Composite pipe
By designing the carbon fiber layup angle and layer thickness in the composite pipe, the problem of poor fracture toughness of carbon fiber was solved, and the load-bearing capacity of the composite pipe was improved, especially in high-load-bearing application scenarios where it exhibits excellent load performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422997575.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing composite pipes have poor fracture toughness of carbon fiber, resulting in insufficient transverse shear performance and circumferential strength, making it difficult to improve the product's load-bearing performance.
By designing the layup angle and layer thickness relationship of carbon fibers in the composite layer, the interlayer shear force is minimized, and staggered carbon fiber structural layers are used to provide axial bending, torsional and circumferential compressive load resistance.
It achieves excellent load-bearing performance of composite pipes in fields with high load-bearing requirements, and has sufficient axial bending resistance, torsion resistance and circumferential compressive load performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN223460046U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of composite pipe, concretely relates to a composite pipe. BACKGROUND
[0002] The composite pipe prepared by taking a new generation of carbon material such as carbon fiber as the main component and having light weight and high mechanical property has the comprehensive advantages of light weight, high strength and corrosion resistance, and is very suitable for the fields of aerospace, automobile and sports supplies. However, the light weight material represented by carbon fiber generally has the problem of poor fracture toughness, so that the transverse shear property and the hoop strength of the prepared composite pipe are insufficient, and the load bearing property of the product cannot be further improved. SUMMARY
[0003] Based on the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a composite pipe, through the design of the laying angle of the carbon fiber in the composite laying layer in the composite pipe and the limitation of the thickness relationship between the laminations, the interlaminar shear force of the product can be minimized, the axial bending load, the torsional load and the hoop compaction load are sufficient, and the composite pipe can be applied in the field with high load bearing requirement.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
[0005] A composite pipe comprises a base layer, a carbon fiber layer and an appearance layer from inside to outside.
[0006] The carbon fiber layer is obtained by alternately laminating a first structural layer adjacent to the base layer, a second structural layer and a third structural layer in sequence, the carbon fiber layer comprises carbon fiber, the carbon fiber is unidirectionally and continuously distributed, the number of layers of the second structural layer and the third structural layer in the carbon fiber layer is n, and n is greater than or equal to 2.
[0007] The carbon fiber in the first structural layer is perpendicular to the height direction of the composite pipe.
[0008] The carbon fiber in the second structural layer is parallel to the height direction of the composite pipe.
[0009] The carbon fiber in the third structural layer forms an angle of +45° or -45° with the height direction of the composite pipe.
[0010] The composite pipe satisfies 0.5≤A1 2 / (A2·A3)≤1.24.
[0011] Wherein, A1 is the thickness of the first structural layer, A2 is the thickness of the second structural layer, and A3 is the thickness of the third structural layer.
[0012] Preferably, the carbon fiber in the first structural layer is perpendicular to the height direction of the composite pipe, and the perpendicular direction is the circular arc ring cutting direction of the composite pipe.
[0013] Preferably, the thickness testing step of the first structural layer, the second structural layer and the third structural layer is: cutting the composite pipe along the circumferential direction to obtain a segment, performing scanning electron microscope observation on the cross-section part, determining the interlayer position and area of each structural layer according to the distribution direction of the carbon fibers in the structural layer, using mapping software to test the thickness of the cross-section area of each structural layer at four points with an interval of 90°, and taking the average value of the obtained thickness data as the thickness of the structural layer.
[0014] In order to ensure that the composite pipe has sufficient bearing performance, the utility model discloses a superimposed structural layer containing carbon fibers with multiple distribution directions arranged in the composite pipe as the main functional structure, the vertically distributed carbon fibers provide the product with circumferential compression load, the horizontally distributed carbon fibers provide the product with axial bending load, and the carbon fibers with an included angle provide the product with torsional load, and the staggered superimposed mode can make the product have better continuity and stability and bear stress uniformly, and the specific design of the interlayer angle deviation and the interlayer thickness can minimize the interlayer shear force of the structural layer and maximize the interlayer bonding force, so that the product exhibits excellent bearing effect.
[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the n layers of second structural layers is the same.
[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the n layers of third structural layers is the same.
[0017] Preferably, the third structural layer comprises a fourth structural layer and a fifth structural layer connected in sequence, and the carbon fibers in the fourth structural layer and the fifth structural layer are vertically distributed or parallelly distributed.
[0018] More preferably, the thickness of any two fourth structural layers in the n layers of third structural layers is the same.
[0019] More preferably, the thickness of any two fifth structural layers in the n layers of third structural layers is the same.
[0020] Preferably, the carbon fiber layer further comprises a matrix resin, and the mass ratio of the matrix resin to the carbon fibers in the carbon fiber layer is (4:6) to (2.5:7.5).
