Water outlet device and bathtub
By designing a water outlet that opens when there is water flow and covers the water outlet when there is no water flow, the problems of the waterfall water outlet's aesthetics and prevention of foreign matter from entering are solved, and effective anti-clogging and pollution protection is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422542891.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-21
AI Technical Summary
The water outlet of the existing waterfall water outlet is exposed, resulting in poor aesthetics and easy entry of foreign objects, especially mosquitoes, causing pollution or blockage.
A water outlet is designed, which uses a swinging part to open the water outlet when there is water flow and cover the water outlet when there is no water flow. The automatic covering of the water outlet is achieved through the conversion of water flow force and gravitational potential energy, combined with the rotational cooperation of the shaft protrusion and the shaft hole and the sealing structure of the surface cover.
The normal use of the water outlet is achieved when there is water flow, and when there is no water flow, foreign matter is effectively prevented from entering, avoiding blockage and pollution, while maintaining aesthetics.
Smart Images

Figure CN223475282U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bathroom fixtures, specifically to a water dispenser and a bathtub. Background Technology
[0002] Existing waterfall showerheads often have exposed spouts, making their internal structure visible. This not only affects aesthetics but also makes them prone to trapping foreign objects. See also Figure 11 The improved waterfall water outlet assembly includes a baffle plate, a support plate, and a water outlet. The baffle plate is installed on the front of the back panel and blocks the strip-shaped hole. There is a gap between the baffle plate and the strip-shaped hole, and a horizontal, strip-shaped water outlet is provided at the bottom of the gap. The support plate is installed on the back of the back panel and is located below the strip-shaped hole. The water outlet is installed on the support plate and has a water inlet for connecting a water pipe and a long strip-shaped water outlet extending into the strip-shaped hole. Because the baffle plate is fixed and only blocks the water outlet from a visual perspective, foreign objects, especially insects such as mosquitoes, may still enter the water outlet and cause contamination or blockage when water is not flowing. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned defects or problems in the background technology and provide a water outlet and bathtub that can both cover the water outlet and prevent flying insects and other foreign objects from entering.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention and its related embodiments adopt the following technical solutions, but are not limited to the following solutions:
[0005] The first technical solution relates to a water dispenser, which includes a water outlet chamber and a swinging member. The water outlet chamber is connected to a water outlet. The swinging member is adapted to rotate relative to the wall of the water outlet chamber. When water flows through the water outlet chamber, the swinging member is adapted to rotate from a first position along a first direction under the action of water force and open the water outlet, and accumulates gravitational potential energy during the rotation. When water does not flow through the water outlet chamber, the swinging member releases gravitational potential energy and rotates in the opposite direction along the first direction to stop at a first position. At the first position, the swinging member blocks the water outlet.
[0006] The second technical solution is based on the first technical solution, wherein one of the oscillating member and the cavity wall of the water outlet cavity is provided with a shaft protrusion and the other is provided with a shaft hole. The shaft protrusion and the shaft hole are rotatably engaged so that the oscillating member rotates relative to the cavity wall of the water outlet cavity in a first direction and in the opposite direction to the first direction.
[0007] The third technical solution is based on the second technical solution and includes a cover, which is adapted to cover the opening of the water outlet cavity and is provided with the water outlet. One of the cover and the swing member is provided with the shaft protrusion, and the other is provided with the shaft hole.
[0008] The fourth technical solution is based on the second technical solution, wherein the water outlet is an elongated opening, the shaft protrusions are respectively disposed at both ends of the swing member along its length extension direction and are opposite to each other; the opposite side walls of the water outlet extend along the bottom wall direction of the water outlet cavity to form two extension arms, and the extension arms are respectively provided with the shaft hole.
[0009] The fifth technical solution is based on the fourth technical solution, wherein the swinging component includes a rotating part, the rotating part is provided with the shaft protrusion, and the rotating part is suitable for human hand gripping.
[0010] The sixth technical solution is based on the first technical solution, wherein the bottom wall of the water outlet channel extends to the lower wall of the water outlet cavity.
[0011] The seventh technical solution is based on the first technical solution, wherein the inner wall of the water outlet is provided with a stop slope at at least one end perpendicular to the rotation axis of the swing member, and the swing member is provided with a corresponding abutment surface; the abutment surface is adapted to abut against the stop slope when the swing member is in the first position.
[0012] The eighth technical solution is based on the seventh technical solution, wherein the two sides of the swing member adjacent to the abutment surface have gaps between them and the two inner walls corresponding to the water outlet.
