Battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack and a vehicle, and the battery pack comprises a box body which is provided with a through hole; the anti-explosion valve is arranged in the through opening; the shielding plate is arranged on the inner wall of the box body and covers the explosion-proof valve, an air passing opening is formed between the edge of the shielding plate and the box body, a fireproof channel is formed between the shielding plate and the box body, and the fireproof channel is located between the explosion-proof valve and the air passing opening. When thermal runaway of the battery cells in the battery pack occurs, erupted high-temperature metal particles are shielded by the shielding plate and cannot be directly erupted to the outside of the box body from the explosion-proof valve, so that the condition of continuous fire at the explosion-proof valve is prevented. Pressure generated in the box body acts on the anti-explosion valve after passing through the air passing opening and the fireproof channel. And when the pressure in the box body is too high, the anti-explosion valve is opened to release the pressure, so that the condition that the battery pack explodes due to the too high pressure in the box body is prevented. In addition, the fireproof channel also has the effect of extinguishing flames.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to new energy battery technical field, concretely relates to a battery pack and vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The protection of battery pack to thermal runaway is one of important factors of safety performance of new energy vehicle. After the thermal runaway of the battery pack, the high-temperature and high-speed metal particles (mainly copper foil) are sprayed. When the high-temperature metal particles are sprayed in the battery pack box, the metal particles are not easy to ignite due to the limited oxygen content in the box. However, if the metal particles (and other flammable gas) are sprayed to the outside of the battery pack through the explosion-proof valve on the box, the high-temperature metal particles will be ignited instantly when meeting the oxygen in the external environment of the battery pack, resulting in continuous ignition at the explosion-proof valve, which seriously affects the safety performance of the vehicle. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the utility model wants to overcome the defect that the high-temperature metal particles and flammable gas are easy to spray to the outside of the battery pack after the thermal runaway of the battery pack in the prior art, resulting in continuous ignition, so as to provide a battery pack and vehicle.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a battery pack, which comprises: a box, a through opening is arranged on the box; an explosion-proof valve arranged in the through opening; a shielding plate arranged on the inner wall of the box and covering the explosion-proof valve, the edge of the shielding plate and the box form an air passage, the shielding plate and the box form a fireproof channel, and the fireproof channel is located between the explosion-proof valve and the air passage.

[0005] Optionally, the opening direction of the through opening and the opening direction of the air passage have a preset angle.

[0006] Optionally, the box comprises a bottom plate and a side plate arranged at the edge of the bottom plate, the through opening is arranged on the side plate, and the opening direction of the air passage is towards the bottom plate.

[0007] Optionally, the shielding plate is arranged on the side plate, and the edge of the shielding plate towards the bottom plate and the side plate form the air passage.

[0008] Optionally, the box is a sheet metal box.

[0009] Optionally, the battery pack further comprises a bracket fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the box, the shielding plate is arranged on the bracket, a connecting part is arranged on the bracket, and the connecting part is used for connecting with the electrical element.

[0010] Optionally, the box comprises a bottom plate and a side plate arranged at the edge of the bottom plate, the bracket comprises a first plate segment, the first plate segment is arranged on the inner wall of the side plate, and the shielding plate is arranged on the first plate segment.

[0011] Optionally, the box body also includes a connecting flange arranged on the edge of the side panel facing away from the bottom panel, and the bracket also includes a second plate segment, the second plate segment is connected to the first plate segment and is angled with each other, the second plate segment is arranged on the connecting flange, and the connecting part is arranged on the connecting flange.

[0012] Optionally, an avoidance gap is provided on the edge of the second plate segment.

[0013] The present application also provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0014] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] By utilizing the technical solution of the present invention, a baffle is provided outside the explosion-proof valve of the box. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells in the battery pack, the erupted high-temperature metal particles are blocked by the baffle and will not be directly erupted from the explosion-proof valve to the outside of the box, thereby preventing the explosion-proof valve from continuing to catch fire. The pressure generated in the box acts on the explosion-proof valve after passing through the air vent and the fireproof passage. When the pressure in the box is too high, the explosion-proof valve is opened and the pressure is released to prevent the battery pack from exploding due to excessive pressure in the box. In addition, the fireproof passage also has the effect of extinguishing flames. Therefore, the technical solution of the present invention solves the defect in the prior art that high-temperature metal particles and combustible gases are easily erupted to the outside of the battery pack after thermal runaway of the battery cells of the battery pack, resulting in continuous fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the battery box of the present invention is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of one of the shielding plates in the middle box;

[0019] Figure 3 Shown Figure 2 a schematic cross-sectional view of the middle baffle;

[0020] Figure 4 Shown Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of another baffle in the middle box.

