Flow and pressure regulating valve for high-water-head and high-pressure-difference water conveying pipeline

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pressure regulating valves, in particular to a flow and pressure regulating valve for a high-water-head and high-pressure-difference water conveying pipeline. Comprising a main valve body, a coaxially connected water outlet valve body and an axially sliding piston, a double-layer squirrel cage is fixed at the front end of the piston and comprises an outer layer squirrel cage and an inner layer squirrel cage which are coaxially sleeved, the outer layer squirrel cage is provided with a conical first spray hole, and the inner layer squirrel cage is provided with a conical second spray hole with a larger conical diameter; the driving device drives the piston to move through a crank sliding block mechanism composed of a valve shaft, a crank and a connecting rod, and a gradually-shrunk annular flow channel is formed. After being accelerated through the flow channel, fluid is injected into the middle cavity through the first spraying holes in sequence to be buffered and decompressed and then converges towards the center of the pipeline through the second spraying holes to dissipate energy in a collision mode, and two-stage decompressing is achieved. A taper hole structure is combined with a grading jet flow mechanism, the 5: 1 pressure reduction limit of a single-stage valve is broken through, the anti-cavitation capacity is remarkably improved, the single valve can replace a traditional multi-stage pressure reduction system, and the engineering cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to pressure regulating valve technical field especially is related to a kind of for high water head high pressure difference water delivery pipeline's flow regulating pressure regulating valve. BACKGROUND

[0002] A kind of for high water head high pressure difference water delivery pipeline's flow regulating pressure regulating valve, it is specially designed to solve the key equipment of the problem of accurate control and pressure stability in large fall, high pressure difference water delivery system.This kind of valve needs to work under the condition of large pressure drop, and the core function is to accurately regulate pipeline flow, stabilize outlet pressure, while also effectively consume high-speed water flow energy, resist water hammer impact, to ensure the safe and stable operation of the entire water delivery system.Its performance is directly related to the reliability and economy of project.

[0003] As the current mainstream energy dissipation element of high pressure difference working condition, the structure of the spray hole type squirrel cage is usually single-layer design and has straight hole.This structure shows inherent limitations when facing extremely high working pressure: there is a clear upper limit to its pressure reduction capacity.Specifically, when the pressure difference before and after the valve is too large, i.e., the pressure reduction ratio exceeds 5:1, or the pressure head borne by the inlet end of the valve exceeds 80 meters, even the seemingly controllable 5:1 pressure reduction ratio, the water flow is still extremely prone to violent pressure changes during passing through the straight hole of the squirrel cage, leading to the generation of harmful cavitation.This cavitation phenomenon is not simply bubble generation, and the microjet impact and bubble collapse accompanying it can produce a huge local impact force, like continuous micro-explosions, causing serious erosion and fatigue damage to the squirrel cage hole wall and the adjacent valve body metal surface, thereby significantly shortening the service life of the squirrel cage.In order to avoid this serious problem, engineering practice often has to resort to a compromise solution: installing multiple flow regulating pressure regulating valves at different elevations of the water delivery pipeline, and performing staged pressure reduction in this way to artificially limit the pressure difference acting on a single valve within a safe range.This "divide and conquer" strategy can alleviate cavitation damage to some extent, but undoubtedly greatly increases the complexity and cost of engineering construction, meaning that more special valve shafts need to be built, valve equipment procurement costs are multiplied, more installation and construction work is required, and the number of operation and maintenance points in the future is also increased, significantly increasing the initial investment and long-term operation and maintenance costs of the entire water delivery system.In addition, the straight hole structure of the single-layer squirrel cage itself has insufficient anti-cavitation capability, so even if the pressure difference is controlled within the theoretical safe boundary, cavitation erosion remains a major hidden danger affecting the reliability and service life of the valve during long-term operation.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a flow regulating pressure regulating valve for high water head high pressure difference water delivery pipeline to solve the problems raised in the background art. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model discloses a purpose at providing a kind of for high water head high pressure difference water pipeline's flow regulating pressure regulating valve, solve the single-layer straight hole structure of existing spray hole type squirrel cage flow regulating pressure regulating valve, and the import pressure upper limit 80 meters head, exceed then produce harmful cavitation damage equipment;Poor anti-cavitation ability leads to short life, force high water head pipeline to adopt multiple valves grading pressure reduction, substantially increase engineering cost and construction amount etc.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a kind of for high water head high pressure difference water pipeline's flow regulating pressure regulating valve, including main valve body, main valve body downstream is coaxially connected with water outlet valve body by bolt, the piston of being axially slidable is arranged in the inner chamber of main valve body, piston front end is embedded between connecting disc and squirrel cage and is fixed by connecting disc and squirrel cage, and squirrel cage is set to main valve body export end and is spray hole type double-layer structure;