[0021] Preferably, the A1 2 / (A2·A3) is one of 0.5, 0.53, 0.54, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.83, 0.87, 0.9, 1, 1.05, 1.1, 1.14, 1.2, 1.22, 1.24 or a range value of any two thereof.
[0022] Preferably, said Al = 0.15-0.9 mm, A2 = 0.15-0.9 mm, A3 = 0.15-0.72 mm;
[0023] Preferably, said Al = 0.25-0.35 mm;
[0024] More preferably, said Al = one of 0.25 mm, 0.26 mm, 0.27 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.31 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.33 mm, 0.34 mm, 0.35 mm or a range value of any two thereof.
[0025] Preferably, said A2 = 0.3-0.4 mm;
[0026] More preferably, said A2 = one of 0.3 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.34 mm, 0.36 mm, 0.37 mm, 0.385 mm, 0.4 mm or a range value of any two thereof.
[0027] Preferably, said A3 = 0.25-0.35 mm;
[0028] More preferably, said A3 = one of 0.25 mm, 0.26 mm, 0.27 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.31 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.33 mm, 0.34 mm, 0.35 mm or a range value of any two thereof.
[0029] Preferably, the number of monofilaments of carbon fiber in at least one of said first structural layer, second structural layer, third structural layer is 10-15 k.
[0030] Based on the conditions of the processing equipment and the needs of product application, one skilled in the art can select carbon fibers of different tow densities, and the use of the above-mentioned preferred species is more suitable for processing and application scenarios.
[0031] Preferably, said base layer comprises glass fiber and matrix resin.
[0032] More preferably, said base layer is a glass fiber woven cloth.
[0033] Preferably, the thickness of said base layer is 0.01-0.1 mm.
[0034] Preferably, said appearance layer comprises carbon fiber and matrix resin.
[0035] More preferably, said appearance layer is a plain / twill cloth.
[0036] Preferably, the thickness of said appearance layer is 0.1-0.3 mm.
[0037] More preferably, the base resin is an epoxy resin with a melting point of 100-130℃.
[0038] Preferably, when n=2, the carbon fiber layer in the composite pipe material comprises a first structural layer, a second structural layer 1, a third structural layer 1, a second structural layer 2, and a third structural layer 2 in sequence.
[0039] The third structural layer comprises a fourth structural layer and a fifth structural layer connected in sequence.
[0040] The carbon fiber in the first structural layer is perpendicular to the height direction of the composite pipe material.
[0041] The carbon fiber in the second structural layer is parallel to the height direction of the composite pipe material.
[0042] The carbon fiber in the fourth structural layer is at +45° or -45° to the height direction of the composite pipe material.
[0043] The carbon fiber in the fifth structural layer is perpendicular to the carbon fiber in the fourth structural layer.
[0044] The composite pipe material of the utility model has the advantages that the laying angle of the carbon fiber in the composite layer in the composite pipe material and the thickness relationship between the laminated layers are limited, so that the interlaminar shear force of the product is minimized, and the axial bending load, torsional load and circumferential compaction load are sufficient, and the composite pipe material can be applied in high bearing requirement fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0045] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the carbon fiber layer in the composite pipe material.
[0046] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the composite pipe material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model, the utility model will be further described below in combination with specific examples and comparative examples, and the purpose is to understand the content of the utility model in detail, rather than limit the utility model. All other examples obtained by ordinary skilled persons in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model. The experimental materials and instruments involved in the implementation of the utility model are common ordinary materials and instruments unless otherwise specified.
[0048] Example 1
[0049] An embodiment of the composite pipe material of the utility model is obtained by combining multiple layers of composite layers containing base resin and glass fiber or carbon fiber:
[0050] According to the design requirements of the composite pipe, the following preformed layers containing matrix resin and glass fiber or carbon fiber are cut in size and thickness, then each preformed layer is combined, rolled into a mold to make each layer closely adhere, then the rough pipe blank obtained by rolling is wrapped and shaped using a BOPP (Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene Film) tape, then sent into a high temperature furnace for curing at 70-160°C for 85-125 minutes, polished, cleaned, and painted to obtain the composite pipe.
[0051] The composite pipe comprises a base layer, a carbon fiber layer, and an appearance layer from inside to outside, the carbon fiber layer comprises a first structural layer (90°), a second structural layer 1 (0°), a third structural layer 1 (±45°), a second structural layer 2 (0°), and a third structural layer 2 (±45°) in sequence;
[0052] The cross-sectional view of the carbon fiber layer is as shown in Figure 1 The perspective view of the composite pipe is as shown in Figure 2 .
