Battery module and single battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery module and a single battery, and mainly solves the problem that the existing battery pack has potential safety hazards. The battery module comprises a battery pack and a pressure-bearing shell, the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries, the plurality of single batteries are arranged in the pressure-bearing shell along the x direction, the bottom of the pressure-bearing shell is provided with an explosion venting channel, and the explosion venting channel covers an explosion venting part at the bottom of each single battery; a first avoiding hole is formed in a top plate of the pressure-bearing shell and corresponds to a polar terminal of each single battery; the polar terminals of the single batteries extend out of the first avoiding holes and then are connected in series through the electric connection assemblies; the top plate area of the cylinder body corresponding to the first avoiding hole is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell; a heat exchange device is arranged at the top of the cylinder body, the heat exchange device is provided with a heat exchange channel through which an insulated heat exchange medium passes, and the insulated heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel is in direct contact with the polar terminal of each single battery for heat exchange.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the battery field, concretely relates to a battery module and single battery. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a plurality of single batteries are connected in series to make them into a battery pack, and the battery pack has the characteristics of high integration and high energy density. However, due to the high concentration of single batteries in the battery pack, a large amount of heat will be generated during the charging and discharging process, and the heat will gradually increase. If the generated heat is not released in time, the heat will accumulate, causing uneven temperature of the battery pack, thereby reducing the service life of the battery pack. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the single batteries in the battery pack is destroyed, leading to thermal runaway of the battery pack. After the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, it is easy to catch fire, and in severe cases, it can even cause an explosion, posing a safety hazard. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model provides a kind of battery module and single battery, mainly solve the problem that existing battery pack exists safety hazard.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A battery module includes a battery pack and a pressure-containing shell. The battery pack includes a plurality of single batteries arranged in the pressure-containing shell along the x-direction. The pressure-containing shell is a closed pressure shell, and the bottom of the pressure-containing shell is provided with a venting channel covering the venting portion of the bottom of each single battery. The top plate of the pressure-containing shell is provided with a first avoiding hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery. After the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the first avoiding hole, it is connected in series through an electrical connection assembly. The area of the top plate of the pressure-containing shell corresponding to the first avoiding hole is fixed and sealed with the shell of the single battery. The top of the pressure-containing shell is provided with a heat exchange device, which is insulated from the pressure-containing shell and each single battery. The heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes. The insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel directly contacts the polarity terminal of each single battery for heat exchange.

[0006] Further, the pressure-containing shell includes a cylinder with two open ends and two end plates sealingly arranged at the open ends of the cylinder. A support extending along the x-direction is arranged between the bottom plate of the cylinder and each single battery. The support forms a venting channel between each single battery and the bottom plate of the cylinder, which covers the venting portion of the bottom of each single battery. Meanwhile, the end plate is provided with a venting mechanism communicating with the venting channel.

[0007] Further, an insulating sealing adhesive layer is provided above the pressure-containing shell. The main part of the heat exchange device is located in the insulating sealing adhesive layer. The adapter pipe connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange device extends out of the insulating sealing adhesive layer.

[0008] Further, the end plate comprises a first sealing plate and a second sealing plate arranged in parallel, the first sealing plate is used for sealing the open end of the cylinder body, and the first sealing plate is provided with an explosion venting mechanism, and the second sealing plate is used for clamping the single battery in the x direction.

[0009] Further, the heat exchange device is a hollow box body with one open end, the open end of the hollow box body is sealingly fixed with the top plate of the pressure-bearing shell, and the cavity formed by the hollow box body and the top plate is used as a heat exchange channel; the hollow box body is provided with a second avoiding hole corresponding to each single battery polarity terminal, each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the corresponding second avoiding hole, and the polarity terminal and the second avoiding hole are sealing.

[0010] Further, the hollow box body mainly comprises a sealing top plate, two first side plates and two second side plates, and the two second side plates are integrally formed with the cylinder body of the pressure-bearing shell, wherein the first side plate is parallel to the yz plane, and the second side plate is parallel to the xz plane.

[0011] Further, the heat exchange device comprises a connecting pipe assembly, each single battery polarity terminal is provided with a channel penetrating through the polarity terminal, the connecting pipe assembly communicates the channels on the polarity terminals of adjacent single batteries to form a heat exchange channel, and the connecting pipe assembly is insulated from each single battery polarity terminal.

[0012] Further, both ports of the channel are provided with a fixing part fixed to the side wall of the polarity terminal and used for connecting with the connecting pipe assembly; and the inner wall of the channel is provided with a heat-conducting rib plate for increasing the heat exchange area.

[0013] The utility model also provides a single battery, the single battery is provided with a functional structure on the polarity terminal, the functional structure is directly contacted with the insulating heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal is increased; and the bottom of the single battery shell is provided with an explosion venting part.

[0014] Further, the functional structure is n first annular grooves, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends along the circumferential direction of the side of the polarity terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal.

[0015] Further, the single battery is provided with a channel penetrating through the polarity terminal, and the functional structure is a heat-conducting rib plate arranged on the inner wall of the polarity terminal.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model technical scheme has the beneficial effects that:

[0017] 1.The battery module is provided with a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes, and the heat exchange channel mainly exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of the single battery with relatively concentrated heat, so as to realize reliable temperature control of each single battery in the battery pack.The battery module adopts a direct heat exchange mode, the insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel directly contacts the polarity terminals of the single battery, the insulating heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminals, the insulating heat exchange medium has a relatively short heat exchange path, and thus the utilization efficiency of the insulating heat exchange medium is improved, the heat exchange efficiency of the battery pack is improved, the temperature control effect of the battery pack is improved, the probability of thermal runaway of the battery pack is reduced, and the safety of the battery pack during use is improved.

[0018] Meanwhile, the utility model still adds a pressure bearing shell outside the battery pack, the pressure bearing shell has a pressure relief channel and certain pressure bearing capacity, when the single battery occurs thermal runaway, can gather the high temperature and high pressure thermal runaway flue gas and electrolyte of single battery in this pressure bearing shell, avoids the harm of high temperature and high pressure thermal runaway flue gas leakage to the surrounding device, further improves the safety of the battery pack in use.

[0019] The polarity terminals of each single battery pass through the top plate of the pressure bearing shell, form a heat exchange channel outside the pressure bearing shell, and electrically connect each single battery outside the pressure bearing shell, which is convenient for the formation of the heat exchange channel and the connection of the electrical connection assembly, and the single battery in the pressure bearing shell is not easy to affect the external electrical connection assembly and the heat exchange channel when thermal runaway.

[0020] 2.In the battery module, the pressure bearing shell adopts a cylinder with two open ends and an end plate arranged at the open end of the cylinder, the pressure bearing shell with this structure is integrally formed by extrusion or the like, so that the pressure bearing performance of the cylinder is good. A support extending in the x direction is arranged between the cylinder bottom plate and each single battery, and the support forms a pressure relief channel between each single battery and the cylinder bottom plate. This way of arranging the pressure relief channel at the bottom corresponds to a smaller cylinder height, and also facilitates the discharge of electrolyte when the single battery thermal runaway occurs, avoiding the continuous occurrence of thermal runaway.

[0021] 3.In the battery module, an insulating sealing rubber layer is arranged above the top plate of the pressure bearing shell, and the main part of the heat exchange device is located in the insulating sealing rubber layer. The insulating sealing rubber layer can avoid short circuit caused by condensation outside the heat exchange device, and further improve the sealing performance of the entire heat exchange device.

[0022] 4.In the battery module, the end plate includes a first sealing plate and a second sealing plate, and the size of the second sealing plate in the x direction is adjusted to clamp all single batteries in the x direction, prevent the expansion of each single battery, and improve the stability of each single battery in the pressure bearing shell.

