Self-adaptive tool changing supporting device, conical cutterhead and heading machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a self-adaptive tool changing supporting device, a conical cutterhead and a tunneling machine, and belongs to the field of tunneling equipment. The self-adaptive tool changing supporting device comprises a pushing device, a supporting shoe is arranged at the telescopic end of the pushing device in a hinged mode, the self-adaptive tool changing supporting device further comprises a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism comprises a ring seat annularly arranged on the periphery of the pushing device in a sleeving mode. At least two floating supporting pieces which are arranged around the pushing device and are used for supporting the peripheral surface of the pushing device in a floating manner are arranged on the ring seat, so that the pushing device is limited at a standby position when the pushing device retracts into the cutter head, and the floating supporting pieces are used for supporting the peripheral surface of the pushing device when the pushing device extends out of the cutter head and is supported on a tunnel face; the position of the pushing device is adapted according to the swinging adaptability of the pushing device, and swinging of the pushing device cannot be affected. Therefore, the problem that in the prior art, in the using process of a conical cutter head, when cutters on the cutter head are replaced, the cutter head base body needs to be retreated, and a pushing device cannot be directly arranged due to the fact that a tunnel face is obliquely arranged is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an adaptive cutter-changing support device, a conical cutter head and a tunnel boring machine, belonging to the field of tunnel boring equipment. Background Art

[0002] Currently, tunnel construction is typically accomplished using a roadheader (TBM). This machine features a cutterhead with a rotating front end that rotates around the machine's axis. The cutterhead consists of a base and tools mounted on it. As the cutterhead rotates, the tools engage the rock or soil ahead, crushing it and facilitating tunneling. During tunneling, the tools wear out. As wear accumulates, the tools become smaller, eventually becoming smaller than their working dimensions or even breaking. Consequently, multiple tool changes are necessary during the excavation of a single tunnel.

[0003] The cutting tools on the cutterhead are in direct contact with the tunnel face, while the cutterhead base is at a certain distance from the tunnel face. As excavation progresses, the cutting tools wear, and the distance between the cutterhead base and the tunnel face decreases. When a new cutting tool needs to be replaced, it is often necessary to control the cutterhead base to retract to leave enough space for tool replacement. The Chinese invention patent application with the application publication date of May 16, 2023 and the application publication number CN116122837A discloses an active retracting cutterhead and a tunnel boring machine. The cutterhead has a front-to-back extending thrust sleeve fixedly provided on the cutterhead base. The thrust sleeve has a forward-facing opening, and a thrust cylinder and a support shoe that is pushed forward by the thrust cylinder is provided in the thrust sleeve. The jacking sleeve is flush with the front end surface of the cutterhead base. When the cutter needs to be changed, the telescopic end of the jacking cylinder drives the jacking shoe to extend out of the jacking sleeve and press it tightly against the palm face. After that, the jacking cylinder continues to extend, and under the action of the jacking cylinder, the cutterhead base is pushed backward to form sufficient operating space between the cutterhead base and the palm face.