[0007] Squirrel cage includes coaxial sleeve's outer squirrel cage and inner squirrel cage, outer squirrel cage evenly is provided with a plurality of first spray holes, and inner squirrel cage evenly is provided with a plurality of second spray holes, and first spray hole and second spray hole are all inside small outside big conical hole;

[0008] Main valve body outside is provided with driving device, and the one end of valve shaft, which is penetrated through the side wall of main valve body, is connected with the output shaft of driving device, and the middle part of valve shaft is fixed with crank through flat key, and crank is hinged with the one end of connecting rod through second pin shaft, and the other end of connecting rod is hinged with connecting disc through first pin shaft, to form crank slider mechanism, and driving piston moves axially along the inner chamber of main valve body.

[0009] The further improvement in the technical scheme of the utility model is that the taper of the first spray hole and the second spray hole is 5°-35°, and the taper is the included angle between the generatrix of the spray hole wall and the central axis, and the minimum diameter of the second spray hole is 5% larger than the minimum diameter of the first spray hole.

[0010] The further improvement in the technical scheme of the utility model is that an equal-section annular intermediate cavity with a width of 10-15mm is formed between the outer squirrel cage and the inner squirrel cage, a plurality of conical first spray holes are evenly arranged on the circumference of the outer squirrel cage, the inner squirrel cage is correspondingly provided with the same number and angle of conical second spray holes, each first spray hole and the corresponding second spray hole are located on the radial distribution line of the same squirrel cage to form a coaxial spray hole pair, and the fluid is radially injected into the intermediate cavity through the outer first spray hole, and then sprayed towards the central axis of the pipeline through the inner second spray hole at the same radial position to form a directional focused jet collision.

[0011] The further improvement of the utility model technical scheme lies in: the connecting disc is discoid structure, a plurality of screw holes are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting disc; the outer squirrel cage and the inner squirrel cage are integrally formed to constitute a double squirrel cage, the squirrel cage is provided with a flange structure around the connecting end face, and a through hole corresponding to the screw hole of the connecting disc is formed in the flange; the connecting disc is fixed to the end face of the connecting disc through the screw penetrating the through hole of the flange and the screw hole; the front end of the piston is embedded between the connecting disc and the squirrel cage and is fixed through the connecting disc and the squirrel cage; the piston, the connecting disc and the double squirrel cage assembly are formed into a rigid integrated moving structure through screw crimping, and synchronously slide along the inner cavity of the main valve body in the axial direction.

[0012] The further improvement of the utility model technical scheme lies in: the driving device is fixed on the outer side support of the main valve body, the output shaft of the driving device is connected with the valve shaft extension end through a shaft coupling, the driving device drives the valve shaft to rotate through rotation, and the opening or closing of the valve is realized.

[0013] The further improvement of the utility model technical scheme lies in: the valve shaft is supported on the side wall of the main valve body through bearings at both ends, the valve shaft is connected with the output shaft of the driving device through a shaft coupling at one end extending out of the main valve body, the valve shaft is fixed with one end of the crank through a key at the middle part, the other end of the crank is hinged with the connecting rod through a second pin shaft, one end of the connecting rod away from the crank is hinged with the side part of the connecting disc through a first pin shaft, and the circumferential edge of the connecting disc is fixed with the front end of the piston, so that the rotary motion of the driving device is converted into the axial linear motion of the piston through the valve shaft, the crank and the connecting rod.