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 10. Box body; 11. Through-hole; 12. Bottom plate; 13. Side plate; 14. Flanged edge; 20. Explosion-proof valve; 30. Shielding plate; 40. Air vent; 50. Bracket; 51. First plate section; 52. Second plate section; 512. Avoidance gap; 60. Connecting part; 70. Fire escape. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0026] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, according to an embodiment of the battery pack of the present application, it includes a case 10, an explosion-proof valve 20 and a baffle 30. Among them, a through opening 11 is provided on the case 10. The explosion-proof valve 20 is arranged in the through opening 11. The baffle 30 is arranged on the inner wall of the case 10 and covers the outside of the explosion-proof valve 20. Furthermore, an air outlet 40 is formed between the edge of the baffle 30 and the case 10, and a fireproof passage 70 is formed between the baffle 30 and the case 10, and the fireproof passage 70 is located between the explosion-proof valve 20 and the air outlet 40.

[0028] With the technical scheme of the embodiment, the shielding plate 30 is arranged outside the explosion-proof valve 20 of the box 10. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the high-temperature metal particles sprayed out are blocked by the shielding plate 30 and cannot be directly sprayed out from the explosion-proof valve 20 to the outside of the box 10, preventing the explosion-proof valve 20 from continuously catching fire. The pressure generated in the box 10 acts on the explosion-proof valve 20 through the air passage 40 and the fireproof channel 70. When the pressure in the box 10 is too large, the explosion-proof valve 20 is opened and pressure relief is performed, preventing the battery pack from exploding due to excessive pressure in the box 10. In addition, the fireproof channel 70 also has the effect of extinguishing the flame. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment solves the defect that the high-temperature metal particles and flammable gas of the battery pack are easily sprayed out to the outside of the battery pack after the thermal runaway of the battery pack, causing continuous fire.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 , the box 10, i.e. the shell of the battery pack, serves to place the battery cells and electrical elements. The space in the box 10 is divided into a battery compartment and an electrical compartment.

[0030] As can be seen from Figure 3 , the box 10 is provided with a through hole 11, which is a hole structure and penetrates the box 10, connecting the inside and outside of the box 10. The explosion-proof valve 20 is fixedly installed at the through hole 11. When the pressure in the box 10 is too large, the explosion-proof valve 20 is pushed open by the pressure, so that rapid pressure relief can be performed through the explosion-proof valve 20, preventing the battery pack from exploding due to excessive pressure.

[0031] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the shielding plate 30 is arranged on the inner wall of the box 10 and covers the explosion-proof valve 20. As can be seen from Figure 3 , the shielding plate 30 has a certain gap with the inner wall of the box 10, so that the edge of the shielding plate 30 forms an air passage 40 with the box 10, and the shielding plate 30 and the box 10 form a fireproof channel 70 between the air passage 40 and the explosion-proof valve 20.

[0032] When the battery pack is in thermal runaway and high-temperature metal particles are sprayed out, the shielding plate 30 can block the metal particles and prevent them from being directly sprayed out from the explosion-proof valve 20 to the outside of the battery pack, thereby avoiding continuous fire at the explosion-proof valve 20 of the battery pack.

[0033] In addition, the fire extinguishing channel 70 lengthens the distance between the air passage 40 and the explosion-proof valve 20, so that even if part of the metal particles enter the air passage, they are not easy to flow to the explosion-proof valve 20.

[0034] Further, the pressure in the box 10 can act on the explosion-proof valve 20 through the air passage 40 and the fireproof channel 70, and when the pressure in the box 10 is large, the pressure can push open the explosion-proof valve 20, preventing the battery pack from exploding due to excessive pressure.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , in the technical solution of the embodiment, the box 10 is provided with explosion-proof valves 20 on both sides, and therefore the inner wall of the box 10 is provided with baffle plates 30 corresponding to the positions of the two explosion-proof valves 20. In the case where the battery pack is provided with multiple explosion-proof valves 20, the number of baffle plates 30 can be determined by the person skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0036] As shown in Figure 3 , in the technical solution of the embodiment, the opening direction of the through port 11 and the opening direction of the air passage 40 have a preset angle.

[0037] Specifically, by setting the opening direction of the through port 11 and the opening direction of the air passage 40 to have a preset angle, the airflow can flow through the bend in the fireproof channel 70 to reach the explosion-proof valve 20 after entering the air passage 40. In this way, the metal particles are less likely to reach the explosion-proof valve 20, and the fireproof effect is better.