[0004] The tunnel face excavated by the above-mentioned cutterhead is a plane. Conical cutterheads also exist in the prior art. For example, in shaft excavation, a pilot tunnel is excavated in advance along the axis of the tunnel to be excavated. After the conical cutterhead excavates, a conical tunnel face is formed. The slag formed during the excavation process can slide into the pilot tunnel through the conical tunnel face, making it easier to remove the slag. In a conical cutterhead, if a jacking cylinder is set up, it is necessary to match the inclination angle of the tunnel face so that the jacking cylinder is arranged at an angle. During the operation of the jacking cylinder, the distance between the cutterhead base and the tunnel face changes, and the jacking cylinder needs to swing relative to the axis of the tunnel boring machine. The jacking cylinder in the above-mentioned cutterhead is fixedly set in the jacking sleeve, and the movement direction of the jacking cylinder is always in the same direction as the extension direction of the axis of the tunnel boring machine, so it cannot be used on a conical cutterhead. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model discloses a purpose lies in providing a kind of self-adapting tool changing support device, for solving the problem that when tool on cone cutter is replaced in the use process of prior art cutter base body needs to be retracted and cannot be directly arranged top pushing device due to the inclined arrangement of working face;The utility model also aims at providing a kind of cone cutter to solve the above technical problems;The utility model also aims at providing a kind of heading machine with cone cutter to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, a self-adapting tool changing support device in the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A self-adapting tool changing support device includes a pushing device, the pushing device has a telescopic end, a support shoe for conforming to the working face is hingedly arranged on the telescopic end, and a mounting portion for mounting to the main body of the heading machine is also hingedly connected to the end away from the telescopic end of the pushing device. The self-adapting tool changing support device further includes a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism includes a ring seat sleeved on the outer periphery of the pushing device and fixed on the cutter, and at least two floating support members for floatingly supporting the outer peripheral surface of the pushing device are arranged on the ring seat. When the pushing device is retracted into the cutter, the pushing device is limited in standby position, and when the pushing device is extended out of the cutter and supported on the working face, the position of the pushing device is adapted according to the swing adaptability of the pushing device.

[0008] Further, the floating support member is a constant force support member with constant output force.

[0009] Further, the constant force support member is a support oil cylinder, and a pressure regulating valve for maintaining the oil pressure in the support oil cylinder within a preset range is connected to the oil circuit of the support oil cylinder.

[0010] Further, an oil cylinder mounting hole for mounting the support oil cylinder is arranged on the ring seat, and the cylinder body of the support oil cylinder extends out of the oil cylinder mounting hole.

[0011] Further, the oil cylinder mounting hole is a stepped hole, and the cylinder body of the support oil cylinder is fixed on the stepped surface of the oil cylinder mounting hole.

[0012] Further, the ring seat includes a ring hoop and a connecting table for connecting between the ring hoop and the cutter, and the ring hoop is assembled by blocks.

[0013] Further, the connecting table includes a connecting bolt for fixed connection with the cutter and a connecting nut for assembling the ring hoop on the connecting bolt.

[0014] Further, a bolt through hole is arranged on the ring hoop for the connecting bolt to pass through, an annular table is formed on the inner wall of the bolt through hole and protrudes inward, and a stepped structure is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting nut to directly or indirectly abut against the protruding table in the bolt through hole.

[0015] Further, the pushing device is a pushing oil cylinder, and the supporting shoe and the mounting portion are perpendicular to the hinge axis of the pushing oil cylinder.

[0016] Further, the pushing device is a pushing oil cylinder, and a pushing groove in contact with the floating support is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the pushing oil cylinder, and the pushing groove has a tapered surface or a spherical surface matched with the floating support.

[0017] The self-adaptive tool changing supporting device has the advantages that: the self-adaptive tool changing supporting device is proposed, the pushing device is arranged, the supporting shoe and the mounting portion are arranged at both ends of the pushing device to facilitate generation of a pushing force between the working face and the cutter head, the pushing device is hingedly connected with the supporting shoe and the mounting portion, and the angle of the pushing device can be adaptively adjusted when the angle of the pushing device changes during pushing; the limiting mechanism is arranged to facilitate support of the pushing device, the adjusting structure comprises a ring seat and a floating support, the plurality of floating supports are used to support the pushing device in the ring seat, and the floating support can be adaptively adjusted to maintain contact between the pushing device and the floating support when the pushing device is pushed and causes the pushing device to swing, that is, the floating support can support the pushing device during cutting of the cutter head, can limit the pushing device in the standby position, does not affect normal work of the cutter head, and adaptively adjusts the axis of the pushing device to avoid affecting swinging of the pushing device, and thus the problem that the cutter head body needs to be retracted when the cutter on the cutter head is replaced in the prior art and the working face is arranged in an inclined manner to cause the pushing device to be directly arranged is solved.

