Prefabricated stair performance test system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a prefabricated stair performance test system which comprises a reaction frame device (2), a load clamping device (3) and a deflection test device (4), the reaction frame device (2) provides support needed by test for a to-be-tested prefabricated stair, and the load clamping device (3) is connected with the reaction frame device (2) and used for carrying out different-level load clamping on the to-be-tested prefabricated stair; the deflection testing device (4) is arranged at the prefabricated staircase to be tested and is used for testing the deflection value of the prefabricated staircase after the load is clamped; according to the invention, a feasible technical scheme is provided for the performance test of the prefabricated staircase, the technical blank of how to test the performance of the prefabricated staircase in the current specification is made up, and many defects of the existing artificial stack load heavy block are overcome.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application is suitable for prefabricated stair performance detection in the field of building, and mainly relates to a prefabricated stair performance test system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of building engineering, the quality of prefabricated components plays a decisive role in the safety and stability of the entire building. In order to effectively ensure the quality, safety and reliability of prefabricated components, relevant building engineering specifications make clear and strict provisions, and it is particularly pointed out that the bending members such as beams and plates must be subjected to structural performance inspection when they are put into use, and the inspection indexes of the structural performance of prefabricated components are specified in detail. It can be seen that the structural performance inspection is undoubtedly an extremely important measure for evaluating the quality of prefabricated components.

[0003] However, there are obvious deficiencies in the current specification system for the related provisions of stair performance testing. Specifically, the current specification only puts forward some restrictions on the technical requirements of stair performance testing, but does not elaborate on the specific test device. As shown in the actual operation of the prefabricated stair performance detection on the market, Figure 1 The detection personnel often have to adopt manual operation to pile up load blocks on the step surface of the prefabricated stair one by one to carry out performance detection work. This traditional piling method has many disadvantages. On the one hand, it consumes a lot of time and labor cost, and seriously affects the detection efficiency. On the other hand, due to the limitation of manual operation, it is impossible to achieve the ideal state of completely uniform load during the loading process, which makes the detection result may have deviation and cannot accurately reflect the real structural performance of the prefabricated stair. In this way, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the quality evaluation of the prefabricated stair, and may also cause hidden dangers to the subsequent use of the building engineering. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the application provides a prefabricated stair performance test system, which is connected with a servo computer, can realize automatic loading of the prefabricated stair load, and automatically obtain the prefabricated stair performance detection data, including the bearing capacity and deflection value of the prefabricated stair.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the application is: a prefabricated stair performance test system is provided, which comprises a counterforce frame device, a load holding device, and a deflection test device. The counterforce frame device provides support required for testing the prefabricated stair to be tested. The load holding device is connected with the counterforce frame device and is used for holding different levels of load for the prefabricated stair to be tested. The deflection test device is arranged at the prefabricated stair to be tested and is used for monitoring the deflection value of the prefabricated stair after the load holding.

[0006] The counterforce frame device comprises two groups of parallel arranged cross beams arranged on the upper and lower parts, and the prefabricated stairs are movably fixed at the central space position of the two groups of parallel arranged cross beams; the two groups of parallel arranged cross beams are respectively a first cross beam and a second cross beam; a third cross beam and a fourth cross beam, and steel beam guide rails are arranged on the bottom surface of the first cross beam and the third cross beam and the top surface of the second cross beam and the fourth cross beam; at least two steel beams are arranged between the upper and lower positions of each group of parallel cross beams, and the steel beams can move along the guide rails.

[0007] Preferably, the trolley device further comprises the prefabricated stairs, left and right support piers arranged below the prefabricated stairs for erecting the prefabricated stairs, and pulleys arranged below the left and right support piers, and the prefabricated stairs erected by the left and right support piers can move along the slide rails to a suitable position for fixation.

[0008] Preferably, the steel beams are arranged in four, including a first steel beam and a second steel beam arranged in parallel between the upper and lower positions of the first cross beam and the second cross beam, and a third steel beam and a fourth steel beam arranged in parallel between the upper and lower positions of the third cross beam and the fourth cross beam; a support rod is further arranged between the two groups of parallel cross beams arranged on the upper and lower parts; stair fixing holes and stair fixing steel rods inserted into the stair fixing holes are arranged on the second steel beam and the fourth steel beam; one end of the stair fixing steel rod inserted into the stair fixing hole of the second steel beam is arranged on the second steel beam, and the other end is inserted into the prefabricated stair body, thereby fixing the height and position of one side of the prefabricated stairs; one end of the stair fixing rod inserted into the stair fixing hole of the fourth steel beam is arranged on the fourth steel beam, and the other end is inserted into the prefabricated stair body, thereby fixing the height and position of the other side of the prefabricated stairs.