[0014] The further improvement of the utility model technical scheme lies in: when the piston moves in the axial direction along the inner cavity of the main valve body, the annular flow channel symmetrical in the axial direction is formed between the outer periphery of the piston and the inner wall of the main valve body, the cross section of the annular flow channel gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet, and the fluid flow rate gradually increases along the flow direction; the fluid enters the conical first spray hole of the outer squirrel cage through the annular flow channel, is sprayed to the annular intermediate cavity between the squirrel cages, and is sprayed to the direction of the pipeline central axis through the conical second spray hole of the inner squirrel cage, so that the double-stage energy dissipation and pressure reduction are realized through the jet collision, and the flow is adjusted through the control of the cross section size of the annular flow channel.

[0015] The further improvement of the utility model technical scheme lies in: the first O-shaped ring is embedded in the annular groove between the main valve body and the valve seat; the T-shaped ring is embedded on the axial end face of the squirrel cage flange, and the T-shaped ring and the valve seat form dynamic sealing through sliding contact; the annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the main valve body, the second O-shaped ring is embedded in the annular groove, and the rear end outer wall of the piston and the second O-shaped ring form dynamic sealing through sliding contact.

[0016] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: the end of the first pin shaft and the second pin shaft is respectively provided with a clamping plate, the clamping plate is a rectangular sheet, one end of the clamping plate of the first pin shaft is fixed on the front end side surface of the connecting rod through a screw, and the other end is attached to the end of the first pin shaft to prevent the first pin shaft from being pulled out of the hinge hole of the connecting rod in the axial direction; one end of the clamping plate of the second pin shaft is fixed on the rear end side surface of the connecting rod through a screw, and the other end is attached to the end of the second pin shaft to prevent the second pin shaft from being pulled out of the hinge hole of the crank in the axial direction.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The utility model provides a kind of flow and pressure regulating valve for high water head high pressure difference water pipeline, by adopting spray hole formula double-layer squirrel cage structure, outer squirrel cage and inner squirrel cage coaxial sleeve, realize the core breakthrough of double-stage energy dissipation pressure reduction.Fluid is first injected into intermediate cavity by the conical first spray hole of outer squirrel cage, then it is injected into the center of pipeline by the corresponding inner conical second spray hole, form focusing jet collision.This hierarchical energy dissipation mechanism makes single valve can withstand far more than traditional single-layer squirrel cage 5:1 pressure reduction ratio and 80 meters water head import pressure, improve the adaptability of high pressure difference working condition, fundamentally avoid harmful cavitation, greatly reduce the installation quantity of hierarchical pressure reduction valve in high water head pipeline, reduce engineering construction cost and construction complexity.

[0019] 2. The utility model provides a kind of flow and pressure regulating valve for high water head high pressure difference water pipeline, by optimizing squirrel cage spray hole into inner small outer big conical hole structure, taper 5 °-35 ° and inner layer spray hole minimum aperture is greater than outer layer 5 %, solve the defect that traditional straight hole is insufficient in cavitation resistance.Tapered hole can guide water flow to expand smoothly, effectively inhibit cavitation initial caused by pressure drop;And the differential aperture design of inner and outer layer spray hole further adjusts flow field pressure distribution, weakens bubble collapse impact.The synergistic effect of the two makes the cavitation resistance of squirrel cage improve more than doubled, prolongs the service life of the core energy dissipation element of valve, reduces maintenance frequency and water loss caused by shutdown maintenance.

[0020] 3. The utility model provides a kind of flow and pressure regulating valve for high water head high pressure difference water pipeline, by the integrated design of piston, connecting disc, squirrel cage rigid integrated movement structure, ensure the synchronism and stability of moving part.Piston front end is embedded between connecting disc and squirrel cage, and the three are formed as a whole by screw pressure bonding, and slide accurately in the axial direction along the inner cavity of main valve body under the drive of crank slider mechanism.This structure not only simplifies assembly process, but also forms axial symmetry, cross-section tapering annular flow channel in the process of piston movement, makes fluid flow velocity smooth and incremental, avoids local vortex, provides ideal inlet condition for subsequent high-efficiency jet collision in squirrel cage, and realizes linear and accurate regulation of flow and pressure.