[0023] 5. In the battery module of the present invention, the heat exchange device is a hollow box with one end open. In the heat exchange channel formed by the hollow box, the insulating heat exchange medium not only directly exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of each single battery, but also directly contacts the top plate of the pressure-bearing shell for heat exchange, further enhancing the heat exchange effect of the insulating heat exchange medium on the battery module.

[0024] 6. In the battery module of the present invention, each cell's polarity terminal is provided with a channel extending through the polarity terminal. A connecting tube assembly connects the channels on the polarity terminals of adjacent cells, forming a heat exchange channel. Both ends of the channel are equipped with fixings that ensure a quick and reliable connection between the polarity terminals and the connecting tube assembly. Furthermore, the inner wall of the channel is provided with thermally conductive ribs to increase the heat exchange area. These ribs increase the contact area between the insulating heat exchange medium and the polarity terminals, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and further improving the heat exchange effect.

[0025] 7. In the single battery of the present invention, a functional structure is provided on the polarity terminal to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal. The portion with the functional structure is placed in the heat exchange device to exchange heat with the insulating heat exchange medium. Compared with the polarity terminal without a functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area, thereby achieving a better heat exchange effect.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the battery module in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery module in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the heat exchange device in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 4 The cross section of the battery module in Example 1 Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 5 The cross section of the battery module in Example 1 Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the battery module in Example 2;

[0035] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the battery module in Example 2;

[0036] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module in Example 3 Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 10 The structure of the heat exchange plate in Example 3 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module in Example 3 Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 12 The structure of the heat exchange plate in Example 3 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the battery module in Example 3;

[0041] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module in Example 4;

[0042] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the polarity terminals of the single battery are provided with channels in Example 4;

[0043] Figure 16 This is an exploded view of the battery module in Example 4;

[0044] Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the battery module in Example 4;

[0045] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the structure of the single battery polarity terminal provided with a fixing portion in Example 4 Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the single battery polarity terminal provided with a fixing portion in Example 4 Figure 2 ;

[0047] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module in Example 5;

[0048] Figure 21 The structure of the single cell in Example 6 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0049] Figure 22 Structure diagram of monomer battery in Example 6 Figure 2 .

[0050] Fig. 1- battery pack, 2- pressure shell, 3- electrical connection assembly, 4- adapter pipe, 5- sealing connector, 6- support, 7- insulating sealing layer, 11- monomer battery, 12- sub-connection pipe, 13- heat exchange pipe, 14- heat exchange plate, 15- first channel, 16- second channel, 17- hollow box, 18- O-shaped sealing ring, 19- explosion venting part, 110- intermediate pipe section, 111- polarity terminal, 112- channel, 113- fixing part, 114- heat conduction rib plate, 115- functional structure, 21- cylinder, 22- end plate, 23- explosion venting channel, 24- explosion venting mechanism, 211- first avoiding hole, 221- first sealing plate, 222- second sealing plate, 31- first electrical connector, 32- second electrical connector, 171- sealing top plate, 173- first side plate, 172- second side plate, 174- second avoiding hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0052] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0053] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of the terms "top, bottom" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first, second, third, etc." are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0054] The utility model provides a kind of battery module, to reduce the harm of each single battery thermal runaway in the battery module, add a pressure-resistant pressure shell on the outside of each single battery, the pressure shell has explosion venting passage and certain pressure capacity, when single battery thermal runaway occurs, high-temperature high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas and electrolyte that single battery sprays can be gathered in the pressure shell, avoid the harm of high-temperature high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas leakage to surrounding device.

[0055] Embodiment 1

[0056] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the utility model provides a kind of battery module, the battery module includes battery pack 1 and pressure shell 2;Battery pack 1 includes multiple single batteries 11, multiple single batteries 11 are arranged in the same direction in pressure shell, the pressure shell is insulated between each single battery, the insulation can be specifically provided with insulation layer on the inner wall of pressure shell, or, increase insulation layer on the shell of each single battery, or, increase insulating pad between single battery and pressure shell, the pressure shell is equipped with explosion venting passage, and the explosion venting passage covers the explosion venting part 19 of each single battery;The number of single battery 11 can be adjusted according to actual demand;The pressure shell 2 is closed pressure shell body, specifically including two open-ended cylinder 21 and the two end plates 22 of the sealed setting in the open end of cylinder 21, the first avoiding hole 211 that can make each single battery 11 polarity terminal 111 stretch out is opened on cylinder 21 top plate, after multiple single batteries 11 are arranged in the same direction in pressure shell 2, each single battery 11 polarity terminal 111 stretches out corresponding first avoiding hole 211, and is realized series connection by electric connection assembly 3;Meanwhile, the polarity terminal 111 of each single battery 11 and first avoiding hole 211 add sealing connector 5, realize the fixed sealing of the region of cylinder top plate corresponding to first avoiding hole 211 and single battery 11 shell.

[0057] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the sealing connector 5 comprises a hollow member, the bottom of which is used for sealing connection with the first area of the single battery 11, and the top of which is sealingly connected with the second area of the top plate of the cylinder body 21; wherein the first area is the area around any polarity terminal 111 on the cover plate of the single battery 11; wherein the area around the polarity terminal 111 is the area around the insulating sealing gasket on the polarity terminal 111. The insulating sealing gasket is a part for insulating the polarity terminal 111 from the cover plate of the single battery 11. The second area is the area of the top plate of the cylinder body 21 corresponding to any one of the first relief holes 211. The top plate area corresponding to the first relief hole 211 is the peripheral area of the top plate outer surface corresponding to any one of the first relief holes 211; or the top plate area corresponding to the first relief hole 211 is the hole wall of the first relief hole 211.

[0058] For the convenience of description, the arrangement direction of the single battery 11 is defined as the x direction, the height direction of the single battery 11 is defined as the z direction, and the direction perpendicular to the x direction and the z direction is defined as the y direction.

[0059] The pressure-containing shell 2 in the embodiment is a closed pressure shell, which mainly integrates and installs the battery pack 1, and also protects the safety of the battery pack 1. Unlike the general shell of the battery pack 1, the pressure-containing shell 2 in the utility model is a closed pressure shell, which can withstand a certain pressure, and when each single battery 11 is in thermal runaway, the pressure-containing shell 2 can ensure that the thermal runaway flue gas does not leak from the pressure-containing shell 2, thereby avoiding harm to the devices near the battery module. Meanwhile, the pressure-containing shell 2 is provided with a venting channel 23 and a venting mechanism 24, the venting mechanism 24 is in communication with the venting channel 23, and the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from each single battery 11 can be discharged in a directional and orderly manner.

[0060] As shown in Figure 2 The shape and size of the pressure-containing shell 2 can be designed to be convenient to place according to the application scene of the battery module. In the embodiment, the pressure-containing shell 2 is a rectangular shell, which specifically comprises a cylinder body 21 with two open ends and two end plates 22 covering the open ends of the cylinder body 21. The front and rear parts of the cylinder body 21 are both open, one of the end plates 22 is sealingly and fixedly connected to the open end of the front part of the cylinder body 21, and the other end plate 22 is sealingly and fixedly connected to the open end of the rear part of the cylinder body 21. The sealing and fixed connection can be welding or threaded connection, etc. The pressure-containing shell 2 has good pressure resistance, and the cylinder body 21 can be integrally formed by extrusion process, so that the cylinder body 21 has good pressure resistance.

