Carbon dioxide capturing device adopting solid absorbing material
By using a solid absorbent material device with three sets of absorption towers and pneumatic control valves, CO2 is captured by activated carbon modified with activated N-methyldiethanolamine, which solves the problems of complexity and high cost of existing CO2 capture devices and achieves efficient and low-cost CO2 capture.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422083206.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing CO2 capture devices have problems such as complex process systems, large equipment investment and high operating costs.
A solid absorbent material device employing three sets of absorption towers and pneumatic control valves utilizes activated carbon modified with activated N-methyldiethanolamine for CO2 adsorption-regeneration-drying cycle, capturing CO2 by chemically reacting the amino groups with CO2 to generate amine carbonates or amine bicarbonates.
It achieves CO2 capture with low equipment investment, simple system, high separation efficiency and low operating cost, and is suitable for high carbon emission fields such as thermal power, cement, steel, metallurgy and coal chemical industry, with broad application prospects.
Smart Images
Figure CN223454024U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of gas purification, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide capturing device adopting solid absorption materials. BACKGROUND
[0002] Common CO2 capturing methods include amine liquid absorption method, pressure swing adsorption method and organic membrane separation method. The amine liquid absorption method adopts liquid solvents to absorb and desorb CO2, amine liquid is circulated in the absorption tower and the regeneration tower through an amine liquid pump, and the method can be applied to occasions with high CO2 concentration (greater than 0.5%) but has the defects of complex process system, large equipment investment, high operation cost and high waste liquid treatment cost; the pressure swing adsorption method adopts solid adsorbents to adsorb CO2 in mixed gas and is only suitable for occasions with low CO2 concentration (less than 0.5%); the organic membrane separation method separates CO2 by using hollow fiber membranes under high pressure and can be applied to occasions with high CO2 concentration (greater than 0.5%), and has the advantages of less equipment investment and simple process system, but has high operation and maintenance cost, so the above carbon dioxide capturing devices have more or less defects. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to solve the defects of complex process system, large equipment investment and high operation cost in the development of the CO2 capturing system in the prior art, and to provide a carbon dioxide capturing device adopting solid absorption materials.
[0004] The utility model adopts the technical scheme that
[0005] A carbon dioxide capturing device adopting solid absorption materials, comprising three groups of absorption equipment groups, each group of absorption equipment groups comprising an absorption tower, an exhaust pipe line and an air inlet pipe line, the air inlet pipe line comprising a carbon dioxide air inlet pipe, a high-temperature water vapor air inlet pipe, a nitrogen air inlet pipe, a pneumatic control valve one and a pneumatic control valve two, the carbon dioxide air inlet pipe being in communication with an entering end of the absorption tower, the pneumatic control valve one being in communication with the high-temperature water vapor air inlet pipe and the carbon dioxide air inlet pipe, the pneumatic control valve two being in communication with the high-temperature water vapor air inlet pipe and the nitrogen air inlet pipe, the carbon dioxide air inlet pipes being in communication with each other, the high-temperature water vapor air inlet pipes being in communication with each other, and the nitrogen air inlet pipes being in communication with each other;
[0006] The exhaust pipeline comprises a carbon dioxide return pipeline, a high-temperature water vapor return pipeline, a nitrogen return pipeline, a pneumatic control valve three and a pneumatic control valve four, the carbon dioxide return pipeline is communicated with the exhaust end of the absorption tower, the pneumatic control valve three communicates the carbon dioxide return pipeline and the high-temperature water vapor return pipeline, the pneumatic control valve four communicates the high-temperature water vapor return pipeline and the nitrogen return pipeline, the carbon dioxide return pipelines are communicated with each other, the high-temperature water vapor return pipelines are communicated with each other, and the nitrogen return pipelines are communicated with each other; the carbon dioxide return pipeline, the high-temperature water vapor return pipeline and the nitrogen return pipeline are communicated with corresponding carbon dioxide inlet pipelines, high-temperature water vapor inlet pipelines and nitrogen inlet pipelines respectively; the absorption tower is filled with activated carbon coated with activated N-methyldiethanolamine, and the outer surface of the activated carbon is coated with an amino group.
[0007] Further, the actuators of the pneumatic control valve one, the pneumatic control valve two, the pneumatic control valve three and the pneumatic control valve four are two-position three-way valve structures, and the actuators are driven by pressurized air.
[0008] Further, the system further comprises a controller, the controller controls the pneumatic control valve one, the pneumatic control valve two, the pneumatic control valve three and the pneumatic control valve four through a time logic control program, and realizes the gas path switching of the carbon dioxide inlet pipeline, the high-temperature water vapor inlet pipeline, the nitrogen inlet pipeline, the carbon dioxide return pipeline, the high-temperature water vapor return pipeline and the nitrogen return pipeline, that is, realizes the gas path switching of the high-concentration CO2 gas, the high-temperature water vapor and the normal-temperature dry nitrogen.