[0009] Preferably, the load supporting device comprises a load cross beam, a load guide rail arranged below the load cross beam, an extensible steel column arranged below the load guide rail, and a jack arranged at the end of the extensible steel column; a stair pad is arranged on the stair surface of the prefabricated stairs, and the jack directly contacts the stair pad.

[0010] Preferably, the deflection testing device comprises a displacement sensor with a dial.

[0011] The present application has significant advantages and innovative functions:

[0012] Firstly, after the prefabricated stairs are pushed to the counterforce frame device, the right support pier is removed, and the prefabricated stairs are stably fixed in height and position by the cooperation of the second steel beam, the fourth steel beam, the stair fixing hole and the stair fixing rod arranged on the second steel beam and the fourth steel beam in the counterforce frame device. This innovative fixing method ensures the stability and safety of the prefabricated stairs during the detection process, and lays a solid foundation for the smooth development of the detection work.

[0013] Secondly, in the non-working state, the application designs a convenient device storage scheme. The steel beam in the counterforce frame device is flexibly moved to any side of the entire device along the steel beam guide rail, and the telescopic steel column connected with the jack is also moved to any side of the entire device along the load guide rail, and then the prefabricated staircase that has completed the test is smoothly pushed away, thereby efficiently realizing the shutdown operation of the entire device, greatly improving the space utilization and operation convenience of the device, and facilitating the storage and subsequent reuse of the device.

[0014] Thirdly, the load bearing device in the application can realize up to 17 different levels of load bearing for the prefabricated staircase, so as to test the bearing capacity parameters of the prefabricated staircase. During the load bearing process, the displacement sensor is used to synchronously monitor the displacement change of the prefabricated staircase, and the deflection value obtained by the displacement change is used to reflect the performance of the prefabricated staircase. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a manual piling load bearing method for background technology;

[0016] Figure 2 A front view structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated staircase performance test system of the application;

[0017] Figure 3 A Figure 2 A corresponding left view structural schematic diagram;

[0018] Figure 4 A Figure 2 A corresponding top view structural schematic diagram;

[0019] Figure 5 A structural composition schematic diagram of a servo computer system in a prefabricated staircase performance test system of the application.

[0020] In the figure: 1-pulley device, 11-prefabricated staircase, 12-left support pier, 13-right support pier, 14-pulley, 15-slide rail; 2-counterforce frame device, 211-first cross beam, 212-second cross beam, 213-third cross beam, 214-fourth cross beam, 22-steel beam guide rail, 231-first steel beam, 232-second steel beam, 233-third steel beam, 234-fourth steel beam, 24-supporting rod, 25-stair fixing hole, 26-stair fixing steel rod; 3-load bearing device, 31-load cross beam, 32-load guide rail, 33-telescopic steel column, 34-jack, 35-stair pad; 4-deflection test device, 41-displacement sensor; 5-servo computer, 51-control module, 52-load bearing module, 53-load maintaining module, 54-displacement sensor data receiving module, 55-database, 56-deflection calculation module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The application will be further described in conjunction with the specific drawings.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, a trolley device 1 is provided, which includes a prefabricated staircase 11, a left pier 12 and a right pier 13 arranged below the prefabricated staircase 11 for erecting the prefabricated staircase 11, the right pier 13 being higher than the left pier 12 in height for realizing the ladder-shaped height formed from bottom to top by the prefabricated staircase 11, and a pulley 14 arranged below each of the left pier 12 and the right pier 13, and further including a slide rail 15 cooperating with the pulley 14, the prefabricated staircase 11 erected with the left pier 12 and the right pier 13 can be moved to a suitable position for fixation along the slide rail 15. As described in the background, for the prefabricated staircase 11 erected in the prior art, a manual carrying of each load block 17 to the step surface of the prefabricated staircase 11 is adopted to realize the loading of the load during the performance test of the prefabricated staircase, and the manual carrying of different load blocks 17 according to the load weight required by each grading is needed for the grading loading. The prefabricated staircase is one of the prefabricated components largely used in building engineering projects, and if the manual loading of the load blocks 17 is adopted before the prefabricated staircase enters the site, not only a lot of manpower and time are consumed, and the efficiency is low, but also the loading process cannot realize the completely uniform load. Figure 1 The manual loading of the load blocks 17 consumes too much manpower and time, and the loading process cannot realize the completely uniform load.

[0023] As Figures 1-4 shown, a prefabricated staircase performance test system is provided, which includes Figure 1 The trolley device 1 further includes a counterforce frame device 2, a load holding device 3, and a deflection test device 4.