[0061] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, based on the structure of the pressure-containing shell 2, when each single battery 11 is installed, each single battery 11 is pushed into the cylinder body 21 from the open end of the cylinder body 21, and then each single battery 11 is lifted to make the polar terminal 111 of each single battery 11 pass through the first avoiding hole 211 in the top plate of the cylinder body 21, and then the support 6 extending in the x direction can be inserted between the bottom plate of the cylinder body 21 and each single battery 11, and the support 6 supports each single battery 11 in the z direction. From the installation process, it can be known that, since each single battery 11 is placed in the cylinder body 21 from the open end of the side of the cylinder body 21, and then the polar terminal 111 of each single battery 11 is stretched out from the first avoiding hole 211 in the top plate of the cylinder body 21, in order to realize the installation of each single battery 11, the height between the bottom plate of the cylinder body 21 and the top plate of the cylinder body 21 needs to be greater than the height between the polar terminal 111 of each single battery 11 and the bottom of the single battery 11.

[0062] After the support 6 lifts and supports each single battery 11, a cavity is formed between each single battery 11 and the bottom plate of the cylinder body 21, and at this time, the cavity can be used as a venting channel 23, and the venting channel 23 covers the venting part 19 at the bottom of each single battery 11, and when the venting part 19 of any single battery 11 is broken by the hot smoke in the cavity, the hot smoke is discharged through the venting channel 23.

[0063] From the above description, it can be known that the preferred scheme is to arrange the venting channel 23 between the bottom plate of the cylinder body 21 and the single battery 11.

[0064] In other embodiments, the pressure-containing shell 2 can also use a cylinder with at least one open end at the top or the bottom, and a top plate or a bottom plate sealing the open end of the cylinder, wherein the top plate is sealingly fixed to the open end at the top of the cylinder, and the bottom plate is sealingly fixed to the open end at the bottom of the cylinder.

[0065] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 The end plate 22 is mainly used for sealing the open end of the cylinder body 21, and the end plate 22 is provided with a venting mechanism 24, and the hot smoke in the pressure-containing shell 2 is discharged out of the pressure-containing shell 2 through the venting mechanism 24. The end plate 22 in the embodiment includes a first sealing plate 221 and a second sealing plate 222 arranged in parallel. The first sealing plate 221 is used for sealing the open end of the cylinder body 21, and the venting mechanism 24 is arranged on the first sealing plate 221. The size of the second sealing plate 222 in the x direction is adjusted to make the end plate 22 clamp all single batteries 11 in the x direction, prevent each single battery 11 from swelling, and improve the stability of each single battery 11 in the pressure-containing shell 2.

[0066] In other embodiments, the end plate 22 can also have a structure of a sealing plate. The end plate 22 with this structure has relatively weak pressure-containing performance compared with the end plate 22 with the above-mentioned double-sealing-plate structure.

[0067] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The end plate 22 is provided with a venting mechanism 24, and the thermal runaway smoke in the venting channel 23 is discharged from the pressure-containing shell 2 through the venting mechanism 24. The venting mechanism 24 specifically includes a venting pipe connected with the venting port on the end plate 22, and a pressure relief part provided on the venting pipe or the venting port. The pressure relief part can be a venting membrane or a venting valve. The venting mechanism 24 can ensure that when the single battery 11 in the pressure-containing shell 2 is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke inside can be orderly discharged from the pressure-containing shell 2.

[0068] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the battery module, a heat exchange device is provided at the top of the cylinder 21, which is insulated from the pressure-containing shell and each single battery. The heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel through which the insulating heat exchange medium passes, and the insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel directly contacts the polar terminal 111 of each single battery 11 for heat exchange. The heat exchange channel uses a direct heat exchange method, so that the polar terminal 111 directly contacts the insulating heat exchange medium to realize heat exchange of the polar terminal 111. Compared with the effect of indirectly exchanging heat between the insulating heat exchange medium and the polar terminal 111 through a heat exchange member, first, the heat exchange path is shorter, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the insulating heat exchange medium; second, the heat exchange area is larger, which improves the heat exchange efficiency, and further improves the heat exchange efficiency of such battery module.

[0069] The insulating heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange channel to directly contact the polar terminal 111, thereby realizing temperature control of the battery pack 1. When the temperature of the battery pack 1 is higher than the set threshold, the battery pack 1 is cooled by introducing the insulating heat exchange medium with lower temperature into the heat exchange channel; when the temperature of the battery pack 1 is lower than the set threshold, the battery pack 1 is heated by introducing the insulating heat exchange medium with higher temperature into the heat exchange channel; by controlling the temperature of the insulating heat exchange medium, the battery pack 1 can always operate at a normal working temperature.

[0070] The heat exchange device and the heat exchange channel in the embodiment are realized by the following structure:

[0071] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the heat exchange device includes a plurality of sub heat exchange devices, each of which corresponds to each single battery 11; each sub heat exchange device includes at least one heat exchange pipe 13, each heat exchange pipe 13 has a first channel extending in the x direction and at least one second channel; the polarity terminal 111 of each single battery 11 passes through the first avoiding hole 211 on the top plate of the cylinder body 21, and then corresponds to the heat exchange pipe 13 in the z direction respectively, and then realizes electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly, and the first channels of the adjacent single battery heat exchange pipes are communicated to form a heat exchange channel; part of the structure of the polarity terminal of each single battery is located in the heat exchange channel and directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium. Each heat exchange pipe is insulated from the adjacent single battery 11.

[0072] The specific structure of the sub heat exchange device in the embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0073] a, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the sub heat exchange device includes two heat exchange pipes 13 arranged in the y direction, each heat exchange pipe 13 is provided with a first channel 15 and a second channel 16; the first channel 15 extends in the x direction; the second channel 16 extends in the z direction and is communicated with the first channel 15; the two polarity terminals 111 of each single battery 11 pass through the second channels 16 on the two heat exchange pipes 13 respectively, and then realize electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly 3, and the two ports of the second channel 16 are sealed between the polarity terminals 111.

[0074] b, the sub heat exchange device includes one heat exchange pipe 13, each heat exchange pipe 13 is provided with a first channel 15 and two second channels 16 arranged in the y direction; the first channel 15 extends in the x direction; the second channel 16 extends in the z direction and is communicated with the first channel 15; the two polarity terminals 111 of each single battery 11 pass through the two second channels 16 on the heat exchange pipe 13 respectively, and then realize electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly 3, and the two ports of the second channel 16 are sealed between the polarity terminals 111.

[0075] c, as shown in Figure 5 As shown, the sub heat exchange device includes two heat exchange pipes 13 arranged in the y direction, the heat exchange pipe 13 is a half pipe, which can be understood as being divided into two halves along the axis of the whole pipe, each half is a half pipe, and the half pipe is buckled and sealed and fixed on the top plate of the cylinder body 21; each heat exchange pipe 13 is provided with a first channel 15 and a second channel 16; the first channel 15 extends in the x direction; the second channel 16 extends in the z direction and is communicated with the first channel 15; the two polarity terminals 111 of each single battery 11 pass through the second channels 16 on the two heat exchange pipes 13 respectively, and then realize electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly 3, and one port of the second channel 16 is sealed between the polarity terminals 111.

[0076] d. The sub-heat exchange device includes a heat exchange tube 13, which is a half-tube. The half-tube is buckled and sealed on the top plate of the cylinder 21. Each heat exchange tube 13 is provided with a first channel 15 and two second channels 16 arranged along the y direction; the first channel 15 is connected along the x direction; the second channel 16 is connected along the z direction and connected to the first channel 15; the two polarity terminals 111 of each single battery 11 pass through the two second channels 16 on the heat exchange tube 13 respectively, and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 3, and a seal is formed between one end of the second channel 16 and the polarity terminal 111.

[0077] When the battery pack 1 is installed, the heat exchange tubes 13 on the polarity terminals 111 of adjacent battery cells 11 are interconnected, serving as heat exchange channels to facilitate heat exchange with each battery cell 11. The present invention does not specifically limit the cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange tubes 13. Since the heat exchange tubes 13 in this embodiment are placed on top of a planar cylindrical body, for structural regularity, the heat exchange tubes 13 in this embodiment are rectangular tubes or rectangular half-tubes. In other embodiments, circular tubes or other tube structures may also be used.