[0038] Alternatively, the person skilled in the art can adjust the preset angle between the opening direction of the through port 11 and the opening direction of the air passage 40 according to actual needs.

[0039] For example, the preset angle can be 30°, 60°, 90°, or 120°, etc.

[0040] In some embodiments not shown, the person skilled in the art can set the flow path in the fireproof channel 70 to be in the form of a "C" shape, an "S" shape, etc., so as to further make the metal particles less likely to reach the explosion-proof valve 20, and the fireproof effect is better.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 , in the technical solution of the embodiment, the box 10 includes a bottom plate 12 and a side plate 13 arranged at the edge of the bottom plate 12, the through port 11 is arranged on the side plate 13, and the opening direction of the air passage 40 is towards the bottom plate 12.

[0042] Specifically, the bottom plate 12 and the side plate 13 form a basin-shaped structure with the opening upwards, and the bottom plate 12 is used to place the battery cells and electrical elements. Figure 3 It can be seen that the bottom plate 12 and the side plate 13 form an obtuse angle.

[0043] Since the through hole 11 is arranged on the side plate 13, the opening direction of the through hole 11 is an oblique upward direction relative to the bottom plate 12. Since the opening direction of the gas passage 40 is toward the bottom plate 12, the opening direction of the gas passage 40 is substantially a vertical downward direction. That is, the opening direction of the through hole 11 is arranged at an obtuse angle with the opening direction of the gas passage 40.

[0044] In combination Figure 3 It can be seen that after the battery cell is in thermal runaway, the sprayed metal particles need to enter the gas passage 40 from below to above, and then the metal particles need to climb upward in the fireproof channel 70, and finally be sprayed out of the explosion-proof valve 20 in an oblique downward direction to the outside of the battery pack. In this process, the kinetic energy of the metal particles is continuously lost on the tortuous flow path, and the metal particles are easily settled on the bottom plate 12 under the action of their own gravity, and are difficult to be sprayed out of the explosion-proof valve 20, thus having good fireproof effect.

[0045] Further, those skilled in the art can adjust the position of the through hole 11 according to actual needs, without being limited to being arranged on the side plate 13 as described above.

[0046] Further, those skilled in the art can adjust the opening direction of the gas passage 40 according to actual needs, without being limited to the direction toward the bottom plate 12 as described above. For example, the opening direction of the gas passage 40 can be arranged to be toward the horizontal, or toward the upward direction.

[0047] As Figure 3 shown, in the technical solution of the embodiment, the shielding plate 30 is arranged on the side plate 13, and the edge of the shielding plate 30 toward the bottom plate 12 and the side plate 13 form the gas passage 40.

[0048] From Figure 3 It can be seen that the edge of the shielding plate 30 toward the bottom plate 12, that is, the lower edge, has a gap with the inner wall of the side plate 13, and the gap forms the gas passage 40. The gas can flow upward to the fireproof channel 70 through the gap between the lower edge of the shielding plate 30 and the side plate 13.

[0049] In the technical solution of the embodiment, the box body 10 is a sheet metal box body.

[0050] Specifically, some battery packs in the prior art have a profile box body. Since the profile has a cavity, the cavity of the profile box body can be used as a fireproof channel. For a sheet metal box body, it does not have a cavity structure, and therefore it is more necessary to arrange the shielding plate 30 so that the shielding plate 30 and the box body 10 form the fireproof channel 70.

[0051] From the construction Figure 1 and Figure 3It can be seen that in the sheet metal box in the embodiment, the bottom plate 12 and the side plate 13 are formed by sheet metal stamping and bending, that is, the bottom plate 12 and the side plate 13 are an integral structure.

[0052] Of course, the profile box can also use the shielding plate 30 structure of the present application.

[0053] As Figure 2 shown, in the technical solution of the embodiment, the battery pack further includes a support 50, the support 50 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the box 10, the shielding plate 30 is arranged on the support 50, the support 50 is provided with a connecting portion 60, and the connecting portion 60 is used to be connected with the electrical element.

[0054] In the embodiment, the support 50 is fixed on the inner wall of the box 10, and the fixing mode can be welding, fastener connection, clamping and the like. The support 50 plays a role of fixing the electrical element and also plays a role of supporting the shielding plate 30, thereby simplifying the number of parts and the structure.

[0055] From Figure 2 It can be seen that the support 50 is a sheet metal part, and the shielding plate 30 is formed by stamping a convex part on the support 50.

