Integrated full-automatic hydraulic locking tailstock

Abstract

The utility model relates to an integrated full-automatic hydraulic locking tailstock, and belongs to the technical field of lathes. The tailstock mainly comprises a tailstock bottom plate, a hydraulic mechanism, a tailstock guide rail and a locking mechanism, the tailstock bottom plate is installed on the tailstock guide rail, the hydraulic mechanism comprises oil injection cavities, piston rods, piston heads, compression springs and piston glands, two cylindrical oil injection cavities are formed in the bottom of the tailstock bottom plate, the piston heads are installed in the oil injection cavities, and the piston glands are connected to ports of the oil injection cavities. A piston rod is arranged at the bottom of the piston head, the bottom of the piston rod penetrates through the piston gland and is connected with the locking mechanism through a nut, the compression spring sleeves the piston rod and is located in the oil injection cavity, the top end of the compression spring abuts against the piston head, and the bottom end of the compression spring abuts against the piston gland; the tailstock bottom plate is provided with an oil inlet channel and an air leakage channel which are communicated with the oil injection cavity; the tailstock is automatically locked or loosened through the hydraulic mechanism and the locking mechanism, the position of the tailstock can be rapidly fixed, the machining efficiency of workpieces is improved, and the labor intensity of operators is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to lathe technical field, concretely relates to a kind of integrated full-automatic hydraulic locking tailstock. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the machining process of shaft or disc parts, in order to facilitate the positioning and clamping of the parts, a tailstock is usually provided on the lathe guide rail, and the tailstock and the spindle chuck are used to position the parts together, so as to improve the stability of the parts during machining, and thus improve the machining accuracy of the parts.

[0003] When machining workpieces of different lengths, the position of the tailstock on the guide rail needs to be adjusted and locked, which plays a supporting role. Currently, the common method is to manually tighten the locking screw or pull the locking handle. This fixing method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, increases the labor intensity of the operator, and because the tailstock as a whole cannot be automatically locked, it is difficult to meet the needs of automated machining, thereby reducing the machining efficiency of the workpiece. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] In order to overcome the problem of fixing the tailstock by manually tightening the locking screw or pulling the locking handle in the background art, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, increases the labor intensity of the operator, and because the tailstock as a whole cannot be automatically locked, it is difficult to meet the needs of automated machining, thereby reducing the machining efficiency of the workpiece, the utility model provides an integrated full-automatic hydraulic locking tailstock. The hydraulic mechanism and the locking mechanism automatically lock or release the tailstock, have good stability and reliability, improve the automation level of the machine tool, can meet the needs of modern automated machining, and the automatic locking method can quickly fix the position of the tailstock, improve the machining efficiency of the workpiece, and reduce the labor intensity of the operator without manual locking.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: an integrated full-automatic hydraulic locking tailstock mainly comprises a tailstock bottom plate, a hydraulic mechanism, a tailstock guide rail and a locking mechanism. The tailstock bottom plate is slidably installed on the tailstock guide rail. The hydraulic mechanism comprises an oil injection cavity, a piston rod, a piston head, a compression spring and a piston gland. Two cylindrical oil injection cavities are formed in the bottom of the tailstock bottom plate. The piston head is slidably installed in the oil injection cavity. The oil injection cavity is connected with the piston gland at the port. The piston head is provided with a piston rod at the bottom. The piston rod penetrates the piston gland at the bottom and is connected with the locking mechanism through a nut. The compression spring is sleeved on the piston rod and located in the oil injection cavity. The top end of the compression spring abuts against the piston head, and the bottom end abuts against the piston gland. An oil inlet channel and a gas release channel are formed in the tailstock bottom plate and communicate with the oil injection cavity.

[0006] The locking mechanism comprises wedge-shaped locking blocks, wedge-shaped sliding blocks, tension springs and limiting rods, the wedge-shaped sliding blocks are installed at the bottom end of the piston rod, two groups of limiting blocks are arranged on the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped sliding blocks respectively, two groups of sliding grooves matched with the limiting blocks are formed in the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped locking blocks, the wedge-shaped locking blocks are slidably installed on the wedge-shaped sliding blocks, the wedge-shaped locking blocks are connected through the plurality of tension springs, two groups of limiting rods are horizontally arranged on the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped sliding blocks, and waist-shaped limiting grooves for penetrating the limiting rods are formed in the wedge-shaped locking blocks.

[0007] Two guide pressing plates are horizontally installed at the two ends of the bottom of the tail seat bottom plate.

[0008] The tail seat inlay strip with the wedge-shaped structure is installed at the end of the tail seat bottom plate, and the tail seat inlay strip is connected with the tail seat bottom plate through the adjusting screw.

[0009] The L-shaped scraping plate is installed on the side wall of the tail seat bottom plate through the bolt.

[0010] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect:

[0011] The utility model discloses through hydraulic mechanism and locking mechanism automatic to tail seat locking or loosening, has good stability and reliability, has improved the automation level of machine tool, can satisfy the demand of modern automation processing, and the automatic locking mode can be quick fixed tail seat position, has improved workpiece's processing efficiency, need not manual locking, has reduced the labor intensity of operating personnel. DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is the three -dimensional schematic drawing of installation state of the utility model.