[0024] As Figures 2-4 shown, the counterforce frame device 2 includes two groups of parallel arranged cross beams arranged in an up-down manner, a first group of parallel arranged cross beams is composed of a first cross beam 211 and a second cross beam 212 arranged in front; a second group of parallel arranged cross beams is composed of a third cross beam 213 and a fourth cross beam 214 arranged in rear, and Figure 2 the third cross beam 213 is coincident in position with the first cross beam 211, and the fourth cross beam 214 is coincident in position with the second cross beam 212; a steel beam guide rail 22 is laid on the bottom surface of the first cross beam 211 and the third cross beam 213 and on the top surface of the second cross beam 212 and the fourth cross beam 214. Two groups of parallel steel beams are arranged in the up-down direction of the two groups of parallel arranged cross beams, a first group of steel beams is composed of a first steel beam 231 and a second steel beam 232 arranged in front and vertically arranged between the first group of parallel arranged cross beams; a second group of steel beams is composed of a third steel beam 233 and a fourth steel beam 234 arranged in rear and vertically arranged between the second group of parallel arranged cross beams; and Figure 2The third steel beam 233 is aligned with the first steel beam 231, and the fourth steel beam 234 is aligned with the second steel beam 232. The first steel beam 231, the second steel beam 232, the third steel beam 233 and the fourth steel beam 234 can all move left and right along the steel beam guide rail 22.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, stair fixing holes 25 are evenly opened on the second steel beam 232 and the fourth steel beam 234, and the stair fixing steel rods 26 are interspersed with the stair fixing holes 25. When the prefabricated stair 11 is pushed to the center position between the second steel beam 232 and the fourth steel beam 234, the right pier 13 originally supporting the prefabricated stair 11 is removed, and two stair fixing steel rods 26 are taken. One end of the stair fixing steel rod 26 is inserted into the second steel beam 232, and the other end is inserted into the body of the prefabricated stair 11 to achieve the fixation of the height and position of the front side of the prefabricated stair 11. Similarly, two more stair fixing steel rods 26 are taken. One end of the stair fixing steel rod 26 is inserted into the fourth steel beam 234, and the other end is inserted into the body of the prefabricated stair 11 to achieve the fixation of the height and position of the rear side of the prefabricated stair 11. After the front and rear sides are fixed, the height and position of the prefabricated stair 11 are fixed, and subsequent inspection work can be carried out in this way. A support rod 24 is further provided between the front and rear sets of parallel beams, which is used to realize the support function of the entire reaction frame device together with the four beams and four steel beams. The number of support rods 24 can be reasonably arranged depending on the required bearing capacity of the prefabricated stairs 11 to be inspected.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the load supporting device 3 includes a load beam 31, and the load beam 31 is erected between the first beam 211 and the third beam 213. A load guide rail 32 is arranged below the load beam 31, and a telescopic steel column 33 is arranged below the load guide rail 32. The telescopic steel column 33 is composed of at least two sections of steel columns, and a jack 34 is arranged at the end of the telescopic steel column 33. The stair platform of the prefabricated stair 11 is paved with a stair pad 35, and the jack 34 is in direct contact with the stair pad 35.

[0027] The deflection testing device 4 includes a displacement sensor 41 with a dial. Three displacement sensors 41 are set on the front and back sides of the prefabricated staircase 11, distributed at the left and right ends and the middle of the prefabricated staircase, for monitoring the change in the maximum deflection value of the prefabricated staircase.

[0028] Optionally, the present application further comprises a servo computer 5, such as Figure 5 As shown, the servo computer 5 includes a control module 51 , a load applying module 52 , a load maintaining module 53 , a displacement sensor data receiving module 54 , a database 55 , and a deflection calculating module 56 .

[0029] Optionally, the servo computer 5 of the present application may adopt the patent publication number CN202627033U, the patent name of which is a computer control system processing unit in a pile foundation static load test system;

[0030] Optionally, the servo computer 5 of the present application can be implemented using the computer controller and software in the pressure testing machine sold on the market by Wuxi Dongyi Manufacturing Technology Co., Ltd.

[0031] Optionally, the application works in the following manner:

[0032] First, push the pulley device 1 into the reaction frame device 2 so that the prefabricated staircase 11 is located at the center of the first beam 211, the second beam 212 in front and the third beam 213, the fourth beam 214 in the rear, remove the right pier 13 set under the prefabricated staircase 11, and use the stair fixing steel rod 26 to intersperse and cooperate with the second steel beam 232, the fourth steel beam 234 and the body of the prefabricated staircase 11 to achieve the fixing of the height and position of the prefabricated staircase 11.

