Shell assembly, battery monomer, battery and electric device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shell assembly, a battery monomer, a battery and an electric device. The shell assembly comprises a graphene / aluminum alloy main body with an open end; and the top cover assembly is arranged at the open end of the graphene / aluminum alloy main body, and the top cover assembly and the graphene / aluminum alloy main body jointly define a containing space. According to the shell assembly provided by the invention, the graphene / aluminum alloy main body is adopted to replace a traditional aluminum alloy main body, and the graphene / aluminum alloy main body has excellent heat-conducting property, so that rapid conduction of heat from the inside of the battery to the outside can be realized, and the heat accumulation risk of the battery under a high-temperature condition is reduced; and the cycle life and the safety performance of the battery are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a shell assembly, a battery monomer, a battery and an electric device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Batteries are widely used in the field of new energy, such as electric vehicles, new energy vehicles, etc. New energy vehicles and electric vehicles have become a new trend in the development of the automobile industry.

[0003] However, the current aluminum shell battery has poor heat conduction performance, which is not conducive to the heat dissipation of the battery, thereby affecting the cycle performance and safety performance of the battery. Utility model content

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a shell assembly, a battery monomer, a battery and an electric device to improve the heat conduction performance of the battery, so as to realize the rapid conduction of heat through the shell, and further improve the cycle performance and safety performance of the battery.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a shell assembly, which comprises: a graphene / aluminum alloy body having an open end; and a top cover assembly arranged at the open end of the graphene / aluminum alloy body, the top cover assembly and the graphene / aluminum alloy body together defining a containing space.

[0006] In some embodiments, the graphene / aluminum alloy body comprises: a first wall opposite to the open end; and a second wall surrounding the outer periphery of the first wall.

[0007] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first wall is 1mm-1.5mm, and the thickness of the second wall is 0.5mm-1mm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the graphene / aluminum alloy body further comprises: a transition wall connecting adjacent second walls; wherein the first wall and the second wall are planar walls, and the transition wall is a circumferential wall.

[0009] In some embodiments, the top cover assembly comprises: a top cover sheet arranged at the open end of the graphene / aluminum alloy body, the top cover sheet being provided with an explosion-proof hole; and an explosion-proof valve arranged in the explosion-proof hole, the explosion-proof valve being used to release the gas released by the battery monomer due to thermal runaway.

[0010] In some embodiments, the graphene / aluminum alloy body is an integrally formed structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the graphene / aluminum alloy body is 160MPa-230Mpa.

[0012] In some embodiments, the elongation of the graphene / aluminum alloy body is 2.5%-5%.

[0013] In some embodiments, the graphene / aluminum alloy body has a thermal conductivity of 210 W / m·K to 560 W / m·K at 25℃.

[0014] The second aspect of the present application provides a battery monomer, which comprises the shell assembly provided in the first aspect.

[0015] The third aspect of the present application provides a battery, which comprises the battery monomer provided in the second aspect.

[0016] The fourth aspect of the present application provides an electric device, which comprises the battery provided in the third aspect.

[0017] Compared with the conventional technology, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The shell assembly provided in the present application replaces the conventional aluminum alloy body with a graphene / aluminum alloy body, which has excellent thermal conductivity and can quickly conduct heat from the inside of the battery to the outside, thereby reducing the risk of heat accumulation of the battery under high temperature conditions and improving the cycle life and safety performance of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery monomer in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] REFERENCE SIGNS

[0021] 1. battery monomer;

[0022] 10. shell assembly;

[0023] 11. graphene / aluminum alloy body; 111, open end; 112, second wall; 113, transition wall;

[0024] 12. top cover assembly; 121, top cover sheet; 122, explosion-proof hole; 123, explosion-proof valve; 124, liquid injection hole;

[0025] 20. electrode assembly; 21, positive pole; 22, negative pole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, so the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] In the description of the application, it should be understood that, if there are these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.