[0018] To achieve the above object, the conical cutter head in the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0019] A cone cutter comprises cutter mounting beams for mounting cutters, one end of two adjacent cutter mounting beams is connected to each other, the other end is arranged at intervals, and an adaptive cutter changing support device is further arranged, the adaptive cutter changing support device comprises a pushing device, the pushing device has a telescopic end, a supporting shoe for abutting against a working face is hingedly arranged on the telescopic end, and one end of the pushing device away from the telescopic end is further hingedly connected with a mounting part for being mounted to a main body of a tunneling machine, the adaptive cutter changing support device further comprises a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism comprises a ring seat sleeved on an outer periphery of the pushing device and fixed on the cutter, and at least two floating supports around the pushing device are arranged on the ring seat to floatingly support an outer periphery of the pushing device, so as to limit the pushing device in a standby position when the pushing device is retracted into the cutter, and to adaptively adjust the position of the pushing device according to the swing adaptability of the pushing device when the pushing device is supported on the working face, and the supporting shoe of the adaptive cutter changing device is arranged between the two adjacent cutter mounting beams so that the supporting shoe can support the working face of the tunnel when the pushing device is elongated.

[0020] Further, the floating support is a constant force support with constant output force.

[0021] Further, the constant force support is a supporting oil cylinder, and a pressure regulating valve is connected to an oil passage of the supporting oil cylinder to maintain the oil pressure in the supporting oil cylinder within a preset range.

[0022] Further, an oil cylinder mounting hole for mounting the supporting oil cylinder is arranged on the ring seat, and the cylinder body of the supporting oil cylinder extends out of the oil cylinder mounting hole.

[0023] Further, the oil cylinder mounting hole is a stepped hole, and the cylinder body of the supporting oil cylinder is fixed on a stepped surface of the oil cylinder mounting hole.

[0024] Further, the ring seat comprises a ring hoop and a connecting table for connecting the ring hoop and the cutter, and the ring hoop is assembled by blocks.

[0025] Further, the connecting table comprises connecting bolts for fixedly connecting with the cutter and connecting nuts for assembling the ring hoop on the connecting bolts.

[0026] Further, a bolt through hole is arranged on the ring hoop for the connecting bolts to pass through, an annular table is formed on the inner wall of the bolt through hole and protrudes inward, and a stepped structure is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting nut to directly or indirectly abut against the protruding table in the bolt through hole.

[0027] Further, the pushing device is a pushing oil cylinder, and the supporting shoe is perpendicular to the hinged axis of the pushing oil cylinder and the mounting part.

[0028] Further, the pushing device is a pushing oil cylinder, and a pushing groove in contact with the floating support is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the pushing oil cylinder, and the pushing groove has a conical surface or a spherical surface matched with the floating support.

[0029] The cone-shaped cutter head has the advantages that the cone-shaped cutter head in the prior art is improved, the cutter mounting beams arranged at intervals at one end are arranged at one end to facilitate the arrangement of cutters, the self-adaptive cutter changing support device is arranged to facilitate the cone-shaped cutter head to retreat due to the pushing of the working face during cutter changing, the pushing device is arranged, the supporting shoes and mounting portions are arranged at both ends of the pushing device to facilitate the generation of pushing force between the working face and the cone-shaped cutter head, the pushing device is hingedly connected with the supporting shoes and the mounting portions, and the pushing device can be adaptively adjusted when the angle of the pushing device changes during pushing; the limiting mechanism is arranged to facilitate the support of the pushing device, the adjusting structure comprises a ring seat and floating supports, the floating supports are used to support the pushing device in the ring seat, and the floating supports can be adaptively adjusted to always keep the pushing device in contact with the floating supports when the pushing device is pushed and causes the pushing device to swing, that is, the floating supports can support the pushing device and limit the pushing device in the standby position during the excavation of the cone-shaped cutter head, do not affect the normal work of the cone-shaped cutter head, and can adaptively adjust when the axis of the pushing device changes, thereby avoiding affecting the swinging of the pushing device, and the problem that the cone-shaped cutter head in the prior art needs to retreat when the cutters on the cone-shaped cutter head are changed during use is solved.

