Battery box body, battery and power utilization device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery box body, a battery and a power utilization device. And a heat dissipation system is arranged in the battery box body. The heat dissipation system comprises a pressure relief device and a fire extinguishing device. The pressure relief device comprises an exhaust channel and a pressure relief valve, an air inlet of the exhaust channel is formed in the battery box body, and an air outlet of the exhaust channel is communicated with the pressure relief valve. The exhaust channel is used for conveying high-temperature gas to the pressure release valve. And the pressure release valve is used for discharging high-temperature gas in the battery box body. The fire extinguishing device is provided with a containing cavity, and a fire extinguishing medium is stored in the containing cavity. The containing cavity communicates with the exhaust channel, so that the fire extinguishing medium can enter the exhaust channel. According to the pressure relief device, the battery with thermal runaway can be timely cooled and exhausted, so that the safety of the power utilization device is ensured. And a fire extinguishing medium in the fire extinguishing device enters the exhaust channel and extinguishes flames in the exhaust channel, so that the flames are prevented from being exhausted out of the battery box body to cause heat diffusion, the risk of battery damage is reduced, and the safety of the electric device is further ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery housing, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] The batteries used to power new energy vehicles on the market are generally ternary lithium batteries or lithium iron phosphate batteries. Ternary lithium batteries have higher energy density and significant advantages in long-distance driving range and fast charging.

[0003] In related technologies, ternary lithium batteries have highly reactive materials, making them prone to thermal runaway. Thermal runaway can cause internal short circuits, leading to violent reactions within the battery, generating large amounts of high-temperature gas that ignites flammable materials, thus damaging the battery and severely impacting the safety of electrical devices. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery housing, a battery, and an electrical device that can promptly dissipate heat, vent air, and extinguish fire when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery, reducing the probability of battery damage due to high temperature and flame, extending battery life, and improving the safety of the electrical device.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery casing with a heat dissipation system. The heat dissipation system includes a pressure relief device and a fire extinguishing device. The pressure relief device includes an exhaust passage and a pressure relief valve. The inlet of the exhaust passage is located inside the battery casing, and the outlet of the exhaust passage is connected to the pressure relief valve. The exhaust passage is used to supply high-temperature gas to the pressure relief valve. The pressure relief valve is used to discharge the high-temperature gas from inside the battery casing. The fire extinguishing device has a receiving cavity containing a fire extinguishing medium. The receiving cavity is connected to the exhaust passage, allowing the fire extinguishing medium to enter the exhaust passage.

[0006] The cooling system provided in the first aspect includes a pressure relief device and a fire extinguishing device within the battery casing. The pressure relief device, with its venting channel and valve, discharges high-temperature gases from the battery casing to the outside, allowing for timely cooling and venting of the battery in the event of thermal runaway, thus ensuring the safety of the electrical device. The fire extinguishing device's containment chamber is connected to the venting channel, allowing the extinguishing medium to enter and extinguish any flames within the channel. This prevents flames from escaping the battery casing and causing heat diffusion, reducing the risk of battery damage, extending battery life, and further ensuring the safety of the electrical device.

[0007] In one possible design, a filter screen is installed at the air inlet of the exhaust channel.

[0008] Based on the description of the above embodiments, a filter screen is installed at the air inlet of the exhaust channel to prevent large-diameter flammable materials from clogging the exhaust channel, so that the high-temperature gas in the exhaust channel can be discharged smoothly, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the heat dissipation system and ensuring the safety of the electrical device.

[0009] In one possible design, the fire extinguishing device also includes an automatic start-stop mechanism. This mechanism controls the connection and disconnection between the fire extinguishing device and the exhaust channel based on the flow rate of high-temperature gas within the exhaust channel.

[0010] Based on the description of the above embodiments, the automatic start-stop structure in the fire extinguishing device controls the connection and disconnection between the fire extinguishing device and the exhaust channel, extending the service life of the fire extinguishing device, thereby enabling the heat dissipation system to extinguish fires multiple times, thus ensuring the long-term safety of electrical equipment, and reducing the production costs caused by replacing fire extinguishing media or fire extinguishing devices.

[0011] In one possible design, the exhaust passage includes a first pipe, a second pipe, and a third pipe. The inner diameters of the first and third pipes are larger than the inner diameter of the second pipe. The second pipe connects between the first and third pipes. The first, second, and third pipes are interconnected. The fire extinguishing device is connected to the second pipe.

