Wall breaking device for breaking perforation compaction layer of oil and gas well

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wall breaking device for breaking a perforation compaction layer of an oil and gas well, and relates to the technical field of petroleum perforation, the wall breaking device comprises a perforating gun, a bullet rack, a perforating bullet, an acting device and a detonating cord, the acting device is detachably installed at an opening of the perforating bullet, the head of the acting device is filled with energy particles arranged in multiple layers, and the detonating cord is connected with the perforating gun. A positioning clamping ring is installed in the shell and used for adjusting the distance between the energy particles and the blasting powder. Compared with the prior art, the multi-layer charging structure can enable particles to be fully rubbed and impacted in the pore channel, a more violent acting effect is triggered, and the pore channel without compaction pollution is generated. In addition, due to the design of the positioning clamping ring, the perforating bullet can be kept at the end away from the blind hole all the time, larger burst height is obtained for jet flow, and the technical problems that a traditional perforating hole channel is narrow and blocked, and compaction pollution exists in the hole channel are effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the petroleum perforating technical field especially relates to a wall breaker for breaking oil and gas well perforating compacted layer. BACKGROUND

[0002] The perforating bullet is often used in oil field exploration and development, and the quality of the perforator and the gun loading form directly affect the perforation depth and the productivity of the oil and gas well. In the existing perforator, when the perforating bullet works, due to the high geological density and hardness, the hole drilled often has a very hard compacted pollution layer, which cannot meet the production needs. In addition, there is also a problem of narrow and blocked perforation hole. Therefore, how to improve the layout and structure of the existing perforating bullet, increase the secondary working part and efficiently break the oil and gas well perforating compacted layer has become a technical problem in the field. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] In view of the above technical problems, the utility model provides a wall breaker for breaking oil and gas well perforating compacted layer, which improves the structure of the working device and increases the secondary working part, which is beneficial to the formation of the jet flow and can produce a hole without compacted pollution.

[0004] The utility model solves the above problems through the following technical means:

[0005] A wall breaker for breaking oil and gas well perforating compacted layer, characterized in that it comprises a perforating gun, a cartridge holder, a perforating bullet, a working device and a detonating cord, wherein:

[0006] The cartridge holder is concentrically arranged inside the perforating gun, and the perforating gun and the cartridge holder are fixed through a positioning ring or an end cover. A plurality of mounting holes are symmetrically formed on the pipe body of the cartridge holder, a plurality of perforating bullets are symmetrically fixed in the mounting holes, and adjacent perforating bullets are arranged at 60°, 90°, 120° or 180° phase.

[0007] The inside of the perforating bullet is filled with blasting powder, and the blasting powder is limited and fixed by a conical powder cover. A transmission hole is formed in the bottom of the perforating bullet, and the transmission hole is connected with the external detonating cord.

[0008] The working device is detachably installed at the opening of the perforating bullet, and the head of the working device is filled with a plurality of layers of energy particles.

[0009] Preferably, the shell of the working device is a hollow pipe body with one end open, a jet flow channel is arranged at the other end of the shell, an annular powder chamber for filling energy particles is formed between the inner wall of the jet flow channel and the inner wall of the shell, a positioning powder cover is buckled at the top of the annular powder chamber, and the positioning powder cover is used for positioning the plurality of layers of energy particles.

[0010] Preferably, the shell is internally provided with a positioning snap ring installed through an internal thread, and the positioning snap ring is used for adjusting the total height of the working device and the perforating bullet after cooperation.

[0011] Preferably, the blasting agent is high-energy solid explosive.

[0012] Preferably, the energy particle is composed of two layers, wherein: the bottom layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the top layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particle of the top layer is compacted by a positioning explosive cover.

[0013] Preferably, the energy particle is composed of three layers, wherein: the bottom layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the middle layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material with a particle size of 50-60 mesh; the top layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particle of the top layer is compacted by a positioning explosive cover.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of each layer of the energy particle is 3-4 mm, and each layer of the energy particle adopts an equal-thickness arrangement scheme or a taper arrangement scheme.

[0015] Preferably, the top surface of the bottom layer of the energy particle has an inclination angle ranging from 15° to 20°, and the top surface of the middle layer of the energy particle has an inclination angle ranging from 20° to 30°.

[0016] The wall breaker for breaking the compacted layer of the oil and gas well perforation has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The energy particles in the wall breaker are filled in multiple layers by multiple energy particles with different particle sizes, so that the particles can fully rub and collide with each other after entering the hole, so that the particles can obtain greater energy peaks after being excited, and better perforation hole reconstruction effect can be obtained. In addition, during the process of the energy particles entering the hole, the smaller the diameter of the particles, the greater the initial speed that can be obtained, and the multi-layer charge structure can make the particles in the hole induce more intense work effect.