[0013] The ninth technical solution is based on the first technical solution, wherein the swing member is provided with an arc-shaped abutment portion, and the arc-shaped abutment portion is adapted to abut against the bottom wall of the water outlet cavity.
[0014] The tenth technical solution relates to a bathtub, the bathtub including a tub body, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet device as described in any one of the first to eighth technical solutions, the water outlet device being installed on the side wall of the tub body, the water outlet facing the cavity of the tub body, and the water outlet cavity being connected to the water inlet pipe.
[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] In the first technical solution, the oscillating component is adapted to rotate relative to the wall of the water outlet cavity. When water flows through the water outlet cavity, the force of the water flow overcomes the gravity of the oscillating component and pushes it to rotate from the first position along the first direction. During the rotation, the center of gravity of the oscillating component rises, accumulating gravitational potential energy. When water does not flow through the water outlet cavity, the force of the water flow disappears, and the oscillating component rotates in the opposite direction along the first direction under the action of the release of gravitational potential energy, thereby stopping at the first position to cover the water outlet. Compared with the prior art, the oscillating component of this application rotates relative to the wall of the water outlet cavity, thereby rotating in the first direction and opening the water outlet when there is water flow, or rotating in the opposite direction under the action of the release of gravitational potential energy when there is no water flow, stopping at the first position to cover the water outlet. This avoids directly seeing the internal structure and affecting aesthetics, and can effectively prevent foreign objects or insects from entering the interior of the water dispenser through the water outlet when there is no water flow, causing blockage or pollution.
[0017] In the second technical solution, the rotational fit between the shaft protrusion and the shaft hole is a way to achieve a rotational connection, and the structure is relatively simple.
[0018] In the third technical solution, the face cover seals the water outlet cavity and has a water outlet. One of the face cover and the swinging component has a shaft hole, and the other has a shaft protrusion. This structure makes the water outlet cavity structure simpler and facilitates the installation of the swinging component.
[0019] In the fourth technical solution, an extension arm is formed by extending the side wall of the outlet and a shaft hole is provided to facilitate mold opening.
[0020] In the fifth technical solution, the rotating part is suitable for human hand gripping, which facilitates the installation of the swinging component.
[0021] In the sixth technical solution, the bottom wall of the water outlet channel extends directly to the lower wall of the water outlet cavity, so that after the water flows into the water outlet cavity from the water outlet channel, it flows down along the lower wall of the water outlet cavity to wash the lower end of the swinging component, which facilitates the rotation of the swinging component.
[0022] In the seventh technical solution, the swinging component blocks the water outlet when it is in the first position, and the contacting surface and the stop slope make it easier for the swinging component to stop when there is no water flow. The contacting parts are seamless, which makes the blocking effect on the water outlet better.
[0023] In the eighth technical solution, the gap can prevent interference between the swinging component and the inner wall of the outlet when the swinging component rotates.
[0024] In the ninth technical solution, when the water flow is large enough, the oscillating component can rotate in the first direction and abut against the bottom wall of the water outlet cavity. The arc-shaped abutting part reduces the impact force caused by the oscillating component when it abuts against the bottom wall of the water outlet cavity, thus avoiding damage to the oscillating component and / or the bottom wall.
[0025] In the tenth technical solution, the bathtub includes the water outlet of any one of the first to eighth technical solutions, and has the corresponding technical effect. Attached Figure Description
[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the water outlet in Example 1;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the water outlet in Example 1;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the main body in Example 1;
[0030] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the main body in Embodiment 1;
[0031] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the faceplate in Example 1;
[0032] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the cover in Embodiment 1;
[0033] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the swing component in Embodiment 1;
[0034] Figure 8 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the swing component in Embodiment 1;
[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the swinging component in Embodiment 1;
[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the swing component in Embodiment 1;
[0037] Figure 11 This is a magnified view of a portion of the waterfall water outlet component in the background art.
[0038] Description of main reference numerals:
[0039] Main body 1, water outlet cavity 11, water outlet channel 12, sealing groove 13, slot 14; cover 2, water outlet 21, extension arm 22, shaft hole 221, first stop inclined surface 23, second stop inclined surface 24, buckle 25, quick release port 26; swinging part 3, base 31, second abutment surface 311, extension part 32, first abutment surface 321, abutment part 322, rotating part 33, shaft protrusion 331; connecting pipe 4. Detailed Implementation
[0040] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be considered as excluding other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0041] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the use of terms such as "first," "second," or "third" in the claims, description, and drawings of this utility model is for distinguishing different objects and not for describing a specific order.
[0042] Unless otherwise expressly defined, in the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this utility model, the use of directional terms such as "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the specific scope of protection of the invention.