[0030] To achieve the above object, the tunneling machine with the cone-shaped cutter head in the utility model adopts the following technical scheme.

[0031] The tunneling machine with the conical cutter head comprises a conical cutter head, the conical cutter head comprises cutter installation beams for installing cutters, one end of every two adjacent cutter installation beams is connected to each other, the other end is arranged at intervals, and a self-adapting cutter changing support device is further arranged, the self-adapting cutter changing support device comprises a pushing device, the pushing device has a telescopic end, a supporting shoe for abutting against a tunnel face is hingedly arranged on the telescopic end, and one end of the pushing device away from the telescopic end is further hingedly connected with a mounting portion for being mounted to a main body of the tunneling machine, the self-adapting cutter changing support device further comprises a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism comprises a ring seat which is sleeved on an outer periphery of the pushing device and is arranged to be fixed on the cutter head, and at least three floating support members which are arranged around the pushing device and are used for floatingly supporting the outer periphery of the pushing device are arranged on the ring seat, so that the pushing device is limited in a standby position when the pushing device is retracted into the cutter head, and the position of the pushing device is adapted according to the swing adaptability of the pushing device when the pushing device is extended out of the cutter head and is supported on the tunnel face, and the supporting shoe of the self-adapting cutter changing device is arranged between every two adjacent cutter installation beams, so that the supporting shoe can be supported on the tunnel face when the pushing device is extended.

[0032] Further, the floating support member is a constant force support member with constant output force.

[0033] Further, the constant force support member is a supporting oil cylinder, and a pressure regulating valve for maintaining the oil pressure in the supporting oil cylinder within a preset range is connected to the oil circuit of the supporting oil cylinder.

[0034] Further, an oil cylinder mounting hole for mounting the supporting oil cylinder is arranged on the ring seat, and the cylinder body of the supporting oil cylinder extends out of the oil cylinder mounting hole.

[0035] Further, the oil cylinder mounting hole is a stepped hole, and the cylinder body of the supporting oil cylinder is fixed on the stepped surface of the oil cylinder mounting hole.

[0036] Further, the ring seat comprises a ring hoop and a connecting table for being connected between the ring hoop and the cutter head, and the ring hoop is assembled by blocks.

[0037] Further, the connecting table comprises connecting bolts for being fixedly connected with the cutter head and connecting nuts for being assembled on the connecting bolts.

[0038] Further, a bolt through hole is arranged on the ring hoop for the connecting bolt to pass through, an annular table is formed on the inner wall of the bolt through hole and protrudes inward, and a stepped structure is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting nut to directly or indirectly abut against the protruding table in the bolt through hole.

[0039] Further, the pushing device is a pushing oil cylinder, and the hinged axis of the supporting shoe and the mounting portion are perpendicular to the hinged axis of the pushing oil cylinder.

[0040] Further, the pushing device is a pushing oil cylinder, and a pushing groove in contact with the floating support is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the pushing oil cylinder, and the pushing groove has a conical surface or a spherical surface matched with the floating support.

