Milling clamp for milling key groove of balance shaft

Abstract

The utility model discloses a balance shaft keyway milling clamp which comprises a bottom plate, a locking device fixedly arranged on the bottom plate and a movable plate rotationally arranged on the bottom plate, the movable plate can be turned over and switched between an upturning state and a horizontal state relative to the bottom plate, and the locking device can drive the movable plate to be locked in the upturning state; a supporting structure and a pressing releasing device are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the movable plate, the supporting structure is used for supporting and positioning the balance shaft, the pressing releasing device can be switched between a pressing state and a releasing state, and when the pressing releasing device is in the pressing state, the pressing releasing device is matched with the supporting structure to lock the balance shaft; when the pressing releasing device is in a releasing state, the balance shaft can freely rotate on the supporting structure by means of the gravity of the balance shaft. The device has the advantages of being more convenient and accurate in balance shaft milling groove machining, more flexible in operation and high in machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of balance shaft machining technology, and in particular to a balance shaft keyway milling fixture. Background Technology

[0002] A single-cylinder diesel engine uses a crankshaft to drive a fixed balance shaft drive gear, which in turn drives a balance shaft timing gear mounted on the balance shaft. This allows the balance shaft to rotate synchronously with the crankshaft, reducing engine vibration. However, existing balance shafts require milling grooves for the timing gear assembly at the offset angle between their center of gravity and the plane of their axis. Existing fixtures, however, suffer from low positioning accuracy, inflexible operation, low processing efficiency, and high scrap rate during milling. Therefore, we have developed a balance shaft keyway milling fixture with high positioning accuracy and flexible operation, which improves the milling accuracy and efficiency of balance shafts. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a milling fixture for keyway milling of balance shafts, which has the advantages of making balance shaft milling more convenient and precise, more flexible in operation, and more efficient in processing.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a balance shaft keyway milling fixture, including a base plate, a locking device fixed on the base plate, and a movable plate rotatably disposed on the base plate. The movable plate can be flipped and switched between an upturned state and a flat state relative to the base plate, and the locking device can drive the movable plate to lock in the upturned state.

[0005] The movable plate has a support structure and a press-release device arranged opposite to each other on both sides. The support structure is used to support and position the balance shaft. The press-release device can switch between a press state and a release state. When the press-release device is in the press state, it cooperates with the support structure to lock the balance shaft. When the press-release device is in the release state, the balance shaft can rotate freely on the support structure by its own weight.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable plate is first kept flat relative to the base plate, and the balance shaft is placed on the support structure. The balance shaft rotates on the support structure to a natural stationary state by its own weight. Then, the press release device switches from the release state to the press state, and the press release device locks the balance shaft on the support structure. Then, the movable plate is driven to flip from the flat state to the upward state. The balance shaft flips synchronously with the movable plate at a predetermined angle. Then, the locking device locks the movable plate in the upward state, so that the balance shaft is kept in the corresponding position. At this time, the balance shaft can be milled by the processing device. This has the effects of making the milling of the balance shaft more convenient and accurate, more flexible in operation, and more efficient in processing.

[0007] A further feature of this invention is that mounting seats are fixedly provided on both sides of the base plate, and a rotating shaft is provided between the two mounting seats. The movable plate is rotatably connected to the mounting seats through the rotating shaft.

[0008] A further feature of this invention is that at least one positioning post is provided on the side of the movable plate away from the rotating shaft. When the movable plate rotates relative to the base plate to a flat position, the movable plate is supported and engaged with the base plate through the positioning post.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the addition of positioning columns allows the movable plate, which is in a flat position, to remain parallel to the base plate through the positioning columns, thereby facilitating the natural rotation of the balance shaft under the action of gravity to achieve accurate positioning.