[0053] The base layer uses FAW50 type glass fiber cloth produced by Texas United Top, which comprises 35wt% matrix resin epoxy resin and 65wt% glass fiber;
[0054] The first structural layer is obtained by stacking and pressing two layers of FAW150-T300UD unidirectional carbon fiber cloth produced by Texas United Top in the same carbon fiber direction, which comprises 33wt% matrix resin epoxy resin and 67wt% 12k filament carbon fiber; the distribution direction of the carbon fiber in the structural layer forms a 90° angle with the length direction of the composite pipe, and is tangent to the arc direction of the composite pipe;
[0055] The second structural layer is obtained by stacking and pressing FAW360-T300UD unidirectional carbon fiber cloth produced by Texas United Top in the same carbon fiber direction, which comprises 30wt% matrix resin epoxy resin and 70wt% 12k filament carbon fiber; the distribution direction of the carbon fiber in the structural layer forms a 0° angle with the length direction of the composite pipe;
[0056] The third structural layer is obtained by stacking and pressing two layers of FAW150-T300UD unidirectional carbon fiber cloth produced by Texas United Top, which comprises 33wt% matrix resin epoxy resin and 67wt% 12k filament carbon fiber; the two layers of unidirectional carbon fiber cloth are named as the fourth structural layer and the fifth structural layer, and the distribution directions of the carbon fibers in the two layers form a 45° angle and a -45° angle with the length direction of the composite pipe, respectively;
[0057] The appearance layer uses FAW200-3K plain weave cloth produced by Texas United Top, which comprises 42wt% base resin epoxy resin and 58wt% 3k tows of carbon fibers.
[0058] The parameters of the composite pipe are shown in Table 1, wherein A1 is the thickness of the first structural layer, A2 is the thickness of the second structural layer, A3 is the thickness of the third structural layer, and A is the total wall thickness of the composite pipe.
[0059] The inner wall diameter of the composite pipe is 50mm.
[0060] Examples 2-9
[0061] One of the embodiments of the composite pipe according to the utility model differs from Example 1 only in that the thicknesses of the structural layers are different, as shown in Table 1.
[0062] Example 10
[0063] One of the embodiments of the composite pipe according to the utility model differs from Example 1 only in that the composite pipe comprises, from the inside to the outside, a base layer, a first structural layer, a second structural layer 1, a third structural layer 1, a second structural layer 2, a third structural layer 2, a second structural layer 3, a third structural layer 3, and an appearance layer; the composition and thickness of the second structural layer 3 are the same as those of the second structural layer 1 and the second structural layer 2, and the composition and thickness of the third structural layer 3 are the same as those of the third structural layer 1 and the third structural layer 2.
[0064] Examples 11-13
[0065] One of the embodiments of the composite pipe according to the utility model differs from Example 1 only in that the thicknesses of the structural layers are different, as shown in Table 1.
[0066] Comparative Example 1
[0067] A composite pipe differs from Example 1 only in that the positions of the first structural layer and the third structural layer 1 are interchanged.
[0068] Comparative Example 2
[0069] A composite pipe differs from Example 1 only in that the positions of the first structural layer and the third structural layer 2 are interchanged.
[0070] Comparative Example 3
[0071] A composite pipe differs from Example 1 only in that the positions of the first structural layer and the second structural layer 1 are interchanged.
[0072] Comparative Example 4
[0073] A composite pipe differs from Example 1 only in that the positions of the second structural layer 1 and the third structural layer 1 are interchanged.
[0074] Comparative Example 5
[0075] A composite pipe, which differs from Example 1 only in that the second structural layer 1 is replaced by a third structural layer 1 of the same thickness.
[0076] Comparative Example 6
[0077] A composite pipe, which differs from Example 1 only in that the third structural layer 1 is replaced by a second structural layer 1 of the same thickness.
[0078] Comparative Examples 7-11
[0079] A composite pipe, which differs from Example 1 only in that the thicknesses of the structural layers are different, as shown in Table 2.
[0080] Table 1
[0081]
[0082]
[0083] Effect Example 1
[0084] In order to verify the use effect of the composite pipe obtained by the present application, each product is tested as follows:
[0085] (1) Three-point bending load test: a special three-point bending jig is used, and a universal testing machine is used for testing at a rate of 20 mm / min. The maximum breaking load is recorded after the carbon pipe is broken.
[0086] (2) 50mm flat plate compression load test: a 50mm length is cut from the carbon pipe, a universal testing machine is used for horizontal compression test at a rate of 10mm / min. The maximum breaking load is recorded after the carbon pipe is broken.
[0087] (3) Port ring extrusion load test: a special port ring extrusion test jig is used, and a universal testing machine is used for testing at a rate of 20 mm / min. The maximum breaking load is recorded after the carbon pipe is broken.
[0088] The test results are shown in Table 2.