[0078] The first channel 15 is a channel opened along the length direction of the heat exchange tube 13. The inner cavity of the first channel 15 serves as a flow cavity for the insulating heat exchange medium. The two end ports of the first channel 15 serve as the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tube 13 respectively.

[0079] The second channel 16 allows for a portion of the polarity terminal 111 to pass through. In this embodiment, the second channel 16 is perpendicular to the first channel 15. Furthermore, in the z-direction (the height of the battery cell 11), the second channel 16 is smaller than the corresponding polarity terminal 111, ensuring that the top portion of the polarity terminal 111, which serves as an electrical connection, can extend beyond the second channel 16.

[0080] In this embodiment, the port shape of the second channel 16 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 111. The port shape of the second channel 16 is circular, the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 111 is also circular, and the diameter of the two ports of the second channel 16 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 111. In other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the second channel 16 and the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 111 can be different, as long as it is ensured that the polarity terminal 111 can be inserted into the second channel 16 and can be sealed.

[0081] When constructing a battery module, the heat exchange pipes 13 of each single battery 11 on the same side can be connected to form two heat exchange channels on the top of the battery pack 1. The two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel or in series to achieve heat exchange of the battery pack 1 based on the two heat exchange channels.

[0082] In the specific connection, a connecting pipe section can be connected to the inlet end or the outlet end of the heat exchange pipe 13. Taking the connection at the inlet end as an example, the connecting pipe section of one of the heat exchange pipes 13 can be inserted into the outlet end of another heat exchange pipe 13 to realize the communication between the two adjacent heat exchange pipes 13, and the connecting position of the connecting pipe section and the other heat exchange pipe 13 needs to be sealed. As shown in Figure 3 The connecting pipe section can also be arranged at the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of each heat exchange pipe 13, and the connecting pipe section of one of the two adjacent heat exchange pipes 13 is connected to the connecting pipe section of the other heat exchange pipe 13 through the intermediate pipe section 110.

[0083] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 Because the heat exchange pipe 13 is filled with the insulating heat exchange medium, the sealing performance of the heat exchange pipe 13 is particularly important. In order to ensure the sealing performance of the heat exchange pipe 13, two second annular grooves extending along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal 111 are arranged on each polar terminal 111, and the two second annular grooves are arranged along the z direction. An O-shaped sealing ring 18 is embedded in each second annular groove, and the two O-shaped sealing rings 18 are pressed against the two ports of the second channel 16, so that the sealing is realized, and the stability of the heat exchange pipe 13 is also improved.

[0084] In other embodiments, when the heat exchange pipe 13 is made of metal, the polar terminal 111 and the top port of the second channel 16 can be sealed by welding (the top port mentioned herein refers to the port close to the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111, and the welding method can further improve the stability of the heat exchange pipe 13 on the polar terminal 111).

[0085] In order to facilitate the connection with the external pipeline, the heat exchange channel is connected to the adapter pipe 4 at the free end of the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end, and the adapter pipe 4 is connected to the external pipeline.

[0086] It should be noted that:

[0087] Because the polar terminal of the utility model directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium, the ideal insulating heat exchange medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, suitable working temperature, long service life, non-corrosive and other characteristics. In the utility model, the insulating heat exchange medium is the common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulating oil and fluorinated liquid;

[0088] After the heat exchange pipe 13 contacts with the top plate of the cylinder 21 or the polar terminal 111, a short circuit can be caused, and at this time, the insulation between the heat exchange pipe 13 and the top plate of the cylinder 21 or the polar terminal 111 needs to be realized. The insulation can be realized in the following ways:

[0089] 1.1, the heat exchange pipe 13 is made of insulating material;

[0090] 1.2, the middle pipe section 110 is made of insulating material;

[0091] 1.3, the heat exchange pipe 13 is made of non-insulating material, and the heat exchange pipe 13 can be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc., to overcome the problem; an insulating sealing gasket can also be added between the heat exchange pipe 13 and the polarity terminal 111 and the top of the cylinder to overcome the problem; of course, to be on the safe side, multiple insulation methods can be combined to overcome the problem;

[0092] In order to further improve the stability of the heat exchange pipe 13 on the single battery 11, the L-shaped connecting rib can be added between the heat exchange pipe 13 and the cylinder 21, the L-shaped connecting rib is fixedly connected with the heat exchange pipe 13, and the L-shaped connecting rib is fixedly connected with the cylinder 21. The specific connection method can be selected according to the material of the heat exchange pipe 13, for example, the heat exchange pipe 13 of the embodiment is made of insulating material, so the L-shaped connecting rib and the heat exchange pipe 13 and the cylinder 21 can be fixedly connected by screws; when the heat exchange pipe 13 is made of metal material, the L-shaped connecting rib and the heat exchange pipe 13 and the cylinder 21 can be fixedly connected by welding.

[0093] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 When assembling the battery pack 1, the connecting pipe assembly is used to connect the channels 112 on the polarity terminals 111 of each single battery 11, and then the electrical connection between each single battery 11 is realized through the electrical connection assembly 3. The electrical connection assembly 3 in the embodiment includes a first electrical connection 31 and a second electrical connection 32, the first electrical connection 31 is used to realize the series connection between each single battery 11 in the battery pack 1, and the second electrical connection 32 realizes the electrical connection between the battery pack 1 and the external equipment. Each single battery 11 in the battery pack 1 can be connected in series by the following method:

[0094] First, the positive polarity terminals of each single battery 11 are located on the same side of the single battery 11, and the negative polarity terminals of each single battery 11 are located on the other side of the single battery 11; that is, adjacent single batteries 11 have the same polarity on the same side of the polarity terminal 111, and the polarity terminals 111 with different polarities of adjacent single batteries 11 are electrically connected through the first electrical connection 31 arranged in the x direction, and the two second electrical connections 32 are electrically connected with the single batteries 11 at both ends of the battery pack 1, and the two second electrical connections 32 are respectively used as the electrical connection terminals of the battery pack 1;

[0095] Second, the polarity of the adjacent monomer battery 11 is different from the same side polarity terminal 111, that is, the positive polarity terminal of one of the two adjacent monomer batteries 11 and the negative polarity terminal of the other monomer battery 11 are located on the same side of the battery pack 1; At this time, the polarity of the adjacent two monomer batteries 11 on the same side of the polarity terminal 111 is opposite, and the polarity terminals 111 of the adjacent monomer batteries 11 on the same side are electrically connected by the first electrical connection 31 arranged in parallel with the x direction; Two second electrical connections 32 are electrically connected with the monomer batteries 11 at both ends of the battery pack 1, and the two second electrical connections 32 are respectively used as the electrical connection terminals connected to the outside of the battery pack 1;

[0096] The first electrical connection 31 and the second electrical connection 32 are generally an electrical connection plate, which is electrically connected with the polarity terminal 111 of each monomer battery 11, and can be welded on the polarity terminal 111 of each monomer battery 11, or can also be fixed on the polarity terminal 111 of each monomer battery 11 by screws to realize electrical connection.