[0056] Further, the connecting portion 60 includes a connecting hole, and the connecting hole is a plurality of connecting holes, and the arrangement of the plurality of connecting holes can be determined according to the electrical element to be connected.

[0057] In some embodiments not shown, the shielding plate 30 can also not be arranged on the support 50, that is, the shielding plate 30 is an independent structure. In this embodiment, the upper edge and the left and right edges of the shielding plate 30 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box 10, and at this time, the lower edge of the shielding plate 30 and the box 10 form the air passage 40.

[0058] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in the technical solution of the embodiment, the support 50 includes a first plate segment 51, the first plate segment 51 is arranged on the inner wall of the side plate 13, and the shielding plate 30 is arranged on the first plate segment 51.

[0059] In this way, the shielding plate 30 can be fixed on the side plate 13, that is, the shielding plate 30 is arranged outside the explosion-proof valve 20, and the air passage 40 formed by the shielding plate 30 and the side plate 13 is towards the bottom plate 12.

[0060] As Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in the technical solution of the embodiment, the box body 10 further comprises a connecting flange 14 arranged on the edge of the side plate 13 away from the bottom plate 12, and the support 50 further comprises a second plate segment 52, which is connected with the first plate segment 51 and is at an angle with the first plate segment 51, and the second plate segment 52 is arranged on the connecting flange 14, and the connecting portion 60 is arranged on the connecting flange 14.

[0061] Specifically, the first plate segment 51 and the second plate segment 52 are arranged at an angle of about 90°, that is, the cross-sectional shape of the two is about "L" type. Figure 2 As can be seen, the outer side of the lower edge of the first plate segment 51 is provided with a protruding portion, which can cover the explosion-proof valve 20, and the above-mentioned shielding plate 30 is formed by stamping on the protruding portion.

[0062] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the edge of the second plate segment 52 is provided with a relief gap 512. The relief gap 512 is used to avoid the structure of the electric element or other structure, in the embodiment, the relief gap 512 is formed by two straight edges, which can be at an angle of 90° or other angles. Of course, the specific shape of the relief gap 512 can be determined according to the shape of the structure to be avoided.

[0063] In addition, from Figure 2 and Figure 4 As can be seen, according to the different structures installed on both sides of the battery pack, the shapes of the relief gaps 512 on the two supports 50 are different, and the person skilled in the art can adaptively design according to the actual needs.

[0064] The application also provides a vehicle, and the vehicle according to the embodiment of the application comprises the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0065] Optionally, the vehicle is a new energy electric vehicle.

[0066] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating, and not limit the embodiments. For those skilled in the art, on the basis of the above-mentioned description, other different forms of changes or variations can also be made. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized by, The battery pack comprises: a box (10) provided with a through opening (11); an explosion-proof valve (20) arranged in the through opening (11); a shielding plate (30) arranged on the inner wall of the box (10) and covering the explosion-proof valve (20), the edge of the shielding plate (30) and the box (10) forming an air passage (40), the shielding plate (30) and the box (10) forming a fireproof channel (70) between the explosion-proof valve (20) and the air passage (40).

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The opening direction of the through opening (11) and the opening direction of the air passage (40) have a preset angle.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, The box (10) comprises a bottom plate (12) and a side plate (13) arranged at the edge of the bottom plate (12), the through opening (11) is arranged on the side plate (13), and the opening direction of the air passage (40) is towards the bottom plate (12).

4. The battery pack of claim 3, wherein, The shielding plate (30) is arranged on the side plate (13), and the edge of the shielding plate (30) towards the bottom plate (12) and the side plate (13) form the air passage (40).

5. The battery pack of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The box (10) is a sheet metal box.

6. The battery pack of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The battery pack further comprises a bracket (50) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the box (10), the shielding plate (30) is arranged on the bracket (50), and the bracket (50) is provided with a connecting portion (60) for connecting with an electrical element.

7. The battery pack of claim 6, wherein, The box (10) comprises a bottom plate (12) and a side plate (13) arranged at the edge of the bottom plate (12), the bracket (50) comprises a first plate segment (51) arranged on the inner wall of the side plate (13), and the shielding plate (30) is arranged on the first plate segment (51).

8. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein, The box (10) further comprises a connecting flange (14) arranged at the edge of the side plate (13) away from the bottom plate (12), the bracket (50) further comprises a second plate segment (52) connected with the first plate segment (51) and forming an angle with the first plate segment (51), the second plate segment (52) is arranged on the connecting flange (14), and the connecting portion (60) is arranged on the connecting flange (14).

9. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein, The edge of the second plate segment (52) is provided with a relief gap (512).

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The battery pack comprises the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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