[0089] Table 2
[0090] Test Three-point bend load (N) 50 mm flat plate compression load (N) Port ring extrusion load (N) Example 1 9400 1800 11000 Example 2 9600 1700 10500 Example 3 9000 1900 12000 Example 4 9500 1700 11500 Example 5 9300 1900 10500 Example 6 9800 1800 11000 Example 7 9150 1750 10000 Example 8 9300 1600 9800 Example 9 9350 1850 11500 Example 11 9000 1600 9800 Example 12 9200 1700 10500 Example 13 9700 2000 12000 Comparative Example 1 9400 1400 11000 Comparative Example 2 9400 1350 11000 Comparative Example 3 8800 1800 10500 Comparative Example 4 9400 1400 9000 Comparative Example 5 8500 1400 12000 Comparative Example 6 9200 1300 8900 Comparative Example 7 8500 2000 12000 Comparative Example 8 10000 1400 10000 Comparative Example 9 8800 2000 9800 Comparative Example 10 9600 1300 12000 Comparative Example 11 10000 1400 8600
[0091] As can be seen from Table 2, the composite pipe obtained by the technical scheme has ideal load performance, and the load stress in each direction can reach a high level, the three-point bending load can reach more than 9000N, the 50mm flat plate compaction load can reach more than 1500N, and the port ring extrusion load can reach more than 9500N. In comparison, the structures and structural layers of the products of Comparative Examples 1-6 do not meet the limitations of the technical scheme, and therefore the stress performance is poor; although Comparative Examples 7-11 meet the requirements of the composite pipe of the technical scheme for the order and selection of the structural layers, the thickness relationship of the structural layers does not meet the limited requirements, and it is also difficult to reach the level of the examples.
[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present application and not to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical scheme of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A composite pipe, characterized by, The carbon fiber layer comprises a first structural layer adjacent to the base layer, and a second structural layer and a third structural layer alternately stacked in sequence. The carbon fiber layer comprises a first structural layer adjacent to the base layer, and a second structural layer and a third structural layer alternately stacked in sequence. The carbon fiber in the first structural layer is perpendicular to the height direction of the composite pipe. The carbon fiber in the second structural layer is parallel to the height direction of the composite pipe. The carbon fiber in the third structural layer forms an angle of +45° or -45° with the height direction of the composite pipe. The composite pipe satisfies: 0.5≤A1 2 / (A2·A3)≤1.24; A1 is the thickness of the first structural layer, A2 is the thickness of the second structural layer, and A3 is the thickness of the third structural layer.
2. The composite pipe of claim 1, wherein The third structural layer comprises a fourth structural layer and a fifth structural layer connected in sequence, and the carbon fiber in the fourth structural layer is perpendicular or parallel to the carbon fiber in the fifth structural layer.
3. The composite pipe of claim 1, wherein The composite pipe satisfies at least one of (a) to (g) below. (a) A1 = 0.15-0.9mm; (b) A2 = 0.15-0.9mm; (c) A3 = 0.15-0.72mm; (d) The thickness of the base layer is 0.01-0.1mm; (e) The thickness of the appearance layer is 0.1-0.3mm; (f) The thickness of the n layers of second structural layers is the same; (g) The thickness of the n layers of third structural layers is the same.
4. The composite pipe of claim 1, wherein The carbon fiber layer further comprises a matrix resin.
5. The composite pipe of claim 1, wherein The base layer comprises glass fibers and a matrix resin, and / or the appearance layer comprises carbon fibers and a matrix resin.
6. The composite pipe of claim 1, wherein When n = 2, the carbon fiber layer in the composite pipe comprises a first structural layer, a second structural layer 1, a third structural layer 1, a second structural layer 2, and a third structural layer 2 in sequence. The third structural layer comprises a fourth structural layer and a fifth structural layer connected in sequence. The carbon fiber in the first structural layer forms an angle of 90° with the height direction of the composite pipe. The carbon fiber in the second structural layer forms an angle of 0° with the height direction of the composite pipe. The carbon fiber in the fourth structural layer forms an angle of +45° or -45° with the height direction of the composite pipe. The carbon fiber in the fifth structural layer is perpendicular to the carbon fiber in the fourth structural layer.
7. The composite pipe of claim 1, wherein The thickness of any two fourth structural layers in the n layers of third structural layers is the same, and / or the thickness of any two fifth structural layers in the n layers of third structural layers is the same.
8. The composite pipe of claim 1, wherein The number of filaments of the carbon fiber in at least one of the first structural layer, the second structural layer, and the third structural layer is 10-15k.
9. The composite pipe of claim 1, wherein The base layer is a glass fiber woven cloth, and / or the appearance layer is a plain weave / twill weave cloth.
10. The composite pipe of claim 1, wherein The base layer is a FAW50 type glass fiber woven cloth, and / or the first structural layer comprises a FAW150-T300UD unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, the second structural layer comprises a FAW360-T300UD unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, the third structural layer comprises a FAW150-T300UD unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and / or the appearance layer is a FAW200-3K plain weave woven cloth.