[0013] Figure 2 It is the three -dimensional schematic drawing of hydraulic mechanism and locking mechanism connection state.

[0014] Figure 3 It is the sectional three -dimensional schematic drawing of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 4 It is the three -dimensional schematic drawing of locking mechanism installation state.

[0016] Figure 5 It is the internal structure plan of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 6 It is the three -dimensional schematic drawing of hydraulic mechanism installation state.

[0018] Figure 7 It is the isometric drawing of locking mechanism.

[0019] Figure 8 It is the planar schematic drawing of installation state of the utility model. CONCRETE IMPLEMENTING METHOD

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effects of the utility model more clear, the preferred embodiments of the utility model will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings, so as to facilitate the understanding of the technical personnel.

[0021] The utility model discloses an integral type full automatic hydraulic pressure locking tailstock, one kind including tailstock bottom plate 1, hydraulic mechanism 2, tailstock guide rail 3, locking mechanism 4, the tailstock bottom plate 1 of one kind is slidably installed on tailstock guide rail 3, and hydraulic mechanism 2 includes oil injection cavity 201, piston rod 202, piston head 203, compression spring 204, piston gland 205, and the tailstock bottom plate 1 bottom is provided with two cylindrical oil injection cavities 201, the piston head 203 is slidably installed in oil injection cavity 201, and the oil injection cavity 201 port is connected with piston gland 205, and the piston head 203 bottom is equipped with piston rod 202, and the piston rod 202 bottom penetrates piston gland 205 and is connected with locking mechanism 4 through the nut, and compression spring 204 is sleeved on piston rod 202, is located in oil injection cavity 201, and the compression spring 204 top end abuts with piston head 203, and bottom end abuts with piston gland 205, the tailstock bottom plate 1 is provided with oil inlet channel 101 and air release channel 102 in communication with oil injection cavity 201, the locking mechanism 4 includes wedge locking block 401, wedge sliding block 402, tension spring 403, limit rod 404, the wedge sliding block 402 is installed at the bottom of piston rod 202, and two sets of limit blocks 4021 are arranged on the wedge surface of wedge sliding block 402 respectively, two sets of sliding grooves 4011 matched with limit block 4021 are set up on the wedge surface of wedge locking block 401, wedge locking block 401 is slidably installed on wedge sliding block 402, and wedge locking block 401 is connected through a plurality of tension springs 403, and two sets of limit rods 404 are horizontally arranged on the wedge surface of wedge sliding block 402, and the waist type limit slot 4012 for the limit rod 404 is set up on wedge locking block 401.

[0022] The tailstock is installed on the tailstock base plate 1, when the tailstock base plate 1 is moved to the position along the axial direction of the tailstock guide rail 3, the pressure oil is supplied to the two oil injection cavities 201 through the oil inlet channel 101, the internal pressure of the oil injection cavity 201 is increased, the piston head 203 is moved by the pressure oil, the piston rod 202 can overcome the resistance of the compression spring 204 and extend, at this time, the wedge-shaped sliding block 402 is vertically moved and pressed by the piston rod 202 and the wedge-shaped locking block 401, because the bottom of the wedge-shaped locking block 401 is in contact with the lathe, the wedge-shaped locking block 401 is pressed and moves axially along the limiting rod 404 until the pressing surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 401 is pressed on the side surface of the tailstock guide rail 3, the automatic clamping of the tailstock base plate 1 and the tailstock guide rail 3 is realized, when the tailstock base plate 1 needs to be loosened, the pressure of the two oil injection cavities 201 is released automatically, under the action of the elastic force of the compression spring 204, the piston rod 202 is retracted, at this time, the piston rod 202 drives the wedge-shaped sliding block 402 to move upward, at the same time, the two groups of wedge-shaped locking blocks 401 are close to each other under the action of the tension spring 403, until the pressing surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 401 is completely separated from the side surface of the tailstock guide rail 3, the automatic loosening of the tailstock base plate 1 and the tailstock guide rail 3 is realized; the tailstock is automatically locked or loosened by the hydraulic mechanism 2 and the locking mechanism 4, which has good stability and reliability, improves the automation level of the machine tool, can meet the needs of modern automatic processing, the automatic locking mode can quickly fix the position of the tailstock, improves the machining efficiency of the workpiece, and reduces the labor intensity of the operator without manual locking.

[0023] The tailstock base plate 1 is provided with two guide pressing plates 5 at the two ends of the bottom; the guide pressing plate 5 can guide the tailstock base plate 1 to move stably on the tailstock guide rail 3, and ensure that the tailstock does not deviate or shake when adjusting the position, so as to ensure the precision of workpiece machining.

[0024] The tailstock base plate 1 is provided with a wedge-shaped tailstock insert strip 6 at the end, and the tailstock insert strip 6 is connected with the tailstock base plate 1 through an adjusting screw; when the gap between the tailstock base plate 1 and the tailstock guide rail 3 increases due to long-term use or wear, the gap can be compensated by adjusting the tailstock insert strip 6, so as to prevent the tailstock base plate 1 from moving due to vibration during machining, and improve the stability.

