Photovoltaic tile and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic assembly. The photovoltaic tile comprises a laminated assembly and a second back plate, the laminated assembly comprises a front plate, a battery piece and a first back plate, and the battery piece is located between the front plate and the first back plate; and the second back plate is a metal plate, is positioned on one side, deviating from the battery piece, of the first back plate, and is in adhesive connection or laminated connection with the laminated assembly. According to the photovoltaic tile provided by the embodiment of the invention, the lamination assembly and the second back plate are in adhesive connection or secondary lamination, so that the second back plate made of a metal material is not liable to generate thermal deformation, and the problem of warping of the surface of the photovoltaic tile is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, and more specifically, to a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic tiles are devices that convert solar energy into electricity. The cells in these tiles absorb light and convert it into electricity. To protect the cells, plastic sheets and encapsulating film are typically placed on the front and back of the tiles, along with a metal backsheet for structural strength. These tiles are typically installed outdoors, where they are susceptible to thermal deformation due to factors such as climate and sunlight. However, the significant difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the metal backsheet and the plastic sheet can easily lead to warping. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of the present utility model provide a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic module.

[0004] The photovoltaic tile of the embodiment of the present application includes a laminate assembly and a second backplane, the laminate assembly includes a front panel, a battery cell and a first backplane, the battery cell is located between the front panel and the first backplane; the second backplane is a metal plate, the second backplane is located on the side of the first backplane away from the battery cell, and the second backplane is adhesively connected or laminated to the laminate assembly.

[0005] The photovoltaic tiles of the embodiment of the present application are adhesively connected or secondary laminated through a laminate assembly including a front panel, a battery cell and a first front panel with a second back panel, so that the second back panel made of metal is not prone to thermal deformation, thereby solving the problem of warping of the photovoltaic tile surface.

[0006] In certain embodiments, the laminate assembly includes a weather-resistant layer, wherein the weather-resistant layer is light-transmissive and is located on a side of the front plate facing away from the solar cell.

[0007] In certain embodiments, the laminate assembly includes a cutoff layer for blocking light in the 10-400 nm wavelength range and transmitting visible light, and the cutoff layer is located on at least one of the two side surfaces of the front plate along the thickness direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the laminate assembly further includes a weather-resistant layer, which is located on the side of the front plate facing away from the battery cell. The cut-off layer includes a first cut-off layer and a second cut-off layer, wherein the first cut-off layer is located between the weather-resistant layer and the front plate, and the second cut-off layer is located between the front plate and the battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments, the laminate assembly includes a waterproof layer, which is disposed between the battery cell and the first backplane, and the waterproof layer is a waterproof plastic film.

[0010] In some embodiments, the waterproof layer has a water vapor transmission rate of at most 0.7 g / sq.m / day.

[0011] In some embodiments, the front plate and the first back plate are plastic plates, and the thickness of the front plate and the first back plate ranges from 0.41 to 0.75 mm.

[0012] In some embodiments, the solar cell is located within the projection range of the first back plate and the front plate along the thickness direction on the plane of the solar cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, at least one side edge of the second back plate is beyond the projection range of the laminated assembly along the thickness direction on the second back plate.

[0014] The photovoltaic module of the embodiments of the present application comprises a plurality of the photovoltaic tiles as described above, and the plurality of the photovoltaic tiles are electrically connected.

[0015] The additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of the photovoltaic tile of the embodiments of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the photovoltaic tile of the embodiments of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the photovoltaic tile of the embodiments of the present application.

[0020] Explanation of Reference Signs:

[0021] 100 - photovoltaic tile; 110 - laminated assembly; 10 - solar cell; 101 - front side; 102 - back side; 20 - front plate; 30 - first back plate; 40 - weather-resistant layer; 50 - cutoff layer; 51 - first cutoff layer; 52 - second cutoff layer; 60 - waterproof layer; 120 - second back plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar notations represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary only, and are used only for explaining the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0023] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "over" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "underneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0024] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, the present application can repeatedly refer to numbers and / or letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, which itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those skilled in the art can realize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0025] In the related art, the photovoltaic tile is usually a laminated structure, the bottom layer of the photovoltaic tile can be provided with a metal back plate to provide structural support, and a plastic plate, a film and the like are arranged inside the photovoltaic tile to provide buffering, insulation, weather resistance protection, and a plurality of layers of plastic plate, film, cell piece and metal bottom plate are integrally pressed and formed, but the thermal deformation properties of plastic and metal are quite different, which easily causes the photovoltaic tile to appear obvious deformation such as warping, and further affects the photoelectric conversion function of the cell piece and the structural stability of the photovoltaic module as a whole.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The photovoltaic tile 100 of the embodiment of the present application comprises a laminated assembly 110 and a second back plate 120, the laminated assembly 110 comprises a front plate 20, a cell piece 10 and a first back plate 30, the cell piece 10 is located between the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30; the second back plate 120 is a metal plate, the second back plate 120 is located on the side of the first back plate 30 away from the cell piece 10, and the second back plate 120 is adhesively connected or laminatedly connected with the laminated assembly 110.

