Ventilation cap, ventilation system and wind generating set

Abstract

The utility model provides a ventilation cap, a ventilation system and a wind generating set, the ventilation cap is suitable for a hub of the wind generating set, the hub is provided with a ventilation opening, the ventilation cap is used for being installed at the ventilation opening, the ventilation cap comprises a cap body and a first baffle ring, and the cap body is provided with a ventilation area in the height direction of the ventilation cap; the ventilation area is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, an opening is formed in the bottom end of the cap body and used for covering the ventilation opening, the first baffle ring is arranged on the inner wall of the cap body and extends in the circumferential direction of the ventilation cap, and the first baffle ring is arranged on the side, away from the opening, of the ventilation area in the height direction of the ventilation cap. According to the hub, the first baffle ring is arranged on the side, away from the opening, of the ventilation area, the first baffle ring is arranged on the ventilation channel, the ventilation channel is communicated with the opening, and dust mixed in airflow entering the hub can be intercepted by arranging the first baffle ring, so that the airflow entering the ventilation cap is purified, and the running reliability of the hub is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a ventilation cap, a ventilation system and a wind turbine generator. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of designing a large-scale hub, the heat dissipation problem caused by internal electrical components and mechanical components of a wind turbine generator needs to be considered. In order to circulate air flow during heat dissipation, an air inlet is arranged on the hub. In order to avoid foreign matters from entering the hub, a cap needs to be arranged at the air inlet. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] The main purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a ventilation cap, a ventilation system and a wind turbine generator, so as to facilitate the heat dissipation and ventilation of the hub.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions.

[0005] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a ventilation cap is provided, which is suitable for a hub of a wind turbine generator. The hub has an air vent. The ventilation cap is arranged at the air vent. The ventilation cap comprises a cap body and a first blocking ring. The cap body is provided with a ventilation area in the height direction of the ventilation cap. The ventilation area is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes. The bottom end of the cap body is provided with an opening. The opening is arranged on the air vent. The first blocking ring is arranged on the inner wall of the cap body and extends in the circumferential direction of the ventilation cap. The first blocking ring is arranged on the side of the ventilation area away from the opening in the height direction of the ventilation cap.

[0006] In an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the outer periphery of the first blocking ring is fixed to the cap body. The inner periphery of the first blocking ring gradually converges to the center of the ventilation cap, and the height from the bottom end of the cap body decreases from the outer periphery to the inner periphery.

[0007] Optionally, the inner periphery of the first blocking ring is located on the side of the ventilation area away from the opening in the height direction of the ventilation cap. The side of the first blocking ring facing the opening is in the form of an outward convex arc in the longitudinal section where the center line of the ventilation cap is located.

[0008] In another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the side of the first blocking ring facing the opening is in the form of a circular arc in the longitudinal section where the center line of the ventilation cap is located. The center of the circular arc is on the cap body on the side of the first blocking ring facing the opening.

[0009] Optionally, the radius r of the circular arc satisfies 120mm≤r≤250mm.

[0010] In another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the cap body is in a cylindrical shell structure, the ventilation cap further comprises an inner cylinder and an inner cylinder flange, the inner cylinder is sleeved on the inner side of the cap body, and the projection of the inner cylinder on the cap body can cover the ventilation area, the top end of the inner cylinder is located on the side of the first blocking ring away from the opening along the height direction of the ventilation cap, and the inner cylinder flange is arranged at the top end of the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder flange extends from the top edge of the inner cylinder towards the cap body, and the circumferential edge of the inner cylinder flange is spaced apart from the cap body.

[0011] Optionally, the outer circumferential edge of the inner cylinder flange extends towards the first blocking ring, the outer circumferential edge of the inner cylinder flange is spaced apart from the first blocking ring along the radial direction of the ventilation cap, and is located on the side of the first blocking ring away from the opening along the height direction of the ventilation cap.

[0012] Specifically, the dimension w1 of the inner cylinder flange along the radial direction of the ventilation cap, and the distance w2 between the inner cylinder and the cap body along the radial direction of the ventilation cap satisfy 1:4≤w1 / w2≤2:3.

