Aerobic fermentation device for rotten vegetable leaves

Abstract

The utility model discloses an aerobic fermentation device for rotten vegetable leaves, which belongs to the field of compost and comprises a fermentation tank, a hollow tray, an aerator pipe, a fan and a seepage backflow mechanism, the fermentation tank can be mounted on a walking carrier as required, and the fermentation tank is a container with an opening at the top; the hollow tray is arranged at the bottom in the fermentation tank and divides the fermentation tank into an upper space and a lower space, the upper space is used for containing materials to be fermented, and the lower space is a leachate collecting chamber; the aeration pipes are respectively arranged above and below the hollow tray to form an upper aeration pipe group and a lower aeration pipe group; the fan is used for supplying air required by aeration to the aeration pipe; the leachate backflow mechanism is used for enabling the leachate in the leachate collection chamber to flow back to the top in the fermentation tank to be sprayed down. The device is low in cost and flexible to use, and can solve the problems of non-uniform ventilation and oxygen supply of aerobic fermentation and pollution caused by seepage discharge.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the compost field relates to an aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail cabbage, is used to the aerobic fermentation of vegetable tail cabbage, is favorable for the timely processing and efficient resource utilization of vegetable tail cabbage. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of economic society, large-scale, intensive planting brings the huge increase of organic perishable waste such as vegetable tail cabbage and straw in China's agricultural park, if these organic waste is left to rot, accumulate and stay at will, it is easy to cause soil, water resources and air environment pollution, composting as an ecological technical means to realize the recycling of organic matter is one of the simple and effective ways of organic waste, which is under the joint action of microorganisms and oxygen, produces high temperature to kill pathogenic bacteria, decomposes organic materials in the heap into stable humus products, provides nutrients for soil or as soil conditioner, through composting, not only can solve the problem of agricultural resource waste and environmental pollution, as fertilizer, also can produce resource utilization benefit, so as to achieve the goal of increasing yield and efficiency.

[0003] The fermentation device composting is an efficient and clean composting technology and device developed on the basis of the problems of composting site limitation, odor control and economy in modern life. This composting method stacks the materials in the container or device, has low dependence on environment and climate, the generated gas and leachate are easy to collect and treat, can effectively reduce secondary pollution in the composting process, and the composting process stably completes the conversion and degradation of organic matter in the reaction device. It has gradually become the main direction of waste composting treatment and shows great competitiveness.

[0004] However, in the existing technical equipment, the fermentation heap ventilation and oxygen supply are not uniform, which may lead to insufficient aerobic fermentation of local organic waste. If power stirring is added inside the fermentation device or the composting device itself rotates, the material hardening phenomenon can be effectively eliminated. However, these dynamic composting methods have complex structure, high energy consumption and large initial investment, which is not conducive to the popularization and application of the fermentation device. In addition, the production of vegetable tail cabbage is seasonal and scattered, and the design of the fermentation container is too large or too small, which is not conducive to the source treatment process of vegetable tail cabbage. The existing technology does not solve these problems well, so it is necessary to develop related technology. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model provides an aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail cabbage in view of the problems existing in the prior art, the ventilation system of the device can realize temperature and time combined control of heap ventilation, and the ventilation and air supply are uniform.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:

[0007] An aerobic fermentation device for vegetable waste, comprising

[0008] Fermentation tank, which is a container with an open top;

[0009] The hollow tray is set at the bottom of the fermentation tank and divides the fermentation tank into two spaces, the upper space is used to hold the fermented material, and the lower space is a leachate collection chamber;

[0010] The aeration pipes are respectively installed above and below the hollow tray to form an upper aeration pipe group and a lower aeration pipe group;

[0011] A fan, used to supply air required for aeration to the aeration pipes; and

[0012] The seepage reflux mechanism is used to return the seepage in the leachate collection chamber to the top of the fermentation tank for showering.