[0043] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "fixed connection" or "fixed connection" used in the claims, description and drawings of this utility model shall be interpreted broadly to refer to any connection in which there is no displacement or relative rotation relationship between the two parties, including non-removable fixed connection, detachable fixed connection, integral connection and fixed connection through other devices or components.
[0044] In the claims, description and accompanying drawings of this utility model, the terms "comprising", "having", and variations thereof are used to mean "including but not limited to".
[0045] Example 1
[0046] See Figure 1 , Figure 2The figure shows a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of the water outlet in this embodiment. As shown, the water outlet includes a main body 1, a cover 2, a swinging member 3, and a connecting pipe 4; the main body 1 is provided with a water outlet cavity 11, and the cover 2 is provided with a water outlet 21. The water outlet cavity 11 connects the water outlet channel 12 and the water outlet 21; one end of the connecting pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the main body 1, and the other end is connected to the water inlet pipe to connect the water inlet pipe and the water outlet channel 12; the swinging member 3 is connected to the cover 2 and is adapted to rotate relative to the cavity wall of the water outlet cavity 11. When water flows through the water outlet cavity 11, the swinging member 3 is adapted to rotate from a first position along a first direction under the action of water force and open the water outlet 21, and accumulates gravitational potential energy during the rotation process; when water does not flow through the water outlet cavity 11, the swinging member 3 releases gravitational potential energy and rotates in the opposite direction along the first direction to stop at the first position; at the first position, the swinging member 3 blocks the water outlet 21.
[0047] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 The figure shows a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of the main body 1 in this embodiment. As shown, the end of the main body 1 facing the cover 2 is provided with a water outlet cavity 11 with a trapezoidal longitudinal section. The opening of the water outlet cavity 11 faces the cover 2. The opening is rectangular and its area is larger than the area of the bottom of the cavity. A sealing groove 13 is provided around the opening to place a sealing strip to prevent water from seeping out of the water outlet cavity 11. The lower end of the bottom wall of the water outlet cavity 11 is connected to the water outlet channel 12. The bottom wall of the water outlet channel 12 extends to the lower wall of the water outlet cavity 11, forming an inclined surface that is higher inside and lower outside. Several slots 14 are provided on the upper and lower ends of the side of the main body 1 facing away from the cover 2.
[0048] See Figure 5 , Figure 6 The figure shows a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of the face cover 2 in this embodiment. As shown, the face cover 2 has an elongated water outlet 21 that corresponds to and communicates with the opening of the water outlet cavity 11. The two side walls of the water outlet 21 extend along the bottom wall of the water outlet cavity 11 to form triangular extension arms 22. The ends of the extension arms 22 are respectively provided with shaft holes 221 with openings. The shaft holes 221 are circular. In other embodiments, the shaft holes 221 can also be symmetrically arranged on the two side walls of the water outlet cavity 11. The upper and lower walls of the water outlet 21 are provided with stop slopes that are lower on the outside and higher on the inside, namely the first stop slope 23 and the second stop slope 24. In this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the face cover 2 are respectively provided with buckles 25 corresponding to the slots 14 on the side opposite to the main body 1. The buckles 25 are adapted to engage with the slots 14 to fix the face cover 2 on the main body 1. The lower end of the face cover 2 is also provided with a quick-release opening 26, which makes it easy to insert fingers to pull the face cover 2 downward and outward to separate it from the main body 1.
[0049] See Figure 7 , Figure 8The figure shows a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view of the swing member 3 in this embodiment. As shown, the swing member 3 includes a base 31, an extension 32, and a rotating part 33; the lower end of the base 31 is provided with a second abutment surface 311, which is adapted to abut against the second stop inclined surface 24; the extension 32 extends obliquely from one end of the base 31 along its length direction, and the side of the extension 32 facing the cover 2 forms a first abutment surface 321, which is adapted to abut against the first stop inclined surface 23; the end of the extension 32 forms an abutment part 322, which is adapted to abut against the bottom wall of the water outlet cavity 11. In this embodiment, the abutment part 322 is arc-shaped; the rotating part 33 extends from the base 31 in a direction perpendicular to its length direction, so that the swing member 3... The longitudinal section of the moving part 3 is F-shaped, and the rotating part 33 is suitable for human hand gripping. The two ends of the rotating part 33 along its length direction are provided with circular shaft protrusions 331, which are suitable for being inserted into the shaft hole 221 through the opening of the shaft hole 221 and rotatingly engaged with the shaft hole 221. When the swinging part 3 is in the first position, the extension part 32 and the rotating part 33 are in the water outlet cavity 11. The first abutting surface 321 abuts with the first stop inclined surface 23, and the second abutting surface 311 abuts with the second stop inclined surface 24. The outer surface of the base 31 is flush with the outer surface of the cover 2. There is a gap between the two sides of the base 31 and the inner wall of the water outlet 21 to avoid interference between the swinging part 3 and the inner wall of the water outlet 21 when it swings.