[0021] 4. The utility model provides a kind of for the flow regulating pressure regulating valve of high water head high pressure difference water pipeline, the collaborative layout of multiple dynamic sealing system is guaranteed the sealing reliability under high pressure difference working condition.The first O-ring is arranged between main valve body and valve seat and blocks external leakage;T-ring at squirrel cage flange and valve seat sliding contact form first dynamic seal;The second O-ring of piston rear end and main valve body inner wall constitutes second dynamic seal.Three seals continuously play a role in the process of piston axial movement, especially adapt to the pressure fluctuation under high water head, significantly reduce the risk of medium leakage, improve the stability of long-term operation of valve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 It is an axial sectional view of a kind of flow regulating pressure regulating valve for high water head high pressure difference water pipeline;

[0024] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 Enlarged schematic view of part A in it;

[0025] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 Enlarged schematic view of part B in it;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a radial sectional view of a kind of flow regulating pressure regulating valve for high water head high pressure difference water pipeline;

[0027] Figure 5 It is the structural schematic diagram of the squirrel cage of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 It is the axial sectional view of the squirrel cage of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 Front view of;

[0030] Figure 8 It is Figure 7 Enlarged schematic view of part C in it.

[0031] 1, main valve body; 2, screw; 3, water outlet valve body; 4, valve seat; 5, squirrel cage; 6, outer squirrel cage; 7, inner squirrel cage; 8, middle cavity; 9, first spray hole; 10, second spray hole; 11, flange; 12, connecting disc; 13, first O-shaped ring; 14, second O-shaped ring; 15, T-shaped ring; 16, first pin shaft; 17, second pin shaft; 18, connecting rod; 19, piston; 20, crank; 21, valve shaft; 22, flat key; 23, driving device; 24, clamping plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication between two elements inside. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] The present application will be further explained and described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0036] As Figures 1-8As shown, the embodiment provides a flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure difference water pipeline, which includes a main valve body 1 as the core pressure bearing structure, and a downstream water outlet valve body 3 coaxially connected to the main valve body 1 through high-strength bolts to form a complete flow passage. An axially slidable piston 19 is arranged in the inner cavity of the main valve body 1, and the front end of the piston 19 is precisely embedded between a connecting disc 12 and a squirrel cage 5, and is rigidly fixed with the connecting disc 12 and the squirrel cage 5. The connecting disc 12 is designed as a disc structure, and screw holes are uniformly arranged on the outer periphery to provide assembly interfaces; the squirrel cage 5 adopts an integrated double-layer structure, including an outer squirrel cage 6 and an inner squirrel cage 7 coaxially sleeved, and an annular flange 11 with a through hole is arranged at the end of the squirrel cage 5. The screw 2 penetrates the through hole of the flange 11 and is screwed into the screw hole of the connecting disc 12, so that the squirrel cage 5 is tightly fixed to the end face of the connecting disc 12, and the front end of the piston 19 is pressed between the connecting disc 12 and the squirrel cage 5. The piston 19, the connecting disc 12 and the double-layer squirrel cage 5 form a rigid integrated moving assembly, which ensures that the three are synchronously axially slid along the inner cavity of the main valve body 1. The integrated design greatly improves the stability of the moving parts, eliminates the risk of deflection that may be caused by the traditional split structure, provides a reliable mechanical basis for accurate flow control, and simplifies the assembly process.

[0037] As shown in Figure 1 , Figures 5-8 In the embodiment, the squirrel cage 5 is arranged at the outlet end of the main valve body 1 and has a spray hole type double-layer structure. The squirrel cage 5 includes an outer squirrel cage 6 and an inner squirrel cage 7 coaxially sleeved. The outer squirrel cage 6 is uniformly provided with a plurality of first spray holes 9 with small inside and large outside in the circumferential direction. The taper is 5°-35°, and the taper is preferably 20°. The inner squirrel cage 7 is correspondingly provided with second spray holes 10 with the same angle taper. The minimum diameter of the second spray holes 10 is 5% larger than that of the first spray holes 9. A 10mm-15mm wide annular intermediate cavity 8 is formed between the two layers of squirrel cages. Each first spray hole 9 and the corresponding second spray hole 10 are accurately located on the same radial line to form a coaxial spray hole pair. During operation, high-speed fluid is radially injected into the intermediate cavity 8 through the outer first spray hole 9, and then is directed and focused to the pipeline center axis through the coaxial inner second spray hole 10, to form a high-intensity jet collision. The tapered hole guides the smooth expansion of the fluid, and the pressure gradient is optimized by the difference between the inner and outer diameters, to effectively suppress cavitation inception. The coaxial jet collision realizes two-stage energy dissipation, so that the single-stage valve breaks through the traditional 5:1 pressure reduction ratio limit and can withstand a pressure of more than 80 meters.