[0010] A further feature of this invention is that the support structure includes a fixed V-shaped seat, a movable V-shaped plate, and a first elastic element. The fixed V-shaped seat is disposed on both sides of the movable plate. The fixed V-shaped seat has a vertically opening cavity. The movable V-shaped plate is raised and lowered within the cavity. The first elastic element always has a tendency to drive the movable V-shaped plate out of the cavity.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the balance shaft is placed on the support structure, both ends of the balance shaft will first contact the movable V-shaped plate, and the movable V-shaped plate will sink under the pressure of the balance shaft's gravity. During the sinking process, the balance shaft can rotate on the movable V-shaped plate by gravity. The addition of the first elastic element and the movable V-shaped plate can play a role in shock absorption and buffering of the balance shaft, and at the same time extend the effective time for the balance shaft to rotate to a natural static state by gravity.

[0012] A further feature of this invention is that an adjustment structure is provided between the fixed V-shaped seat and the movable plate, and the distance between the two fixed V-shaped seats is adjusted by the adjustment structure.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model can be adapted to clamping and fixing balance shafts of various lengths.

[0014] A further feature of this invention is that the adjustment structure includes a plurality of bolts and threaded holes, the plurality of threaded holes being spaced apart along the length of the movable plate, and the bolts engaging with the corresponding threaded holes to fix the fixed V-shaped seat onto the movable plate.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the relative distance between the two fixed V-shaped seats can be adjusted to accommodate balance shafts of different lengths and sizes for clamping and fixing.

[0016] A further feature of this invention is that: the movable plate has a guide groove along its length, a plurality of threaded holes are symmetrically opened on the movable plate and are respectively located on both sides of the guide groove, the fixed V-shaped seat extends with a guide block, and the fixed V-shaped seat is guided and engaged with the guide groove through the guide block.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the addition of the guide groove helps to ensure that the fixed V-shaped seats on both sides always maintain a high degree of concentricity with the pressing and releasing device, thereby improving the pressing and releasing effect of the pressing and releasing device on the balance shaft.

[0018] A further feature of this invention is that the pressing release device includes two rotary pressing cylinders disposed opposite to each other on the movable plate and a pressing head disposed at the output end of the corresponding rotary pressing cylinder. The pressing head of the rotary pressing cylinder is used to press and lock the balance shaft onto the support structure.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotary pressing cylinder can drive the pressing head to flip, thereby making the pressing head move closer to or away from the balance shaft.

[0020] A further feature of this invention is that the locking device includes a fixed bracket fixedly connected to the base plate and a locking assembly rotatably disposed at the end of the fixed bracket. The locking assembly includes a pressure plate and several connecting rods. One end of each connecting rod is hinged to the top of the fixed bracket, and the other end of each connecting rod is hinged to the pressure plate. The pressure plate has a crankshaft pressure tongue at one end near the connecting rod. A clamping gap is formed between the crankshaft pressure tongue and the fixed bracket. The movable plate has a clamping engagement part corresponding to the clamping gap. When the clamping engagement part passes through the clamping gap, the pressure plate rotates to lock the crankshaft pressure tongue and the clamping engagement part into a locking engagement.

[0021] A further feature of this invention is that the fixed bracket has an elastic abutment structure at one end near the connecting rod. The elastic abutment structure includes a second elastic element and an abutment element. The fixed bracket has a receiving cavity. The second elastic element always has a tendency to drive the abutment element out of the receiving cavity and abut towards the clamping gap.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the clamping mating part is inserted into the clamping gap and locked and fixed by the locking device, the second elastic element pushes the pressing element outward and abuts against one side of the clamping mating part. Through the pressing action of the crankshaft pressure tongue on the other side of the clamping mating part, the clamping mating part is firmly locked in the clamping gap, thereby improving the locking stability of the locking device on the movable plate.