[0013] Furthermore, the aerobic fermentation device further includes a walking carrier, and the fermentation tank is installed on the walking carrier.

[0014] Furthermore, the walking carrier is a trolley, comprising a frame, a handrail installed on one side of the frame and a universal wheel installed on the bottom of the frame, and the frame is used to carry the fermentation tank.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper aeration pipe group is installed in the middle of the fermentation tank through an aeration pipe bracket.

[0016] Furthermore, the aeration tube bracket is detachably mounted on the hollow tray via a plurality of vertical rods.

[0017] Furthermore, the pipes of the upper aeration tube group and the lower aeration tube group are both distributed in a concave shape on the water surface, and the concave directions of the two aeration tube groups are opposite.

[0018] Furthermore, the hollow tray includes a hollow plate and a plurality of supporting legs arranged at the bottom of the hollow plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the leachate reflux mechanism includes a collecting box, a booster pump and a reflux pipe. The collecting box is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank. The bottom of the leachate collection chamber is provided with an outlet leading to the collecting box. The reflux pipe is arranged at the top of the fermentation tank. The booster pump is used to pressurize the leachate in the collecting box and then send it to the reflux pipe through the delivery pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the reflux pipes are distributed horizontally and vertically in a horizontal plane to form a reflux pipe group, and a small hole for spraying the seepage liquid is opened at the bottom of each reflux pipe.

[0021] Further, the aerobic fermentation device further comprises a temperature monitoring system, the temperature monitoring system comprises a temperature control box and a plurality of temperature sensors, at least one temperature sensor is arranged outside the fermentation tank and is used for monitoring the ambient temperature, and the remaining temperature sensors are distributed in the fermentation tank and are used for detecting the material temperature in the fermentation tank.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The movable aerobic fermentation device adopts a row type, the output of the tail meal has dispersivity and periodicity, the tail meal can be collected nearby, different quantities are started according to the generation of the tail meal, the composting of the waste can be completed in batches, and the construction volume of the fermentation tank is reduced.

[0024] (2) The aerobic fermentation device adopts two layers of aeration pipes to supply air to the inside of the fermentation material, mechanical stirring is not needed, the problem of uneven ventilation and oxygen supply of aerobic fermentation is solved, the ventilation quantity can be jointly controlled according to the temperature and time, intermittent ventilation is performed, the ventilation effect is improved, and the cost is reduced.

[0025] (3) The temperature of the aerobic fermentation device can be detected at 8 different positions at the same time, data reading is convenient, and the temperature measurement range is comprehensive.

[0026] (4) The aerobic fermentation device promotes the circulation of active microorganisms through the backflow of the percolate, keeps the water content of the material in a suitable range, and avoids the pollution of the environment caused by the discharge of the percolate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a front side external schematic view of the aerobic fermentation device in the embodiment of the application.

[0028] Figure 2 is a left side schematic view of the aerobic fermentation device in the embodiment of the application, and the dashed line in the figure is a schematic view of the internal structure of the fermentation tank.

[0029] Figure 3 is a distribution schematic view of the aeration pipe and the backflow pipe in the fermentation tank in the embodiment of the application.

[0030] Figure 4 is an installation schematic view of the upper aeration pipe group in the fermentation tank in the embodiment of the application.

[0031] Figure 5 is a distribution schematic view of the upper aeration pipe group and the lower aeration pipe group in the fermentation tank in the embodiment of the application.

[0032] Figure 6 is a distribution schematic view of the backflow pipe in the fermentation tank in the embodiment of the application.

[0033] Figure 7 is an installation schematic view of the hollow tray in the fermentation tank in the embodiment of the application.

[0034] Figure 8 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of temperature sensor installation in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the dashed box represents the boundary of the fermenter, the sensor outside the boundary measures the ambient temperature, and the sensor inside the boundary measures the fermentation material.

