Rotor wing system flexible beam, rotor wing system and rotorcraft

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rotor wing system flexible beam, a rotor wing system and a rotorcraft, belongs to the technical field of aircrafts, and solves the problem that interlayer cracking is easy to occur in the working process of a flexible beam in the prior art. The utility model provides a flexible beam of a rotor system. The flexible beam comprises a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer, the first fiber layer is arranged on the outer layer of the second fiber layer; the first fiber layer is a fiber winding layer; and the second fiber layer is an anti-shearing layer. The shear capacity of the flexible beam can be improved, and the interlayer cracking phenomenon in the working process of the flexible beam is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of aircraft technology, especially relates to a rotor system flexible beam, rotor system and gyroplane. BACKGROUND

[0002] The flexible beam is used for replacing the flap hinge, the lag hinge and the pitch hinge in the traditional rotor system, and the flap, the lag and the pitch movement of the blade are satisfied by the structural deformation of the flexible beam. The flexible beam is located in the rotor part of the helicopter and is used as a transition piece connecting the blade and the hub. One end of the flexible beam is connected with the hub, and the other end is connected with the blade. The main function of the flexible beam is to realize the flap, the lag and the pitch movement of the blade. The flexible beam needs to bear the centrifugal force, the chord force, the vertical force, the flap moment, the lag moment and the torsion moment from the rotor blade and transmit these loads to the rotor hub and the fuselage structure. Since the flexible beam of the composite rotor system is usually formed by composite material layering, the structure is relatively complex, the manufacturing quality is difficult to guarantee, the shear capacity is insufficient, and the interlayer cracking phenomenon is prone to occur in the working process. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the utility model aim to provide a rotor system flexible beam, a rotor system and a gyroplane, so as to solve the problem of insufficient shear capacity of the flexible beam and the interlayer cracking phenomenon prone to occur in the working process.

[0004] The utility model discloses a rotor system flexible beam, a rotor system and a gyroplane.

[0005] The utility model discloses a rotor system flexible beam, a rotor system and a gyroplane.

[0006] The first fiber layer is arranged outside the second fiber layer, the first fiber layer is a fiber winding layer, and the second fiber layer is a shear layer.

[0007] Further, the fiber winding layer is formed by continuously winding unidirectional fiber belts.

[0008] Further, the second fiber layer is a 30°-50° fiber layering or a fiber woven cloth.

[0009] Further, the thickness of the first fiber layer along the length direction of the first fiber layer is the same, and / or the thickness of the second fiber layer along the length direction of the second fiber layer is the same.

[0010] Further, the first fiber layer comprises an upper fiber layer and a lower fiber layer, and the upper fiber layer and the lower fiber layer have a flap area first fiber layer, a first transition area first fiber layer, a lag area first fiber layer, a second transition area first fiber layer and a blade mounting area first fiber layer.

[0011] The second fiber layer comprises a flap second fiber layer, a first transition second fiber layer, a wobble second fiber layer, a second transition second fiber layer and a paddle mounting second fiber layer.

[0012] Further, a protective sleeve is provided, which is sleeved outside the flap first fiber layer, the paddle mounting first fiber layer and the second transition first fiber layer.

[0013] The protective sleeve is a 30°-50° fiber layer or a fiber cloth.

[0014] Further, a filling layer is provided, which is arranged at the end between the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer; the filling layer comprises a first filling layer and a second filling layer.

[0015] The first filling layer comprises a flap filling layer and a first transition filling layer; the second filling layer comprises a paddle mounting filling layer and a second transition filling layer.

[0016] Further, the first transition filling layer gradually decreases in thickness from one end of the flap filling layer to the other end; the second transition filling layer gradually decreases in thickness from one end of the paddle mounting filling layer to the other end.

[0017] In the second aspect, the utility model provides a rotor system, including the rotor system flexible beam.