[0027] The photovoltaic tile 100 of the embodiment of the present application is connected by adhesive or secondary lamination with the second back plate 120 through the laminated assembly 110 including the front plate 20, the cell sheet 10 and the first back plate 30, so that the second back plate 120 made of metal material is not prone to thermal deformation, thereby solving the problem of warping of the photovoltaic tile 100.

[0028] Specifically, the photovoltaic tile 100 can be applied to building surfaces or outdoor flat ground, for example, the photovoltaic tile 100 can be laid on roofs, walls or street lamps and other public facilities, for example, the photovoltaic tile 100 can also be laid in a large area to build a photovoltaic power generation base.

[0029] The photovoltaic tile 100 is in the form of a flat plate, and each layer structure in the laminated assembly 110 and the second back plate 120 are also in the form of a flat plate. The cell sheet 10 is used to convert light energy into electrical energy. The cell sheet 10 can be a crystalline silicon cell manufactured by using Perc (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell), Topcon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) or HJT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-film) technology, or can be a perovskite cell.

[0030] The photovoltaic tile 100 is usually laid with the front plate 20 on top and the second back plate 120 on the bottom, and the side surface of the cell sheet 10 facing the front plate 20 is the light-receiving surface, so the stack above the cell sheet 10 in the laminated assembly has light-transmitting property. For ease of description, the present embodiment defines the two sides in the thickness direction of the cell sheet 10 as the front side 101 and the back side 102 of the photovoltaic tile 100, respectively, the front plate 20 is located on the front side 101, and the first back plate 30 and the second back plate 120 are located on the back side 102.

[0031] Optionally, the front plate 20 can be a plastic plate with good light-transmitting property, compared with a glass front plate 20, the use of a plastic plate for the front plate 20 can reduce weight and improve impact resistance. For example, the front plate 20 can be a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate.

[0032] Optionally, the first back plate 30 is a lightweight plastic plate or a composite material plate, which plays a buffering and insulation protection role while reducing weight.

[0033] Optionally, the second back plate 120 is an aluminum or aluminum alloy plate, a color steel plate, an aluminum-zinc plated plate, a zinc plated plate, etc.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2In some embodiments, the laminated assembly 110 further comprises a weather layer 40, which is transparent and is located on the side of the front plate 20 facing away from the solar cell 10. In this way, the weather layer 40 covers the surface of the photovoltaic tile 100, thereby improving the weather resistance of the photovoltaic tile 100.

[0035] Specifically, the weather layer 40 is located on the side of the front plate 20 facing away from the solar cell 10 and can cover the surface of the photovoltaic tile 100 on the front side 101 contacting the external environment. The weather layer 40 can be a fluoroplastic film, for example, the weather layer 40 can be an ETFE (ethylene-tetra-fluoro-ethylene copolymer), PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride) or PVF (fluoroethylene homopolymer) film. The fluoroplastic film has strong resistance to ultraviolet radiation, wind and sand abrasion, and weather resistance. Alternatively, the thickness of the weather layer 40 ranges from 20 to 40 μm.

[0036] Referring to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the laminated assembly 110 further comprises a cut-off layer 50 for blocking light in the wavelength range of 10-400 nm and transmitting visible light, and the cut-off layer 50 is located on at least one of the two sides of the front plate 20 in the thickness direction. In this way, the cut-off layer 50 blocks ultraviolet light, thereby reducing the ultraviolet radiation entering the interior of the photovoltaic tile 100 and slowing down the embrittlement and discoloration of the plastic components such as the front plate 20.

[0037] Specifically, the cut-off layer 50 can be a film made of POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) as the main material, which can effectively cut off ultraviolet light while firmly bonding with the front plate 20. In addition, the POE film also has good waterproof performance, which can prevent the hydrolysis of the PET-made front plate 20 to a certain extent and block the water vapor from corroding the solar cell 10, thereby reducing the power loss of the solar cell 10.