[0013] In another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the ventilation cap further comprises at least two second blocking rings, the at least two second blocking rings are spaced apart and / or abutted on the outer circumferential wall of the inner cylinder along the height direction of the ventilation cap, and each of the second blocking rings continuously extends along the circumference of the inner cylinder.

[0014] In an example embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the at least two second blocking rings is spaced apart from the side of the ventilation area away from the opening along the height direction of the ventilation cap; and / or, the cross section of the second blocking ring is semicircular; and / or, at least one of the first blocking ring and the second blocking ring is made of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber or polypropylene.

[0015] Optionally, the ventilation cap further comprises an end cover and an end flange, the end cover and the end flange are arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the cap body respectively, one of the end cover and the end flange is rotatably connected to the cap body, so that the end cover can be flipped relative to the cap body, or the cap body can be flipped relative to the end flange.

[0016] Specifically, the ventilation cap further comprises a lock body, in the case that the end cover is rotatably connected to the cap body, the lock body can lock the end cover on the cap body; in the case that the cap body is rotatably connected to the end flange, the lock body can lock the cap body on the end flange.

[0017] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a ventilation system is provided, comprising a hub provided with a ventilation opening formed as an air inlet of the ventilation system, and the ventilation cap as described above covering the ventilation opening.

[0018] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a wind turbine generator is provided, comprising the ventilation system as described above.

[0019] The ventilation cap, the ventilation system and the wind turbine generator provided by the present disclosure have at least the following distinguishing technical features: the first blocking ring is arranged on the ventilation passage which is in communication with the opening, and the first blocking ring is arranged on the ventilation passage on the side away from the opening. The first blocking ring can intercept the dust mixed in the airflow entering the hub, so as to purify the airflow entering the ventilation cap and improve the reliability of the hub operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and / or other purposes and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] REFERENCE SIGNS:

[0022] Figure 1 A structural view of the ventilation cap provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 An inside view of the ventilation cap in Figure 1

[0024] Figure 3 An outside view of the ventilation cap in Figure 1

[0025] Figure 4 A left side view of the ventilation cap in Figure 1

[0026] Figure 5 A longitudinal sectional view of the ventilation cap in Figure 4

[0027] Figure 6 A local enlarged view of the structure indicated by I in Figure 5

[0028] REFERENCE SIGNS:

[0029] 1, cap body; 2, end cover;

[0030] 3, pivot shaft; 4, ventilation hole;

[0031] 5, lock body; 6, lock body handle;

[0032] 7, end cover handle; 8, end flange;​​​​​

[0033] 9, flange hole; 10, first blocking ring;

[0034] 11, inner cylinder; 12, second blocking ring;

[0035] 13, inner cylinder flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Implementations of the present disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the implementations set forth herein. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the various figures and detailed description.

[0037] With the increasing attention to wind power generation technology, the operation safety of wind turbine generators is also gradually valued. During the operation of the wind turbine generator, various electrical elements or mechanical components will generate heat. In order to improve the operation reliability of the wind turbine generator, for example, a hub has a plurality of electrical elements and mechanical components arranged therein, and a large amount of heat is generated during the operation of the wind turbine generator. Therefore, a ventilation system is needed to cool the hub.

[0038] The ventilation system provided by the present disclosure can include a hub and a ventilation cap. The hub has a ventilation opening through which external airflow can enter the hub and circulate in the hub to carry away the heat in the hub, thereby achieving cooling. The ventilation cap can be arranged at the ventilation opening to prevent external debris from accidentally entering the hub through the ventilation opening and affecting the operation safety of the hub.

[0039] The present disclosure provides a ventilation cap suitable for a hub of a wind turbine generator. The hub has a ventilation opening, and the ventilation cap is arranged at the ventilation opening. When external airflow enters the hub through the ventilation opening of the hub, the ventilation cap can intercept external debris to prevent the external debris from entering the hub along with the airflow, thereby improving the operation reliability of the hub. In the present embodiment, the ventilation opening serves as an air inlet of the ventilation system, and external airflow can enter the hub through the ventilation opening to ventilate and cool the internal components of the hub.