[0012] The automatic start-stop mechanism includes a piston and a spring. The piston seals between the fire extinguishing device and the second pipeline to prevent the extinguishing medium from entering the exhaust passage through the second pipeline. The spring is disposed within the housing cavity of the fire extinguishing device, with one end connected to the piston and the other end connected to the bottom of the housing cavity.

[0013] Based on the description of the above embodiments, a second pipeline is connected between the fire extinguishing device and the exhaust channel. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the negative pressure environment in the second pipeline generates suction on the piston in the fire extinguishing device. The piston moves to a preset position, allowing the extinguishing medium to enter the exhaust channel through the flow channel for fire extinguishing, thus achieving automatic connection between the fire extinguishing device and the exhaust channel. Furthermore, after the battery's thermal runaway ends, a spring connected to the bottom of the fire extinguishing device moves the piston back to its initial position, preventing the extinguishing medium from entering the exhaust channel, thus achieving automatic disconnection between the fire extinguishing device and the exhaust channel.

[0014] In one possible design, the filter screen is detachably connected to the exhaust channel.

[0015] Based on the description of the above embodiments, the connection between the filter screen and the exhaust channel is a detachable connection, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the filter screen, enables the heat dissipation system to operate continuously and normally, and thus ensures the long-term safety of the electrical device.

[0016] In one possible design, the fire extinguishing device is connected to the exhaust channel in a detachable manner.

[0017] Based on the description of the above embodiments, the connection between the fire extinguishing device and the exhaust channel is a detachable connection, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the fire extinguishing device, so as to ensure the stability of the fire extinguishing effect of the heat dissipation system and thus ensure the long-term safety of the electrical equipment.

[0018] In one possible design, the battery housing also includes other functional components. These other functional components are located at the first end of the battery housing. The cooling system is located at the second end of the battery housing. The first and second ends are opposite to each other.

[0019] Based on the description of the above embodiments, the other functional components and the heat dissipation system are respectively arranged at the first end and the second end of the battery box, so that the heat dissipation system is far away from the other functional components, avoiding the high temperature gas and flame in the heat dissipation system from affecting the normal function of the other functional components, ensuring the normal use of the battery, reducing the safety hazards of the battery, and further improving the safety of the battery and the electrical device.

[0020] In one possible design, the cooling system includes multiple exhaust channels, each connected to a fire extinguishing device.

[0021] Based on the description of the above embodiments, multiple exhaust channels increase the heat dissipation system's capacity to hold high-temperature gases, ensuring that the large amount of high-temperature gases generated during severe thermal runaway of the battery can be dissipated in a timely and effective manner. Furthermore, each exhaust channel is connected to a fire extinguishing device, enabling the timely and effective extinguishing of any flames carried in the high-temperature gases.

[0022] Secondly, this application provides a battery, including a battery module and a battery housing as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery module is disposed within the battery housing. The battery housing serves to protect the battery module and provide installation space for the battery module.

[0023] Thirdly, this application provides an electrical device including the battery described in the above embodiments. The battery is used to provide electrical energy.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the battery provided in the second aspect and the power supply device provided in the third aspect are the same as those of the first aspect and the various possible embodiments of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the battery from another perspective, representing an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery box structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 An enlarged view of section A.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation device when it is turned on, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation device in an embodiment of this application when it is turned off.

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A magnified view of section B.

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A magnified view of section C.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 100-battery;

[0036] 1-Battery housing;

[0037] 11-Pressure relief device; 111-Exhaust passage; 1111-First pipeline; 1112-Second pipeline; 1113-Third pipeline; 111a-Inlet; 111b-Outlet; 112-Pressure relief valve; 113-Fixing clamp;

[0038] 12-Fire extinguishing device; 121-Receiving cavity; 122-Piston; 1221-Flow channel; 1222-Block; 123-Spring;

[0039] 13-Positive and negative high-voltage connectors; 14-Maintenance switch; 15-Inlet and outlet water ports;

[0040] 2-Battery module. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0043] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are intended to cover without excluding other meanings. The words "a" or "an" do not exclude the presence of multiples.

[0044] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein are combined with other embodiments.

[0045] In this article, the term "and / or" simply describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that there are three possible relationships. For example, A and / or B means: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0046] The directional terms appearing in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of this application. For example, in the description of this application, terms such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0047] Furthermore, the descriptions of directions such as the X direction, Y direction, and Z direction used to explain the operation and construction of the components in this embodiment are not absolute but relative. Although these directions are appropriate when the components are in the positions shown in the figure, they should be interpreted differently when these positions change to correspond to the changes.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application or in the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order, and explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0049] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more (including two groups).