[0041] The tunneling machine with the conical cutter head has the advantages that the tunneling machine with the conical cutter head in the prior art is improved, the cutter mounting beam arranged at one end and spaced from the other end is arranged to facilitate the arrangement of cutters, the self-adaptive cutter changing support device is arranged to facilitate the cutter head to retreat due to the pushing of the working face during cutter changing, the pushing device is arranged, the supporting shoe and the mounting portion are arranged at the two ends of the pushing device to facilitate the generation of the pushing force between the working face and the cutter head, the pushing device is hingedly connected with the supporting shoe and the mounting portion, and the angle of the pushing device can be adaptively adjusted when the angle of the pushing device changes during pushing; the limiting mechanism is arranged to facilitate the support of the pushing device, the adjusting structure comprises a ring seat and floating supports, the floating supports are used for supporting the pushing device in the ring seat, and the floating supports can be adaptively adjusted to always keep the contact between the pushing device and the floating supports when the pushing device is pushed to swing, that is, the floating supports can support the pushing device and limit the pushing device in the standby position during the tunneling of the cutter head, the normal work of the cutter head is not affected, the adaptive adjustment is facilitated when the axis of the pushing device changes, the swinging of the pushing device is avoided, and the problem that the cutter head base body needs to retreat when the cutters on the cutter head are changed during the use of the conical cutter head in the prior art and the pushing device cannot be directly arranged due to the inclined arrangement of the working face is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a top view of the embodiment of the conical cutter head in the utility model;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the self-adaptive support device of the embodiment of the conical cutter head in the utility model;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a section view of the self-adaptive support device of the embodiment of the conical cutter head in the utility model along the ring seat;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a section view of the connecting table of the embodiment of the conical cutter head in the utility model;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of the retreat of the cutter head in the embodiment of the conical cutter head in the utility model during use.

[0047] In the figure: 11. Tool mounting beam; 12. Cutterhead main beam; 13. Palm face; 2. Adaptive tool changing support device; 21. Mounting part; 22. Push cylinder; 23. Support shoe; 24. Ring seat; 241. Ring clamp; 242. Connecting platform; 243. First sub-clamp; 244. Second sub-clamp; 245. Connecting bolt; 246. Connecting nut; 247. Connecting tube; 248. Limit block; 249. Ring platform; 25. Support cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0049] In the utility model, floating support is adopted for the pushing device, so that the pushing device is supported and the position is maintained when not working, and is not hindered when the axis changes during the working process.

[0050] In Example 1 of the conical cutter disc (hereinafter referred to as cutter disc) of the present invention:

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the cutterhead includes a cutterhead body and roller cutters mounted on the cutterhead body. The cutterhead body includes a cutterhead main beam 12 extending in the same direction as the axis of the tunnel boring machine, and a tool mounting beam 11 fixedly connected to the cutterhead main beam 12 for mounting the cutters. There are six tool mounting beams 11, each equipped with a row of roller cutters. The six tool mounting beams 11 are spaced apart, resulting in six rows of roller cutters on the cutterhead. To retract the cutterhead during tool changes, an adaptive tool change support device 2 is installed on the cutterhead main beam 12. Three adaptive tool change support devices 2 are provided, each positioned in a gap between the tool mounting beams 11, with an angle of 120 degrees between each support device. Of course, in other embodiments, the adaptive tool change support devices can be arranged at other angles and in other numbers, such as four groups of evenly spaced groups. However, it should be noted that the number of adaptive tool change support devices should be sufficient to ensure that they do not affect the normal operation of the cutterhead.