[0028] In addition, if there are these terms "first", "second", these terms are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the application, if the term "multiple" appears, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if there are terms such as "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like, these terms should be broadly understood. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if there are similar descriptions such as "first feature on" or "below" the second feature, the meaning can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0031] It is to be noted that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on or connected to the other element or intervening elements can be present. In addition, the term "connected" can mean electrically connected, physically connected, or communicatively connected.

[0032] As used herein, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", "contain", "containing", "have", "having", "consist", "consisting", "consisting essentially of" and the like are inclusive, unless otherwise expressly specified herein.

[0033] As used herein, the term "or" is inclusive, unless otherwise expressly specified herein. For example, the phrase "A or B" means "A, B, or both A and B". More specifically, any of the following are satisfied: A is true (or present) and B is false (or not present); A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present); or both A and B are true (or present).

[0034] A first aspect of the present application provides a shell assembly 10, as shown in the drawings, which comprises a graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 and a top cover assembly 12. The graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 has an open end 111. The top cover assembly 12 is arranged at the open end 111 of the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11, and the top cover assembly 12 and the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 together define a containing space. Figure 1

[0035] The shell assembly 10 provided by the present application replaces the conventional aluminum alloy body with the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11, which has excellent heat conduction performance, can realize rapid conduction of heat from the inside of the battery to the outside, reduce the risk of heat accumulation of the battery under high temperature conditions, and thus improve the cycle life and safety performance of the battery.

[0036] In this document, the "graphene / aluminum alloy body" refers to a shell structure with an open end prepared from a composite material formed by taking an aluminum alloy as a base material and graphene as a reinforcing material. It can be understood that the graphene / aluminum alloy material is a conventional composite material in the prior art, and the present application does not improve it.

[0037] ​In some embodiments, the content of graphene in the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 is less than or equal to 1%. Exemplarily, the content of graphene in the graphene / aluminum alloy body can be, but is not limited to, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%. The density of graphene is 2.25 g / cm 3 , the density of aluminum alloy is 2.73 g / cm 3 , and the two values are close to each other, so that the graphene is prone to agglomeration at the grain boundaries of the metal matrix when the content of graphene is too high. In this embodiment, the content of graphene is limited within the above range, the graphene is more uniformly dispersed in the aluminum alloy, the adverse effects of agglomeration of graphene on the performance of the graphene / aluminum alloy body are avoided, and the cost and processing difficulty are reduced. It can be understood that the content of graphene in the graphene / aluminum alloy material is the conventional material ratio in the prior art, and the present application does not improve it.

[0038] In some embodiments, the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 includes a first wall (not shown in the figure) and a second wall 112. The first wall is opposite to the open end 111. The second wall 112 is arranged around the outer periphery of the first wall.

[0039] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first wall is 1 mm to 1.5 mm, and the thickness of the second wall 112 is 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

[0040] In some embodiments, the transition wall 113 connects adjacent second walls 112. In this embodiment, the first wall and the second wall 112 are planar walls, and the transition wall 113 is a circumferential wall. In this embodiment, the transition wall 113 is a circumferential wall, which optimizes the heat transfer path inside the battery, is more conducive to achieving rapid conduction of heat from the inside of the battery to the outside, further reduces the risk of heat accumulation of the battery under high temperature conditions, and improves the cycle life and safety performance of the battery. At the same time, the circumferential wall structure of the transition wall 113 also enhances the structural stability between the first wall and the second wall 112 of the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11, avoids stress concentration of the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 on the planar wall structure of the first wall and the second wall 112, and improves the durability of the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11.

[0041] In some embodiments, the top cover assembly 12 includes a top cover sheet 121 and an explosion-proof valve 123. The top cover sheet 121 is arranged at the open end 111 of the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11, and the explosion-proof hole 122 is formed in the top cover sheet 121. The explosion-proof valve 123 is arranged in the explosion-proof hole 122, and the explosion-proof valve 123 is used to release the gas released by the battery monomer 1 due to thermal runaway. In this embodiment, when the battery appears thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve 123 can be opened to release the gas released by the battery monomer 1 due to thermal runaway, thereby further improving the safety performance of the battery monomer 1.

