Battery shell, battery, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, and discloses a battery shell, a battery, a battery pack and a vehicle, and the battery shell comprises a shell body, a cavity and a buffer part. The shell body is used for accommodating a battery cell; the cavity is connected with the shell body and used for being arranged between the shell body and the liquid cooling plate. The buffer part is arranged in the cavity, the first side of the buffer part is connected with the inner wall of the side, close to the shell body, of the cavity, and the second side of the buffer part is connected with the inner wall of the side, away from the shell body, of the cavity. The buffer part plays a role in buffering in the cavity, and the side, away from the shell body, of the cavity is connected with the liquid cooling plate, so that the cavity is arranged between the shell body and the liquid cooling plate. And under the buffering action of the cavity and the internal buffering piece, the counter-acting force of the liquid cooling plate on the shell body is reduced, the vibration impact on the shell body and the battery is reduced, and the battery leakage caused by fatigue fracture of the anti-explosion valve is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a battery shell, a battery, a battery pack and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the popularization of new energy vehicles, the application of lithium batteries is becoming more and more widespread in recent years. In order to ensure heat dissipation, a liquid cooling plate is arranged inside the battery pack, and the batteries inside the battery pack are connected with the liquid cooling plate through structural adhesive. The heat generated by the batteries can be transferred to the liquid cooling plate, thereby cooling and dissipating heat for the batteries.

[0003] In addition, the batteries of the battery pack are all provided with explosion-proof valves for opening the valve to release internal pressure under thermal runaway of the battery cell. Since the explosion-proof valve needs to meet the opening valve requirement, the battery explosion-proof valve is designed to be relatively thin. However, when the battery is subjected to a large vibration impact for a long time, the explosion-proof valve is prone to fatigue fracture, thereby causing battery leakage.

[0004] For example, in the related art, a "blade" type battery is arranged inside the battery pack, a top cover and a liquid cooling plate located below the top cover are arranged inside the battery pack, the "blade" type battery is vertically arranged between the top cover and the liquid cooling plate, a plurality of "blade" type batteries are arranged in sequence along the liquid cooling plate, the top of the shell of each "blade" type battery is connected with the top cover through structural adhesive, and the bottom of the shell of each "blade" type battery is connected with the liquid cooling plate through structural adhesive. The battery is easily subjected to a large vibration impact of the liquid cooling plate in the direction of the Z-axis of the vehicle, and the explosion-proof valve is prone to fatigue fracture, thereby causing battery leakage.

[0005] Therefore, how to solve or improve the problem that the battery is easily subjected to a large vibration impact of the liquid cooling plate in the related art has become an important technical problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art. Utility model content

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a battery shell, a battery, a battery pack and a vehicle to solve or improve the problem that the battery is easily subjected to a large vibration impact of the liquid cooling plate.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery shell, comprising:

[0008] a shell body for accommodating a battery cell;

[0009] a cavity connected with the shell body and arranged between the shell body and a liquid cooling plate;

[0010] a buffer arranged in the cavity, a first side of the buffer being connected with an inner wall of the cavity close to the shell body, and a second side of the buffer being connected with an inner wall of the cavity away from the shell body.

[0011] Optionally, the buffer member is provided in at least two, and the at least two buffer members are arranged at intervals to form a channel for the cooling medium to flow between the adjacent two buffer members.

[0012] Optionally, the buffer member is provided in a sheet structure, and the length direction of the buffer member and the length direction of the cavity are consistent with the length direction of the shell body.

[0013] Optionally, the cavity is provided with an opening at each end along the length direction thereof, and the buffer member is located inside the opening at each end along the length direction thereof.

[0014] Optionally, the cross section of the buffer member is provided in an S shape, a C shape or a Z shape.

[0015] Optionally, the shell body and the cavity are provided in an integrated structure.

[0016] In a second aspect, the application further provides a battery comprising a battery cell and the battery shell as described above, wherein the battery cell is arranged in the shell body.

[0017] Optionally, the battery shell and the battery cell are both provided in a cuboid structure.

[0018] In a third aspect, the application further provides a battery pack comprising a liquid cooling plate and the battery as described above, wherein the side of the buffer member away from the shell body is connected to the liquid cooling plate.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the application further provides a vehicle comprising the battery pack as described above.

[0020] The battery shell provided by the application comprises a shell body, a cavity and a buffer member. The shell body is internally arranged to accommodate a battery cell, and the cavity is connected to the shell body. The buffer member is arranged in the cavity, so that the first side of the buffer member is connected to the inner wall of the side of the cavity close to the shell body, and the second side of the buffer member is connected to the inner wall of the side of the cavity away from the shell body. Thus, the buffer member plays a buffering role in the cavity.