[0097] Embodiment 2

[0098] As shown in Figures 6 to 8 The battery module in this embodiment is similar in structure to the battery module in Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the structure of the heat exchange device is different from that in Embodiment 1. The heat exchange device in this embodiment is realized by the following structure:

[0099] In this embodiment, the heat exchange device includes a hollow box body 17 with one end open. In order to maintain the regularity of the structure of the battery module, a component with a shape and size suitable for the top plate of the cylinder 21 is usually used as the heat exchange device. In this embodiment, the top plate of the cylinder 21 is a rectangular plate, so the hollow box body 17 is a cubic box body. Second avoiding holes 174 corresponding to the polarity terminals 111 of each monomer battery 11 are formed on the hollow box body 17 opposite to the open end. When the heat exchange device with such a structure is fixed on the top of the cylinder 21, it is buckled on the top of the cylinder 21, and the open end is fixed and sealed with the cylinder 21. In the z direction, the polarity terminal 111 penetrates the heat exchange device, that is, part of the structure of the polarity terminal 111 is located inside the heat exchange device and directly contacts the insulating heat exchange medium, and the polarity terminal 111 and the corresponding second avoiding hole 174 are sealed. Another part of the structure of the polarity terminal 111 is located outside the heat exchange device and is connected with the electrical connection assembly 3. The cavity formed by the hollow box body 12 and the top plate of the cylinder 21 serves as a heat exchange channel.

[0100] In the heat exchange channel formed by the hollow box body 17, the insulating heat exchange medium not only directly exchanges heat with the polar terminals 111 of each single battery 11, but also directly contacts the top plate of the cylinder body 21, and the insulating heat exchange medium can also directly act on the top plate of the cylinder body 21, thereby further improving the heat exchange effect of the insulating heat exchange medium on each single battery and achieving a better heat exchange effect on the battery module.

[0101] As shown in Figures 6 to 8 In this embodiment, a hollow box body 17 with one end open and made of insulating material is buckled on the top plate of the cylinder body 21. In order to ensure that the electrical connection part of each single battery 11 polar terminal 111 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoiding hole 174 of the hollow box body 17, the area of the second avoiding hole 174 in the xy plane needs to be slightly larger than the area of the corresponding electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111 in the xy plane, and in the z direction, it needs to be ensured that the corresponding electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoiding hole 174.

[0102] Generally, the shape of the second avoiding hole 174 is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111. If the second avoiding hole 174 is a round hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111 is circular, then the diameter of the second avoiding hole 174 needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111. If the second avoiding hole 174 is a square hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111 is square, then the area of the second avoiding hole 174 needs to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111. Of course, the shape of the second avoiding hole 174 can also not be matched with the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111, as long as it can ensure that the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoiding hole 174 and achieve sealing between them.

[0103] When the insulating heat exchange medium is a liquid insulating heat exchange medium, the sealing performance of the hollow box body 17 is particularly important. In order to ensure the sealing performance of the hollow box body 17, Figure 8 As can be seen, in this embodiment, a step structure is arranged on each polar terminal 111 along the circumferential direction thereof, and a sealing glue layer is laid on the step surface. When the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 111 protrudes out of the corresponding second avoiding hole 174 of the hollow box body 17, the area around the second avoiding hole 174 of the hollow box body 17 is crimped on the sealing glue layer, and at the same time, the sealing glue layer penetrates into the gap between the second avoiding hole 174 and the polar terminal 111, thereby achieving sealing between the polar terminal 111 and the second avoiding hole 174. In other embodiments, an O-shaped sealing ring can also be sleeved between the polar terminal 111 and the second avoiding hole 174 to achieve sealing therebetween.

[0104] The heat exchange device in the embodiment is easy to contact with the pressure-bearing shell and the polar terminal 111 of each single battery. If the heat exchange device is conductive, there is a short circuit problem. Therefore, the heat exchange device in the embodiment preferably adopts an insulating material. When a non-insulating material is adopted, an insulating sealing ring can be additionally arranged between the polar terminal 111 and the heat exchange device to overcome the problem. The heat exchange device can also be insulated, for example, by spraying insulating paint or wrapping an insulating film. To be on the safe side, multiple insulation methods can be combined to overcome the problem.

[0105] In other embodiments, a hollow box body 17 with one end open can be selected from a metal material. To ensure the insulation between the polar terminal 111 and the second avoiding hole 174, an O-shaped insulating sealing ring can be additionally arranged therebetween to realize insulation and sealing therebetween. The open end of the hollow box body 17 and the cylinder body 21 can be fixed and sealed by welding.

[0106] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , to further improve the sealing performance of the heat exchange device, the hollow box body 17 can adopt the following structure. The hollow box body 17 includes a sealing top plate 171, two first side plates 173 and two second side plates 172. The first side plates are parallel to the yz plane, and the second side plates are parallel to the xz plane. When the cylinder body 21 is manufactured, the two second side plates 172 are integrally formed with the cylinder body 21. When the heat exchange device is constructed, only the sealing top plate 171 and the first side plates 173 of the hollow box body 17 need to be fixed. In this structure, only the sealing top plate 171 needs to be insulated.

[0107] Embodiment 3

[0108] As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 11 , the battery module in the embodiment is similar to the battery module in Embodiment 1. The structure of the heat exchange device in the embodiment is different from that in Embodiment 1. The heat exchange device in the embodiment is realized by the following structure:

[0109] The heat exchange device includes at least one heat exchange plate 14. The heat exchange plate 14 has a first channel 15 extending in the x direction and at least one group of second channels 16 arranged in the x direction. The first channel 15 in the heat exchange plate 14 serves as a heat exchange channel. Each second channel 16 penetrates in the z direction and is communicated with the first channel 15. The polar terminal 111 of each single battery 11 is electrically connected with the electrical connection assembly after penetrating through the second channel 16 in the z direction. Part of the structure of the polar terminal of each single battery is located in the heat exchange channel and directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium. The side wall of the polar terminal 111 of each single battery 11 is sealed with the heat exchange plate 14.

[0110] The heat exchange device is specifically described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0111] a、as Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the heat exchange device includes two heat exchange plates 14 arranged along the y direction, each heat exchange plate 14 corresponds to the polarity terminals 111 of all monomer batteries 11 located on the same side in the battery pack 1;

[0112] Each heat exchange plate 14 is provided with a first channel 15 and a group of second channels 16 arranged along the x direction, the number of the second channels 16 is consistent with the number of the monomer batteries 11; the first channel 15 penetrates along the x direction; the second channel 16 penetrates along the z direction and is communicated with the first channel 15; the polarity terminals 111 of all monomer batteries 11 located on one side respectively pass through the second channels 16 on one heat exchange plate 14 and are electrically connected with the electrical connection assembly 3, the polarity terminals 111 of all monomer batteries 11 located on the other side respectively pass through the second channels 16 on the other heat exchange plate 14 and are electrically connected with the electrical connection assembly 3, and meanwhile, the two ports of each second channel 16 are sealed with the polarity terminals 111.

[0113] Two heat exchange plates 14 are respectively sleeved on the polarity terminals 111 on different sides in the battery pack 1, and the two heat exchange plates 14 can be connected in series, and in some other embodiments, the two heat exchange plates 14 can also be connected in parallel.

[0114] b、as Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the heat exchange device includes one heat exchange plate 14, which is provided with a first channel 15 and two groups of second channels 16 arranged along the x direction; the first channel 15 penetrates along the x direction; the number of the second channels 16 is twice the number of the monomer batteries 11, each second channel 16 penetrates along the z direction and is communicated with the first channel 15; the polarity terminals 111 of all monomer batteries 11 in the battery pack 1 respectively pass through the second channels 16 on the heat exchange plate 14 and are electrically connected with the electrical connection assembly 3, and meanwhile, the two ports of the second channel 16 are sealed with the polarity terminals 111.

[0115] The cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange plate 14 is not specifically limited in the utility model, since the heat exchange plate 14 in the embodiment is placed in a planar top plate structure, considering the structural regularity, it can be seen from the figure that the heat exchange plate 14 in the embodiment is a rectangular plate. In some other embodiments, heat exchange plates of other structural forms can also be used.