[0040] In order to facilitate the smooth passage of airflow through the ventilation cap, the ventilation cap has a plurality of ventilation holes 4, but is not limited thereto. Referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the ventilation cap includes a cap body 1 and a first blocking ring 10. The cap body 1 is provided with a ventilation area in the height direction of the ventilation cap. The ventilation area is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 4. The bottom end of the cap body 1 is provided with an opening for covering the ventilation opening. The first blocking ring 10 is arranged on the inner wall of the cap body 1 and extends along the circumference of the ventilation cap. The first blocking ring 10 is arranged on the side away from the opening in the height direction of the ventilation cap.

[0041] The first blocking ring 10 is arranged on the ventilation passage which is communicated with the opening, and the first blocking ring 10 can intercept the sundry dust (for example, sand dust) mixed in the airflow entering the hub, so as to purify the airflow entering the ventilation cap and improve the reliability of the hub operation.

[0042] As an example, the airflow entering the ventilation cap through the ventilation hole 4 flows towards the end cover 2, and the airflow first bypasses the first blocking ring 10 in the flowing process, so as to throw out the sundry dust mixed in the airflow and purify the airflow.

[0043] Continuing to refer to Figure 6 The outer periphery of the first blocking ring 10 is fixed on the cap body 1. In the embodiment, the first blocking ring 10 can be a metal piece, for example, but not limited to, and the first blocking ring 10 can be fixed on the inner wall of the cap body 1 by a welding process or a fastener connection mode. According to the needs, the first blocking ring 10 can also be made of foamed material, and the first blocking ring 10 can be connected to the inner wall of the cap body 1 by gluing and the like, but not limited thereto.

[0044] Further, the inner periphery of the first blocking ring 10 gradually converges to the center of the ventilation cap and decreases in height from the bottom end of the cap body 1 from the outer periphery to the inner periphery, that is, extends towards the opening, so as to improve the interception effect of the sundry dust. According to the present disclosure, the first blocking ring 10 is arranged to converge to the center of the ventilation cap and extend towards the opening, and in the flowing process of the airflow entering through the ventilation hole 4 to the inner cavity of the ventilation cap, the airflow will turn to bypass the first blocking ring 10 due to the interception of the first blocking ring 10, and at this time, the sundry dust in the airflow is thrown out due to the turning of the airflow, so as to be intercepted and filtered out by the first blocking ring 10.

[0045] In the embodiment, the first blocking ring 10 can gradually converge to the center and extend towards the opening in a stepped structure from the outer periphery to the inner periphery in the height direction of the ventilation cap, so that the height from the cap body 1 gradually decreases; or can gradually converge to the center and extend towards the opening in a tapered structure, so that the height from the cap body 1 gradually decreases; or can gradually converge to the center and extend towards the opening in an arc structure according to the needs.

[0046] Continuing to refer to Figure 6 The inner periphery of the first blocking ring 10 is located on the side of the ventilation area away from the opening in the height direction of the ventilation cap, that is, Figure 6In the embodiment, the first blocking ring 10 is located above the ventilation area, and the side of the first blocking ring 10 facing the opening is outwardly convex in the longitudinal section where the ventilation cap center line is located. In this way, the side of the first blocking ring 10 forms a containing space to store dust in a short time, thereby avoiding secondary pollution of the airflow. Further, by forming the side of the first blocking ring 10 as an outwardly convex arc structure, compared with the first blocking ring 10 in a stepped structure, the possibility of turbulence generated on the surface of the first blocking ring 10 is reduced. When the airflow passes around the first blocking ring 10, it can smoothly pass through the side of the first blocking ring 10, thereby reducing the wind resistance in the airflow flow process. Compared with a tapered structure, the slope of the outwardly convex arc structure varies, so that the airflow can flow in a diverted manner. In the airflow diversion process, dust particles in the airflow can be thrown out, thereby effectively filtering the airflow.

