Anti-seismic graded energy-absorbing anchor rod

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-seismic graded energy-absorbing anchor rod which comprises a hollow anchor rod unit main shaft, a reverse anchor adding structure, an energy-absorbing spring, a hollow grouting pipeline and the like. The movable anchoring steel bodies and the limiting stoppers jointly form a reverse anchor increasing structure, the movable anchoring steel bodies are distributed on the outer side of a main shaft of the hollow anchor rod unit, and the limiting stoppers are distributed on the outer side of the hollow grouting pipeline; main shafts of the hollow anchor rod units are connected in a grading mode through energy absorption springs. The butterfly nut is arranged at the end of the hollow grouting pipeline in a sleeving mode. After the anchor rod extends into a drill hole, pressurized grouting is conducted on the interior of the anchor rod, the movable anchoring steel body is promoted to be opened and tightly attached to the hole wall through the pressure effect of slurry, and after the slurry is solidified, the reverse anchor adding structure, the hollow anchor rod unit main shaft and the energy absorption spring form a composite anchoring structure. The grouting anchor rod overcomes the application defects of an existing grouting anchor rod through the energy absorption of the spring and the mechanical occlusion effect of the steel body, and has the advantages of anchor withdrawing prevention, shock absorption, energy absorption, good anchoring effect and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of support anchor technology, specifically to a seismic graded energy-absorbing anchor. Background Technology

[0002] Rock bolt support is widely used in mining, transportation, water conservancy, municipal engineering, and other underground engineering fields to significantly improve the overall strength of rock and soil masses and maintain their stability. With the development of deep resource mining and highway transportation engineering, the stress environment of various rock masses is becoming increasingly complex. Rock and soil problems involving underground engineering and slope engineering urgently need to be solved, such as rock bursts in hard rock and large deformations in soft rock in deep surrounding rock, and landslides and collapses in slope engineering.

[0003] Grouting anchors not only provide rapid initial support in practical engineering, effectively controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock, but also integrate the anchor and grouting pipe, avoiding the grout loss issues common with traditional grouting pipes. The grout bonds the anchor to the surrounding rock, forming a full-length bonded anchoring system after the grout solidifies, resulting in better overall performance. However, under dynamic loads, excessive deformation of the anchor can negatively impact the stability of the soil and rock mass. This necessitates new anchors that possess both excellent energy dissipation capabilities and controllable deformation to effectively prevent excessive deformation and slope instability. Furthermore, the limited recovery of anchor deformation after the external load disappears makes it difficult for the anchor to maintain good seismic resistance after repeated dynamic loads, hindering long-term support of the slope's soil and rock mass.

[0004] In view of the energy dissipation disadvantages and failure characteristics of ordinary anchor bolts, this utility model is based on the design concept of a new type of energy dissipation and seismic anchor bolt with a self-resetting structure, and designs a seismic graded energy absorption anchor bolt. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This utility model provides a graded seismic energy-absorbing anchor rod to solve the shortcomings of traditional anchor rods, such as limited deformation recovery after the power dissipates. This utility model proposes a graded seismic energy-absorbing anchor rod to achieve the functions of energy absorption under load and deformation recovery after the load disappears.

[0006] This utility model includes: a grout stop cover, a wing nut, a pressure-bearing steel plate, a limiter, a movable anchoring steel body, an energy-absorbing spring, a hollow grouting pipe, an anchor end cone, a hollow anchor unit main shaft, a movable hinge support A, and a movable hinge support B.

[0007] The movable anchoring steel body and the limiter together form a reverse anchoring structure. The movable anchoring steel body is distributed on the outside of the hollow anchor unit main shaft and connected to the hollow anchor unit main shaft through movable hinge support A. The limiter is distributed on the outside of the hollow grouting pipe and connected to the hollow grouting pipe through movable hinge support B. The wing nut and the pressure-bearing steel plate are sleeved on the end of the hollow grouting pipe for fastening connection. The hollow anchor unit main shafts are connected by energy-absorbing springs. The hollow grouting pipe passes through the hollow anchor unit main shaft and the energy-absorbing spring and is connected to the anchor end cone.