[0021] In this way, when the battery pack is assembled, the side of the cavity away from the shell body is connected to the liquid cooling plate, so that the cavity is arranged between the shell body and the liquid cooling plate. The reaction force generated by the liquid cooling plate acts on the side of the cavity away from the shell body, and the reaction force is reduced by the buffering action of the buffer member in the cavity, and then acts on the side of the cavity close to the shell body, and is then transmitted to the shell body. Under the buffering action of the cavity and the buffer member inside, the reaction force of the liquid cooling plate on the shell body is reduced, the vibration impact on the shell body and the battery is reduced, and the fatigue fracture of the explosion-proof valve to cause battery leakage is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a battery shell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a battery shell according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in FIG. 1;

[0025] Figure 3 A front view of a battery shell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 A front view of another battery shell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 A front view of still another battery shell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the inside of a cavity of a battery shell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 A first perspective view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 A second perspective view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Explanation of reference signs:

[0032] 1, shell body; 2, cavity; 3, buffer; 4, channel; 5, positive electrode end cover; 6, negative electrode end cover; 7, explosion-proof valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] The embodiments of the present application will be described below in combination with Figures 1 to 8

[0035] ​According to the embodiments of the present application, in one aspect, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 A battery shell is provided, comprising a shell body 1, a cavity 2 and a buffer 3. The shell body 1 is internally provided with a receiving cavity for accommodating a battery cell. The cavity 2 is connected to the bottom of the shell body 1, and the buffer 3 is arranged in the cavity 2.

[0036] The buffer 3 has oppositely arranged first and second sides. The first side of the buffer 3 is connected to the inner wall of the side of the cavity 2 close to the shell body 1, and the second side of the buffer 3 is connected to the inner wall of the side of the cavity 2 away from the shell body 1. That is, the top of the buffer 3 is connected to the top wall inside the cavity 2, and the bottom of the buffer 3 is connected to the bottom wall inside the cavity 2. Thus, the buffer 3 plays a buffering role between the top and bottom walls inside the cavity 2.

[0037] In this way, when the battery is assembled, the end cover on the two ends of the shell body 1 is provided with an explosion-proof valve. When the battery pack is assembled, the side of the cavity 2 away from the shell body 1 is connected to the liquid cooling plate by structural adhesive, at which time the cavity 2 is arranged between the shell body 1 and the liquid cooling plate. During driving, the vehicle using the battery pack produces a large Z-axis bump, and the inertia of the self-weight of the battery acts on the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate generates a reaction force on the shell body 1 of the battery. Since the cavity 2 is located between the shell body 1 and the liquid cooling plate, the reaction force generated by the liquid cooling plate acts on the side of the cavity 2 away from the shell body 1, and the reaction force is reduced by the buffer 3 in the cavity 2 and then acts on the side of the cavity 2 close to the shell body 1 and then transmitted to the shell body 1. Under the buffering action of the cavity 2 and the internal buffer 3, the reaction force of the liquid cooling plate on the shell body 1 is reduced, the vibration impact on the shell body 1 and the battery is reduced, and the fatigue fracture of the explosion-proof valve is avoided to cause battery leakage.

[0038] The material of the buffer 3 and the cavity wall of the cavity 2 can be aluminum or other materials with certain elasticity. The shell body 1 can be processed by aluminum drawing, aluminum extrusion, bending and high-frequency welding processes, and the thickness of the shell body 1 can be 0.35mm-0.8mm.

[0039] In optional embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 The buffer 3 is provided with at least two buffers. All the buffers 3 collectively play a buffering role inside the cavity 2, and the buffering effect is more obvious.

[0040] At least two buffers 3 are arranged at intervals, so that a channel 4 is formed between the two adjacent buffers 3. During use of the battery cell, cooling medium can be introduced into the channel 4, and the cooling medium exchanges heat with the battery cell in the shell body 1 when flowing in the channel 4, thereby reducing the temperature of the battery cell. The cooling medium can be a circulating cooling liquid of the battery pack, or can be cooling air, etc.

[0041] The cooling operation can be used in the process of large rate charging and discharging of the battery. Alternatively, the temperature of the battery cell is detected in real time using a temperature sensor, and the cooling medium is introduced to rapidly cool down after reaching the specified temperature.

[0042] The number of buffer pieces 3 can be set to 3-6. For the channel 4, the channel 4 can be formed between any two adjacent buffer pieces 3.

[0043] For a battery pack composed of multiple batteries, the channels 4 in the cavities 2 of adjacent batteries are connected by U-shaped tubes, which can be connected by welding, curing of glue, or interference fit, etc. The cooling medium flows through the channels 4 in the cavities 2 of multiple batteries.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 The buffer piece 3 is set to a sheet structure, and the length direction of the buffer piece 3 is consistent with the length direction of the cavity 2 and the shell body 1. In this way, the extension direction of the channel 4 formed between the two adjacent buffer pieces 3 is consistent with the length direction of the cavity 2, so that the length of the channel 4 is longer. This increases the time of the cooling medium flowing in the channel 4, and further increases the cooling effect.

[0045] The thickness of the sheet-shaped buffer piece 3 can be 0.5-2mm. The cavity wall of the cavity 2 can be manufactured by die or stamping and bending.

[0046] The buffer piece 3, the cavity 2, and the shell body 1 can be combined by welding or curing glue.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 The two end faces of the cavity 2 along the length direction are flush with the two end faces of the shell body 1 along the length direction. Openings are respectively arranged at the two ends of the cavity 2 along the length direction, and the two ends of the buffer piece 3 along the length direction are located inside the openings after the buffer piece 3 is arranged in the cavity 2. In this way, a certain distance is left between the two ends of the buffer piece 3 along the length direction and the two end faces of the shell body 1 along the length direction.