[0038] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the laminated assembly 110 further comprises a weather layer 40 located on the side surface of the front plate 20 facing away from the solar cell 10, and the cut-off layer 50 comprises a first cut-off layer 51 and a second cut-off layer 52, the first cut-off layer 51 is located between the weather layer 40 and the front plate 20, and the second cut-off layer 52 is located between the front plate 20 and the solar cell 10. In this way, the first cut-off layer 51 and the second cut-off layer 52 block ultraviolet light from entering the interior of the photovoltaic tile 100, and the weather layer 40 is located outside the first cut-off layer 51, thereby enhancing the ultraviolet radiation resistance and weather resistance of the photovoltaic tile 100, slowing down aging, and thereby improving the service life of the photovoltaic tile 100.

[0039] Specifically, the first and second cut-off layers 51 and 52 are both high cut-off POE films made of POE as the main material. The first cut-off layer 51 can also bond the weather-resistant layer 40 and the front plate 20, and the second cut-off layer 52 can bond the front plate 20 and the solar cell 10, thereby improving the structural stability inside the photovoltaic tile 100.

[0040] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the laminated assembly 110 includes a waterproof layer 60 disposed between the solar cell 10 and the first back plate 30, and the waterproof layer 60 is a waterproof plastic film. In this way, the waterproof layer 60 blocks water vapor from corroding the solar cell 10 and the first back plate 30, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic tile 100 on the back side 102.

[0041] Specifically, the waterproof layer 60 can be a POE film. The waterproof layer 60 can also bond the solar cell 10 and the first back plate 30, thereby improving the structural stability.

[0042] In some embodiments, the waterproof layer 60 has a water vapor transmission rate of at most 0.7 g / sq.m / day. In this way, the water vapor transmission rate of the waterproof layer 60 is in a relatively low range, which can effectively block water vapor from corroding the solar cell 10, thereby helping to avoid or slow down the power decay of the solar cell 10. Specifically, the water vapor transmission rate of the POE film is lower than that of the EVA film and the PVB film commonly used in the prior art. For example, the waterproof layer 60 is a POE film, and the water vapor transmission rate is 0.7 g / sq.m / day.

[0043] In some embodiments, the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 are plastic plates, and the thickness of the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 ranges from 0.41 mm to 0.75 mm (inclusive). In this way, the relatively thick plastic plates are used as the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30, thereby improving the impact resistance of the photovoltaic tile 100.

[0044] Specifically, the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 can be made of PET, and the thickness of the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 can be the same or different. For example, the thickness of the front plate 20 (or the first back plate 30) can be 0.41 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.54 mm, 0.57 mm, 0.61 mm, 0.63 mm, or 0.75 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 is 0.58 mm.

[0045] Referring to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the solar cell 10 is located within the projection range of the first back plate 30 and the front plate 20 along the thickness direction on the plane where the solar cell 10 is located. In this way, the first back plate 30 and the front plate 20 can completely cover the front and back surfaces 102 of the solar cell 10, thereby providing sufficient protection.

[0046] Specifically, the geometric centers of the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 are projected onto the battery cell 10 in the thickness direction and coincide with the geometric center of the outer contour of the battery cell 10. The front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 have the same shape as the battery cell 10, and the sizes of the first back plate 30 and the front plate 20 are slightly larger than or equal to the sizes of the same-side edges of the battery cell 10, so that the edges of the first back plate 30 and the front plate 20 extend beyond the same-side edges of the battery cell 10 or are flush with the edges of the battery cell 10.

[0047] Optionally, projections of the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 along the thickness direction on the plane where the battery cell 10 is located overlap with each other.

[0048] See also Figure 3 Optionally, the projections of the cutoff layer 50 and the weather-resistant film along the thickness direction onto the plane of the cell 10 overlap with the projections of the front panel 20. In this way, the cutoff layer 50 and the weather-resistant film completely cover the front side 101 of the photovoltaic tile 100, fully protecting the internal structure of the photovoltaic tile 100.

[0049] Optionally, the projection of the waterproof layer 60 along the thickness direction onto the plane where the cell 10 lies overlaps with the projection of the first backsheet 30. That is, the waterproof layer 60 completely covers the surface of the first backsheet 30 facing the cell 10, and the edge of the waterproof layer 60 is at least flush with or partially extends beyond the edge of the cell 10. This effectively blocks water vapor and promotes stable bonding.

[0050] Exemplarily, the battery cell 10, the front plate 20, and the first back plate 30 are all square flat plates, the long sides of the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 are on the same side as the long sides of the battery cell 10, the short sides of the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 are on the same side as the short sides of the battery cell 10, and the long sides of the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 are longer than the long sides of the battery cell 10, and the short sides of the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 are also longer than the short sides of the battery cell 10.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cutoff layer 50 and the weather-resistant film are square films having the same size as the front plate 20 , and the waterproof layer 60 is a square film having the same size as the first back plate 30 .