[0018] In the third aspect, the utility model provides a rotorcraft, including the rotor system.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) Compared with the fiber layer in the prior art as the outer structure of the flexible beam, the utility model discloses the first fiber layer in the outer layer of the flexible beam, and the first fiber layer is a winding layer, the maximum normal stress on the upper and lower surfaces of the flexible beam during the flap movement, the winding layer has the characteristics of high tensile and bending strength, and the bending resistance and delamination resistance of the flexible beam can be improved, the setting of the winding layer improves the flexibility of the flexible beam, makes the flexible beam have lower torsional stiffness in the pendulum zone, can produce the required deformation in the rotor working process, adapts to different flight states and load conditions, and reduces the strength requirement of the control system, compared with the prior art, only the shear layer is arranged in the hub mounting area and the blade mounting area, and the pendulum section simultaneously bears the flap, pendulum and torsional load, and interlayer cracking also easily occurs, and the shear capacity is insufficient, the utility model discloses that the second fiber layer is arranged as the shear layer, the shear layer is arranged in one layer or several layers along the whole length direction of the flexible beam, the shear strain force of the flexible beam is improved, and the risk of interlayer cracking is reduced. Since the shear layer is arranged in the middle layer in the thickness direction of the flexible beam, and the thickness is small, the torsional stiffness of the flexible beam pendulum zone is little affected.

[0021] (2) The winding layer of the utility model is formed by winding a single fiber around the set guide column, has good integrity, and has good tensile strength, the shear layer is 30-50 ° fiber layer or fiber cloth, and the fiber at this angle can provide greater strength and stiffness in the shear direction, and the shear capacity is best.

[0022] (3) Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses that a layer or more than one layer of protective sleeve formed by 30-50 ° fiber layer or fiber cloth is sleeved outside the winding layer in the thicker flap area and the blade mounting area with larger load, the shear capacity of the flap area and the blade mounting area of the flexible beam is improved, so that the flexible beam can still work even if the fiber layer in the flap area and the blade mounting area cracks.

[0023] (4) Since the flap area and the blade mounting area need to bear larger load, the utility model discloses that the filling layer is arranged in the flap area and the blade mounting area to increase the layer thickness of the flap area and the blade mounting area, so as to increase the bending stiffness of the cross section in the flap direction, reduce the normal stress generated by the flap moment, and ensure the reliability and strength of the blade mounting section and the hub mounting section. The filling layer in the flap area and the filling layer in the blade mounting area are consistent in thickness along the length direction, in order to ensure that the shape and performance of the flexible beam are stable, the first transition area filling layer and the second transition area filling layer are provided with a thickness gradually decreasing from one end to the other end. The filling layer is arranged below the first fiber layer, so as to reduce the stress level of the filling layer position and reduce the risk of delamination at the boundary between the filling layer and the first fiber layer.

[0024] The above technical solutions can be combined with each other to realize more optional combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following content, and some advantages can be apparent from the description or can be understood by implementing the present application. The purposes and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained through the content specifically indicated in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not considered as limiting the present application, and the same reference signs represent the same components throughout the drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 Structure diagram of flexible beam of rotor system;

[0027] Figure 2 Structure diagram of longitudinal section of flexible beam of rotor system;

[0028] Figure 3 Structure diagram of first fiber layer;

[0029] Figure 4 Structure diagram of second fiber layer;

[0030] Figure 5 Structure diagram of filling block;

[0031] Figure 6 Structure diagram of filling layer;

[0032] Figure 7 Structure diagram of protective sleeve.

[0033] Reference signs:

[0034] 1-first fiber layer, 11-flap area first fiber layer, 111-filling block, 12-first transition area first fiber layer, 13-second transition area first fiber layer, 14-flutter area first fiber layer, 15-blade mounting area first fiber layer, 2-second fiber layer, 21-flap area second fiber layer, 22-first transition area second fiber layer, 23-second transition area second fiber layer, 24-flutter area second fiber layer, 25-blade mounting area second fiber layer, 3-filling layer, 31-first filling layer, 311-flap area filling layer, 312-first transition area filling layer, 32-second filling layer, 321-blade mounting area filling layer, 322-second transition area filling layer, 4-protective sleeve, 41-first protective sleeve, 42-second protective sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below with reference to the drawings, wherein the drawings form part of the utility model and are used together with the embodiments of the utility model to explain the principles of the utility model, and are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0036] The rotor system flexible beam provides certain flexibility in the rotor system, allowing the rotor to produce certain deformation in the flight process, so as to adapt to different air flow conditions and load changes. The functions of the rotor system flexible beam include the flap section, the first transition section, the lead-lag section / torsion section, the second transition section and the blade mounting section.