[0042] Specifically, the explosion pressure threshold of the explosion-proof valve 123 is lower than the explosion pressure threshold of the shell assembly 10.

[0043] In some embodiments, a liquid injection hole 124 is further formed on the top cover sheet 121. The liquid injection hole 124 is used to inject electrolyte into the accommodation space.

[0044] In some embodiments, the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 is an integrally formed structure. In this embodiment, the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 is integrally formed, which simplifies the manufacturing process, and because no additional connecting structure is needed, the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 has higher connection firmness, thereby further improving the safety and long-term stability of the battery.

[0045] In other embodiments, the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 is a detachable structure.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 can be prepared by using a stirring casting method. In a vacuum atmosphere, the molten aluminum alloy (>700℃) is mechanically stirred to introduce and uniformly distribute the reinforcing graphene, and then cast into a U-shaped mold to obtain the graphene / aluminum alloy body. This method is simple, does not require complex physical and chemical processes, and can achieve large-scale industrial application. In addition, the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 prepared by this preparation method is an integrally formed structure.

[0047] In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 is 160MPa-230Mpa.

[0048] In some embodiments, the elongation of the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 is 2.5%-5%.

[0049] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 at 25℃ is 210W / m·K-560W / m·K.

[0050] The graphene / aluminum alloy body 11 ensures good mechanical strength while having excellent thermal conductivity, which can quickly conduct heat from the inside of the battery to the outside on the basis of ensuring structural stability and durability and reducing the possibility of foreign objects piercing the shell assembly 10, thereby reducing the risk of heat accumulation of the battery under high temperature conditions, and further improving the cycle life and safety performance of the battery.

[0051] The second aspect of the present application provides a battery monomer 1, which comprises the shell assembly 10 provided by the first aspect.

[0052] The electrode assembly 20 is a component in which electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 1. One or more electrode assemblies 20 can be included within the case assembly 10. The electrode assembly 20 is mainly formed by winding or layering a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is generally provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet each have a portion with an active material that constitutes a main body of the electrode assembly 20, and a portion without the active material that constitutes a tab. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or at opposite ends of the main body. During charging and discharging of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are connected to the positive electrode post 21 and the negative electrode post 22, respectively, to form a current loop.

[0053] The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode active material capable of reversibly deintercalating-intercalating metal ions, and the positive electrode active material can be a ternary material, a lithium iron phosphate material, a lithium manganese material, a lithium cobalt material, or a lithium manganese iron phosphate material. The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode active material capable of reversibly deintercalating-intercalating metal ions, and the negative electrode active material can be a graphite material, a silicon-based material, or a silicon-carbon composite material.

[0054] The third aspect of the present application provides a battery including the battery cell 1 according to the second aspect described above.

[0055] The battery referred to in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells 1 to provide higher voltage and capacity.

[0056] In the battery, the battery cell 1 can be one or multiple. If the battery cell 1 is multiple, the multiple battery cells 1 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection. The mixed connection refers to a connection in which some of the multiple battery cells 1 are connected in series and some are connected in parallel. The multiple battery cells 1 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and the whole of the multiple battery cells 1 can be accommodated in a case. Alternatively, the multiple battery cells 1 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a battery module, and multiple battery modules can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, which can be accommodated in a case.

[0057] In some embodiments, the battery can be a battery module, and when the battery cell 1 is multiple, the multiple battery cells 1 can be arranged and fixed to form a battery module.

[0058] In some embodiments, the battery can be a battery pack, and the battery pack can include a case and a battery cell or a battery module accommodated in the case.

[0059] In some embodiments, the case can be part of a chassis structure of a vehicle. For example, part of the case can be at least part of a floor panel of the vehicle, or part of the case can be at least part of a cross beam and a longitudinal beam of the vehicle.

[0060] In some embodiments, the battery can be an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, etc.