[0035] 100-fermenter, 110-outlet, 120-collection tube, 130-flange;

[0036] 200-hollow tray, 210-hollow plate, 220-leg;

[0037] 310-upper aeration pipe group, 320-lower aeration pipe group, 330-gas conveying pipe, 340-first control valve, 350-second control valve, 360-aeration pipe support, 370-vertical rod, 380-fan;

[0038] 400-liquid permeation backflow mechanism, 410-collection box, 420-boosting pump, 430-backflow pipe, 440-conveying pipe;

[0039] 500-traveling carrier, 510-frame, 520-handrail, 530-universal wheel, 600-temperature control box, 610-temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, the present application provides an aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables, comprising

[0044] The fermentation tank 100 is an open-top container.

[0045] The hollow tray 200 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank 100 and divides the fermentation tank 100 into upper and lower spaces. The upper space is used to hold the fermentation material, and the lower space is a leachate collection chamber.

[0046] The aeration pipes are installed above and below the hollow tray 200, forming an upper aeration pipe group 310 and a lower aeration pipe group 320.

[0047] The fan 380 is used to supply air for aeration of the aeration pipes.

[0048] The leachate reflux mechanism 400 is used to return the leachate in the leachate collection chamber to the top of the fermentation tank 100.

[0049] The present application sets two groups of aeration pipes in the fermentation tank 100, uses the fan 380 to blow air into the fermentation material, which can not only supply oxygen to all parts of the fermentation material in time, but also reduce the fermentation temperature to prevent local temperature from being too high and causing uncontrolled aerobic fermentation. The present application can efficiently perform aerobic fermentation without stirring, greatly reducing the fermentation cost. The present application uses the leachate reflux mechanism 400 to return the leachate in the leachate collection chamber for reuse, so that the microorganisms carried by the leachate flow back into the fermentation material from top to bottom, and the microorganisms are evenly distributed in the fermentation material during the flow process, effectively avoiding uneven fermentation and improving the overall fermentation efficiency.

[0050] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the aerobic fermentation device further comprises a walking carrier 500, and the fermentation tank 100 is installed on the walking carrier 500. The aerobic fermentation device can be moved by the walking carrier 500, has mobility, can use single fermentation or row fermentation, and can start multiple fermentation tanks 100 according to the amount of solid waste generated in the park.

[0051] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the walking carrier 500 is a trolley, which comprises a frame 510, a handrail 520 installed on one side of the frame 510, and universal wheels 530 installed at the bottom of the frame 510. The frame 510 is used to carry the fermentation tank 100. The trolley has high flexibility and low cost.

[0052] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the upper aeration pipe group 310 is installed in the middle of the fermentation tank 100 by the aeration pipe support 360, which supports and shapes the upper aeration pipe group 310, prevents the aeration pipe from being dislocated when the fermentation material is filled, and thus reduces the aeration effect.

[0053] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the aeration pipe support 360 is detachably installed on the hollow tray 200 by several vertical rods 370, which are supported by 4 vertical rods 370 in this embodiment. Thus, the tank body of the fermentation tank 100 does not need to be opened or connected, which does not affect the safety of the tank body structure, is easy to clean, and the aeration pipe support 360 is easy to take and place. In addition, different sizes of aeration pipe supports 360 can be replaced according to different fermentation materials to adapt to the needs of high-efficiency aeration. For example, the height of the aeration pipe support 360 is about 50 cm by adjusting the height of the vertical rod 370.

[0054] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the pipe lines of the upper aeration pipe group 310 and the lower aeration pipe group 320 are in a concave shape on the water surface, and the concave directions of the two aeration pipe groups are opposite. The lower aeration pipe group 320 can be directly tied on the bottom of the hollow tray, and the upper aeration pipe group 310 is tied on the aeration pipe support 360. The aeration pipe support 360 can be a steel pipe support to meet the impact resistance requirement when the fermentation material is filled. The aeration pipe support 360 can be composed of four equal-length steel pipes connected end to end to form a square support, and then two cross bars are arranged between the two opposite steel pipes to form a grid-shaped support.