[0050] During installation, the installer can hold the rotating part 33 of the swing component 3, insert the base 31 from the back of the cover 2 into the outlet 21 of the cover 2, then align the shaft protrusion 331 with the opening of the shaft hole 221 on the extension arm 22, insert the shaft protrusion 331 into the shaft hole 221 to make the swing component 3 and the cover 2 rotate and connect; then put the sealing strip into the sealing groove 13 around the outlet cavity 11 of the main body 1; then turn the cover 2 with the swing component 3 assembled away from the main body 1, apply force to the cover 2 until the buckle 25 is engaged in the slot 14, thereby fixing the cover 2 to the main body 1; when removing, put your fingers into the quick release port 26 at the lower end of the cover 2, pull it downward and outward to make the buckle 25 disengage from the slot 14, thereby removing the cover 2 from the main body 1; then take the sealing strip out of the sealing groove 13; then hold the rotating part 33 of the swing component 3 and pull it to make the shaft protrusion 331 disengage from the shaft hole 221, thereby completing the disassembly of the swing component 3.
[0051] See Figure 9 , Figure 10The figure shows a schematic diagram of the first state and a schematic diagram of the second state of the water outlet in this embodiment. As shown, when water flows through the water outlet, the water flows down the lower wall of the water outlet chamber 11 from the water outlet channel 12. The water flow impacts the lower end of the base 31, and the water pressure pushes the swing member 3 away from the first position and rotates in the first direction. As a result, the water outlet 21 opens, the first contact surface 321 disengages from the first stop slope 23, the second contact surface 311 disengages from the second stop slope 24, and the contact part 322 approaches the bottom wall of the water outlet chamber 11. In extreme cases, when the water pressure is high enough, the contact part 322 abuts against the bottom of the water outlet chamber 11. During this rotation, the center of gravity of the swing member 3 gradually rises, and the gravitational potential energy increases accordingly. When there is no water flow through the water outlet, the water pressure on the swing member 3 disappears, the gravitational potential energy is released, and the swing member 3 rotates in the opposite direction to the first direction under the action of gravity until the swing member 3 returns to the first position. At this time, the first abutting surface 321 abuts against the first stop inclined surface 23, the second abutting surface 311 abuts against the second stop inclined surface 24, and the outer surface of the base 31 is flush with the outer surface of the cover 2. Thus, the swing member 3 covers the water outlet 21.
[0052] Compared with the prior art, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
[0053] In this embodiment, the swing member 3 rotates relative to the cavity wall of the water outlet 11. When water flows through the water outlet 11, the force of the water flow pushes the swing member 3 to rotate from the first position along the first direction. During the rotation, the swing member 3 accumulates gravitational potential energy due to the rise of its center of gravity. When water does not flow through the water outlet 11, the water pressure disappears, the gravitational potential energy is released, and the swing member 3 rotates in the opposite direction under the action of gravity, thereby stopping at the first position to cover the water outlet 21. Compared with the prior art, the swing member 3 of this application not only avoids direct viewing of the internal structure and affects the aesthetics, but also effectively prevents foreign objects or insects from entering the interior of the water dispenser through the water outlet 21 when there is no water flow, thus preventing blockage or pollution. Furthermore, since the swing member 3 is provided with a contact surface and the water outlet 21 is provided with a stop slope, the contact cooperation between the contact surface and the stop slope makes it easier for the swing member 3 to stop at the first position when there is no water flow. The contacting parts are seamlessly connected, resulting in a better covering effect for the water outlet 21.
[0054] In this embodiment, the rotation of the swing member 3 relative to the wall of the water outlet cavity 11 is achieved by the rotational engagement of the shaft protrusion 331 and the shaft hole 221, which is relatively simple in structure; moreover, the rotating part 33 is suitable for human hand gripping, which facilitates the installation of the swing member 3.
[0055] In this embodiment, the cover 2 is fixed to the main body 1 and covers the water outlet cavity 11. The cover 2 is provided with a water outlet 21. An extension arm 22 is formed on the side wall of the water outlet 21 and a shaft hole 221 is provided to facilitate mold opening. It also makes the structure of the water outlet cavity 11 simpler and facilitates the installation of the swinging part 3.