[0037] The flap section includes the hub connection section. The hub connection section and the blade mounting section have large bending stiffness and torsional stiffness, which are used to provide a platform for the flexible beam to be connected with the hub and the blade mounting; the lead-lag section is usually thin and has certain flexibility, realizing the lead-lag motion and pitch change of the blade; the first transition section plays a role in connecting the flap section and the lead-lag section, and the shape gradually changes; the second transition section plays a role in connecting the lead-lag section and the blade mounting section, and the shape gradually changes.

[0038] As shown in one specific embodiment of the utility model, Figure 1 and Figure 2 a rotor system flexible beam is disclosed, which comprises a first fiber layer 1 and a second fiber layer 2. The first fiber layer 1 is arranged outside the second fiber layer 2.

[0039] The first fiber layer 1 is a winding layer, which is formed by continuously winding a unidirectional fiber tape according to the in-plane shape of the flexible beam. The good integrity of the unidirectional fiber tape winding and the good tensile capacity of the winding layer enable the outer layer of the flexible beam to avoid the rupture and delamination of the outer layer fiber in the torsional deformation and tensile-compressive deformation.

[0040] It should be noted that the thickness of the flap section winding layer is also small. In the overall length direction, the thickness of the winding layer is the same.

[0041] As shown in Figure 3 the first fiber layer 1 comprises an upper fiber layer and a lower fiber layer, and the upper fiber layer and the lower fiber layer respectively have a flap section first fiber layer 11, a first transition section first fiber layer 12, a second transition section first fiber layer 13, a lead-lag section first fiber layer 14 and a blade mounting section first fiber layer 15.

[0042] The winding layer fiber used in this embodiment is preferably glass fiber, which has good fatigue resistance and can meet the requirement of high fatigue resistance of the flexible beam under alternating load.

[0043] Compared with the fiber layer as the outer layer structure of the flexible beam in the prior art, the embodiment sets a winding layer on the outer layer of the flexible beam. The upper and lower surfaces of the flexible beam have the maximum stress during the flap motion. The winding layer has high tensile and bending strength, which can improve the bending resistance and delamination resistance of the flexible beam. The setting of the winding layer improves the flexibility of the flexible beam, so that the flexible beam has low torsional stiffness in the pendulum region and can produce the required deformation during the operation of the rotor to adapt to different flight states and load conditions, thereby reducing the strength requirement of the control system. The winding layer in the embodiment is formed by winding a unidirectional fiber tape around a guide column, which has good integrity and high tensile strength.

[0044] In the prior art, the hub mounting section and the blade mounting section bear a large load, and therefore a shear-resistant layer is usually arranged in the hub mounting area and the blade mounting area to prevent cracking between the fiber layers. Considering that the pendulum / torsion region of the flexible beam has large deformation and is also prone to delamination, the embodiment is provided with a second fiber layer 2 having shear resistance along the entire length direction of the flexible beam to enhance the shear resistance of the flexible beam and reduce the interlayer effect.

[0045] As shown in Figure 4 , the second fiber layer 2 is a 30°-50° fiber layer or a fiber fabric. The shear-resistant layer is a 30°-50° fiber layer or a fiber fabric. The fiber at this angle can provide greater strength and stiffness in the shear direction, and has the best shear resistance. Further, the shear-resistant layer can have multiple layers. The thickness of each layer of the shear-resistant layer is the same in the length direction of the entire shear-resistant layer.

[0046] The second fiber layer 2 includes a flap region second fiber layer 21, a first transition region second fiber layer 22, a second transition region second fiber layer 23, a pendulum region second fiber layer 24, and a blade mounting region second fiber layer 25.

[0047] Compared with the prior art in which only a shear-resistant layer is arranged in the hub mounting area and the blade mounting area, and the pendulum section simultaneously bears the flap, pendulum, and torsion load, the interlayer cracking is also prone to occur, and the shear resistance is insufficient. The embodiment arranges one or more shear-resistant layers along the entire length direction of the flexible beam to improve the shear strain resistance of the winding layer and reduce the risk of interlayer cracking. Since the shear-resistant layer is arranged in the middle layer in the thickness direction of the flexible beam and has a small thickness, it has little effect on the torsional stiffness of the pendulum region of the flexible beam.

