High-salt waste liquid incineration system
By guiding the refluxed flue gas to provide crystal nuclei for the new flue gas, and combining heating combustion and negative pressure suction technology, the blockage problem caused by molten salt crystallization in high-salt waste liquid incinerators has been solved, achieving safe, stable, long-cycle operation and environmentally friendly incineration results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422739909.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-11
AI Technical Summary
During the incineration of high-salt waste liquid, molten salt crystallizes on the furnace wall, causing corrosion of the furnace wall, blockage of flue and slag outlet, affecting the normal operation of the incinerator, making online cleaning difficult, and increasing maintenance costs.
The refluxed flue gas is guided in the incinerator to provide crystal nuclei for the new flue gas. The temperature of the furnace bottom is increased by using a heating burner. Combined with negative pressure suction and flue gas injection technology, the molten salt is crystallized into dust and discharged to prevent adhesion.
It effectively solved the problem of molten salt adhesion on the furnace wall, enabling safe, stable, and long-term operation of the incinerator, reducing energy loss and VOC content, and improving the environmental friendliness of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223470206U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to waste liquid incineration treatment equipment technical field, concretely relates to a kind of high-salt waste liquid incineration system. BACKGROUND
[0002] High-salt waste liquid is usually derived from petroleum chemical industry, pharmacy, printing and dyeing etc., and these waste liquids contain a large amount of inorganic salts, such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate. These salts are easy to melt under high temperature conditions, forming molten salt slag. When the salt-containing waste liquid is incinerated at high temperature in the incinerator, the salt in it will melt and recrystallize on the inner wall of the incinerator, forming salt deposition. This phenomenon not only affects the thermal efficiency of the incinerator, but also can cause corrosion and damage to the inner wall. Over time, the salt block becomes larger and larger, and when the salt can no longer hang on the furnace wall, it will fall to the bottom of the furnace, blocking the flue and the slag outlet, affecting the normal operation of the incinerator, and even causing safety accidents. Once blocked, it cannot be cleaned online, and the device can only be shut down for processing, seriously affecting the long-term operation of the device. Since the salt deposition layer is usually very hard, it is difficult to remove effectively by traditional cleaning methods, and frequent shutdown cleaning is required, increasing maintenance costs. SUMMARY
[0003] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a high-salt waste liquid incineration system, which solves the problem of salt deposition and blockage at the bottom of the high-salt waste liquid incinerator.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0005] The utility model provides a kind of high-salt waste liquid incineration system, including incinerator, waste heat boiler, air preheater, coal economizer, quenching tower, dry absorption device and bag-type dust collector, and the new flue gas generated by combustion in the incinerator enters waste heat boiler, air preheater, coal economizer, quenching tower, dry absorption device and bag-type dust collector in turn;The flue gas inlet of the bag-type dust collector is communicated with the incinerator hearth of the incinerator through reflux pipeline, and the reflux flue gas is guided to the incinerator hearth, to provide crystal nucleus for the crystallization of molten salt in new flue gas.
[0006] In the above high-salt waste liquid incineration system, the incinerator and the waste heat boiler are integrated U-shaped furnace;The incinerator hearth of the incinerator is communicated with the lower end of the waste heat recovery hearth of the waste heat boiler;The furnace bottom wall at the communication position of the incinerator hearth and the waste heat recovery hearth is provided with a slag tapping hole, and the slag tapping hole is communicated with a slag tapping groove.
[0007] In the above high-salt waste liquid incineration system, the furnace bottom wall is a bucket shape with large upper part and small lower part, and the slag tapping groove communicates with the lowest part of the furnace bottom wall.
[0008] And / or, the slag chute lower side is communicated with double-shaft slag cooler for receiving the salt crystallization of the slag chute and discharging.
[0009] In the high-salt waste liquid incineration system, the slag chute is further communicated with a negative pressure suction pipeline, and an output end of the negative pressure suction pipeline is communicated with an output end of the air preheater.
[0010] In the high-salt waste liquid incineration system, first, second and third flue gas injection pipelines are arranged on the rear side wall, the left side wall and the front side wall of the incineration chamber respectively for injecting the backflow flue gas into the incineration chamber.
[0011] In the high-salt waste liquid incineration system, the first, second and third flue gas injection pipelines each include a shunt pipe and a plurality of branch pipes, and the branch pipes are communicated with the shunt pipe; the backflow flue gas enters the shunt pipe and is injected into the incineration chamber through the branch pipes.