[0048] When the positive end cover 5 and the negative end cover 6 are respectively fully welded on the two end faces of the shell body 1 along the length direction, the high temperature generated has less effect on the buffer piece 3 due to the distance left between the buffer piece 3 and the end faces of the shell body 1 at the two ends. Thus, the influence on the mechanical properties of the buffer piece 3 is reduced.

[0049] Moreover, the welding slag foreign matter generated during welding is reduced, avoiding the subsequent problem of poor insulation.

[0050] At the same time, the distance facilitates the connection of cooling connecting members such as U-shaped tubes, and can be used in cooperation with the cooling requirements of the battery.

[0051] The distance between the two ends of the buffer 3 along the length direction and the end faces of the shell body 1 along the length direction can be 2-10 mm.

[0052] In an optional embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 to 5 The cross section of the buffer 3 can be S-shaped, C-shaped or Z-shaped, all of which can achieve the buffering effect. For the S-shaped buffer 3, the buffering effect is more uniform. For the C-shaped buffer 3, the manufacturing is simpler. For the Z-shaped buffer 3, the connection area on both sides is larger and the connection is more stable.

[0053] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 The shell body 1 and the cavity 2 are connected to form an integrated structure. Specifically, a partition is arranged in the shell to divide the shell cavity into a receiving cavity for receiving the battery cell and a cavity for mounting the buffer 3. The upper part of the partition is the shell body 1, and the lower part of the partition is the cavity 2.

[0054] In this way, the shell body 1 and the cavity 2 do not need to be connected additionally, the manufacturing is simpler, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

[0055] According to the embodiments of the present application, on the other hand, a battery is also provided, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The battery includes a battery cell, a battery shell, a negative electrode end cover 6 and a positive electrode end cover 5. The positive electrode end cover 5 and the negative electrode end cover 6 are respectively welded on the two end faces of the battery shell. The positive electrode end cover 5 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 7. The battery shell is arranged as any of the battery shells, and the battery cell is arranged in the shell body 1 of the battery shell.

[0056] The technical effects brought by the battery are consistent with those of the battery shell, and thus will not be described again.

[0057] In one embodiment, the battery shell and the battery cell are both arranged in a rectangular structure, forming a flat blade shape.

[0058] According to the embodiments of the present application, on the other hand, a battery pack is also provided, including a liquid cooling plate, a pack body, a cover plate and any of the above batteries. The liquid cooling plate is arranged in the pack body, and a plurality of batteries are arranged in the pack body. The cavities 2 of the plurality of batteries away from the shell body 1 are connected with the liquid cooling plate, and the batteries are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate. The cover plate is connected to the side of the shell body 1 of each battery away from the liquid cooling plate, so that each battery is located between the cover plate and the liquid cooling plate. The technical effects brought by the battery pack are consistent with those of the battery, and thus will not be described again.

[0059] According to the embodiments of the present application, in a further aspect, a vehicle is also provided, which comprises a vehicle body and any of the battery packs described above. The vehicle brings the same technical effects as the battery pack, and thus will not be described again.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present application are described with reference to the drawings, various modifications and changes can be suggested to one skilled in the art, and such modifications and changes are within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery case characterized by comprising: The battery shell comprises: a shell body (1) for accommodating an electric core; a cavity (2) connected with the shell body (1) and arranged between the shell body (1) and a liquid cooling plate; a buffer member (3) arranged in the cavity (2), a first side of the buffer member (3) being connected with an inner wall of the cavity (2) close to the shell body (1), and a second side of the buffer member (3) being connected with an inner wall of the cavity (2) away from the shell body (1).

2. The battery case according to claim 1, wherein The buffer member (3) is provided in at least two, and the at least two buffer members (3) are arranged at intervals to form a channel (4) for cooling medium to flow between adjacent two buffer members (3).

3. The battery case according to claim 2, characterized by The buffer member (3) is provided in a sheet structure, and the length direction of the buffer member (3) and the length direction of the cavity (2) are consistent with the length direction of the shell body (1).

4. The battery case according to claim 3, characterized by The cavity (2) is provided with an opening at both ends along the length direction, and both ends of the buffer member (3) along the length direction are located inside the opening.

5. The battery case of claim 4, wherein, The cross section of the buffer member (3) is provided in an S shape, a C shape or a Z shape.

6. The battery housing of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The shell body (1) and the cavity (2) are provided in an integrated structure.

7. A battery, characterized by The battery shell comprises an electric core and the battery shell of any one of claims 1-6, and the electric core is arranged in the shell body (1).

8. The battery of claim 7, wherein, The battery shell and the electric core are both provided in a cuboid structure.

9. A battery pack, characterized by, The battery comprises a liquid cooling plate and the battery of any one of claims 7-8, and the second side of the buffer member (3) away from the shell body (1) is connected with the liquid cooling plate.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The battery pack comprises the battery of claim 9.

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