[0052] Specifically, if Figure 2As shown, the adaptive support device includes a jacking device, which specifically adopts a jacking cylinder 22. A support shoe 23 for contacting the inclined tunnel face 13 is hingedly provided on the telescopic end of the jacking cylinder 22. The end of the jacking cylinder 22 away from the telescopic end is also hingedly connected to a mounting portion 21 for mounting on the main body of the tunnel boring machine. Specifically, the mounting portion 21 is used to be mounted on the cutterhead main beam 12. Of course, in other embodiments, the mounting portion can also be installed in other positions, such as directly connected to the main beam of the tunnel boring machine. Since the main beam of the tunnel boring machine is relatively connected to the cutterhead, when the position of the main beam changes, the position of the cutterhead will also change.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, when the jacking cylinder 22 extends outward, the gripper shoe 23 is pushed onto the tunnel face 13 by the jacking cylinder 22 and supported at the same position on the tunnel face 13 as the jacking cylinder 22 pushes the cutterhead back. Initially, the length of the jacking cylinder 22 is relatively short. As the jacking cylinder 22 extends, the position of the gripper shoe 23 relative to the tunnel face 13 remains unchanged, and the position of the mounting portion 21 relative to the cutterhead main beam 12 does not change, causing the tilt angle of the jacking cylinder 22 relative to the rotating shaft of the tunnel boring machine to change. The jacking cylinder 22 is hingedly connected to the mounting portion 21 and the gripper shoe 23, respectively, to enable adaptive adjustment when the angle of the jacking cylinder 22 changes. Furthermore, because the hinge axis between the gripper shoe 23 and the jacking cylinder 22 and the hinge axis between the mounting portion 21 and the jacking cylinder 22 are perpendicular, the jacking cylinder 22 can achieve substantial 360-degree adjustment, providing greater flexibility. Of course, in other embodiments, a ball joint structure may be provided between the support shoe and the push cylinder to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom swing.

[0054] When the jacking oil cylinder 22 does not need to work, one end of the jacking oil cylinder 22 with the support shoe 23 is in a suspended state. To maintain the stability of the jacking oil cylinder 22, an additional support structure for the jacking oil cylinder 22 is required, and the support structure cannot affect the offset of the jacking oil cylinder 22. Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the conical cutterhead also includes a limiting mechanism for mounting on the tool mounting beam. The limiting mechanism includes a ring seat 24 that surrounds the outer periphery of the thrust cylinder 22 and is used to be fixed to the main beam. The ring seat 24 is provided with at least two floating supports around the thrust cylinder 22. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are four floating supports, with the angle between each two floating supports being 90 degrees. The floating supports are provided with a thrust end for abutting against the outer peripheral surface of the thrust cylinder 22. Of course, in other embodiments, there can also be three floating supports, with the angle between each two floating supports being 120 degrees. Alternatively, the floating supports can be provided in other quantities.

[0055] In the embodiment, the floating support is a support oil cylinder 25. A pressure regulating valve is arranged on an oil passage of the support oil cylinder 25 to maintain the oil pressure in the support oil cylinder 25 within a preset range, so that the telescopic end of the support oil cylinder 25 can be maintained at a specific position when the external force is small, and can be compressed when the external force is large. Specifically, the pressure regulating valve can be an overflow valve or a pressure reducing valve. Four oil cylinder mounting holes corresponding to the support oil cylinder 25 are arranged on the ring seat 24. The oil cylinder mounting holes are stepped holes. The cylinder body of the support oil cylinder 25 has a flange, which is mounted on the stepped surface of the stepped hole. The fixed connection between the support oil cylinder 25 and the ring seat 24 is achieved through the oil cylinder mounting hole. At this time, the telescopic end of the support oil cylinder 25 faces the center of the ring seat 24, i.e., the position of the push oil cylinder 22. This arrangement can improve the stability of the installation of the support oil cylinder 25, and can also reduce the overall size of the ring seat 24. In addition, when the position of the push oil cylinder 22 changes, the relative position between the push oil cylinder 22 and the telescopic end of the support oil cylinder 25 will change slightly. Therefore, a push groove is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the push oil cylinder 22. The push groove has a tapered surface or a spherical surface that is adapted to the floating support. Thus, even if the relative position changes, the push groove and the floating support will not be separated from each other.

[0056] Of course, in other embodiments, the floating support can also be a gas cylinder. Due to the compressibility of gas, when the push oil cylinder is deflected, the telescopic end of the gas cylinder can be automatically adjusted to extend. Alternatively, in other embodiments, a blind hole can be arranged on the inner side surface of the ring seat. The floating support is fixedly arranged in the blind hole by means of a bolt or other fastener. Naturally, the stepped hole can also be omitted, and the flange of the support oil cylinder can be directly matched with the outer circumferential surface of the ring seat. Alternatively, in other embodiments, in order to provide a supporting force, the floating support can also be a spring, one end of which pushes against the outer circumferential surface of the push oil cylinder. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the push groove can also be omitted, and a flat surface can be arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the push oil cylinder, and the flat surface and the floating support are in contact.