[0116] The first channel 15 is a channel opened in the length direction of the heat exchange plate 14, and after the heat exchange plate 14 is fixed on the top of the cylinder body, the length direction of the heat exchange plate 14 is consistent with the length of the cylinder body 21, so the first channel 15 can be considered to extend along the x direction, and the two end ports of the first channel 15 serve as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange plate 14.

[0117] The second channel 16 is a channel 112 penetrating through the heat exchange plate 14 and communicating with the first channel 15, and in the utility model, the extension direction of the second channel 16 is consistent with the height direction of the single battery 11.

[0118] In addition, each group of second channels 16 needs to correspond to the polarity terminal 111 on the same side of the plurality of single batteries 11 one by one, and in the z direction (the height direction of the single battery 11), the size of the second channel 16 is smaller than the size of the corresponding polarity terminal 111, so as to ensure that the top of the polarity terminal 111 as the electrical connection part extends out of the second channel 16.

[0119] The shape of the port of the second channel 16 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 111, the shape of the port of the second channel 16 is circular, the cross section of the polarity terminal 111 is also circular, and the caliber of the two ports of the second channel 16 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 111; in other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the second channel 16 can be different from the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 111, as long as the polarity terminal 111 can be inserted into the second channel 16 and can be sealed.

[0120] After the heat exchange device is installed on the top of the cylinder body, the two ports of the heat exchange device serve as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end respectively, in order to facilitate the connection with the external pipeline, the embodiment further connects the adapter pipe 4 to the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end, and the adapter pipe 4 is connected with the external pipeline.

[0121] As shown in Figure 13 Because the insulating heat exchange medium flows in the heat exchange plate 14, the sealing property of the heat exchange plate 14 is particularly important, in order to ensure the sealing property of the heat exchange plate 14, the embodiment opens two second annular grooves extending along the circumferential direction on each polarity terminal 111, the two second annular grooves are arranged along the z direction, and the O-shaped sealing ring 18 is embedded in the two second annular grooves, the two O-shaped sealing rings 18 are pressed against the two ports of the second channel 16 respectively, so as to realize sealing and improve the stability of the heat exchange plate 14.

[0122] It should be noted that the heat exchange plate 14 contacts the polarity terminal 111 of the pressure-bearing shell and the plurality of single batteries 11 for polarity heat exchange, in order to avoid the problem of short circuit, the following methods can be used to realize the insulation between the heat exchange plate 14 and the pressure-bearing shell and the polarity terminal 111:

[0123] 3.1, the heat exchange plate 14 is made of insulating material, which can realize the insulation between the heat exchange plate 14 and the polarity terminal 111, and realize the insulation between the heat exchange plate 14 and the top of the battery pack 1;

[0124] 3.2, the heat exchange plate 14 is made of non-insulating material, and an insulating member ring is added between the polarity terminal 111 and the heat exchange plate 14; the side wall of the heat exchange plate 14 is insulated, for example, by spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc.; in order to be safe, multiple insulation methods can be combined to overcome this problem.

[0125] In this embodiment, the heat exchange plate 14 is made of insulating material, which can realize the insulation between the heat exchange plate 14 and the top of the battery pack 1 and the polarity terminal 111.

[0126] In order to further improve the stability of the heat exchange plate 14 on the battery pack 1, an L-shaped connecting rib can be added between the heat exchange plate 14 and the cylinder 21, the horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting rib is fixedly connected with the heat exchange plate 14, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped connecting rib is fixedly connected with the cylinder 21. The specific connection method can be selected according to the material of the heat exchange plate 14, for example, the heat exchange plate 14 in this embodiment is made of insulating material, so the L-shaped connecting rib and the heat exchange plate 14 and the cylinder 21 can be fixedly connected by screws; when the heat exchange plate 14 is made of metal material, the L-shaped connecting rib and the heat exchange plate 14 and the cylinder 21 can be fixedly connected by welding.

[0127] Embodiment 4

[0128] The battery module in this embodiment is similar to the battery module in Embodiment 1, and the structure of the heat exchange device in this embodiment is different from that in Embodiment 1. The heat exchange device in this embodiment is realized by the following structure:

[0129] As shown in Figures 14 to 17 , the heat exchange device includes a connecting pipe assembly, the polarity terminal 111 of each single battery 11 is provided with a channel 112 penetrating the polarity terminal 111 in the x direction, the connecting pipe assembly connects the channels 112 on the polarity terminals 111 of adjacent single batteries 11, forms a heat exchange channel, and at the same time, the connecting pipe assembly is insulated from the polarity terminal 111 of each single battery 11.

[0130] The polarity terminal 111 described here can be a single battery 11 pole, and when the height of the single battery 11 pole does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter can be connected to the single battery 11 pole, and the whole structure of the single battery 11 pole and the pole adapter combined together can be used as the single battery 11 polarity terminal 111. The polarity terminal 111 in this embodiment is a single battery 11 pole, which is higher in height than the conventional single battery 11 pole.

[0131] The shape of the polar terminal 111 of each single battery 11 is not limited in the embodiment, and the cross section thereof can be square, circular or the like. Meanwhile, the cross section of the channel 112 is not limited, and the channel 112 with a regular structure such as a circular or square cross section can be generally adopted. In addition, the cross section area of the channel 112 is not too large, provided that the conductivity of the polar terminal 111 is not affected; and the cross section area of the channel 112 is not too small, so as to affect the heat exchange area and the heat exchange effect. The cross section area of the channel 112 can be as large as possible provided that the conductivity of the polar terminal 111 is not affected, so as to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0132] From Figure 14 and Figure 16 It can be seen that the connecting pipe assembly of the embodiment comprises a plurality of sub connecting pipes 12; the two ends of each sub connecting pipe 12 are connected with the channels 112 of the polar terminals 111 of the adjacent single batteries 11 on the same side, so as to form two heat exchange channels at the top of the battery pack 1. Meanwhile, the sub connecting pipe 12 is used to connect the channels 112 of the two polar terminals 111 of the outermost single battery 11 in the battery pack 1, so as to realize the series connection of the two heat exchange channels, form a U-shaped heat exchange channel, and the free ends of the channels 112 of the two polar terminals 111 of the other outermost single battery 11 (the free ends herein refer to the ends of the channels 112 without the sub connecting pipe 12) can be directly used as the two ports of the U-shaped heat exchange channel, and the two ports of the U-shaped heat exchange channel are respectively used as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end.

[0133] In some other embodiments, the two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel, that is, the ports on one side of the two heat exchange channels are used as the liquid inlet ends, and the ports on the other side of the two heat exchange channels are used as the liquid outlet ends.

[0134] In order to facilitate the connection with the external pipeline, the embodiment further connects an adapter pipe 4 with the free ends of the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end, so as to realize the connection with the external pipeline through the adapter pipe 4.

[0135] In the assembly, the two ends of the sub-connection pipe 12 are respectively inserted into the two ports of the adjacent single battery 11 polarity terminal 111 channel 112. When the sub-connection pipe 12 adopts a pipe segment of hard material, it is required that the channels 112 on the adjacent single battery 11 polarity terminal 111 must be coaxial to achieve effective connection. However, in some cases, due to the existence of machining errors, it is difficult to guarantee the coaxiality of the channels 112 on the adjacent single battery 11 polarity terminal 111, therefore, the non-connection part of the sub-connection pipe 12 (here, the non-connection part is the part of the sub-connection pipe 12 which is not connected with the port of the channel 112, and it can also be understood as the middle segment of the sub-connection pipe 12) is preferably flexible, based on the deformation of the sub-connection pipe 12, to overcome the above machining errors, and facilitate the sealed connection of the sub-connection pipe 12 with the corresponding channel 112 port.