[0047] In the embodiment, the side of the first blocking ring 10 facing the opening is a circular arc surface. The center of the circular arc may, for example, fall on the cap body 1 on the side of the first blocking ring 10 facing the opening, that is, as shown in FIG. 2, the center of the circular arc will be below the first blocking ring 10 and on the cap body 1. In this way, when there is dust temporarily stored in the containing space of the first blocking ring 10, even if the airflow rolls up the dust again, the dust will flow along the curved direction of the circular arc and re-enter the ventilation passage located upstream of the first blocking ring 10, thereby reducing the risk of dust entering the hub. In the embodiment, the circular arc surface is simple to process, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the ventilation cap to a certain extent. Figure 6

[0048] For example, the radius r of the circular arc satisfies 120mm≤r≤250mm, but is not limited thereto. Further, the radius r of the circular arc surface satisfies 150mm≤r≤200mm. Further, the cap body 1 is in a cylindrical shell structure, and the ventilation cap further comprises an inner cylinder 11, which is spacedly sleeved on the inner side of the cap body 1, and the projection of the inner cylinder 11 on the cap body 1 can cover the ventilation area. The disclosure forms a ventilation passage between the inner cylinder 11 and the cap body 1 by arranging the inner cylinder 11 on the inner side of the cap body 1. After the airflow enters the ventilation passage through the ventilation hole 4, it will flow in a predetermined direction under the guidance of the ventilation passage, thereby reducing the generation of turbulence and improving the flowability of the airflow, which is beneficial to heat dissipation. In addition, by arranging the inner cylinder 11, the airflow entering the inner cavity of the ventilation cap through the ventilation hole 4 can be prevented from flowing directly to the opening and entering the inner cavity of the hub, thereby prolonging the flow time of the airflow in the ventilation cap and allowing the airflow sufficient time to be filtered and purified to remove the dust mixed therein. Further, by forming the ventilation passage between the inner cylinder 11 and the cap body 1, it is not necessary to arrange a wind blocking structure in the hub and construct a ventilation passage, thereby simplifying the structure of the hub.

[0049] ​In the embodiment, the projection of the inner cylinder 11 on the cap body 1 can cover the ventilation area, that is, the top end of the inner cylinder 11 is located above the ventilation area, and the bottom end of the inner cylinder 11 is located below the ventilation area, so that the airflow entering through the ventilation hole 4 can be guided by the inner cylinder 11 and drained through the ventilation channel formed between the inner cylinder 11 and the cap body 1, thereby reducing the turbulence in the ventilation channel and reducing the wind resistance.

[0050] Continuing to refer to the drawings, the top end of the inner cylinder 11 is located on the side away from the opening along the height direction of the ventilation cap, and the ventilation cap further comprises an inner cylinder flange 13 arranged at the top end of the inner cylinder 11, the inner cylinder flange 13 extends from the top end edge of the inner cylinder 11 towards the cap body 1, and the circumferential edge of the inner cylinder flange 13 is arranged spaced apart from the cap body 1.

[0051] Continuing to refer to Figure 6 , in the embodiment, the inner cylinder flange 13 is arranged above the first blocking ring 10 and staggered in the ventilation channel formed by the inner cylinder 11 and the cap body 1, the airflow entering through the ventilation hole 4 changes the flow direction due to the blocking of the inner cylinder 11 and flows along the ventilation cap towards the end cover 2, and then bypasses the first blocking ring 10 and the inner cylinder flange 13 to enter the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 11 and continue to flow towards the opening.

[0052] In the embodiment, by arranging the inner cylinder flange 13 at the top end of the inner cylinder 11, the flow direction of the airflow is changed again, so that the airflow can advance in the ventilation cap in a roundabout way, thereby enabling the dust mixed in the airflow to be thrown out and achieving airflow filtration.

[0053] Further, due to the staggered arrangement of the first blocking ring 10 and the inner cylinder flange 13 in the ventilation channel, the airflow changes direction during the bypassing of the first blocking ring 10 and the inner cylinder flange 13, thereby prolonging the flow time of the airflow in the ventilation cap, thereby facilitating airflow filtration.

[0054] In the embodiment, the inner cylinder flange 13, the first blocking ring 10 and the ventilation area are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the ventilation cap from the end cover 2 to the opening, but this is not limiting.