[0008] The grout stop cover, wing nut, pressure-bearing steel plate, limiter, movable anchor steel body, energy-absorbing spring, hollow grouting pipe, anchor end cone, hollow anchor unit main shaft, movable hinge support A, and movable hinge support B are all cast from high-strength steel.

[0009] The hollow anchor unit spindle and the energy-absorbing spring are cast as one piece during casting. The hollow grouting pipe and the anchor end cone are cast as one piece. The limiter and the hollow grouting pipe are connected by a movable hinge support B during casting to form a hinged movable structure. The movable anchoring steel body and the hollow anchor unit spindle are connected by a movable hinge support A to form a hinged movable structure.

[0010] Rotating the wing nut secures the anchor bolt. Once the anchor bolt is stable, pressurized grouting begins. The grout pressure drives the limiter downwards, causing the movable anchoring steel body to open and fit tightly against the borehole wall. After grouting is complete, a grout stop cap seals the hollow grouting pipe. After the grout solidifies, the reverse anchoring structure formed by the movable anchoring steel body and the limiter, the hollow anchor bolt unit, and the energy-absorbing spring form a composite anchoring structure, integrating with the radially anchored rock mass.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The entire device has a simple structure, which facilitates the work during anchoring. At the same time, the work difficulty is low, the workload of the staff is small, and the work cost is saved; 2. The anchor rod as a whole dissipates the impact energy through the elongation or compression deformation of the energy-absorbing spring. After the load disappears, the spring will rebound under its own elastic force, thereby achieving the effect of self-recovery of the anchor rod deformation; 3. The anchor rod as a whole contacts the hole wall through the anchoring steel body and restrains the radial movement of the rock mass. Compared with traditional anchor rods, it is more stable. After the grout solidifies, the anchor rod as a whole forms a composite structure with the radial rock mass, which greatly enhances the bearing capacity of the rock mass itself, increases the anchoring force, and makes the anchor rod less prone to anchoring failure. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anchor bolt.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Grout stop cover; 2. Wing nut; 3. Pressure bearing steel plate; 4. Limiter; 5. Movable anchoring steel body; 6. Energy-absorbing spring; 7. Hollow grouting pipe; 8. Anchor end cone; 9. Hollow anchor unit spindle; 101. Movable hinge support A; 102. Movable hinge support B. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will now be described in further detail and clearly with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the implementation of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model relates to seismic graded energy-absorbing anchor rods, including a grout stop cover (1), a wing nut (2), a pressure-bearing steel plate (3), a limiter (4), a movable anchoring steel body (5), an energy-absorbing spring (6), a hollow grouting pipe (7), an anchor end cone (8), a hollow anchor rod unit main shaft (9), a movable hinge support A (101), and a movable hinge support B (102).

[0016] The movable anchoring steel body (5) and the limiter (4) together form a reverse anchoring structure. The movable anchoring steel body (5) is distributed on the outside of the hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) and is connected to the hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) through the movable hinge support A (101). The limiter (4) is distributed on the outside of the hollow grouting pipe (7) and is connected to the hollow grouting pipe (7) through the movable hinge support B (102). The butterfly nut (2) and the pressure-bearing steel plate (3) are sleeved on the end of the hollow grouting pipe (7) for fastening connection. The hollow anchor unit main shafts (9) are connected by energy-absorbing springs (6). The hollow grouting pipe (7) passes through the hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) and the energy-absorbing springs (6) and is connected to the anchor end cone (8).

[0017] The grout stop cover (1), butterfly nut (2), pressure-bearing steel plate (3), limiter (4), movable anchor steel body (5), energy-absorbing spring (6), hollow grouting pipe (7), anchor end cone (8), hollow anchor unit main shaft (9), movable hinge support A (101), and movable hinge support B (102) are all made of high-strength steel.