[0136] As shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19 , in order to make the connection of the polarity terminal 111 of each single battery 11 and the sub-connection pipe 12 more reliable, a fixing part 113 can also be provided on the side wall of the above-mentioned polarity terminal 111, which can adopt the following structure:

[0137] First, the fixing part 113 is an annular boss integrally formed on the side wall of the polarity terminal 111 and protruding from the side wall of the polarity terminal 111, and the channel 112 passes through the annular boss;

[0138] a. As shown in Figure 18 , the annular boss includes a first annular boss, and the outer wall circumferential dimension of the first annular boss is adapted to the inner wall circumferential dimension of the sub-connection pipe 12, that is, the outer wall circumferential dimension of the first annular boss is consistent with or slightly smaller than the inner wall circumferential dimension of the sub-connection pipe 12;

[0139] In connection, the sub-connection pipe 12 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first annular boss to realize the communication of the channels 112 between the single batteries 11, and in particular, the sub-connection pipe 12 can be sleeved on the first annular boss by interference fit; the fixing part 113 of this structure can increase the heat exchange area of the insulating heat exchange medium, and also facilitate quick and reliable connection with the sub-connection pipe 12.

[0140] b. The annular boss includes a second annular boss, and the inner wall circumferential dimension of the second annular boss is adapted to the outer wall circumferential dimension of the sub-connection pipe 12, that is, the inner wall circumferential dimension of the second annular boss is consistent with or slightly smaller than the outer wall circumferential dimension of the sub-connection pipe 12;

[0141] In the connection, the sub-connection pipe 12 is embedded into the inner wall of the second annular boss to realize the communication of the passages 112 between the single batteries 11. In the connection, the sub-connection pipe 12 can be inserted into the second annular boss through interference fit.

[0142] c. The annular boss comprises a first annular boss and a second annular boss. The outer wall of the first annular boss is adapted to the inner wall of the sub-connection pipe 12 in the circumferential dimension, and the inner wall of the second annular boss is adapted to the outer wall of the sub-connection pipe 12 in the circumferential dimension.

[0143] In the connection, the sub-connection pipe 12 is clamped in the annular groove between the first annular boss and the second annular boss. At this time, the inner wall of the sub-connection pipe 12 is in contact with the outer wall of the first annular boss, and the outer wall of the sub-connection pipe 12 is in contact with the inner wall of the second annular boss. The fixing part 113 of this structure can fix the inner wall and the outer wall of the sub-connection pipe 12 at the same time, improve the stability of the connection between the sub-connection pipe 12 and the polar terminal 111, and at the same time, the fixing part 113 of this structure forms multiple sealed contact surfaces between the sub-connection pipe 12 and the fixing part 113, further improving the sealing and reliability of the connection.

[0144] Second, as shown in Figure 19 The fixing part 113 is a third annular groove provided on the side wall of the polar terminal 111.

[0145] The third annular groove is similar in shape to the sub-connection pipe 12, and the groove width of the third annular groove is consistent with or slightly smaller than the wall thickness of the sub-connection pipe 12. The groove width of the third annular groove specifically refers to the radial dimension of the third annular groove. In the connection, the end of the sub-connection pipe 12 is embedded in the third annular groove. Compared with the structure of the fixing part 113 being an annular boss, the fixing part 113 of this structure can be machined on the existing polar terminal 111, reducing the manufacturing cost of the polar terminal 111.

[0146] In addition, since the heat exchange channel flows with insulating heat exchange medium, the sealing of the entire heat exchange channel is particularly important. In order to ensure the sealing of the heat exchange channel, the sub-connection pipe 12 and the fixing part 113 of the corresponding polar terminal 111 are connected in an interference fit. In other embodiments, a sealing ring can be additionally provided between the two to further improve the sealing performance of the connection part. When the sub-connection pipe 12 is made of metal material, the connection and sealing of the polar terminal 111 and the sub-connection pipe 12 can also be realized by welding, but attention should be paid to the insulation between the polar terminal 111 and the sub-connection pipe 12.

[0147] In order to further optimize the heat exchange effect, as shown in Figure 18As shown, the embodiment can also be provided with a plurality of heat-conducting ribs 114 in the channel 112, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the channel 112, and each extends axially along the channel 112. The heat-conducting ribs 114 can increase the contact area between the insulating heat exchange medium and the polarity terminal 111, i.e. increase the heat exchange area, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange effect. In other embodiments, the number and arrangement of the heat-conducting ribs 114 can be adjusted according to the size of the channel 112, as long as the flow of the insulating heat exchange medium is not affected.

[0148] It should be noted that:

[0149] 1. Since the polarity terminal 111 of the utility model directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium, the ideal insulating heat exchange medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, suitable working temperature, long service life, non-corrosive and other characteristics. In the utility model, the insulating heat exchange medium is the common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be but not limited to insulating oil and fluorinated liquid.

[0150] 2. Since the above-mentioned connecting pipe assembly directly contacts with the polarity terminal 111, the sub connecting pipe 12 and the two polarity terminals 111 connected thereto must be insulated. The insulation can be realized in the following ways:

[0151] 2.1. Selecting the sub connecting pipe 12 made of insulating material;

[0152] 2.2. Using the sub connecting pipe 12 made of non-insulating material, which can be insulated by insulating the pipe wall, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc. The inner wall of the channel 112 connected with the sub connecting pipe 12 can also be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint, etc. An insulating sleeve can also be added between the sub connecting pipe 12 and the channel 112. Of course, in order to be on the safe side, multiple insulation methods can be combined to realize the insulation between the sub connecting pipe 12 and the polarity terminal 111 of the channel 112.

[0153] 2.3. If the adapter pipe 4 is made of metal material, the insulation between the adapter pipe 4 and the polarity terminal 111 also needs to be realized. The specific insulation treatment can be realized by similar insulation methods as the sub connecting pipe 12.

[0154] Embodiment 5

[0155] As Figure 20As shown, the battery module of the embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4, and an insulating sealant layer 7 is laid on the top of the cylinder 21. The main part of the heat exchange device is located in the insulating sealant layer 7, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange device are exposed from the insulating sealant layer 7. At the same time, the insulating sealant layer 7 also fills the space between the polar terminal 111 and the sealing connector 5.

[0156] In this embodiment, the electrical connection part of all polar terminals 111 extends out of the insulating sealant layer 7, so as to be connected with the electrical connector assembly.

[0157] Laying the insulating sealant layer 7 on the top of the battery module has at least the following advantages:

[0158] First, further improve the sealing performance of the heat exchange channel;

[0159] Specifically, the insulating sealant constituting the insulating sealant layer 7 penetrates into the tiny gap between the heat exchange device and the polar terminal (the insulating sealant cannot pass through the tiny gap to enter the inner cavity of the heat exchange channel), and further seals the gap in the radial direction;

[0160] Second, secondary sealing of the first avoiding hole 211 part;

[0161] Even if there is a tiny gap between the sealing connector 5 and the shell of the single battery 11 and the top plate of the cylinder 21 (which does not allow the insulating sealant to pass through), filling the insulating sealant into the space between the polar terminal 111 and the sealing connector 5 can also seal such tiny gaps, further improving the sealing performance of the first avoiding hole 211 part;

[0162] Third, prevent condensation;

[0163] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange device, condensation may be generated on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short circuit problem. The sub-connection pipe 12 or the heat exchange device is wrapped with the insulating sealant layer 7. When condensation is generated on the surface of the sub-connection pipe 12 or the heat exchange device, under the protection of the insulating sealant layer 7, the battery short circuit can be prevented;

[0164] Fourth, improve the stability of the heat exchange device;

[0165] Because the heat exchange device is completely wrapped with the insulating sealant layer 7, the stability of the heat exchange device on the battery module can be further improved.