[0057] In order to realize the installation of the ring seat 24 outside the pushing oil cylinder 22, the ring seat 24 in the embodiment comprises a connecting table 242 for fixed connection with the cutter main beam 12 and an annular hoop 241 for being arranged around the pushing oil cylinder 22, the annular hoop 241 comprises two sub-hoops arranged separately, i.e. a first sub-hoop 243 and a second sub-hoop 244, and the two sub-hoops are combined together to form the annular hoop 241. The connecting table 242 is arranged at the position where the two sub-hoops are combined together, which reduces the connection positions and facilitates the installation and manufacturing. The two sub-hoops are combined together and each has a flange edge at the end away from the connecting table 242, and the two sub-hoops are fixedly connected through the two flange edges. The supporting oil cylinder 25 is arranged on the annular hoop 241. Alternatively, in other embodiments, three or four sub-hoops can be arranged, and the sub-hoops are still fixedly connected.

[0058] In order to connect the ring seat 24 and the cutter main beam 12 together, the combined position of the two sub-hoops at the connecting table 242 forms a connecting cylinder 247 after the combination is completed, the connecting table 242 comprises connecting bolts 245 for fixed connection with the main beam and connecting nuts 246 for connecting the annular hoop 241 and the connecting bolts 245. An annular table 249 protruding inward is formed in the connecting cylinder 247, and a limiting block 248 stopping against the end face of the annular table is arranged in the connecting cylinder 247, and a stepped hole is formed in the limiting block 248. Both ends of the connecting bolt 245 have threaded sections, one end of the connecting bolt 245 is assembled on the cutter main beam 12, and the other end is used for threaded connection with the connecting nut 246, and a stepped structure is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting nut 246, which facilitates the stopping cooperation with the limiting block 248, and then the annular hoop 241 is installed on the cutter through the connecting bolt 245 and the connecting nut 246. Through the threaded connection, when the pushing oil cylinder 22 appears a large offset angle until abutting to the inner side surface of the annular hoop 241, the ring seat 24 can be relatively offset relative to the cutter main beam 12, which facilitates the movement of the pushing oil cylinder 22. Of course, in other embodiments, the limiting block can not be arranged, and the end face of the connecting nut is directly stopped against the annular table. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the annular table can not be arranged in the bolt hole, and the end face of the connecting nut is directly stopped against the inner side surface of the annular hoop.

[0059] When the cutter head needs to normally dig, the pushing oil cylinder 22 is retracted into the cutter head, at this time, under the action of the floating support on the ring seat 24, the pushing oil cylinder is limited in a specific standby position, at this time, it will not interfere with the surrounding parts, and will not be easily driven by the rotation of the cutter head and collide with the surrounding parts. When the cutter wears and needs to be replaced, the telescopic end of the pushing oil cylinder 22 is extended until the supporting shoe 23 abuts against the front conical working face 13, then the pushing oil cylinder 22 continues to extend, under the thrust of the pushing oil cylinder 22, the cutter head leaves the working face 13, in the extension process of the pushing oil cylinder 22, the supporting shoe 23 is relatively fixed with the working face, the mounting part 21 is away from the working face, the pushing oil cylinder 22 will swing, the oil circuit of the supporting oil cylinder 25 is provided with a pressure regulating valve, so the telescopic end of the supporting oil cylinder 25 will not be locked, but can move a certain distance, thereby adaptively adjusting the swing of the pushing oil cylinder, and will not affect the swing of the pushing oil cylinder 22.

[0060] In the embodiment of the self-adaptive cutter replacing support device in the utility model: the structure of the self-adaptive cutter replacing support device in the utility model is the same as that of the self-adaptive cutter replacing support device in the above-mentioned embodiment of the conical cutter head, which will not be repeated here.