[0009] The application has the following beneficial effects:
[0010] The activated carbon is coated with activated N-methyldiethanolamine containing a large number of amino (-NH2) groups on the porous surface, the groups can chemically react with CO2 to generate amine carbonate or amine bicarbonate, so that the CO2 is fixed.
[0011] The system has the advantages of small equipment investment, simple system, high separation efficiency and low operation cost, effectively solves the problems in the prior art, can be widely applied to high-carbon emission fields such as thermal power, cement, steel, metallurgy and coal chemical industry, has wide application prospect and development potential, and becomes one of important means for solving global warming. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0012] The technical scheme of the application will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of an absorption equipment group in the embodiment of the application;
[0014] In the drawings, the reference signs are as follows:
[0015] 10, absorption equipment group, 11, absorption tower, 12, exhaust pipeline, 121, carbon dioxide back gas pipe, 122, high temperature water vapor back gas pipe, 123, nitrogen back gas pipe, 124, pneumatic control valve three, 125, pneumatic control valve four, 13, gas inlet pipeline, 131, carbon dioxide inlet pipe, 132, high temperature water vapor inlet pipe, 133, nitrogen inlet pipe, 134, pneumatic control valve one, 135, pneumatic control valve two, 14, activated carbon, 15, controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0017] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements inside. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0018] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements inside. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0019] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments. EMBODIMENT
[0020] The embodiment provides a carbon dioxide capturing device using solid absorption material, which comprises three groups of absorption equipment groups 10, each of which comprises an absorption tower 11 (first absorption tower 01, second absorption tower 02 and third absorption tower 03), an exhaust pipeline 12 and an air inlet pipeline 13, the air inlet pipeline 13 comprises a carbon dioxide air inlet pipeline 131, a high-temperature water vapor air inlet pipeline 132, a nitrogen air inlet pipeline 133, a pneumatic control valve one 134 and a pneumatic control valve two 135, the carbon dioxide air inlet pipeline 131 is communicated with the inlet end of the absorption tower 11, the pneumatic control valve one 134 is communicated with the high-temperature water vapor air inlet pipeline 132 and the carbon dioxide air inlet pipeline 131, the pneumatic control valve two 135 is communicated with the high-temperature water vapor air inlet pipeline 132 and the nitrogen air inlet pipeline 133, and the carbon dioxide air inlet pipeline 131, the high-temperature water vapor air inlet pipeline 132 and the nitrogen air inlet pipeline 133 are communicated with each other.
[0021] The exhaust pipeline 12 comprises a carbon dioxide back gas pipeline 121, a high-temperature water vapor back gas pipeline 122, a nitrogen back gas pipeline 123, a pneumatic control valve three 124 and a pneumatic control valve four 125, the carbon dioxide back gas pipeline 121 is communicated with the exhaust end of the absorption tower 11, the pneumatic control valve three 124 is communicated with the carbon dioxide back gas pipeline 121 and the high-temperature water vapor back gas pipeline 122, the pneumatic control valve four 125 is communicated with the high-temperature water vapor back gas pipeline 122 and the nitrogen back gas pipeline 123, and the carbon dioxide back gas pipeline 121, the high-temperature water vapor back gas pipeline 122 and the nitrogen back gas pipeline 123 are communicated with each other; the carbon dioxide back gas pipeline 121, the high-temperature water vapor back gas pipeline 122 and the nitrogen back gas pipeline 123 are communicated with the corresponding carbon dioxide air inlet pipeline 131, high-temperature water vapor air inlet pipeline 132 and nitrogen air inlet pipeline 133 respectively; the absorption tower 11 is filled with activated N-methyldiethanolamine activated carbon 14, and the outer surface of the activated carbon 14 is coated with an amino group; the absorption tower 11 adopts a vertical or horizontal structure, and preferably, the absorption tower 11 adopts a vertical cylindrical structure, the solid absorption material filled in the interior is activated N-methyldiethanolamine activated carbon, which has a unique pore structure and a large specific surface area and is coated with activated N-methyldiethanolamine activated carbon containing a large number of amino (-NH2) groups. In the coating process, the amino (-NH2) group reacts chemically with the surface hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of the porous activated carbon, so as to be firmly attached to the surface of the carbon material.
[0022] The actuator of the pneumatic control valve one 134, the pneumatic control valve two 135, the pneumatic control valve three 124 and the pneumatic control valve four 125 is a two-position three-way valve structure, and the actuator is driven by air under pressure.
[0023] As an embodiment of the utility model, in addition to the above structure, the controller 15 controls the pneumatic control valve one 134, the pneumatic control valve two 135, the pneumatic control valve three 124 and the pneumatic control valve four 125 through time logic control program, realizes the gas path switching of carbon dioxide inlet pipe 131, high-temperature water vapor inlet pipe 132, nitrogen inlet pipe 133, carbon dioxide back gas pipe 121, high-temperature water vapor back gas pipe 122 and nitrogen back gas pipe 123, that is, realizes the gas path switching of high-concentration CO2 gas, high-temperature water vapor and normal-temperature dry nitrogen.