[0052] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, at least one side edge of the second backsheet 120 extends beyond the projection of the laminate assembly 110 along the thickness direction onto the second backsheet 120. Thus, space is reserved at the edge of the second backsheet 120 to facilitate overlapping of the photovoltaic tile 100 with adjacent photovoltaic tiles 100 during installation.

[0053] Specifically, the shape of the second back plate 120 matches the outline shape of the projection of the laminated assembly 110. For example, the projection of the laminated assembly 110 is square, the second back plate 120 can be a square sheet with both length and width greater than the outline of the projection of the laminated assembly 110, and the long side of the second back plate 120 is on the same side as the long side of the outline of the projection of the laminated assembly 110, and the short side of the second back plate 120 is on the same side as the short side of the outline of the projection of the laminated assembly 110. For another example, the projection of the laminated assembly 110 is square, the long side of the second back plate 120 is on the same side as the long side of the outline of the projection of the laminated assembly 110 and has the same size, and the short side of the second back plate 120 is on the same side as the short side of the outline of the projection of the laminated assembly 110 and has a length greater than the size of the short side of the outline of the projection of the laminated assembly 110.

[0054] In some embodiments, the laminated assembly 110 comprises, in sequence, a weather layer 40, a first cut-off layer 51, a front plate 20, a second cut-off layer 52, a cell sheet 10, a waterproof layer 60, and a first back plate 30, which are laminated and integrally pressed once, wherein the weather layer 40 is a fluorine-containing adhesive film, the first cut-off layer 51 and the second cut-off layer 52 are high-cut POE adhesive films, the waterproof layer 60 is a POE adhesive film, and the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 are thickened PET plates. The laminated assembly 110 is secondarily pressed with the second back plate 120 to form an integrated photovoltaic tile 100.

[0055] In some embodiments, the laminated assembly 110 comprises, in sequence, a weather layer 40, a first cut-off layer 51, a front plate 20, a second cut-off layer 52, a cell sheet 10, a waterproof layer 60, and a first back plate 30, which are laminated and integrally pressed once, wherein the weather layer 40 is a fluorine-containing adhesive film, the first cut-off layer 51 and the second cut-off layer 52 are high-cut POE adhesive films, the waterproof layer 60 is a POE adhesive film, and the front plate 20 and the first back plate 30 are thickened PET plates. The laminated assembly 110 is secondarily pressed with the second back plate 120 to form an integrated photovoltaic tile 100.

[0056] The photovoltaic assembly (not shown in the figure) of the embodiments of the present application comprises a plurality of photovoltaic tiles 100, and the plurality of photovoltaic tiles 100 are electrically connected. In this way, the electrical connection of the plurality of photovoltaic tiles 100 can improve the power generation of the photovoltaic assembly.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second" are only used for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0058] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0059] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tile, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tile comprises: a laminate assembly comprising a front sheet, a battery cell, and a first back sheet, wherein the battery cell is located between the front sheet and the first back sheet; and The second backplane is a metal plate, and is located on a side of the first backplane away from the battery cell. The second backplane is adhesively or laminatedly connected to the laminate assembly.

2. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminate assembly includes a weather-resistant layer, which is light-transmissive and located on a side of the front plate facing away from the battery cell.

3. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminate assembly includes a cutoff layer, which is used to block light in the 10-400 nm wavelength band and transmit visible light. The cutoff layer is located on at least one of the two side surfaces of the front plate along the thickness direction.

4. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laminate assembly also includes a weather-resistant layer, which is located on the side of the front plate facing away from the battery cell. The cut-off layer includes a first cut-off layer and a second cut-off layer, the first cut-off layer is located between the weather-resistant layer and the front plate, and the second cut-off layer is located between the front plate and the battery cell.

5. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminate assembly includes a waterproof layer, which is arranged between the battery cell and the first back plate. The waterproof layer is a waterproof plastic film.

6. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water vapor permeability of the waterproof layer is at most 0.7 g / sq.m / day.

7. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front plate and the first back plate are plastic plates, and the thickness of the front plate and the first back plate ranges from 0.41 to 0.75 mm.

8. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell is located within a projection range of the first back plate and the front plate along the thickness direction on the plane where the battery cell is located.

9. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one side edge of the second backplane exceeds a projection range of the laminate assembly on the second backplane along the thickness direction.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tiles according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are electrically connected.

Images