[0061] In the embodiment of the tunneling machine with a conical cutter head in the utility model: the tunneling machine with a conical cutter head in the embodiment includes a conical cutter head at the front end of the tunneling machine, and the structure of the conical cutter head is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment of the conical cutter head, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model, the patent protection range of the utility model is subject to the claims, any equivalent structural changes made according to the content of the specification and drawings of the utility model should also be included in the protection range of the utility model.

Claims

1. An adaptive tool changer support device, characterized by: The invention comprises a pushing device, wherein the pushing device has a telescopic end, and a support shoe for fitting with the tunnel face is hingedly provided on the telescopic end. The end of the pushing device away from the telescopic end is also hingedly connected to a mounting portion for mounting on the main body of the tunnel boring machine. The adaptive tool changing support device also comprises a limiting mechanism, which comprises a ring seat which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pushing device and is used to be fixed on the cutter disc. The ring seat is provided with at least two floating support members which are arranged around the pushing device and float support the outer peripheral surface of the pushing device, so as to limit the pushing device to the standby position when the pushing device is retracted into the cutter disc, and adapt the position of the pushing device according to the swing of the pushing device when the pushing device is extended out of the cutter disc to support the tunnel face.

2. The adaptive tool changer support device of claim 1, wherein: The floating support is a constant force support with a constant output force.

3. The adaptive tool changer support device of claim 2, wherein: The constant force support is a support oil cylinder, and the oil circuit of the support oil cylinder is connected to a pressure regulating valve which maintains the oil pressure in the support oil cylinder within a preset range.

4. The adaptive tool changer support device of claim 3, wherein: The ring seat is provided with an oil cylinder mounting hole for mounting the supporting oil cylinder, and the cylinder body of the supporting oil cylinder extends outwardly from the oil cylinder mounting hole.

5. The adaptive tool changer support device of claim 4, wherein: The oil cylinder mounting hole is a stepped hole, and the cylinder body supporting the oil cylinder is fixed on the stepped surface of the oil cylinder mounting hole.

6. The adaptive tool changer support device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The ring seat comprises an annular hoop and a connecting platform for connecting between the annular hoop and the cutter disc. The annular hoop is assembled by splicing in blocks.

7. The adaptive tool changer support device of claim 6, wherein: The connecting platform includes a connecting bolt for fixedly connecting to the cutter disc and a connecting nut for assembling the annular hoop on the connecting bolt.

8. The adaptive tool changer support device of claim 7, wherein: The annular clamp is provided with a bolt through-hole for the connecting bolt to pass through, and an inwardly protruding annular platform is formed on the inner wall of the bolt through-hole. The outer periphery of the connecting nut is used to directly or indirectly cooperate with the boss in the bolt through-hole.

9. The adaptive tool changer support device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The pushing device is a pushing oil cylinder, and the hinge axis between the support shoe and the pushing oil cylinder and the hinge axis between the mounting portion and the pushing oil cylinder are perpendicular.

10. The adaptive tool changing support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The pushing device is a pushing oil cylinder. The outer peripheral surface of the pushing oil cylinder is provided with a pushing groove that contacts the floating support. The pushing groove has a conical surface or a spherical surface that is adapted to the floating support.

11. A cone type cutter head comprising cutter mounting beams for mounting cutters, one end of two adjacent cutter mounting beams being connected to each other and the other end being arranged at intervals, characterized in that: The cutterhead is also provided with at least three adaptive tool change support devices according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and the support shoes of the adaptive tool change support devices are arranged between two adjacent tool mounting beams so that the support shoes can be supported on the tunnel face when the jacking device is extended.

12. A tunneling machine having a conical cutterhead, comprising a conical cutterhead, characterized by: The conical cutter disc is the same as the conical cutter disc described in claim 11.

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