[0033] The product parameters of the prefabricated staircase 11 are shown in Table 1:

[0034]

[0035] (Table 1)

[0036] Secondly, start the servo computer 5 and set the load loading standard in the load support module 52 as follows: when the load is less than the load standard value, the load of each level should not be greater than 20% of the load standard value; when the load is greater than the load standard value, the load of each level should not be greater than 10% of the load standard value; when the load is close to the anti-cracking load value, the load of each level should not be greater than 5% of the load standard value; when the load is close to the bearing capacity load test value, the load of each level should not be greater than 5% of the bearing capacity test load design value; after each level of loading is completed, the load should be maintained for 10-15 minutes; under the action of the load standard value, the load should be maintained for 30 minutes. After the setting is completed, the load support module 52 begins to perform load-grading support on the prefabricated stairs 11 through the jack 34 and the stair pad 35 in direct contact with the jack 34 according to Table 2 below:

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] (Table 2)

[0040] In Table 2, Level 1 is: 0.8 times the quasi-permanent combination value - deadweight = 18.64*0.8-14.88=0.032KN.

[0041] The 2nd level is selected at 1.00 times of the load quasi-permanent combination value and 0.60 times of the bearing capacity design value (including self weight), that is, 18.64*1>31.03*0.6, so the selected load is 18.64KN.

[0042] The 3rd to 16th levels are loaded according to the corresponding multiples (0.7 times to 1.5 times) of the bearing capacity design value 31.03kN.

[0043] The 17th level is 1.55 times of the bearing capacity design value (including self weight), which is the bearing capacity ultimate value (including self weight) 48.10kN. When the load is added to the load standard value of the 17th level in Table 2, the load holding module 53 controls the jack 34 to hold the load for 30 minutes, and the deflection value and crack condition of the inspected precast stair 11 during the load holding are observed.

[0044] The displacement of the step surface of the precast stair 11 in the up-down direction changes under the load of the jack 34, which is collected by the displacement sensor 41 and transmitted to the displacement sensor data receiving module 54. The displacement sensor data receiving module 54 transmits the received data to the database 55 for storage, and the deflection calculation module 56 automatically obtains the deflection of the inspected precast stair by calling the data in the database 55. After the precast stair 11 is loaded in stages, the corresponding measured deflection values of the precast stair in the span are shown in Table 2.

[0045] The deflection calculation formula is set in the deflection calculation module 56, and the calculation formula of the deflection value is as follows:

[0046] a t 0 =a q 0 +a g 0

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] In the formula:

[0050] a t 0 —The measured deflection value of the member in the span under all loads, in millimeters (mm);

[0051] a q 0 —The measured deflection value of the member in the span under the additional test load, in millimeters (mm);

[0052] a g 0— The mid-span deflection value of the component due to its self-weight and the weight of the loading equipment, in millimeters (mm);

[0053] v m 0 — The measured displacement value of the component at the mid-span under the applied test load, in millimeters (mm);

[0054] v1 0 , v t 0 — The measured settlement value of the left and right end supports of the component under the applied test load, in millimeters (mm);

[0055] M g — The mid-span bending moment value of the component due to its self-weight and the weight of the loading equipment, in kilo-newton-meters (kN·m);

[0056] M b — The mid-span bending moment value generated by the applied load from the start of the applied test load to the previous load before the component cracks, in kilo-newton-meters (kN·m);

[0057] a b 0 — The mid-span deflection value generated by the applied load from the start of the applied test load to the previous load before the component cracks, in millimeters (mm).

[0058] Deflection detection should meet the following requirements:

[0059] a 0 ≤ 1.2a c

[0060] a 0 — The measured deflection value of the component under the quasi-permanent combined value of the test load;

[0061] a c — The short-term deflection calculation value of the component determined according to the actual reinforcement under the quasi-permanent combined value of the test load, determined according to GB50010.

[0062] Table Three below is the final detection result obtained after the precast stair 11 described in Table One is subjected to the graded load loading described in Table Two:

[0063]

[0064] (Table Three)

[0065] It can be seen from Table 3 that the measured bearing capacity of the prefabricated stair 11 described in Table 1 is 48.10 kN, which is equal to the design requirement of the bearing capacity index 48.10 kN, the measured bearing capacity ≥ the design requirement, that is, it meets the standard requirement; the measured deflection value is 2.52 mm, which is less than the design requirement of the deflection index 5.46 mm, the measured deflection value ≤ the design requirement, that is, it meets the standard requirement, so it can be seen that the detection performance of the prefabricated stair 11 corresponding to the test in Table 3 is qualified and can enter the work site.