[0038] As shown in Figures 1-4As shown, in this embodiment, the driving device 23 is fixed outside the main valve body 1, which can be driven by any of manual, electric, and hydraulic means, and the output shaft of the driving device 23 is connected to the valve shaft 21 penetrating the side wall of the valve body through a shaft coupling. The valve shaft 21 is supported at both ends by bearings to ensure smooth rotation, and the middle part is fixed to the crank 20 through a key 22. The crank 20 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 18 through the second pin shaft 17, and the other end of the connecting rod 18 is hinged to the side of the connecting disc 12 through the first pin shaft 16. When the driving device 23 rotates, the valve shaft 21 drives the crank 20 to rotate, and the rotary motion is converted into the axial linear motion of the piston 19 through the connecting rod 18, thereby achieving the opening and closing of the valve. The end of the first pin shaft 16 and the second pin shaft 17 is provided with a clamping plate 24, which is a rectangular sheet. One end of the clamping plate 24 of the first pin shaft 16 is fixed to the front end side of the connecting rod 18 through a screw 2, and the other end is attached to the end of the first pin shaft 16 to prevent the first pin shaft 16 from coming out of the hinge hole of the connecting rod 18 in the axial direction. One end of the clamping plate 24 of the second pin shaft 17 is fixed to the rear end side of the connecting rod 18 through a screw 2, and the other end is attached to the end of the second pin shaft 17 to prevent the second pin shaft 17 from coming out of the hinge hole of the crank 20 in the axial direction. The crank slider mechanism realizes efficient motion conversion, and the clamping plate 24 structure eliminates the risk of pin shaft loosening under long-term vibration, ensuring the reliability of the transmission system under high pressure difference conditions.

[0039] As shown in Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 In this embodiment, when the driving device 23 is started, the valve shaft 21 drives the crank 20 to rotate, and the connecting disc 12 and the piston 19 fixed thereon are pushed by the connecting rod 18 to move synchronously along the axial direction of the inner cavity of the main valve body 1. During the rearward movement of the piston 19, the outer periphery thereof forms a cross-section tapered annular flow passage with the inner wall of the main valve body 1, so that the fluid flow rate increases smoothly from the inlet to the outlet, forming a laminar flow condition. High-speed fluid then enters the double-layer squirrel cage 5 structure: first, it is radially injected to the annular intermediate cavity 8 with a width of 10-15 mm through the tapered injection holes of the outer layer squirrel cage 6 for diffusion and buffering, completing the first stage of pressure reduction; then it is injected to the center axis of the pipeline through the corresponding tapered injection holes of the inner layer squirrel cage 7, forming a plurality of jet collisions in the central region, converting kinetic energy into turbulent energy dissipation, and realizing the second stage of pressure reduction. The tapered flow passage precisely controls the flow rate, and the staged jet collision mechanism of the double-layer tapered injection holes breaks through the traditional single-stage valve 5:1 pressure reduction limit, while the tapered hole structure significantly suppresses the cavitation effect, prolonging the service life of the valve.