[0055] In the embodiment, the first blocking ring 10 and the inner cylinder flange 13 are arranged spaced apart along the radial direction of the ventilation cap, so as to maintain the ventilation channel with a predetermined ventilation area, thereby reducing the wind resistance during the advancement of the airflow and facilitating the flow of the airflow. Further, the distance between the first blocking ring 10 and the boundary of the ventilation area in the height direction of the ventilation cap, the distance between the first blocking ring 10 and the inner cylinder flange 13 in the height direction of the ventilation cap, and the distance between the first blocking ring 10 and the inner cylinder flange 13 in the radial direction of the ventilation cap can be adjusted as needed.

[0056] Continuing to refer to the drawings, the inner cylinder flange 13 in the embodiment extends in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the ventilation cap, that is, the inner cylinder flange 13 extends along the plane, but is not limited thereto.

[0057] According to the need, the inner cylinder flange 13 can also be curved, specifically, the outer peripheral edge of the inner cylinder flange 13 extends curvedly towards the first blocking ring 10, the outer peripheral edge of the inner cylinder flange 13 is spaced apart from the first blocking ring 10 along the radial direction of the ventilation cap and is located on the side away from the opening of the first blocking ring 10 along the height direction of the ventilation cap. In the embodiment, the outer peripheral edge of the inner cylinder flange 13 is curvedly arranged towards the first blocking ring 10, that is, even if the airflow rolls up the dust temporarily stored at the inner cylinder flange 13 again, the dust will flow along the curved direction of the arc and re-enter the ventilation passage located upstream of the inner cylinder flange 13, thereby reducing the risk of dust entering the hub.

[0058] In the embodiment, the size w1 of the inner cylinder flange 13 along the radial direction of the ventilation cap, and the distance w2 of the inner cylinder body 11 and the cap body 1 along the radial direction of the ventilation cap satisfy 1:4≤w1 / w2≤2:3, so that the inner cylinder flange 13 can effectively guide the airflow. In the case that the ratio of w1 / w2 is less than 1:4, the size of the inner cylinder flange 13 is too small, and part of the airflow is easy to bypass and enter the inner cavity of the inner cylinder body 11, which cannot effectively guide the airflow. In the case that the ratio of w1 / w2 is greater than 2:3, the effective ventilation area of the ventilation passage between the inner cylinder body 11 and the cap body 1 is too small, which blocks the flow of the airflow.

[0059] As an example, the inner cylinder flange 13 can be connected to the top end of the inner cylinder body 11 by a welding process, but is not limited thereto, and according to the need, the inner cylinder flange 13 can also be integrally cast with the inner cylinder body 11, but is not limited thereto.

[0060] Continuing to refer to the drawings, the ventilation cap further comprises at least two second blocking rings 12, which are spaced apart along the height direction of the ventilation cap on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder body 11, and each second blocking ring 12 continuously extends along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder body 11.

[0061] In the embodiment, the airflow entering the ventilation cap through the ventilation hole 4 is first blocked by the inner cylinder body 11 to change the direction of advancement, and in the process of airflow diversion, the water droplets and dust mixed in the airflow are intercepted by the second blocking ring 12, the water droplets form a flow at the second blocking ring 12, and the dust hits the second blocking ring 12 at the second blocking ring 12 and falls, and the water droplets and dust are thrown out of the ventilation cap through the ventilation hole 4 due to the centrifugal force in the process of rotation of the hub.

[0062] According to the need, the second blocking ring 12 is provided with a plurality of second blocking rings 12, which are spaced apart along the height direction of the ventilation cap, or are adjacently arranged, or part of the plurality of second blocking rings 12 are spaced apart, so as to effectively intercept the water droplets.

[0063] In this embodiment, five second blocking rings 12 are provided as an example, but the number of second blocking rings 12 is not limited to five.

[0064] In this embodiment, at least one second blocking ring 12 is located on the side away from the air outlet of the ventilation area along the height direction of the ventilation cap, so as to avoid that part of the airflow directly enters the ventilation duct without being filtered, so that the airflow entering through the ventilation hole 4 can be filtered by the second blocking ring 12, and particles, dust or water droplets are prevented from entering the hub, thereby improving the use reliability of the ventilation cap.

[0065] Further, in this embodiment, one second blocking ring 12 is provided on the side away from the air outlet of the ventilation area as an example, but the number of second blocking rings 12 is not limited to one.