[0061] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a power utilization device comprising the battery provided in the third aspect. Thus, the power utilization device has all the features and advantages of the battery provided in the third aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] The power utilization device can be a vehicle, a mobile phone, a portable device, a notebook computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, etc. The vehicle can be a fuel automobile, a gas automobile, or a new energy automobile, and the new energy automobile can be a pure electric automobile, a hybrid electric automobile, or a range extended automobile, etc. The spacecraft includes an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc. The electric toy includes a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric automobile toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc. The electric tool includes a metal cutting electric tool, a grinding electric tool, an assembling electric tool, and a railway electric tool, such as an electric drill, an electric grinder, an electric wrench, an electric screwdriver, an electric hammer, an impact electric drill, a concrete vibrator, an electric planer, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not specially limit the power utilization device.

[0063] The present application will be further described below in combination with examples and comparative examples.

[0064] Preparation method of graphene / aluminum alloy body:

[0065] The smelting furnace maintains a vacuum environment, and the vacuum degree is -0.1 MPa. Al-3000-H14 is added, heated at a high temperature of 650-700°C to melt it, and stirring is performed at the same time. Then, graphene particles (≤1%) are added at a stirring speed of 180-250 r / min, and the stirring time is 1-2 h. After the stirring is completed, the melt is immediately poured into an alloy steel mold at 200°C, and the graphene / aluminum alloy body is obtained after demolding and cooling.

[0066] Examples 1-4

[0067] The graphene / aluminum alloy body of the above examples is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] The present comparative example provides an aluminum alloy body, and the preparation method thereof is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that no graphene particles are added during the smelting process.

[0070] The specific experimental parameters of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 1 below.

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073] Performance test

[0074] The tensile strength, elongation and thermal conductivity of the graphene / aluminum alloy body or the aluminum alloy body obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were tested. The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0075] Table 2

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] As shown in Table 2, it can be seen from Comparative Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 that the shell assembly provided by the present application has a graphene / aluminum alloy body, which ensures good mechanical strength and excellent thermal conductivity, can realize rapid conduction of heat from the inside of the battery to the outside on the basis of ensuring structural stability and durability and reducing the possibility of foreign objects piercing the shell assembly, reduces the risk of heat accumulation of the battery under high temperature conditions.

[0079] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, and in order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictory, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0080] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A housing assembly, characterized by, The shell assembly comprises: a graphene / aluminum alloy body having an open end; and a top cover assembly arranged at the open end of the graphene / aluminum alloy body, the top cover assembly and the graphene / aluminum alloy body together defining a containing space.

2. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The graphene / aluminum alloy body comprises: a first wall opposite to the open end; and a second wall surrounding the periphery of the first wall.

3. The housing assembly of claim 2, wherein, The thickness of the first wall is 1mm-1.5mm, and the thickness of the second wall is 0.5mm-1mm.

4. The housing assembly of claim 2, wherein, The graphene / aluminum alloy body further comprises: a transition wall connecting adjacent second walls; wherein the first wall and the second wall are planar walls, and the transition wall is a circumferential wall.

5. The housing assembly of claim 1, wherein, The top cover assembly comprises: a top cover sheet arranged at the open end of the graphene / aluminum alloy body, the top cover sheet having an explosion-proof hole formed therein; an explosion-proof valve arranged at the explosion-proof hole, the explosion-proof valve being used for discharging gas released by a battery monomer due to thermal runaway.

6. The housing assembly of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The graphene / aluminum alloy body is of an integral molding structure.

7. The housing assembly of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The graphene / aluminum alloy body has a tensile strength of 160MPa-230MPa; and / or, The graphene / aluminum alloy body has an elongation of 2.5%-5%; and / or, The graphene / aluminum alloy body has a thermal conductivity of 210W / m·K-560W / m·K at 25℃.

8. A battery cell characterized by, The battery comprises the shell assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A battery, characterized by The battery monomer comprises the battery as claimed in claim 8.

10. An electrical device, characterized by The battery comprises the battery as claimed in claim 9.

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