[0040] As shown in Figures 1-3As shown, in the embodiment, the first O-shaped ring 13 is embedded in the annular groove between the main valve body 1 and the valve seat 4 to realize static sealing; the T-shaped ring 15 is embedded in the inner circumference of the flange 11 of the squirrel cage 5 to form the first dynamic sealing by sliding contact with the valve seat 4; and the second O-shaped ring 14 is embedded in the inner wall groove of the main valve body 1 to form the second dynamic sealing by sliding contact with the outer wall of the rear end of the piston 19. The three sealing systems work together: the first O-shaped ring 13 isolates external leakage, the T-shaped ring 15 and the second O-shaped ring 14 form redundant dynamic sealing, ensuring zero leakage of the medium under high pressure difference conditions, and greatly improving the long-term operation safety of the valve.

[0041] The utility model discloses still provide a kind of working principle of flow-regulating pressure-regulating valve for high water head high pressure difference water delivery pipeline:

[0042] When starting the driving device 23, the valve shaft 21 rotates the crank 20 by means of the key 22, and the crank 20 drives the connecting rod 18 to move by means of the pin shaft, and the connecting rod 18 pulls the connecting disc 12 by means of the pin shaft, so that the piston 19 and the double-layer squirrel cage 5 fixed to the connecting disc 12 move synchronously in the axial direction in the main valve body 1. During the rearward movement of the piston 19, the outer circumference thereof forms a tapered annular flow channel with the inner wall of the main valve body 1, and the fluid enters the squirrel cage 5 structure after increasing speed through this flow channel: first, the fluid is radially injected into the annular intermediate cavity 8 between the outer and inner layers through the tapered first injection hole 9 of the outer layer squirrel cage 6 for diffusion and buffering, to complete the first-stage pressure reduction; and then, the fluid is injected towards the central axis of the pipeline through the tapered second injection hole 10 of the inner layer squirrel cage 7, and the multiple jets collide violently in the central area, converting kinetic energy into turbulent energy dissipation to realize the second-stage pressure reduction. The displacement of the piston 19 is accurately controlled by the driving device 23, and linear flow regulation and two-stage energy dissipation are simultaneously achieved, which breaks through the 5:1 pressure reduction limit of traditional single-stage valves, and the tapered hole structure effectively suppresses cavitation effect, ensuring long-term stable operation under high water head and high pressure difference conditions.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, but not to limit them; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure differential water delivery pipelines, characterized in that: The utility model provides a kind of water valve, including main valve body (1), main valve body (1) downstream is coaxially connected outlet valve body (3) by bolt, piston (19) is arranged in the cavity of main valve body (1) and can slide axially, piston (19) front end is embedded between connecting disc (12) and squirrel cage (5), and is fixed by connecting disc (12) and squirrel cage (5), squirrel cage (5) is arranged in the outlet end of main valve body (1) and is double-layer structure of jet hole type; Squirrel cage (5) includes coaxially sleeved outer squirrel cage (6) and inner squirrel cage (7), outer squirrel cage (6) is evenly provided with a plurality of first jet holes (9), inner squirrel cage (7) is evenly provided with a plurality of second jet holes (10), first jet hole (9) and second jet hole (10) are all small inside and large outside conical holes; Driving device (23) is arranged on the outside of main valve body (1), the output shaft of driving device (23) is connected with one end of valve shaft (21) penetrating through the side wall of main valve body (1), the middle part of valve shaft (21) is fixed with crank (20) by means of flat key (22), crank (20) is hinged with one end of connecting rod (18) by second pin shaft (17), the other end of connecting rod (18) is hinged with connecting disc (12) by first pin shaft (16) to form crank slider mechanism, and driving piston (19) moves axially along the cavity of main valve body (1).

2. The flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure difference water delivery pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The taper of first jet hole (9) and second jet hole (10) is 5°-35°, and the taper is the included angle between the generatrix of jet hole wall and the central axis, and the minimum aperture of second jet hole (10) is 5% larger than that of first jet hole (9).

3. The flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure difference water delivery pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the annular intermediate cavity (8) between outer squirrel cage (6) and inner squirrel cage (7) is 10mm-15mm, and the cross section is equal; a plurality of conical first jet holes (9) are evenly arranged on the circumference of outer squirrel cage (6); inner squirrel cage (7) is correspondingly provided with the same number and angle of conical second jet holes (10), each first jet hole (9) and the corresponding second jet hole (10) are located on the same radial distribution line of the same squirrel cage to form a coaxial jet hole pair; the fluid is radially injected into the intermediate cavity (8) through the outer first jet hole (9), and then is injected into the central axis of the pipeline through the inner second jet hole (10) at the same radial position to form a directional focused jet pair collision.