[0066] Finally, by analogy, the performance of the prefabricated stair 11 to be tested is automatically detected by the above method. After the detection is completed, the first steel beam 231, the second steel beam 232, the third steel beam 233 and the fourth steel beam 234 in the counterforce frame device are manually moved to any side of the entire system along the steel beam guide rail 22; the telescopic steel column 33 connected with the jack 34 is manually moved to any side of the entire system along the load guide rail 32; then the prefabricated stair 11 that has been detected is pushed away, and the right pier 13 is reinstalled, and thus the operation of the entire test system is completed, and the next time it is started for use.

[0067] In the above embodiment, by connecting the load holding device 3 with the servo computer 5, automatic grading loading operation of the prefabricated stair is achieved. This mode completely abandons the backward mode of relying on manual loading of weight blocks, not only greatly improves the loading efficiency, but also accurately obtains the bearing capacity data of the prefabricated stair to be tested, providing more reliable and accurate basis for stair quality evaluation.

[0068] Meanwhile, in the grading loading process, the servo computer 5 can synchronously receive the displacement change parameters monitored by the displacement sensor 41. Through calculation, the deflection value of the prefabricated stair to be tested can be automatically and accurately calculated, effectively avoiding errors and tedious operations that may be caused by manual calculation, and further improving the accuracy and scientificity of the detection data.

[0069] The above content is a further detailed description of the present application in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and cannot be regarded as limiting the specific implementation of the present application to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A prefabricated staircase performance test system, characterized by: The invention comprises a reaction frame device (2), a load support device (3) and a deflection test device (4), wherein the reaction frame device (2) provides support required for the test of the prefabricated staircase to be tested, and the load support device (3) is connected to the reaction frame device (2) and is used to apply different levels of load to the prefabricated staircase to be tested; The deflection testing device (4) is arranged at the prefabricated staircase to be tested and is used to monitor the deflection value of the prefabricated staircase after the load is applied; The reaction frame device (2) comprises two groups of parallel beams arranged upper and lower, and the prefabricated staircase to be tested is moved and fixed in the central spatial position of the two groups of parallel beams; the two groups of parallel beams are respectively a first beam (211) and a second beam (212); a third beam (213) and a fourth beam (214); steel beam guide rails (22) are laid on the bottom surfaces of the first beam (211) and the third beam (213) and the top surfaces of the second beam (212) and the fourth beam (214); at least two steel beams are arranged between the upper and lower positions of each group of parallel beams, and the steel beams can move along the steel beam guide rails (22).

2. A prefabricated staircase performance test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a pulley device (1), wherein the pulley device (1) includes a prefabricated staircase (11), a left buttress (12) and a right buttress (13) arranged below the prefabricated staircase (11) for erecting the prefabricated staircase (11), a pulley (14) being arranged below the left buttress (12) and the right buttress (13), and a slide rail (15), wherein the pulley (14) can move the prefabricated staircase (11) erected by the left buttress (12) and the right buttress (13) along the slide rail (15) to a suitable position.

3. A prefabricated staircase performance test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steel beams are provided with four pieces, including a first steel beam (231) and a second steel beam (232) installed in parallel between the upper and lower positions of the first crossbeam (211) and the second crossbeam (212), and a third steel beam (233) and a fourth steel beam (234) installed in parallel between the upper and lower positions of the third crossbeam (213) and the fourth crossbeam (214); a support rod (24) is further provided between the two sets of parallel crossbeams installed in the upper and lower positions; the second steel beam (232) and the fourth steel beam (234) are provided with stair fixing holes (25) and stair fixing holes (25) inserted therein. Staircase fixing steel rod (26); one end of the staircase fixing steel rod (26) inserted into the staircase fixing hole (25) on the second steel beam (232) is mounted on the second steel beam (232), and the other end is inserted into the prefabricated staircase (11) body, thereby fixing the height and position of one side of the prefabricated staircase (11); one end of the staircase fixing steel rod (26) inserted into the staircase fixing hole (25) on the fourth steel beam (234) is mounted on the fourth steel beam (234), and the other end is inserted into the prefabricated staircase (11) body, thereby fixing the height and position of the other side of the prefabricated staircase (11).

4. A prefabricated staircase performance test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The load supporting device (3) comprises a load beam (31), a load guide rail (32) arranged below the load beam (31), a telescopic steel column (33) arranged below the load guide rail (32), and a jack (34) arranged at the end of the telescopic steel column (33). A stair pad (35) is laid on the stair platform of the prefabricated staircase (11), and the jack (34) is in direct contact with the stair pad (35).

5. The prefabricated staircase performance test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deflection testing device (4) comprises a displacement sensor (41) with a dial.

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