[0066] In this embodiment, the cross section of the second blocking ring 12 can be semicircular, but the cross section of the second blocking ring 12 is not limited to semicircular. Small droplets in the airflow of the air passing through the ventilation hole 4 at high speed will gather and form a flow at the second blocking ring 12 due to the blocking of the second blocking ring 12, and the flow will be thrown out of the ventilation cap under the action of centrifugal force during the rotation of the hub. Small droplets are easy to gather and form a flow on the second blocking ring 12 with a semicircular cross section. Further, the second blocking ring 12 can be made of foamed material, such as EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber) or PP (Polypropylene) material, and is particularly made of EPDM material. In an optional embodiment, each second blocking ring 12 can be adhered to the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder body 11 by glue or other materials, or can be fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder body 11 by fasteners or other structures, but the second blocking ring 12 is not limited to this.

[0067] In order to facilitate the maintenance of the hub internal components, the ventilation cap further comprises an end cover 2 and an end flange 8, and the end cover 2 and the end flange 8 are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the cap body 1. One of the end cover 2 and the end flange 8 is rotatably connected to the cap body 1, so that the end cover 2 can be flipped relative to the cap body 1, or the cap body 1 can be flipped relative to the end flange 8. In this way, by arranging one end of the cap body 1 to be rotatably connected, the ventilation opening can be easily opened, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the hub internal components.

[0068] Return Figure 1 In this embodiment, the end cover 2 can be fixedly connected to the top end of the cap body 1, and the end flange 8 can be arranged at the bottom end of the cap body 1. The bottom end of the cap body 1 is rotatably connected to one side of the end flange 8. When the ventilation system needs to be maintained or replaced, the cap body 1 can be flipped around the pivot shaft 3, and at this time the cap body 1 together with the end cover 2 will be flipped relative to the end flange 8 and opened. As an example, the pivot shaft 3 can include a damping hinge, but the pivot shaft 3 is not limited to this.

[0069] In addition, the end cover 2 can be rotatably connected to one side of the cap body 1 through a pivot shaft (not shown in the figure), and the cap body 1 can be fixedly connected to the end flange 8. When the ventilation system needs to be inspected or parts need to be replaced, the end cover 2 can be flipped around the pivot shaft so that the end cover 2 is flanged and opened relative to the cap body 1. With this arrangement, the operator can open the air inlet each time he flips the end cover 2 without flipping the cap body 1, thereby reducing the wind resistance during the opening process of the end cover 2.

[0070] In this embodiment, a plurality of flange holes 9 may be provided on the end flange 8. By inserting fasteners into the flange holes 9, the vent cap may be connected to the air inlet of the hub, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0071] Furthermore, in order to improve the reliability of the vent hood and prevent the air inlet from being accidentally opened, the vent hood also includes a lock body 5. When the end cover 2 is rotatably connected to the cap body 1, the lock body 5 can lock the end cover 2 on the cap body 1; when the cap body 1 is rotatably connected to the end flange 8, the lock body 5 can lock the cap body 1 on the end flange 8.

[0072] Continuing to refer to the drawings, a lock body 5 and a lock body handle 6 are provided on the end cover 2 . The lock body 5 can be swung between a locked position and an unlocked position by operating the lock body handle 6 .

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the cap body 1 is rotatably connected to the end flange 8, and the end cover 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the cap body 1. Specifically, when the lock body 5 is in the locked position, the cap body 1 will be locked to the end flange 8. At this time, the cap body 1 cannot rotate around the pivot axis 3, that is, the air inlet is covered by the whole composed of the end cover 2 and the cap body 1, and external debris cannot enter the hub through the air inlet; when the lock body 5 is in the unlocked position, for example, when multiple lock bodies 5 are in the unlocked position at the same time, the cap body 1 can be flipped around the pivot axis 3 relative to the end flange 8, thereby opening the air inlet, and operators or other fan components can enter the hub through the air inlet.