4. The flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure difference water delivery pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting disc (12) is in the form of a disc, a plurality of screw holes are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of connecting disc (12); outer squirrel cage (6) and inner squirrel cage (7) are integrally formed to form double squirrel cage (5); the flange (11) structure is arranged around the connecting end face of squirrel cage (5), and a through hole corresponding to the screw hole of connecting disc (12) is arranged on the flange (11); connecting disc (12) is fixed on the end face of connecting disc (12) by penetrating the through hole of flange (11) and the screw hole through screw (2); the front end of piston (19) is embedded between connecting disc (12) and squirrel cage (5) and is fixed by connecting disc (12) and squirrel cage (5); the piston (19), connecting disc (12) and double squirrel cage (5) assembly are rigidly integrated and moved by screwing to slide axially along the cavity of main valve body (1).

5. The flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure difference water delivery pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device (23) is fixed on the outer bracket of the main valve body (1). The output shaft of the driving device (23) is connected to the protruding end of the valve shaft (21) through a coupling. The driving device (23) drives the valve shaft (21) to rotate by rotating to realize opening or closing of the valve.

6. The flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure difference water delivery pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the valve shaft (21) are supported on the side wall of the main valve body (1) through bearings. One end of the valve shaft (21) extends out of the main valve body (1) and is connected to the output shaft of the driving device (23) through a coupling. The middle part of the valve shaft (21) is fixed to one end of the crank (20) through a flat key (22). The other end of the crank (20) is hinged to the connecting rod (18) through a second pin shaft (17). The end of the connecting rod (18) away from the crank (20) is hinged to the side of the connecting disk (12) through a first pin shaft (16). The circumference of the connecting disk (12) is fixed to the front end of the piston (19), so that the rotational motion of the driving device (23) is converted into axial linear motion of the piston (19) through the valve shaft (21), the crank (20) and the connecting rod (18).

7. The flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure differential penstocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the piston (19) moves axially along the inner cavity of the main valve body (1), an axially symmetrical annular flow channel is formed between the outer periphery of the piston (19) and the inner wall of the main valve body (1). The cross section of the annular flow channel gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet, and the fluid flow rate gradually increases along the flow direction; the fluid enters the conical first spray hole (9) of the outer squirrel cage (6) through the annular flow channel, is sprayed to the annular intermediate cavity (8) between the squirrel cages (5), and is then sprayed toward the central axis of the pipeline through the conical second spray hole (10) of the inner squirrel cage (7). Double-stage energy dissipation and pressure reduction are achieved through jet collision, and the flow rate is adjusted by controlling the cross section size of the annular flow channel.

8. The flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure difference water delivery pipeline according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first O-ring (13) is embedded in the annular groove between the main valve body (1) and the valve seat (4); a T-ring (15) is embedded in the axial end face of the squirrel cage (5) flange (11), and the T-ring (15) and the valve seat (4) are in sliding contact to form a dynamic seal; an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the main valve body (1), and a second O-ring (14) is embedded in the annular groove, and the outer wall of the rear end of the piston (19) is in sliding contact with the second O-ring (14) to form a dynamic seal.

9. The flow and pressure regulating valve for high head and high pressure differential penstocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping plate (24) is respectively provided at the end of the first pin shaft (16) and the second pin shaft (17), and the clamping plate (24) is a rectangular thin plate. One end of the clamping plate (24) of the first pin shaft (16) is fixed to the front end side of the connecting rod (18) by a screw (2), and the other end is attached to the end of the first pin shaft (16), so as to prevent the first pin shaft (16) from axially coming out of the hinge hole of the connecting rod (18); one end of the clamping plate (24) of the second pin shaft (17) is fixed to the rear end side of the connecting rod (18) by a screw (2), and the other end is attached to the end of the second pin shaft (17), so as to prevent the second pin shaft (17) from axially coming out of the hinge hole of the crank (20).

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