[0023] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The system employs a movable plate that rotates on a base plate, with a locking device fixed to the side of the base plate. Support structures and press-release devices are positioned opposite each other on both sides of the movable plate. Before placing the balance shaft into the support structure, the movable plate is kept flat relative to the base plate, and the balance shaft is placed on the support structure. The balance shaft rotates on the support structure under its own weight until it comes to a natural stop. Then, the press-release device switches from a release state to a press state, locking the balance shaft onto the support structure. The movable plate is then driven to flip from a flat state to an upward-flipped state, with the balance shaft flipping synchronously at a predetermined angle. The locking device then locks the movable plate in the upward-flipped state, keeping the balance shaft in the corresponding position. At this point, the balance shaft can be milled using a machining device. This method offers advantages such as more convenient and precise milling of balance shafts, more flexible operation, and higher processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the movable plate of this utility model in a flat position.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention at the locking device position.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a utility model Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention at the location of the supporting structure.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a view of the movable plate of this utility model in an upward-flipped state, and the movable plate being locked by the locking device.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 11. Mounting seat; 12. Rotating shaft; 2. Movable plate; 21. Positioning post; 22. Support structure; 221. Fixed V-shaped seat; 2211. Receiving cavity; 2212. Guide block; 222. Movable V-shaped plate; 23. First elastic element; 24. Bolt; 25. Threaded hole; 26. Guide groove; 27. Clamping mating part; 3. Press release device; 31. Rotary pressing cylinder; 32. Pressing head; 4. Fixed bracket; 41. Connecting rod; 42. Pressure plate; 421. Crankshaft pressing tongue; 43. Clamping gap; 44. Receiving cavity; 441. Second elastic element; 442. Clamping element; 5. Balance shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] A keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft, such as Figure 1-2 and Figure 5As shown, the device includes a base plate 1, a locking device fixed to the base plate 1, and a movable plate 2 rotatably mounted on the base plate 1. The movable plate 2 can flip and switch between an upward-folded state and a flat state relative to the base plate 1. The locking device can drive the movable plate 2 to lock in the upward-folded state. Support structures 22 and press-release devices 3 are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the movable plate 2. The support structures 22 are used to support and position the balance shaft 5. The press-release devices 3 can switch between a press state and a release state. When the press-release devices 3 are in the press state, they cooperate with the support structures 22 to lock the balance shaft 5. When the press-release devices 3 are in the release state, the balance shaft 5 can rotate freely on the support structures 22 by its own weight. Mounting seats 11 are fixed on both sides of the base plate 1, and a rotating shaft 12 is provided between the two mounting seats 11. The movable plate 2 is connected by the rotating shaft. 12 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 11; the movable plate 2 is provided with at least one positioning post 21 on the side away from the rotating shaft 12. When the movable plate 2 rotates relative to the base plate 1 to a flat position, the movable plate 2 is supported and cooperated with the base plate 1 through the positioning post 21. The addition of the positioning post 21 enables the movable plate 2 in the flat position to remain parallel to the base plate 1 through the positioning post 21, which is conducive to the balance shaft 5 rotating naturally under the action of gravity to achieve accurate positioning; the pressing release device 3 includes two rotary pressing cylinders 31 arranged opposite to each other on the movable plate 2 and a pressing head 32 arranged at the output end of the corresponding rotary pressing cylinder 31. The pressing head 32 of the rotary pressing cylinder 31 is used to press and lock the balance shaft 5 on the support structure 22. The rotary pressing cylinder 31 can drive the pressing head 32 to flip, so that the pressing head 32 moves closer to or away from the balance shaft 5.