[0056] In this embodiment, since the bottom wall of the water outlet channel 12 extends to the lower wall of the water outlet cavity 11, after the water flows into the water outlet cavity 11 from the water outlet channel 12, it flows down along the lower wall of the water outlet cavity 11 and washes the lower end of the swing member 3, which makes it easier for the swing member 3 to rotate.
[0057] In this embodiment, the gap between the swing member 3 and the two side walls of the outlet 21 can prevent the swing member 3 from interfering with the side wall of the outlet 21 when it rotates.
[0058] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped contact portion 322 can reduce the impact force caused by the swing member 3 when it abuts against the bottom wall of the water outlet cavity 11, thus avoiding damage to the swing member 3 and / or the bottom wall of the water outlet cavity 11.
[0059] Example 2
[0060] In this embodiment, the bathtub includes a tub body, a water inlet pipe, and a water outlet as described in Embodiment 1. The side wall of the tub body has a mounting groove suitable for placing the water outlet, with the water outlet 21 facing the cavity of the tub body. The water inlet pipe and connecting pipe 4 are fixedly connected to communicate with the water outlet cavity 11. The cover 2 has through holes at both ends along its length, suitable for screws to pass through to fix the water outlet in the mounting groove, and when installed, the surface of the cover 2 is flush with the side wall surface of the tub body.
[0061] Compared with the prior art, the bathtub in this embodiment has corresponding beneficial effects due to the use of the water outlet in Embodiment 1.
[0062] The foregoing description of the specifications and embodiments is intended to explain the scope of protection of this utility model, but does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Modifications, equivalent substitutions, or other improvements to the embodiments of this utility model or a portion thereof that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation, based on the teachings of this utility model or the foregoing embodiments, should all be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A water dispenser, characterized in that, The water outlet includes a water outlet chamber (11) and a swing member (3). The water outlet chamber (11) connects the water outlet (21) and the water outlet channel (12) of the water outlet. The swing member (3) is adapted to rotate relative to the wall of the water outlet chamber (11). When water flows through the water outlet chamber (11), the swing member (3) is adapted to rotate from a first position along a first direction under the action of water force and open the water outlet (21), and accumulate gravitational potential energy during the rotation. When water does not flow through the water outlet chamber (11), the swing member (3) releases gravitational potential energy and rotates in the opposite direction along the first direction to stop at a first position. At the first position, the swing member (3) covers the water outlet (21).
2. A water dispenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The oscillating member (3) and the cavity wall of the water outlet cavity (11) are provided with a shaft protrusion (331) and a shaft hole (221), respectively. The shaft protrusion (331) and the shaft hole (221) are rotatably engaged so that the oscillating member (3) rotates relative to the cavity wall of the water outlet cavity (11) in a first direction and in the opposite direction of the first direction.
3. A water dispenser as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It includes a face cover (2), which is adapted to cover the opening of the water outlet cavity (11) and has the water outlet (21). The face cover (2) and the swing member (3) are provided with the shaft protrusion (331) and the other is provided with the shaft hole (221).
4. A water dispenser as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outlet (21) is a long strip, and the shaft protrusion (331) is located at both ends of the swing member (3) along its length extension direction and is opposite to each other; the opposite side walls of the outlet (21) extend along the bottom wall of the outlet cavity (11) to form two extension arms (22), and the extension arms (22) are respectively provided with the shaft hole (221).
5. A water dispenser as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The swing member (3) includes a rotating part (33), the rotating part (33) is provided with the shaft protrusion (331), and the rotating part (33) is suitable for human hand grip.
6. A water dispenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the water outlet channel (12) extends to the lower wall of the water outlet cavity (11).
7. A water dispenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the outlet (21) is provided with a stop slope at at least one end perpendicular to the rotation axis of the swing member (3), and the swing member (3) is provided with a corresponding abutment surface; the abutment surface is adapted to abut against the stop slope when the swing member (3) is in the first position.
8. A water dispenser as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The two sides of the swing member (3) adjacent to the contact surface have gaps with the two inner walls corresponding to the water outlet (21).
9. A water dispenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The swing member (3) is provided with an arc-shaped abutment part (322), which is adapted to abut against the bottom wall of the water outlet cavity (11).
10. A bathtub, characterized in that, The bathtub includes a tub body, an inlet pipe, and an outlet as described in any one of claims 1-9, the outlet being installed on the side wall of the tub body, the outlet (21) facing the cavity of the tub body, and the outlet cavity (11) communicating with the inlet pipe.