[0012] In the high-salt waste liquid incineration system, the branch pipes inject obliquely downward, and an included angle α between the injection direction and the horizontal plane is 25-35°.
[0013] And / or, the injection directions of the first, second and third flue gas injection pipelines are consistent in the circumferential direction of the incineration chamber.
[0014] In the high-salt waste liquid incineration system, the heights of the second, third and first flue gas injection pipelines are lowered in sequence, and the height difference is 500-800 mm.
[0015] In order to ensure that the gaseous salt is gradually precipitated as solid salt, in the high-salt waste liquid incineration system, a first temperature-raising burner is arranged at the lower end of the incineration chamber, and a second temperature-raising burner is arranged at the lower end of the waste heat recovery chamber.
[0016] The flame injection directions of the first and second temperature-raising burners are perpendicular to the flow direction of the new flue gas.
[0017] In the high-salt waste liquid incineration system, the first and second temperature-raising burners each include a connecting pipe body, the connecting pipe body is fixedly connected with the furnace wall of the incineration chamber or the waste heat recovery chamber through a flange, and the connecting pipe body communicates with the incineration chamber or the waste heat recovery chamber.
[0018] The connecting pipe body is communicated with a fuel connecting pipe and a combustion air pipe; and a igniter is arranged in the connecting pipe body for igniting the fuel.
[0019] And / or, the connecting pipe body is also communicated with a supplementary air pipe, which is located at the downstream side of the combustion air pipe in the flow direction of the fuel.
[0020] The beneficial effects of the utility model lie in:
[0021] The high-salt waste liquid incineration system of the application innovatively connects the flue gas inlet of the bag-type dust collector and the incineration hearth of the incinerator through a reflux pipeline, guides the reflux of flue gas to the incineration hearth, and provides crystal nucleus for the molten salt crystallization in the new flue gas; the molten salt can be condensed into dust-like crystals, which are adsorbed and discharged by negative pressure at the slag tapping groove; the phenomenon of adhesion and wall-hanging of the molten salt on the furnace wall is effectively solved, and the slag tapping port is prevented from being blocked;
[0022] The first temperature-raising burner and the second temperature-raising burner improve the temperature at the bottom of the incinerator, the crystalline salt has low viscosity and cannot adhere to the furnace wall, and the safe, stable and long-period operation of the high-salt waste liquid incineration system is realized;
[0023] The flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the first temperature-raising burner and the second temperature-raising burner is perpendicular to the flow direction of the new flue gas, which can ensure that the new flue gas is uniformly heated, the high-temperature flue gas is sent to the waste heat boiler together with the new flue gas for heat recovery, and the salt crystallization is prevented while reducing energy loss;
[0024] After the temperature at the bottom of the hearth is increased, the organic gas that has not been completely decomposed in the new flue gas can be decomposed again, the content of VOCs in the flue gas is greatly reduced, and the system is more environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0025] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of an embodiment of a high-salt waste liquid incineration system;
[0026] Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of the local structure of the incinerator in a high-salt waste liquid incineration system;
[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the arrangement state of the flue gas injection pipeline on the side wall of the incineration hearth in a high-salt waste liquid incineration system;
[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the structure of the flue gas injection pipeline in a high-salt waste liquid incineration system;
[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the structure of the temperature-raising burner in a high-salt waste liquid incineration system.
[0030] In the drawings:
[0031] 1-incinerator; 2-waste heat boiler; 3-air preheater; 4-economizer; 5-quench tower; 6-dry absorption device; 7-bag-type dust collector; 8-backflow pipeline; 9-negative pressure suction pipeline; 10-slag tapping groove; 11-second temperature-raising burner; 12-waste heat recovery furnace; 13-incineration furnace; 14-second flue gas injection pipeline; 15-first flue gas injection pipeline; 16-first temperature-raising burner; 17-furnace bottom wall; 18-third flue gas injection pipeline; 19-branch pipe; 20-shunt pipe; 21-igniter; 22-fuel connection pipe; 23-combustion air pipe; 24-air supplement pipe; 25-connection pipe body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the utility model is further explained below in combination with the drawings.