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, in mechanical structures, "connection" or "linkage" refers to a physical connection, such as a fixed connection, for example, a connection fixed by fasteners, such as a connection fixed by screws, bolts, or other fasteners; a physical connection can also be a detachable connection, such as a snap-fit ​​or interlocking connection; a physical connection can also be an integral connection, such as a connection formed by welding, bonding, or integral molding. In circuit structures, "connection" or "linkage" refers not only to a physical connection but also to an electrical or signal connection. For example, it can be a direct connection, i.e., a physical connection, or an indirect connection through at least one intermediate component, as long as the circuit is connected, or a connection within two components; a signal connection can refer to a signal connection through a circuit or through a medium, such as radio waves. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application should be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] An electrical appliance is an electrical device that uses electrical energy to perform a specific function. Electrical appliances include, but are not limited to, electric bicycles, electric passenger vehicles, electric commercial vehicles, electric heavy trucks, etc. All of these devices are powered by batteries to meet their respective power needs.

[0052] Batteries used in the aforementioned electrical devices on the market include, but are not limited to, ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries.

[0053] Among them, ternary lithium batteries have high energy density and significant advantages in long-distance driving range and high-speed charging.

[0054] In related technologies, ternary lithium batteries have highly reactive materials, making them prone to thermal runaway. Thermal runaway can cause internal short circuits, leading to violent reactions within the battery, generating large amounts of high-temperature gas that ignites flammable materials, thus damaging the battery and severely impacting the safety of electrical devices.

[0055] Based on this, this application provides a battery housing, a battery, and an electrical device. By incorporating a heat dissipation system with a pressure relief device and a fire extinguishing device within the battery housing, timely heat dissipation, venting, and fire extinguishing occur when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery, reducing the probability of battery damage due to high temperature and flames, extending battery life, and improving the safety of the electrical device. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 1-8 Please provide a detailed explanation.

[0056] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery housing 1, which includes a heat dissipation system. The heat dissipation system includes a pressure relief device 11 and a fire extinguishing device 12. The pressure relief device 11 includes an exhaust passage 111 and a pressure relief valve 112. The inlet 111a of the exhaust passage 111 is located inside the battery housing 1, and the outlet 111b of the exhaust passage 111 is connected to the pressure relief valve 112. The exhaust passage 111 is used to supply high-temperature gas to the pressure relief valve 112. The pressure relief valve 112 is used to discharge the high-temperature gas from inside the battery housing 1. The fire extinguishing device 12 has a receiving cavity 121, which stores a fire extinguishing medium (not shown in the figure). The receiving cavity 121 is connected to the exhaust passage 111, allowing the fire extinguishing medium to enter the exhaust passage 111.

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery housing 1 includes a shell structure and integrated components disposed inside the shell structure. The shell structure protects the battery module 2 housed within the battery housing 1 from external impacts and damage. The integrated components include a heat dissipation system, positive and negative high-voltage connectors 13, a maintenance switch 14, and a cooling plate assembly, enabling the battery 100 to perform normal charging and discharging functions and maintain high safety.

[0058] The heat dissipation system is a crucial functional component for ensuring the safety of the battery 100, preventing risks arising from thermal runaway within the battery 100. Specifically, in the event of thermal runaway, a series of chemical reactions occur inside the battery 100, generating a large amount of high-temperature gas. The accumulation of this high-temperature gas inside the battery 100 can lead to an explosion if the gas pressure exceeds the structural limits of the casing, potentially causing injury to nearby people and objects. Simultaneously, the high temperatures generated by thermal runaway can ignite surrounding flammable materials, causing a fire.

[0059] like Figure 3As shown, the heat dissipation system includes a pressure relief device 11 and a fire extinguishing device 12. When the battery 100 experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of high-temperature gas will be generated inside the battery casing 1. The pressure relief device 11 is used to discharge the high-temperature gas generated inside the battery casing 1 to the outside of the battery casing 1. Therefore, the pressure relief device 11 includes an exhaust channel 111 and a pressure relief valve 112. The air inlet 111a of the exhaust channel 111 is located inside the battery casing 1. Specifically, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the air inlet 111a of the exhaust channel 111 can be fixed to the housing structure by the fixing clip 113. The air outlet 111b of the exhaust outlet is connected to the pressure relief valve 112. The pressure relief valve 112 is installed on the housing structure. High-temperature gas enters the exhaust channel 111 from the air inlet 111a, then enters the pressure relief valve 112 from the air outlet 111b, and finally exits the battery box 1 through the pressure relief valve 112, thereby achieving heat dissipation and exhaust of the battery 100 and ensuring the safety of the electrical device.