[0018] 3) The design of the positioning snap ring can always keep the perforating bullet away from the blind hole at the maximum distance, so that the perforating bullet can obtain greater blasting height, and perfectly solve the problems of narrow and blocked traditional perforation hole and compaction pollution in the hole.

[0019] 3) The positioning snap ring is installed in the shell through internal threads, and the positioning snap ring is used for adjusting the distance between the energy particles and the blasting agent, and can also adjust the matching height of the wall breaker and the perforating bullet, so that the product can be used with bullets of different heights, and only the positioning snap ring needs to be adjusted.

[0020] 4) The connection mode of the work device and the perforating bullet is improved, and schemes such as threads, clamping grooves or taper sleeves can be used, and a detachable structure is used to replace the original integrated structure, so that the perforating bullet and the work device can be transported and stored separately, and different performance perforating bullets can be flexibly matched according to different technical requirements or geological needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described in the following only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is the overall schematic diagram of the perforating bullet of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 is the installation schematic diagram of the working device of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 is the energy particle layout schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 is the working process schematic diagram of the present application.

[0027] Among them, 1-perforating gun, 2-bullet holder, 3-perforating bullet, 301-explosive, 302-cone-shaped explosive cover, 303-boosting hole, 4-working device, 401-energy particle, 402-explosive shell, 403-jet channel, 404-ring-shaped explosive magazine, 405-positioning explosive cover, 406-positioning snap ring, 5-boosting cord. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In the description of the present application, it is understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. The terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0029] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0030] As Figures 1 to 5As shown, the breaker comprises a perforating gun 1, a cartridge 2, a perforating charge 3, a doer 4 and a detonating cord 5. In the figure, the cartridge 2 is arranged concentrically inside the perforating gun 1, and the perforating gun 1 and the cartridge 2 are fixed by a positioning ring or an end cap. A plurality of mounting holes are symmetrically formed on the tube body of the cartridge 2, and a plurality of perforating charges 3 are symmetrically fixed in the mounting holes. Adjacent perforating charges 3 are arranged at a phase of 60°, 90°, 120° or 180°. In the embodiment, a 90° interval phase arrangement scheme is adopted.

[0031] In the figure, the inside of the perforating charge 3 is filled with blasting agent 301, which is limited and fixed by a conical charge cover 302. A transmission hole 303 is formed at the bottom of the perforating charge 3, and the transmission hole 303 is connected with the outside detonating cord 5. Specifically, the blasting agent 301 adopts high-energy solid explosive.

[0032] In the figure, the doer 4 is detachably installed at the opening of the perforating charge 3. The head of the doer 4 is filled with a plurality of layers of energy particles 401. Threaded connection, clamping groove or taper sleeve scheme can be adopted between the doer 4 and the perforating charge 3. The detachable structure replaces the original integrated structure, and the perforating charge and the doer can be transported and stored separately. According to different technical requirements or geological needs, perforating charges with different performances can be flexibly matched.

[0033] In the figure, the shell 402 of the doer 4 is a hollow tube body with one end open. A jet flow channel 403 is arranged at the middle of the other end of the shell 402. An annular charge chamber 404 for filling the energy particles 401 is formed between the inner wall of the jet flow channel 403 and the inner wall of the shell 402. A positioning charge cover 405 is buckled at the top of the annular charge chamber 404, and the positioning charge cover 405 is used to position the plurality of layers of energy particles 401.

[0034] In actual application, the energy particles 401 can be composed of two layers, in which: the bottom layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material passivated by sol coating method, and the particle size is 30-40 mesh; the top layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material passivated by sol coating method, and the particle size is 70-80 mesh. The energy particles 401 in the top layer are compacted by the positioning charge cover 405. The energy particles 401 can also be composed of three layers, in which: the bottom layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material passivated by sol coating method, and the particle size is 30-40 mesh; the middle layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material passivated by sol coating method, and the particle size is 50-60 mesh; the top layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energy-containing material passivated by sol coating method, and the particle size is 70-80 mesh. The energy particles 401 in the top layer are compacted by the positioning charge cover 405.

[0035] Specifically, the energetic material treated by sol coating method is an energetic material treated by sol coating method, the mixture of the active metals and non-metal powders such as carbon, boron, aluminum and silver powder is selected as the combustion agent, specifically, the ratio of carbon: boron: aluminum: silver = 10:1:1.5:0.5 can be adopted; the mixture of antimony trioxide and magnesium silicate is used as the combustion regulator, specifically, 1.6% of the total weight of antimony trioxide and 1.2% of the total weight of magnesium silicate can be adopted; the mixture of 1% of the total weight of bismuth powder and 0.8% of the total weight of titanium powder is used as the functional additive, and ethyl acetate is used as the solvent for preparation.