[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the high-salinity waste liquid incineration system provided by the utility model comprises an incinerator 1, a waste heat boiler 2, an air preheater 3, an economizer 4, a quench tower 5, a dry absorption device 6 and a bag-type dust collector 7. Flue gas generated by combustion in the incinerator 1 is referred to as new flue gas below. Under the action of an induced draft fan, the new flue gas sequentially enters the waste heat boiler 2, the air preheater 3, the economizer 4, the quench tower 5, the dry absorption device 6 and the bag-type dust collector 7, and flue gas that meets the emission standard is finally discharged from the incineration system. The waste heat boiler 2, the air preheater 3 and the economizer 4 serve as heat exchange equipment, and they cool the new flue gas while recovering heat in the new flue gas. The quench tower 5, the dry absorption device 6 and the bag-type dust collector 7 treat the new flue gas, further cool the new flue gas and remove harmful substances and dust in the new flue gas, so that the new flue gas meets the emission standard. The incinerator 1, the waste heat boiler 2, the air preheater 3, the economizer 4, the quench tower 5, the dry absorption device 6, the bag-type dust collector 7 and the induced draft fan all belong to existing equipment, and no improvement is made in the present application, so no further description is given herein.
[0034] As shown in Figure 2 The incinerator 1 and the waste heat boiler 2 are an integrated U-shaped furnace, that is, the incineration furnace 13 of the incinerator 1 is in communication with the lower end of the waste heat recovery furnace 12 of the waste heat boiler 2, a slag tapping hole is arranged on the furnace bottom wall 17 at the communication position, and a slag tapping groove 10 is in communication with the lower side of the slag tapping hole. Preferably, the furnace bottom wall 17 is in the shape of a bucket with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the slag tapping groove 10 is in communication with the lowest part of the furnace bottom wall 17, which is beneficial to the collection and output of salt crystals to the slag tapping groove 10. A double-shaft slag cooler is in communication with the lower side of the slag tapping groove 10, and the double-shaft slag cooler receives salt crystals falling from the slag tapping groove 10 and discharges the salt crystals.
[0035] The slag chute 10 is communicated with a negative pressure suction pipeline 9, the communication position is close to the lower end of the slag chute 10, the output end of the negative pressure suction pipeline 9 is communicated with the output end of the air preheater 3, the high-temperature flue gas sucked from the slag chute 10 is recombined into the new flue gas, not only can provide the environment for the negative pressure suction of the slag chute 10, and promote the salt crystallization to be settled into the double-shaft slag cooler, but also can use the high-temperature flue gas in the negative pressure suction pipeline 9 to heat the new flue gas in the main channel, avoid the rapid cooling of the part of the molten salt and adhere to the pipeline. The negative pressure suction pipeline 9 uses the induced draft fan to guide the airflow direction in the pipeline, the induced draft fan and the pipeline are combined to be applied to the prior art, the induced draft fan is not shown in the figure, and will not be expanded here.
[0036] In order to improve the salt crystallization in the molten state in the incineration chamber 13, the inventor innovatively proposes that the flue gas inlet of the bag-type dust collector 7 is communicated with the incineration chamber 13 of the incinerator 1 through the reflux pipeline 8, the flue gas containing dust is refluxed into the incineration chamber 13, and the crystal nucleus is provided for the molten salt crystallization in the new flue gas. The flue gas containing dust is hereinafter referred to as the reflux flue gas. The reflux pipeline 8 guides the airflow direction in the pipeline through the induced draft fan, so that a certain amount of the reflux flue gas is refluxed into the incineration chamber 13. The induced draft fan and the pipeline are combined to be applied to the prior art, the induced draft fan is not shown in the figure, and will not be expanded here.
[0037] After the new flue gas enters the quenching tower 5, the quenching water is atomized into the tower through the double-fluid nozzle at the top of the quenching tower 5, the flue gas temperature is rapidly reduced from 550 DEG C to about 200 DEG C, thereby effectively inhibiting the regeneration of dioxin. In this process, because sodium hydroxide is added in the quenching water, the particulate matters in the new flue gas increase sodium carbonate and other substances, and the particulate matter content is increased. At the same time, the dry absorption device 6 uses sodium bicarbonate as a desulfurizer, a certain amount of lime powder is delivered into the flue gas through the air blower to achieve the purpose of removing part of SO2; in this process, because the lime is put in, the particulate matters in the flue gas increase calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate and other substances, and the particulate matter content of the new flue gas is further increased. The new flue gas with fine particle size dust enters the bag-type dust collector 7, the dust in the flue gas is intercepted on the outer surface of the filter bag and is thus purified. Therefore, the reflux flue gas obtained from the inlet of the bag-type dust collector 7 contains a large amount of dust. The position where the reflux pipeline 8 is communicated with the incinerator 1 is close to the lower part of the incineration chamber 13, the new flue gas after the full combustion of the salt-containing waste liquid contacts and mixes with the reflux flue gas; a large amount of dust in the reflux flue gas can form the crystal nucleus of the molten salt, promote the salt crystallization in the molten state in the new flue gas; the salt dust after crystallization is suspended in the incineration chamber 13 and flows into the waste heat boiler 2 together with the new flue gas; the salt particles after crystallization are in a low position in the process of flowing into the waste heat recovery chamber 12 from the incineration chamber 13, which is beneficial to be captured and conveyed out of the incinerator 1 and the waste heat boiler 2 by the negative pressure suction of the slag chute 10, and avoids the slag outlet from being blocked.