[0048] Further, when the unidirectional fiber is wound, a filler 111 is arranged in the flap region and the blade mounting region of the flexible beam to improve the bending stiffness of the cross section and reduce the stress on the cross section due to the flap, thereby ensuring the reliability and strength of the blade mounting section and the hub mounting section. As shown in Figure 5 , the filler 111 is formed by impregnating and curing short fibers with epoxy resin.

[0049] As shown in Figure 6 The filling layer 3 includes an upper filling layer and a lower filling layer, and the upper filling layer and the lower filling layer include a first filling layer 31 and a second filling layer 32. The first filling layer 31 includes a flapwise zone filling layer 311 and a first transition zone filling layer 312; the second filling layer 32 includes a blade mounting zone filling layer 321 and a second transition zone filling layer 322.

[0050] The flapwise zone first fiber layer 11 is parallel to the flapwise zone second fiber layer 12, and the flapwise zone filling layer 311 is arranged between the two; the blade mounting zone first fiber layer 15 is parallel to the blade mounting zone second fiber layer 25, and the blade mounting zone filling layer 321 is arranged between the two; the flapwise zone first fiber layer 13 is parallel to the flapwise zone second fiber layer 23 and is arranged in close contact; the first transition zone first fiber layer 12 is arranged obliquely, and the first transition zone first fiber layer 12 and the first transition zone second fiber layer 22 have an included angle therebetween, and the first transition zone filling layer 312 is arranged between the two, and the thickness of the first transition zone filling layer 312 gradually decreases from the near flapwise zone to the near flapwise zone; the second transition zone first fiber layer 14 is arranged obliquely, and the second transition zone first fiber layer 14 and the second transition zone second fiber layer 24 have an included angle therebetween, and the second transition zone filling layer 322 is arranged between the two, and the thickness of the second transition zone filling layer 322 gradually decreases from the near blade mounting zone to the near flapwise zone.

[0051] It should be noted that, in order to ensure smooth transition of the shape and performance of the flexible beam, the flapwise zone filling layer 311 and the blade mounting zone filling layer 321 have a uniform thickness along the length direction; and the first transition zone filling layer 312 and the second transition zone filling layer 322 have a thickness gradually decreasing from one end to the other end. The filling layer 3 is arranged at the lower part of the first fiber layer 1, so as to avoid delamination of the filling layer 3 and the first fiber layer 1 at the boundary when subjected to external force. The filling layer 3 is arranged at the lower part of the first fiber layer 1, so as to reduce the stress level at the joint position of the filling layer 3 and the first fiber layer, and reduce the risk of delamination at the boundary between the filling layer 3 and the first fiber layer 1.

[0052] The filling layer 3 is impregnated with fibers and resin, specifically, the filling layer 3 is a discontinuous unidirectional tape, fabric or epoxy resin, chopped fiber and the like, so as to ensure its bending resistance.

[0053] Further, a protective sleeve 4 is further included. The protective sleeve 4 is used to cover the flapwise zone and the blade mounting zone of the flexible beam with a large thickness, so as to prevent delamination between the fiber layers of the flapwise zone and the blade mounting zone. As shown in Figure 7As shown, the protective sleeve 4 comprises a first protective sleeve 41 and a second protective sleeve 42. Due to the short length of the blade mounting area, in order to reliably wrap the protective sleeve 4 and avoid falling off, the second protective sleeve 42 covers the blade mounting area and the second transition area. The first protective sleeve 41 can be wrapped outside the first fiber layer 11 of the flap area, and the second protective sleeve 42 can be wrapped outside the first fiber layer 15 of the blade mounting area and the first fiber layer 14 of the second transition area.

[0054] The protective sleeve 4 is made of 30°-50° fiber layer or fiber fabric, so that the protective sleeve 4 has a large shear resistance, and further reduces the shear delamination phenomenon of the flexible beam. The protective sleeve 4 can be provided as multiple layers.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment sets a protective sleeve 4 made of 30°-50° fiber layer or fiber fabric outside the wrapping layer of the flap area and the blade mounting area with large load, improves the shear resistance of the flap area and the blade mounting area of the flexible beam, reduces the fiber layer cracking phenomenon, and enables the flexible beam to still work even if the fiber layer of the flap area and the blade mounting area cracks.