[0036] It should be noted that the thickness of each layer of the energy particles 401 is 1-2mm, and each layer of the energy particles 401 adopts an equal-thickness arrangement scheme or a taper arrangement scheme. For example, when a three-layer taper arrangement scheme is adopted, the top surface of the bottom layer of energy particles 401 has an inclination angle a in the range of 15°-20°, and the top surface of the middle layer of energy particles 401 has an inclination angle b in the range of 20°-30°.

[0037] In actual work, the energy particles in the wall breaker are filled in multiple layers by energy particles of different particle sizes, so that the particles can fully rub and collide with each other after entering the hole, so that the particles can obtain greater energy peaks after being excited, and better perforating hole reconstruction effect can be obtained. In addition, during the process of the energy particles entering the hole, the smaller the diameter of the particles, the greater the initial speed that can be obtained, and the multi-layer charge structure can make the particles cause more intense work effect in the hole.

[0038] In the figure, the positioning snap ring 406 is installed in the shell 402 through internal threads, and the positioning snap ring 406 is used to adjust the total height of the working device 4 and the perforating bullet 3 after cooperation.

[0039] It should be noted that the design of the positioning snap ring can make the perforating bullet always remain at one end of the maximum principle blind hole, so that the perforating bullet can obtain greater blasting height, and perfectly solve the problems of narrow and blocked perforating hole and compaction pollution in the hole. In addition, the positioning snap ring is installed in the shell through internal threads, and the positioning snap ring is used to adjust the distance between the energy particles and the blasting agent, and also can adjust the cooperation height of the wall breaker and the perforating bullet, so that the product can be used with bullets of different heights, and only the positioning snap ring needs to be adjusted.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A wall breaker for breaking up a compacted layer of a perforation of an oil and gas well, characterized in that, The invention comprises a perforating gun (1), a bomb rack (2), a perforating bullet (3), a work device (4) and a detonating cord (5), wherein: A bullet rack (2) is concentrically arranged inside the perforating gun (1), the perforating gun (1) and the bullet rack (2) are fixed via a positioning ring or an end cover, a plurality of mounting holes are symmetrically opened on the tube body of the bullet rack (2), a plurality of perforating bullets (3) are symmetrically fixed in the mounting holes, and adjacent perforating bullets (3) are arranged at a phase angle of 60°, 90°, 120° or 180°. The interior of the perforating bullet (3) is filled with explosive charge (301), which is fixed by a conical charge cover (302). A blasting hole (303) is provided at the bottom of the perforating bullet (3), which is connected to an external detonating cord (5). The work device (4) is detachably mounted at the opening of the perforating bullet (3), and the head of the work device (4) is filled with energy particles (401) of various sizes arranged in multiple layers; A positioning snap ring (406) is installed inside the housing (402) of the workpiece (4) via an internal thread. The positioning snap ring (406) is used to adjust the total height of the workpiece (4) and the perforating bullet (3) after they are matched.

2. A wall breaking device for breaking through a consolidated layer of a well perforation according to claim 1, characterized in that The shell (402) of the work device (4) is a hollow tube with an opening at one end. A jet channel (403) is provided in the middle of the other end of the shell (402). An annular medicine chamber (404) for loading energy particles (401) is formed between the inner wall of the jet channel (403) and the inner wall of the shell (402). A positioning medicine cover (405) is provided on the top of the annular medicine chamber (404). The positioning medicine cover (405) is used to position the energy particles (401) arranged in multiple layers.

3. A wall breaking device for breaking through a consolidated layer of a well perforation according to claim 1, characterized in that The blasting material (301) is a high-energy solid explosive.

4. A wall breaking tool for breaking through a consolidated layer of a well perforation according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy particles (401) are composed of two layers, wherein: the bottom layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by a sol coating method, with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the top layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by a sol coating method, with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particles (401) on the top layer are compacted by a positioning drug cover (405).

5. A wall breaking device for breaking through a consolidated layer of a well perforation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy particles (401) are composed of three layers, wherein: the bottom layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by the sol coating method, with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the middle layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by the sol coating method, with a particle size of 50-60 mesh; the top layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by the sol coating method, with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particles (401) on the top layer are compacted by a positioning drug cover (405).

6. A wall breaking tool for breaking through a consolidated layer of a well perforation according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of each layer of the energy particles (401) is 3-4 mm, and each layer of the energy particles (401) adopts an equal thickness arrangement scheme or a tapered arrangement scheme.

7. A wall breaking tool for breaking a consolidated layer of a well perforation according to claim 6, characterized in that The top surface inclination angle (a) of the energy particles (401) in the bottom layer ranges from 15° to 20°, and the top surface inclination angle (b) of the energy particles (401) in the middle layer ranges from 20° to 30°.

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