[0038] Further, the rear side wall, the left side wall and the front side wall of the incineration chamber 13 are respectively provided with a first flue gas injection pipeline 15, a second flue gas injection pipeline 14 and a third flue gas injection pipeline 18. As shown in Figure 4 , the first flue gas injection pipeline 15, the second flue gas injection pipeline 14 and the third flue gas injection pipeline 18 all include a shunt pipe 20 and a plurality of branch pipes 19, the branch pipes 19 being in communication with the shunt pipe 20; the flue gas flowing back from the bag-type dust collector 7 first enters the shunt pipe 20 and then is injected into the incineration chamber 13 by the branch pipes 19.
[0039] Preferably, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the branch pipes 19 inject obliquely downward, and the included angle α between the injection direction and the horizontal plane is 25-35°.
[0040] In the circumferential direction of the incineration chamber 13, the injection directions of the first flue gas injection pipeline 15, the second flue gas injection pipeline 14 and the third flue gas injection pipeline 18 are consistent, and are inclined at a certain angle clockwise or counterclockwise; after the flue gas flowing back is injected into the incineration chamber 13, it flows obliquely downward to form a vortex, as shown in Figure 3 ; which is conducive to the mixing of the flue gas flowing back and the new flue gas, and promotes the molten salt in the new flue gas to crystallize with the particles in the flue gas flowing back as the crystal nucleus.
[0041] In the vertical direction, the heights of the second flue gas injection pipeline 14, the third flue gas injection pipeline 18 and the first flue gas injection pipeline 15 are sequentially lowered, and the height difference is 500-800 mm; that is, the third flue gas injection pipeline 18 is 500-800 mm higher than the first flue gas injection pipeline 15, and the second flue gas injection pipeline 14 is 500-800 mm higher than the third flue gas injection pipeline 18.
[0042] Further, the lower end of the incineration chamber 13 is provided with a first temperature-raising burner 16, and the lower end of the waste heat recovery chamber 12 is provided with a second temperature-raising burner 11; the structures of the first temperature-raising burner 16 and the second temperature-raising burner 11 are as shown in Figure 5 , which include a connecting pipe body 25, the connecting pipe body 25 being fixedly connected with the furnace wall of the incinerator 1 or the waste heat boiler 2 through flanges. One end of the connecting pipe body 25 is in communication with the incineration chamber 13 or the waste heat recovery chamber 12, and the other end is provided with a fuel connection pipe 22, the fuel connection pipe 22 further being in communication with an air for combustion pipe 23; the air for combustion and the fuel are mixed after being converged in the fuel connection pipe 22 and then enter the connecting pipe body 25. Preferably, the connecting pipe body 25 is further in communication with a supplementary air pipe 24, which is located on the downstream side of the air for combustion pipe 23 in the flow direction of the fuel, so as to provide sufficient oxygen for the fuel and ensure sufficient combustion and combustion temperature. The connecting pipe body 25 is further provided with an igniter 21 for igniting the fuel.
[0043] The flame jet directions of the first temperature-raising burner 16 and the second temperature-raising burner 11 are perpendicular to the flow direction of the new flue gas, and the temperature of the new flue gas is raised. Natural gas or diesel can be selected as the fuel of the first temperature-raising burner 16 and the second temperature-raising burner 11, and the temperature at the bottom of the incineration hearth 13 and the waste heat recovery hearth 12 is raised to 850-880 DEG C, so that the molten salt is prevented from being cooled and solidified and then accumulated to block the slagging-off port, thereby causing the system to fail to meet the purpose of continuous operation.
[0044] Based on the negative pressure suction design at the slagging-off groove 10, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the first temperature-raising burner 16 and the second temperature-raising burner 11 is partially sucked to the double-shaft slag cooler and cooled by the circulating cooling water together with the molten salt, and most of the flue gas is sent to the waste heat recovery hearth 12 together with the new flue gas for heat recovery, so that the salt deposition is prevented and the energy loss is reduced, the slag blocking of the slagging-off port is fundamentally solved, and the safe and efficient slagging-off is realized.