[0074] An optional embodiment is described by taking as an example an end cover 2 rotatably connected to the cap body 1, and the bottom end of the cap body 1 fixedly connected to the end flange 8. Specifically, when the lock body 5 is in the locked position, the end cover 2 is locked to the cap body 1. At this time, the end cover 2 cannot rotate around the pivot axis, that is, the air inlet is covered by the end cover 2, and external debris cannot enter the hub through the air inlet; when the lock body 5 is in the unlocked position, for example, when multiple lock bodies 5 are in the unlocked position at the same time, the end cover 2 can rotate around the pivot axis relative to the cap body 1, thereby opening the air inlet, and an operator or other fan components can enter the hub through the air inlet.

[0075] As an example, the lock body handle 6 can be fixed to the lock body 5 and drive the lock body 5 to rotate between the locked position and the unlocked position, but not limited thereto. The present embodiment is described by taking the example that the end cover 2 is provided with three lock bodies 5, but not limited thereto. The number of lock bodies 5 can be set according to actual needs. The lock body 5 can be obtained from the market, and will not be described here.

[0076] In order to facilitate the overturning of the end cover 2 or the cap body 1 with the end cover 2, the ventilation cap further includes an end cover handle 7 in the present embodiment, which can be provided on the end cover 2, but not limited thereto.

[0077] The flow direction of the airflow in the ventilation cap provided by the present embodiment is generally: entering the cap body 1 through the ventilation hole 4, first impacting the outer wall of the inner cylinder 11 and changing the flow direction. In the process of airflow diversion, the water droplets and dust mixed in the airflow will be intercepted by the second blocking ring 12. The water droplets are collected on the second blocking ring 12 to form a flow hanging. The dust hits the second blocking ring 12 and falls off at the second blocking ring 12. When the hub rotates, the water droplets and dust can be thrown out of the ventilation cap through the ventilation hole 4 under the action of centrifugal force.

[0078] The airflow bypassing the plurality of second blocking rings 12 will flow in the ventilation channel between the inner cylinder 11 and the cap body 1 towards the end cover 2. In the process of flowing towards the end cover 2, the airflow bypasses the first blocking ring 10 and changes the advancing direction under the guidance of the first blocking ring 10. At this time, the dust or water mist mixed in the airflow will be intercepted by the first blocking ring 10 and temporarily collected at the first blocking ring 10 in the process of airflow diversion.

[0079] Bypassing the first blocking ring 10 will continue to flow towards the end cover 2, bypass the inner cylinder flange 13 and change direction again, and then enter the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 11 and flow towards the opening to enter the hub. The airflow flows in the ventilation cap in a zigzag manner, so that the dust or water droplets mixed in the airflow are further filtered.

[0080] The present disclosure sets the second blocking ring 12 and the inner cylinder flange 13 on the outside of the inner cylinder 11, sets the first blocking ring 10 on the inside of the cap body 1, and sets the second blocking ring 12, the first blocking ring 10 and the inner cylinder flange 13 along the height direction of the ventilation cap. The airflow flowing in the ventilation channel can change direction, and the dust or water droplets mixed in the airflow will be thrown out due to the centrifugal force in the process of airflow diversion, so that the airflow is filtered, and the dust or water droplets in the airflow are prevented from entering the hub, which affects the use of electrical components or mechanical parts, and improves the use reliability of the ventilation cap.

[0081] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a ventilation system is provided, which includes a hub and a ventilation cap as above. The hub is provided with a ventilation opening which can form an air inlet of the ventilation system, and the ventilation cap is arranged at the air inlet.

[0082] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a wind turbine generator system is provided, which includes the ventilation system as above.

[0083] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0084] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0085] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected, can be mechanically connected, can be electrically connected, or can be connected in communication; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0086] The features, structures or characteristics described in the present disclosure can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the above description, many specific details are provided to give a sufficient understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, materials, etc. can be used. In other cases, well-known structures, materials or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the aspects of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A ventilation cap, characterized in that: A hub suitable for a wind turbine generator set, wherein the hub has a ventilation opening, the ventilation hood is used to be installed at the ventilation opening, the ventilation hood comprises a hood body (1) and a first retaining ring (10), the hood body (1) is provided with a ventilation area in the height direction of the ventilation hood, the ventilation area is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes (4), the bottom end of the hood body (1) is provided with an opening, the opening is used to cover the ventilation opening, the first retaining ring (10) is provided on the inner wall of the hood body (1) and extends along the circumference of the ventilation hood, and the first retaining ring (10) is provided on the side of the ventilation area away from the opening along the height direction of the ventilation hood.