[0024] The utility model is in using when:
[0025] Three groups of absorption equipment groups include three groups of absorption towers, six groups of pneumatic control valves and controllers, and the absorption tower is filled with solid absorption material. The gas containing high-concentration CO2 first enters the first absorption tower 01, and the amino (-NH2) group on the surface of the solid absorption material reacts with CO2 to generate amine carbonate or amine bicarbonate, thereby fixing CO2. When the solid absorption material in the first absorption tower 01 reaches the absorption saturation state, the pneumatic control valve one, two and the pneumatic control valve three and four cut off the high-concentration CO2 gas, open the high-temperature water vapor of 110 DEG C, enter the first absorption tower 01 and heat the solid absorption material, and the amine carbonate or amine bicarbonate decomposes into amino (-NH2) group and CO2 after heating. After high-purity CO2 is discharged from the first absorption tower 01, it is prepared into liquid carbon dioxide and used as chemical raw material. When the solid absorption material is regenerated, dry nitrogen at normal temperature enters the first absorption tower 01 and dries and blows the solid absorption material.
[0026] When the solid absorption material in the first absorption tower 01 reaches the absorption saturation state, the pneumatic control valve one, two and the pneumatic control valve three and four open the high-concentration CO2 gas, that is, the carbon dioxide inlet pipe and the carbon dioxide exhaust pipe, and enter the second absorption tower 02 for adsorption. At the same time, the solid absorption material in the second absorption tower 02 is in the regeneration state. When the solid absorption material in the second absorption tower 02 reaches the absorption saturation state, the pneumatic control valve one, two and the pneumatic control valve three and four open the high-concentration CO2 gas and enter the third absorption tower 03 for adsorption. At the same time, the solid absorption material in the first absorption tower 01 is in the dry cooling state, and the solid absorption material in the second absorption tower 02 is in the regeneration state. When the solid absorption material in the third absorption tower 03 reaches the absorption saturation state, the high-concentration CO2 gas enters the first absorption tower 01 again. The first absorption tower 01, the second absorption tower 02 and the third absorption tower 03 complete the absorption-regeneration-drying cycle of CO2.
[0027] With the above ideal embodiments according to the present application as the inspiration, through the above description, relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without deviating from the scope of the technical idea of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the content of the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims
1. A carbon dioxide capture device employing a solid absorbent material, characterized by, The absorption equipment group includes three groups of absorption equipment groups, each of which includes an absorption tower, an exhaust pipeline and an intake pipeline, the intake pipeline includes a carbon dioxide intake pipeline, a high-temperature water vapor intake pipeline, a nitrogen intake pipeline, a pneumatic control valve one and a pneumatic control valve two, the carbon dioxide intake pipeline is communicated with the intake end of the absorption tower, the pneumatic control valve one is communicated with the high-temperature water vapor intake pipeline and the carbon dioxide intake pipeline, the pneumatic control valve two is communicated with the high-temperature water vapor intake pipeline and the nitrogen intake pipeline, the carbon dioxide intake pipelines are communicated with each other, the high-temperature water vapor intake pipelines are communicated with each other, and the nitrogen intake pipelines are communicated with each other; the exhaust pipeline includes a carbon dioxide return pipeline, a high-temperature water vapor return pipeline, a nitrogen return pipeline, a pneumatic control valve three and a pneumatic control valve four, the carbon dioxide return pipeline is communicated with the exhaust end of the absorption tower, the pneumatic control valve three is communicated with the carbon dioxide return pipeline and the high-temperature water vapor return pipeline, the pneumatic control valve four is communicated with the high-temperature water vapor return pipeline and the nitrogen return pipeline, the carbon dioxide return pipelines are communicated with each other, the high-temperature water vapor return pipelines are communicated with each other, and the nitrogen return pipelines are communicated with each other; the carbon dioxide return pipeline, the high-temperature water vapor return pipeline and the nitrogen return pipeline are respectively communicated with the corresponding carbon dioxide intake pipeline, high-temperature water vapor intake pipeline and nitrogen intake pipeline; the absorption tower is filled with activated carbon with activated N-methyldiethanolamine, and the outer surface of the activated carbon is coated with an amino group.
2. The carbon dioxide capture device employing a solid absorbent material according to claim 1, wherein, The actuator of the pneumatic control valve one, the pneumatic control valve two, the pneumatic control valve three and the pneumatic control valve four is a two-position three-way valve structure, and the actuator is driven by compressed air.
3. A carbon dioxide capture device employing a solid absorbent material according to claim 2, wherein, A controller is further included, which controls the pneumatic control valve one, the pneumatic control valve two, the pneumatic control valve three and the pneumatic control valve four through a time logic control program to realize the switching of the gas circuits of the carbon dioxide intake pipeline, the high-temperature water vapor intake pipeline, the nitrogen intake pipeline, the carbon dioxide return pipeline, the high-temperature water vapor return pipeline and the nitrogen return pipeline.
4. A carbon dioxide capture device employing a solid absorbent material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The absorption tower adopts a vertical or horizontal structure.