[0166] In some other embodiments, the electric connection assembly 3 can be connected with the polar terminal 111, and then the insulating sealant layer 7 is laid on the top of the battery module, that is, the insulating sealant layer 7 completely covers the polar terminal 111 of the single battery 11 and the connection position of the electric connection assembly 3 and the polar terminal 111; in the entire battery module, when the cylinder 21 is insulated, only the electric connection terminal of the electric connection assembly (used to realize the series connection of the battery module) is exposed and charged, and the remaining part is insulated, so that such a battery module has higher safety performance.

[0167] In order to prevent the overflow problem in the glue injection process, the partial structure of the cylinder 21 is used as a glue blocking plate in this embodiment. In the z direction, the height of the side plate of the cylinder 21 is higher than the height of the top plate of the cylinder 21. The part of the side plate of the cylinder 21 higher than the top plate of the cylinder 21 is used as a glue blocking plate.

[0168] Embodiment 6

[0169] As shown in Figure 21 , this embodiment provides a single battery 11 for the battery module in embodiments 1 to 5. In this embodiment, the polar terminal 111 of the single battery 11 is provided with a structure for increasing the heat exchange area of the polar terminal. For ease of description, the structure that can increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal is collectively referred to as the functional structure 115. When the polar terminal 111 of each single battery 11 penetrates the heat exchange device, the part of the polar terminal 111 provided with the functional structure 115 is located in the heat exchange device and directly contacts the insulating heat exchange medium. After the battery module is constructed based on such single battery 11, the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 111 and the insulating heat exchange medium can be increased, and thus the heat exchange effect of the insulating heat exchange medium and the battery module is improved.

[0170] The single battery 11 in this embodiment takes a square cell as an example, which includes an outer shell, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte in the outer shell. The outer shell is enclosed by an upper cover assembly, a middle cylinder and a lower cover assembly. The upper cover assembly includes an upper cover plate and two polar terminals 111 with opposite polarities arranged on the upper cover plate. The functional structure 115 on the polar terminal 111 can adopt the following structure:

[0171] First, as Figure 22As shown, the functional structure 115 includes at least one first annular groove formed on the side of the polarity terminal 111. Multiple first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal 111, and each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side of the polarity terminal 111. The number of first annular grooves, as well as dimensions such as the groove width and depth, can be adjusted as needed, without affecting the electrical conductivity of the polarity terminal 111. The first annular grooves can increase the heat exchange area of ​​this portion of the polarity terminal 111. When this portion is placed within the inner cavity of the heat exchange device, it has a larger heat exchange area than the polarity terminal 111 with smooth sides, thereby achieving a better heat exchange effect.

[0172] Second, the functional structure 115 includes dot-shaped pits and protrusions on the side of the polarity terminal 111. The dot-shaped pits and protrusions can increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal 111. After the polarity terminal 111 is placed in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device, the polarity terminal with dot-shaped pits and protrusions has a larger heat exchange area than the polarity terminal 111 with smooth side surfaces, thereby achieving a better heat exchange effect.

[0173] Third, the functional structure 115 includes a through hole formed on the polarity terminal 111 and extending through the polarity terminal 111. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole is increased as much as possible without affecting the electrical conductivity of the polarity terminal 111, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange effect. Two or more through holes may also be provided without affecting the electrical conductivity of the polarity terminal 111.

[0174] Fourth, if Figure 18 As shown, the functional structure 115 includes a heat-conducting rib 114, dot-shaped pits, protrusions, etc. arranged on the inner wall of the channel 112; based on the heat-conducting rib 114, dot-shaped pits, and protrusions, the contact area between the insulating heat exchange medium and the polarity terminal 111 can be increased, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange effect.

[0175] The functional structures 115 of the first, second and third structures are applicable to the battery modules in Examples 1, 2, 3 and 5; the functional structure 115 of the fourth structure is applicable to the battery module in Example 4.

[0176] In addition, when the above-mentioned single cells 11 are combined into a battery module, the explosion relief portion 19 of each single cell 11 is arranged on the lower cover assembly of the single cell 11, corresponding to the explosion relief channel 23 at the bottom of the pressure-bearing shell 2. The explosion relief portion 19 can specifically be an explosion relief membrane arranged on the lower cover assembly. When the explosion relief portion 19 of any single cell 11 is broken through by the thermal runaway flue gas in the inner cavity, the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged to the pressure-bearing shell 2 through the explosion relief channel 23.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized by, The battery pack and the pressure-containing shell are included; The battery pack includes a plurality of single batteries arranged in the x direction in the pressure-containing shell; The pressure-containing shell is a closed pressure shell, and the bottom of the pressure-containing shell is provided with a blast venting channel covering the blast venting part at the bottom of each single battery; The top plate of the pressure-containing shell is provided with a first avoiding hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery; the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the first avoiding hole and is connected in series through an electrical connection assembly; the region of the top plate of the pressure-containing shell corresponding to the first avoiding hole is fixed and sealed with the single battery shell; The top of the pressure-containing shell is provided with a heat exchange device, which is insulated from the pressure-containing shell and each single battery; the heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes, and the insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel directly contacts the polarity terminal of each single battery for heat exchange.

2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, The pressure-containing shell includes a cylinder with two open ends and two end plates sealingly arranged at the open ends of the cylinder; a support extending in the x direction is arranged between the bottom plate of the cylinder and each single battery, and the support forms a blast venting channel between each single battery and the bottom plate of the cylinder, which covers the blast venting part at the bottom of each single battery; meanwhile, the end plate is provided with a blast venting mechanism communicating with the blast venting channel.

3. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, An insulating sealing rubber layer is arranged above the pressure-containing shell, and the main part of the heat exchange device is located in the insulating sealing rubber layer; an adapter pipe connected to the liquid inlet and outlet of the heat exchange device extends out of the insulating sealing rubber layer.

4. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, The end plate includes a first sealing plate and a second sealing plate arranged in parallel, the first sealing plate is used to seal the open end of the cylinder, and the first sealing plate is provided with a blast venting mechanism, and the second sealing plate is used to clamp the single battery in the x direction.

5. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The heat exchange device is a hollow box with one open end, and the open end of the hollow box is sealingly fixed with the top plate of the pressure-containing shell, and the cavity formed by the hollow box and the top plate is used as a heat exchange channel; The hollow box is provided with a second avoiding hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery, and the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the corresponding second avoiding hole and is sealingly arranged between the second avoiding hole.

6. The battery module of claim 5, wherein, The hollow box mainly includes a sealing top plate, two first side plates and two second side plates, and the two second side plates are integrally formed with the cylinder of the pressure-containing shell, wherein the first side plate is parallel to the yz plane, and the second side plate is parallel to the xz plane.

7. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The heat exchange device includes a connecting pipe assembly, each single battery is provided with a channel penetrating through the polarity terminal, and the connecting pipe assembly connects the channels on the polarity terminals of adjacent single batteries to form a heat exchange channel, and the connecting pipe assembly is insulated from the polarity terminal of each single battery.

8. The battery module of claim 7, wherein, Both ports of the channel are provided with a fixed part fixed to the side wall of the polarity terminal for connecting with the connecting pipe assembly; the inner wall of the channel is provided with a heat conduction rib plate for increasing the heat exchange area.

9. A single cell characterized by, The polarity terminal of the single battery is provided with a functional structure which directly contacts the insulating heat exchange medium for increasing the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal; the bottom of the single battery shell is provided with a blast venting part.

10. The cell according to claim 9, wherein The functional structure is n first annular grooves, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal side, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal.

11. The cell according to claim 9, wherein The polar terminal of the single battery is provided with a channel penetrating through the polar terminal, and the functional structure is a heat-conducting rib plate formed on the inner wall of the polar terminal.

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