[0055] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the outlets of the fan 380 are connected to the upper aeration pipe group 310 and the lower aeration pipe group 320 through the gas conveying pipe 330, respectively. The gas conveying pipe 330 connected to the upper aeration pipe group 310 is provided with a first control valve 340, and the gas conveying pipe 330 connected to the lower aeration pipe group 320 is provided with a second control valve 350. The two control valves can be used to control whether the upper aeration pipe group 310 and the lower aeration pipe group 320 participate in aeration, respectively, to adapt to the needs of the fermentation process.

[0056] It should be noted that the aeration pipe can be made of soft plastic pipe or hard plastic pipe, which can be selected according to the construction difficulty and cost. For example, the aeration pipe is a micro-porous nanometer aeration pipe, which has uniform gas outlet and good anti-blocking property.

[0057] In some embodiments, the fermentation tank 100 can be made of metal or plastic. Of course, considering the anti-corrosion requirement, the plastic or glass steel material is preferred. The top edge of the fermentation tank 100 is provided with a folded edge 130 to increase the strength of the opening thereof.

[0058] In some embodiments, the top of the fermentation tank 100 is covered with a breathable film (not shown in the figure) to ensure air permeability while preventing foreign matter from entering the fermentation tank 100. Figure 1

[0059] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7 , the hollow tray 200 includes a hollow plate 210 and a plurality of feet 220 arranged at the bottom of the hollow plate 210. The hollow tray 200 and the plurality of feet 220 can be made and installed in a split type or can be integrally injection molded by plastic. A large number of holes are formed in the hollow plate 210 to allow the liquid to permeate.

[0060] In some embodiments, a filter screen (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the hollow tray 200 to prevent the fermentation material from permeating into the liquid collection chamber. Figure 7

[0061] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 , 3, 6, the liquid permeation return mechanism 400 includes a collection box 410, a booster pump 420, and a return pipe 430. The collection box 410 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank 100. The bottom of the liquid permeation collection chamber is provided with a liquid outlet 110 leading to the collection box 410. The return pipe 430 is arranged at the top of the fermentation tank 100. The booster pump 420 is used to pressurize the liquid in the collection box 410 and then send it to the return pipe 430 through a delivery pipe 440. In this application, the liquid permeation is collected by the collection box 410, then pressurized by the booster pump 420, and then dripped from the top of the fermentation tank 100, so that the microorganisms in the liquid permeation can be recycled. In this embodiment, the booster pump 420 can be a submersible pump.

[0062] It should be noted that the liquid outlet 110 at the bottom of the liquid permeation collection chamber (the bottom of the fermentation tank 100) can be merged by a collection pipe 120 and then introduced into the collection box 410.

[0063] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6 , the return pipe 430 is arranged in a horizontal and vertical distribution to form a group of return pipes 430. A plurality of small holes (with a diameter of about 1 mm) for spraying the liquid permeation are formed at the bottom of each return pipe 430. The liquid permeation is uniformly sprayed and dripped through the small holes, and the uniformity of the liquid permeation spraying is improved by the uniform distribution, so that the microorganisms in the liquid permeation can play a role again and promote the uniform fermentation of the fermentation material.

[0064] ​​In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 8 The aerobic fermentation device further comprises a temperature monitoring system, which comprises a temperature control box 600 and a plurality of temperature sensors 610. At least one temperature sensor 610 is arranged outside the fermentation tank 100 for monitoring the ambient temperature, and the remaining temperature sensors 610 are distributed in the fermentation tank 100 for detecting the temperature of the material in the fermentation tank 100. The model of the temperature sensor 610 can be PT100. The temperature control box 600 is mainly used for displaying the temperature and performing simple control. For example, the temperature control box 600 contains a temperature controller. When the temperature exceeds the set value (such as 65℃), a start signal is sent to start the fan 380 for 10 minutes through the electromagnetic valve. A timer can also be set in the controller to start the fan 380 at a fixed time. This control part uses existing technology and does not affect the solution of the technical problems of the present application. The start and stop of the fan 380 can also be manually controlled or controlled by a timer.