2. The vent cap according to claim 1, wherein: The outer periphery of the first retaining ring (10) is fixed on the cap body (1), and the inner periphery of the first retaining ring (10) gradually converges toward the center of the ventilating cap and decreases in height from the outer periphery to the inner periphery from the bottom end of the cap body (1).

3. The vent cap according to claim 2, wherein: The inner periphery of the first retaining ring (10) is located on the side of the ventilation area away from the opening along the height direction of the ventilation hood, and the side of the first retaining ring (10) facing the opening is in an outward convex arc shape on the longitudinal section where the center line of the ventilation hood is located.

4. The vent cap according to claim 3, wherein: The side surface of the first retaining ring (10) facing the opening is in the form of an arc on the longitudinal section where the center line of the ventilating cap is located, and the center of the arc is on the cap body (1) on the side of the first retaining ring (10) facing the opening.

5. The vent cap according to claim 4, wherein: The radius r of the arc satisfies 120 mm ≤ r ≤ 250 mm.

6. The vent cap according to claim 1, wherein: The cap body (1) is a cylindrical shell structure, and the ventilation cap further includes an inner cylinder (11) and an inner cylinder flange (13). The inner cylinder (11) is sleeved on the inner side of the cap body (1) at intervals, and the projection of the inner cylinder (11) on the cap body (1) can cover the ventilation area. The top end of the inner cylinder (11) is located on the side of the first retaining ring (10) away from the opening along the height direction of the ventilation cap. The inner cylinder flange (13) is arranged at the top end of the inner cylinder (11). The inner cylinder flange (13) extends from the top edge of the inner cylinder (11) toward the cap body (1), and the circumferential edge of the inner cylinder flange (13) is spaced apart from the cap body (1).

7. The vent cap according to claim 6, wherein: The outer peripheral edge of the inner tube flange (13) is bent and extended toward the first retaining ring (10), and the outer peripheral edge of the inner tube flange (13) is spaced apart from the first retaining ring (10) along the radial direction of the ventilating hood, and is located on the side of the first retaining ring (10) away from the opening along the height direction of the ventilating hood.

8. The vent cap according to claim 7, wherein: The dimension w1 of the inner cylinder flange (13) along the radial direction of the ventilating cap, and the distance w2 between the inner cylinder body (11) and the cap body (1) along the radial direction of the ventilating cap satisfy 1:4≤w1 / w2≤2:

3.

9. The vent cap according to claim 6, wherein: The vent hood further comprises at least two second retaining rings (12), which are spaced apart and / or adjacently arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder (11) along the height direction of the vent hood, and each second retaining ring (12) extends continuously along the circumference of the inner cylinder (11).

10. The cowl according to claim 9, wherein: At least one of the at least two second baffle rings (12) is located on a side of the ventilation area away from the opening along the height direction of the ventilating hood; and / or the cross section of the second baffle ring (12) is semicircular; and / or at least one of the first baffle ring (10) and the second baffle ring (12) is made of EPDM rubber or polypropylene.

11. The vent hood according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The ventilation hood further comprises an end cover (2) and an end flange (8), wherein the end cover (2) and the end flange (8) are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the hood body (1), and one of the end cover (2) and the end flange (8) is rotatably connected to the hood body (1), so that the end cover (2) can be turned over relative to the hood body (1), or the hood body (1) can be turned over relative to the end flange (8).

12. The cowl according to claim 11, wherein: The ventilating cap further comprises a lock body (5), and when the end cover (2) is rotatably connected to the cap body (1), the lock body (5) can lock the end cover (2) on the cap body (1); when the cap body (1) is rotatably connected to the end flange (8), the lock body (5) can lock the cap body (1) on the end flange (8).

13. A ventilation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a wheel hub and a ventilating hood as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the wheel hub is provided with a ventilating opening, the ventilating opening is formed as an air inlet of the ventilation system, and the ventilating hood cover is provided at the ventilating opening.

14. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: Comprising the ventilation system of claim 13.

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