[0033] like Figure 1-4As shown, the support structure 22 includes a fixed V-shaped seat 221, a movable V-shaped plate 222, and a first elastic member 23. The fixed V-shaped seat 221 is disposed on both sides of the movable plate 2, and the fixed V-shaped seat 221 has a vertically formed receiving cavity 2211. The movable V-shaped plate 222 is raised and lowered within the receiving cavity 2211. The first elastic member 23 always has a tendency to drive the movable V-shaped plate 222 to extend out of the receiving cavity 2211. In this embodiment, the V-shaped angle of the movable V-shaped plate 222 is smaller than the V-shaped angle of the fixed V-shaped seat 221. When the balance shaft 5 is placed on the support structure 22, both ends of the balance shaft 5 preferentially contact the movable V-shaped plate 222, and the movable V-shaped plate 222 sinks due to the gravity of the balance shaft 5. During the sinking process, the balance shaft 5 can rotate on the movable V-shaped plate 222 by gravity. The addition of the first elastic element 23 and the movable V-shaped plate 222 can play a role in shock absorption and buffering for the balance shaft 5, and at the same time extend the effective time for the balance shaft 5 to rotate to a natural static state by gravity. A space is provided between the fixed V-shaped seat 221 and the movable plate 2. The device includes an adjustment structure to adjust the distance between the two fixed V-shaped seats 221, allowing it to accommodate balance shafts 5 of varying lengths. The adjustment structure comprises several bolts 24 and threaded holes 25. The threaded holes 25 are spaced apart along the length of the movable plate 2. The bolts 24 engage with the corresponding threaded holes 25 to secure the fixed V-shaped seats 221 to the movable plate 2. By adjusting the relative distance between the two fixed V-shaped seats 221, it can accommodate balance shafts 5 of different lengths. The movable plate 2 has a guide groove 26 along its length. Several threaded holes 25 are symmetrically arranged on the movable plate 2 and located on both sides of the guide groove 26. The fixed V-shaped seats 221 extend with guide blocks 2212, which guide the fixed V-shaped seats 221 to the guide groove 26. The addition of the guide groove 26 helps maintain a high degree of concentricity between the two fixed V-shaped seats 221 and the pressing and releasing device 3, improving the pressing and releasing effect of the pressing and releasing device 3 on the balance shaft 5.

[0034] like Figure 1-5As shown, the locking device includes a fixed bracket 4 fixedly connected to the base plate 1 and a locking assembly rotatably disposed at the end of the fixed bracket 4. The locking assembly includes a pressure plate 42 and several connecting rods 41. One end of the connecting rod 41 is hinged to the top of the fixed bracket 4, and the other end of the connecting rod 41 is hinged to the pressure plate 42. The pressure plate 42 is provided with a crankshaft pressure tongue 421 at the end near the connecting rod 41. A clamping gap 43 is formed between the crankshaft pressure tongue 421 and the fixed bracket 4. The movable plate 2 is provided with a clamping engagement part 27 corresponding to the clamping gap 43. When the clamping engagement part 27 passes through the clamping gap 43, the pressure plate 42 rotates to cause the crankshaft pressure tongue 421 to lock into the clamping engagement part 27. The fixed bracket 4 is located near the connecting rod 41. One end is provided with an elastic clamping structure, which includes a second elastic element 441 and a clamping element 442. The fixed bracket 4 is provided with a receiving cavity 44. The second elastic element 441 always has a tendency to drive the clamping element 442 out of the receiving cavity 44 and push it out toward the clamping gap 43. When the clamping mating part 27 falls into the clamping gap 43 and is locked and fixed by the locking device, the second elastic element 441 pushes the clamping element 442 outward and abuts against one side of the clamping mating part 27. Through the clamping action of the crankshaft pressure tongue 421 on the other side of the clamping mating part 27, the clamping mating part 27 is firmly locked in the clamping gap 43, thereby improving the locking stability of the locking device on the movable plate 2.

[0035] The basic working principle of this utility model is as follows: A movable plate 2 is rotatably mounted on a base plate 1. A locking device is fixedly mounted on the side of the base plate 1. A support structure 22 and a press-release device 3 are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the movable plate 2. Before the balance shaft 5 is placed into the support structure 22, the movable plate 2 is kept in a flat position relative to the base plate 1, and the balance shaft 5 is placed on the support structure 22. The balance shaft 5 rotates on the support structure 22 to a natural stationary state due to its own weight. Then, the press-release device 3 switches from the release state to the press state, and the balance shaft 5 is locked on the support structure 22 using the press-release device 3. Then, the movable plate 2 is driven to flip from the flat position to the upward position. The balance shaft 5 flips synchronously with the movable plate 2 at a predetermined angle. Then, the locking device is used to lock the movable plate 2 in the upward position, so that the balance shaft 5 is kept in the corresponding position. At this time, the balance shaft 5 can be milled using a processing device. This has the effects of making the milling of the balance shaft more convenient and accurate, more flexible in operation, and more efficient in processing.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present utility model patent application are included in the scope of the present utility model patent application.