[0065] As shown in Figure 8 The temperature sensor 610 for detecting the temperature of the material in the fermentation tank 100 can be directly buried in the fermentation material. For example, seven temperature sensors 610 can be arranged on the vertical cutting surface along the central axis of the fermentation tank 100 (on the same horizontal plane).

[0066] The use method of the present application is as follows:

[0067] The crushed vegetables, tail vegetables, straw and the like with a size of 3-6 cm are adjusted to a moisture content of about 60%, and an appropriate amount of microbial agent is added and mixed uniformly with the material, which is then put into the main body of the fermentation tank 100.

[0068] The fan 380 is controlled by temperature and time to start and stop. The first control valve 340 and the second control valve 350 are opened. During the day from 8:00 to 18:00, the valves are opened once every two hours at the whole hour. The ventilation time is 10 minutes. When the temperature of a certain temperature sensor 610 in the fermentation tank exceeds 65℃, the electromagnetic valve controls the fan 380 to start for 10 minutes.

[0069] During the test, when the fermentation material is degraded to a height of 50 cm, the first control valve 340 of the upper aeration pipe group 310 is closed. According to the amount of liquid generated in the collection box 410, the submersible pump is started to return the liquid. Specifically, when the liquid level in the collection box 410 covers the inlet of the submersible pump, the submersible pump is started.

[0070] The above embodiments are only used for describing the present application, and are not used for limiting the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present application do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present application, and should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables, characterized by, Comprising a fermenter, an open-top container; a hollow tray, arranged at the bottom of the fermenter and dividing the fermenter into two spaces, the upper space for containing the material to be fermented and the lower space for collecting the leachate; aeration pipes, installed above and below the hollow tray respectively, forming an upper aeration pipe group and a lower aeration pipe group; a fan for supplying air to the aeration pipes; and a leachate backflow mechanism for backflowing the leachate in the leachate collection chamber to the top of the fermenter.

2. The aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising a walking carrier, and the fermenter is installed on the walking carrier.

3. The aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables according to claim 2, characterized in that, The walking carrier comprises a frame, a handrail installed on one side of the frame, and universal wheels installed at the bottom of the frame, and the frame is used to carry the fermenter.

4. The aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper aeration pipe group is installed in the middle of the fermenter through an aeration pipe support.

5. The aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables according to claim 4, characterized in that, The aeration pipe support is detachably installed on the hollow tray through a plurality of vertical rods.

6. The aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipelines of the upper aeration pipe group and the lower aeration pipe group are both in the shape of a concave in the water surface, and the concave directions of the two aeration pipe groups are opposite.

7. The aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow tray comprises a hollow plate and a plurality of supporting legs arranged at the bottom of the hollow plate.

8. The aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leachate backflow mechanism comprises a collection box, a booster pump, and a backflow pipe, the collection box is arranged at the bottom of the fermenter, the bottom of the leachate collection chamber is provided with a liquid outlet leading to the collection box, the backflow pipe is arranged at the top of the fermenter, and the booster pump is used to pressurize the leachate in the collection box and then send it to the backflow pipe through a delivery pipe.

9. The aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables according to claim 8, characterized in that, The backflow pipe is horizontally and vertically distributed to form a backflow pipe group, and each backflow pipe is provided with a small hole at the bottom for spraying leachate.

10. The aerobic fermentation device for vegetable tail vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising a temperature monitoring system, the temperature monitoring system comprises a temperature control box and a plurality of temperature sensors, at least one temperature sensor is arranged outside the fermenter for monitoring the ambient temperature, and the remaining temperature sensors are distributed in the fermenter for detecting the material temperature in the fermenter.

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