[0056] The manufacturing method of the embodiment is as follows:

[0057] The filler 111 and the filling layer 3 are formed. The filler 111 is formed by impregnating short-cut fiber resin in a medium-temperature curing manner; the filling layer 3 is made of interrupted unidirectional tape, fabric or epoxy resin, short-cut fiber, etc.

[0058] The protective sleeve 4 is formed. The fibers are placed in the mold according to the 30°-50° fiber layer or fiber fabric in the length direction, and vacuum-assisted forming is performed;

[0059] The first fiber layer 1 is formed by winding. The single fiber bundle pre-impregnated material is wound around the guide column according to the in-plane shape of the flexible beam.

[0060] Layer forming. The lower fiber layer and the formed filler 111 are placed in the forming mold of the flexible beam; the formed lower filling layer is placed on the lower fiber layer; the second fiber layer 2 is laid on the lower filling layer; the upper filling layer is placed on the second fiber layer 2; the upper fiber layer and the formed filler 111 are placed on the upper filling layer.

[0061] The mold is closed, the resin is filled, and the temperature and pressure are increased for curing and demolding.

[0062] The protective sleeve 4 is wrapped in the flap area and the blade mounting area.

[0063] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a rotor system, which comprises the rotor system flexible beam in the above embodiment.

[0064] The utility model embodiment further provides a rotorcraft, including rotor system in above -mentioned implementation.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the rotor system and the rotorcraft have the same advantages as the rotorcraft hub system, which will not be repeated here.

[0066] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the utility model, which should be covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A flexible beam of a rotor system, characterized in that: It comprises a first fiber layer (1), a second fiber layer (2) and a protective cover (4); The first fiber layer (1) is arranged outside the second fiber layer (2); the first fiber layer (1) is a fiber winding layer; the second fiber layer (2) is a shear-resistant layer; The first fiber layer (1) comprises an upper fiber layer and a lower fiber layer, wherein the upper fiber layer and the lower fiber layer have a first fiber layer (11) in a flapping area, a first fiber layer (12) in a first transition area, a first fiber layer (13) in a swinging area, a first fiber layer (14) in a second transition area, and a first fiber layer (15) in a blade mounting area; The protective cover (4) is sleeved on the outside of the first fiber layer (11) in the flapping area, the first fiber layer (15) in the blade installation area, and the first fiber layer (14) in the second transition area.

2. The rotor system flexible beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber winding layer is formed by continuously winding unidirectional fiber tapes.

3. The rotor system flexible beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second fiber layer (2) is a 30°-50° fiber layer or fiber fabric.

4. The rotor system flexible beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first fiber layer (1) along its length direction is the same; and / or the thickness of the second fiber layer (2) along its length direction is the same.

5. The rotor system flexible beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second fiber layer (2) comprises a second fiber layer (21) in the flapping area, a second fiber layer (22) in the first transition area, a second fiber layer (23) in the swinging area, a second fiber layer (24) in the second transition area, and a second fiber layer (25) in the blade mounting area.

6. The rotor system flexible beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover (4) is formed by 30°-50° fiber layering or fiber fabric and resin impregnation.

7. The rotor system flexible beam according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a filling layer (3); the filling layer (3) is arranged at the end between the first fiber layer (1) and the second fiber layer (2); the filling layer (3) includes a first filling layer (31) and a second filling layer (32); The first filling layer (31) comprises a flapping area filling layer (311) and a first transition area filling layer (312); the second filling layer (32) comprises a blade mounting area filling layer (321) and a second transition area filling layer (322).

8. The rotor system flexible beam according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the first transition zone filling layer (312) gradually decreases from one end close to the flapping zone filling layer (311) to the other end; the thickness of the second transition zone filling layer (322) gradually decreases from one end close to the blade installation zone filling layer (321) to the other end.

9. A rotor system, characterized in that: The flexible beam of the rotor system comprises any one of claims 1-8.

10. A rotorcraft, characterized in that: Includes the rotor system according to claim 9.

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