Claims

1. A milling fixture for keyway milling of a balance shaft, characterized in that: It includes a base plate (1), a locking device fixed on the base plate (1), and a movable plate (2) rotatably disposed on the base plate (1). The movable plate (2) can flip and switch between an upturned state and a flat state relative to the base plate (1). The locking device can drive the movable plate (2) to lock in the upturned state. The movable plate (2) is provided with a support structure (22) and a press-release device (3) on both sides. The support structure (22) is used to support and position the balance shaft (5). The press-release device (3) can switch between a pressing state and a releasing state. When the press-release device (3) is in the pressing state, the press-release device (3) cooperates with the support structure (22) to lock the balance shaft (5). When the press-release device (3) is in the releasing state, the balance shaft (5) can rotate freely on the support structure (22) by its own weight.

2. The keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mounting seats (11) are fixed on both sides of the base plate (1), and a rotating shaft (12) is provided between the mounting seats (11) on both sides. The movable plate (2) is rotatably connected to the mounting seats (11) through the rotating shaft (12).

3. A keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable plate (2) is provided with at least one positioning post (21) on the side away from the rotating shaft (12). When the movable plate (2) rotates relative to the base plate (1) to a flat position, the movable plate (2) is supported and cooperated with the base plate (1) through the positioning post (21).

4. A keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure (22) includes a fixed V-shaped seat (221), a movable V-shaped plate (222), and a first elastic element (23). The fixed V-shaped seat (221) is disposed on both sides of the movable plate (2). The fixed V-shaped seat (221) has a vertically opened receiving cavity (2211). The movable V-shaped plate (222) is raised and lowered in the receiving cavity (2211). The first elastic element (23) always has a tendency to drive the movable V-shaped plate (222) to extend out of the receiving cavity (2211).

5. A keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: An adjustment structure is provided between the fixed V-shaped seat (221) and the movable plate (2) to adjust the distance between the two fixed V-shaped seats (221) on both sides.

6. A keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment structure includes a plurality of bolts (24) and threaded holes (25). The plurality of threaded holes (25) are spaced apart along the length of the movable plate (2). The bolts (24) are threadedly engaged with the corresponding threaded holes (25) to fix the fixed V-shaped seat (221) onto the movable plate (2).

7. A keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable plate (2) has a guide groove (26) along its length. A plurality of threaded holes (25) are symmetrically opened on the movable plate (2) and are located on both sides of the guide groove (26). The fixed V-shaped seat (221) extends with a guide block (2212). The fixed V-shaped seat (221) is guided and engaged with the guide groove (26) through the guide block (2212).

8. A keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The press release device (3) includes two rotary press cylinders (31) disposed opposite to each other on the movable plate (2) and a press head (32) disposed at the output end of the corresponding rotary press cylinder (31). The press head (32) of the rotary press cylinder (31) is used to press and lock the balance shaft (5) on the support structure (22).

9. A keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device includes a fixed bracket (4) fixedly connected to the base plate (1) and a locking assembly rotatably disposed at the end of the fixed bracket (4). The locking assembly includes a pressure plate (42) and several connecting rods (41). One end of the connecting rod (41) is hinged to the top of the fixed bracket (4), and the other end of the connecting rod (41) is hinged to the pressure plate (42). The pressure plate (42) has a crankshaft pressure tongue (421) at one end near the connecting rod (41). A clamping gap (43) is formed between the crankshaft pressure tongue (421) and the fixed bracket (4). The movable plate (2) has a clamping engagement part (27) corresponding to the clamping gap (43). When the clamping engagement part (27) passes through the clamping gap (43), the pressure plate (42) rotates to cause the crankshaft pressure tongue (421) to lock into the clamping engagement part (27).

10. A keyway milling fixture for a balance shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixed bracket (4) has an elastic clamping structure at one end near the connecting rod (41). The elastic clamping structure includes a second elastic element (441) and a clamping element (442). The fixed bracket (4) has a receiving cavity (44). The second elastic element (441) always has a tendency to drive the clamping element (442) to extend out of the receiving cavity (44) and push against the clamping gap (43).

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