[0045] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be variously changed and modified. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A high-salinity waste liquid incineration system comprising an incinerator (1), a waste heat boiler (2), an air preheater (3), an economizer (4), a quench tower (5), a dry absorption device (6) and a bag-type dust collector (7), wherein the new flue gas generated by combustion in the incinerator (1) sequentially enters the waste heat boiler (2), the air preheater (3), the economizer (4), the quench tower (5), the dry absorption device (6) and the bag-type dust collector (7); characterized in that, The flue gas inlet of the cloth bag dust collector (7) is communicated with the incineration chamber (13) of the incinerator (1) through a backflow pipeline (8), and the backflow flue gas is guided to backflow into the incineration chamber (13) to provide crystal nucleus for the molten salt crystallization in the new flue gas.
2. The high-salt waste liquid incineration system according to claim 1, characterized by, The incinerator (1) and the waste heat boiler (2) are an integrated U-shaped furnace; the incineration chamber (13) of the incinerator (1) is communicated with the lower end of the waste heat recovery chamber (12) of the waste heat boiler (2); the furnace bottom wall (17) at the communication position of the incineration chamber (13) and the heat recovery chamber (12) is provided with a slag tapping hole, and the slag tapping hole is communicated with a slag tapping groove (10).
3. The high-salt waste liquid incineration system according to claim 2, characterized by, The furnace bottom wall (17) is a bucket shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the slag tapping groove (10) communicates with the lowest part of the furnace bottom wall (17); And / or, the lower side of the slag tapping groove (10) is communicated with a double-shaft slag cooler for receiving the salt crystals falling from the slag tapping groove (10) and discharging.
4. The high-salt waste liquid incineration system according to claim 2, characterized by, The slag tapping groove (10) is also communicated with a negative pressure suction pipeline (9), and the output end of the negative pressure suction pipeline (9) is communicated with the output end of the air preheater (3).
5. The high-salt waste liquid incineration system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by, The rear side wall, the left side wall and the front side wall of the incineration chamber (13) are respectively provided with a first flue gas injection pipeline (15), a second flue gas injection pipeline (14) and a third flue gas injection pipeline (18) for injecting the backflow flue gas into the incineration chamber (13).
6. The high-salt waste liquid incineration system according to claim 5, characterized by, The first flue gas injection pipeline (15), the second flue gas injection pipeline (14) and the third flue gas injection pipeline (18) each include a shunt pipe (20) and a plurality of branch pipes (19), and the branch pipes (19) are communicated with the shunt pipe (20); after the backflow flue gas enters the shunt pipe (20), the backflow flue gas is injected into the incineration chamber (13) through the branch pipes (19).
7. The high-salt waste liquid incineration system according to claim 6, characterized by, The branch pipes (19) inject obliquely downward, and the included angle α between the injection direction and the horizontal plane is 25-35°; And / or, the injection directions of the first flue gas injection pipeline (15), the second flue gas injection pipeline (14) and the third flue gas injection pipeline (18) are consistent in the circumferential direction of the incineration chamber (13).
8. The high-salt waste liquid incineration system according to claim 5, characterized by, The heights of the second flue gas injection pipeline (14), the third flue gas injection pipeline (18) and the first flue gas injection pipeline (15) are sequentially reduced, and the height difference is 500-800 mm.
9. The high-salt waste liquid incineration system according to claim 2, characterized by, The lower end of the incineration chamber (13) is provided with a first temperature rising burner (16), and the lower end of the waste heat recovery chamber (12) is provided with a second temperature rising burner (11); The flame injection directions of the first temperature rising burner (16) and the second temperature rising burner (11) are perpendicular to the flow direction of the new flue gas.
10. The high-salt waste liquid incineration system according to claim 9, characterized by, The first temperature rising burner (16) and the second temperature rising burner (11) each include a connecting pipe body (25), the connecting pipe body (25) is fixedly connected with the furnace wall of the incinerator (1) or the waste heat boiler (2) through a flange, and the connecting pipe body (25) communicates with the incineration chamber (13) or the waste heat recovery chamber (12). The connecting pipe body (25) is communicated with a fuel connecting pipe (22) and a combustion air pipe (23); a igniter (21) is arranged in the connecting pipe body (25) and used for igniting fuel; And / or, the connecting pipe body (25) is further communicated with a supplementary air pipe (24), and the supplementary air pipe (24) is located on a downstream side of the combustion air pipe (23) in the fuel flow direction.