[0025] The L-shaped scraping plate 7 is installed on the side wall of the tailstock base plate 1 through bolts; when the tailstock moves on the guide rail, the scraping plate 7 can scrape the accumulated chips, dust and other debris between the tailstock base plate 1 and the tailstock guide rail 3, keep the tailstock guide rail 3 clean, and reduce the wear and failure caused by impurities.

[0026] Working process:

[0027] The tailstock is installed on the tailstock base plate 1, when the tailstock base plate 1 is moved to the position along the axial direction of the tailstock guide rail 3, the pressure oil is supplied to the two oil injection cavities 201 through the oil inlet channel 101 at the same time, the internal pressure of the oil injection cavity 201 is increased, the piston head 203 is moved by the pressure oil, the piston rod 202 will overcome the resistance of the compression spring 204 and extend, at this time, the piston rod 202 will drive the wedge-shaped sliding block 402 to move vertically and press the wedge-shaped locking block 401, since the bottom of the wedge-shaped locking block 401 is in contact with the lathe, the wedge-shaped locking block 401 will move axially along the limiting rod 404 under pressure until the wedge-shaped locking block 401 is pressed against the side surface of the tailstock guide rail 3, the automatic clamping of the tailstock base plate 1 and the tailstock guide rail 3 is realized, when it is needed to loosen the tailstock base plate 1, only the automatic control of the two oil injection cavities 201 is needed to release pressure, under the elastic force of the compression spring 204, the piston rod 202 is retracted, at this time, the piston rod 202 drives the wedge-shaped sliding block 402 to move upwards, at the same time, the two groups of wedge-shaped locking blocks 401 are close to each other under the tension of the tension spring 403, until the pressing surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 401 is completely separated from the side surface of the tailstock guide rail 3, the automatic loosening of the tailstock base plate 1 and the tailstock guide rail 3 is realized; the tailstock is automatically locked or loosened by the hydraulic mechanism 2 and the locking mechanism 4, which has good stability and reliability, improves the automation level of the machine tool, can meet the needs of modern automatic processing, the automatic locking mode can quickly fix the position of the tailstock, improves the machining efficiency of the workpiece, and manual locking is not needed, which reduces the labor intensity of the operator.

[0028] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting, although the present application has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated fully automatic hydraulic locking tailstock, characterized by: The one-piece full-automatic hydraulic locking tailstock comprises a tailstock bottom plate (1), a hydraulic mechanism (2), a tailstock guide rail (3) and a locking mechanism (4), the tailstock bottom plate (1) is slidably installed on the tailstock guide rail (3), the hydraulic mechanism (2) comprises an oil injection cavity (201), a piston rod (202), a piston head (203), a compression spring (204) and a piston gland (205), two cylindrical oil injection cavities (201) are formed in the bottom of the tailstock bottom plate (1), the piston head (203) is slidably installed in the oil injection cavity (201), the piston gland (205) is connected to the port of the oil injection cavity (201), the piston rod (202) is arranged at the bottom of the piston head (203), the bottom of the piston rod (202) penetrates through the piston gland (205) and is connected to the locking mechanism (4) through a nut, the compression spring (204) is sleeved on the piston rod (202) and located in the oil injection cavity (201), the top end of the compression spring (204) abuts against the piston head (203), and the bottom end of the compression spring (204) abuts against the piston gland (205); the tailstock bottom plate (1) is provided with an oil inlet channel (101) and a gas discharge channel (102) which are in communication with the oil injection cavities (201).

2. The integrated full automatic hydraulic locking tailstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (4) comprises wedge-shaped locking blocks (401), wedge-shaped sliding blocks (402), tension springs (403) and limiting rods (404), the wedge-shaped sliding blocks (402) are arranged at the bottom end of the piston rod (202), two groups of limiting blocks (4021) are arranged on the wedge-shaped surfaces of the wedge-shaped sliding blocks (402) respectively, two groups of sliding grooves (4011) which are matched with the limiting blocks (4021) are formed in the wedge-shaped surfaces of the wedge-shaped locking blocks (401), the wedge-shaped locking blocks (401) are slidably installed on the wedge-shaped sliding blocks (402), the wedge-shaped locking blocks (401) are connected through a plurality of tension springs (403), two groups of limiting rods (404) are transversely arranged on the wedge-shaped surfaces of the wedge-shaped sliding blocks (402), and waist-shaped limiting grooves (4012) for penetrating the limiting rods (404) are formed in the wedge-shaped locking blocks (401).

3. An integrated full automatic hydraulic locking tailstock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Two guide pressing plates (5) are transversely arranged at the two ends of the bottom of the tailstock bottom plate (1).

4. An integrated full automatic hydraulic locking tailstock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tailstock bottom plate (1) is provided with a wedge-shaped tailstock inlay strip (6) at the end thereof, and the tailstock inlay strip (6) is connected to the tailstock bottom plate (1) through an adjusting screw.

5. An integrated full automatic hydraulic locking tailstock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An L-shaped scraping plate (7) is arranged on the side wall of the tailstock bottom plate (1) through a bolt.

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