[0018] The hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) and the energy-absorbing spring (6) are cast as one piece during casting. The hollow grouting pipe (7) and the anchor end cone (8) are cast as one piece. The limiter (4) and the hollow grouting pipe (7) are connected by the movable hinge support B (102) during casting to form a hinge structure. The movable anchoring steel body (5) and the hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) are connected by the movable hinge support A (101) to form a hinge structure.

[0019] The anchor rod is placed into the borehole as a whole, and the wing nut (2) is rotated to fix the anchor rod as a whole. After the anchor rod is stable, pressurized grouting begins. The grout pressure drives the limiter (4) to move downward, causing the movable anchoring steel body (5) to open and fit tightly against the borehole wall. After grouting is completed, the hollow grouting pipe (7) is sealed with the grout stop cap (1). After the grout solidifies, the reverse anchoring structure formed by the movable anchoring steel body (5) and the limiter (4), the hollow anchor rod unit main shaft (9), and the energy-absorbing spring (6) form a composite anchoring structure, which is integrated with the radially anchored rock mass.

[0020] The above describes an embodiment of a seismic graded energy-absorbing anchor provided by this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiment without departing from the principle and spirit of this utility model. All such adjustments should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A seismic-resistant graded energy-absorbing anchor bolt, characterized in that: The structure includes a grout stop cap (1), a wing nut (2), a pressure-bearing steel plate (3), a limiter (4), a movable anchoring steel body (5), an energy-absorbing spring (6), a hollow grouting pipe (7), an anchor end cone (8), a hollow anchor unit main shaft (9), a movable hinge support A (101), and a movable hinge support B (102). The movable anchoring steel body (5) and the limiter (4) together form a reverse anchoring structure. The movable anchoring steel body (5) is located outside the hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) and is connected to the hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) through the movable hinge support A (101). The limiter (4) is located outside the hollow grouting pipe (7). The hollow grouting pipe (7) is connected to the movable hinge support B (102); the butterfly nut (2) and the pressure-bearing steel plate (3) are sleeved on the end of the hollow grouting pipe (7) for fastening connection; the hollow anchor unit main shafts (9) are connected by energy-absorbing springs (6); the hollow grouting pipe (7) passes through the hollow anchor unit main shafts (9) and energy-absorbing springs (6) and is connected to the anchor end cone (8).

2. The seismic graded energy-absorbing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grout stop cover (1), butterfly nut (2), pressure-bearing steel plate (3), limiter (4), movable anchor steel body (5), energy-absorbing spring (6), hollow grouting pipe (7), anchor end cone (8), hollow anchor unit main shaft (9), movable hinge support A (101), and movable hinge support B (102) are all made of high-strength steel.

3. The seismic graded energy-absorbing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) and the energy-absorbing spring (6) are cast as one piece during casting. The hollow grouting pipe (7) and the anchor end cone (8) are cast as one piece. The limiter (4) and the hollow grouting pipe (7) are connected by the movable hinge support B (102) during casting to form a hinge structure. The movable anchoring steel body (5) and the hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) are connected by the movable hinge support A (101) to form a hinge structure.

4. The seismic graded energy-absorbing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: Place the anchor rod into the borehole as a whole, rotate the wing nut (2) to fix the anchor rod as a whole, and start pressurizing grouting after the anchor rod is stable. The grout pressure drives the limiter (4) to move downward, causing the movable anchor steel body (5) to open and fit tightly against the borehole wall. After the grouting is completed, use the grout stop cover (1) to seal the hollow grouting pipe (7).

5. The seismic graded energy-absorbing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the grout solidifies, the reverse anchoring structure formed by the movable anchoring steel body (5) and the limiter (4), the hollow anchor unit main shaft (9) and the energy-absorbing spring (6) form a composite anchoring structure, which is integrated with the radially anchored rock mass.

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