[0060] Furthermore, the exhaust passage 111 acts as a guide, increasing the flow distance of combustibles and reducing the risk of flames being expelled from the pressure relief valve 112. The pressure relief valve 112 includes a perforated structure formed in the housing structure for communicating between the interior and exterior of the battery housing 1.

[0061] Furthermore, when the battery 100 experiences thermal runaway, the combustibles inside the battery casing 1 burn and generate flames. The flames are discharged along with the high-temperature gas through the pressure relief device 11, thereby causing thermal diffusion outside the battery 100 casing.

[0062] Based on this, the heat dissipation system also includes a fire extinguishing device 12. The fire extinguishing device 12 has a receiving cavity 121, which stores a fire extinguishing medium. The fire extinguishing medium is used to extinguish flames generated inside the battery casing 1. The fire extinguishing medium includes, but is not limited to, fire extinguishing agents suitable for battery 100 fires, such as F-500 microcapsule fire extinguishing agent, heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), and perfluorohexanone (NOVEC 1230).

[0063] Specifically, the receiving cavity 121 is connected to the exhaust channel 111, allowing the extinguishing medium to enter the exhaust channel 111, thereby extinguishing the flame in the exhaust channel 111, preventing the flame from being discharged through the pressure relief device 11, preventing heat diffusion outside the battery 100 box, reducing the risk of the battery 100 being damaged by high temperature flames, extending the life of the battery 100, and further ensuring the safety of the electrical device.

[0064] In summary, the heat dissipation system installed in the battery housing 1 includes a pressure relief device 11 and a fire extinguishing device 12. The pressure relief device 11, with its exhaust channel 111 and pressure relief valve 112, discharges high-temperature gases from the battery housing 1 to the outside, allowing the battery 100 experiencing thermal runaway to dissipate heat and vent gas in a timely manner, thus ensuring the safety of the electrical device. The fire extinguishing device 12, with its receiving cavity 121 connected to the exhaust channel 111, allows the extinguishing medium in the fire extinguishing device 12 to enter the exhaust channel 111 and extinguish the flame within it. This prevents the flame from escaping to the outside of the battery housing 1 and causing heat diffusion, reducing the risk of battery 100 damage, extending the battery 100's lifespan, and further ensuring the safety of the electrical device.

[0065] Furthermore, considering the rationality of the installation of other components within the battery housing 1 and for enhanced safety, this application further specifies the installation location of the heat dissipation system within the battery housing 1:

[0066] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery housing 1 also includes other functional components. These other functional components are located at the first end of the battery housing 1. A heat dissipation system is located at the second end of the battery housing 1. The first end and the second end are opposite to each other.

[0067] Other functional components include positive and negative high-voltage connectors 13, maintenance switches 14, and cold plate assemblies.

[0068] The positive and negative high-voltage connectors are used to connect the positive and negative terminals of the battery 100 and to other high-voltage electrical system components of the electrical device. To facilitate connection to these components, the positive and negative high-voltage connectors are located at the end of the battery housing 1.

[0069] The maintenance switch 14 is used to disconnect the circuit in the battery 100 during maintenance, preventing the battery 100 from being energized for maintenance and reducing safety hazards. For ease of maintenance, the maintenance switch 14 is located at the end of the battery housing 1.

[0070] The cold plate assembly facilitates heat exchange through pipes connected to the outside environment, and is used for temperature management of the battery modules 2 inside the battery housing 1. Specifically, the cold plate assembly includes a cold plate and inlet / outlet 15. To facilitate heat exchange with the outside environment, the inlet / outlet 15 is located at the end of the battery housing 1.

[0071] In addition, to facilitate the exhaust of high-temperature gases, the heat dissipation system in this application is also located at the end of the battery housing 1.

[0072] As described above, the connecting wires used for electrical connections in the positive and negative high-voltage plugs are flammable. Therefore, the positive and negative high-voltage plugs should be kept away from heat dissipation systems used to exhaust high-temperature gases and flames. The maintenance switch 14 serves to reduce safety hazards; high temperatures or flames will cause the maintenance switch 14 to malfunction. Therefore, the maintenance switch 14 should also be kept away from heat dissipation systems used to exhaust high-temperature gases and flames. The cold plate assembly is used for temperature management of the battery module 2 to ensure the normal operation of the electrical devices. High temperatures or flames will cause temperature management to fail; therefore, the cold plate assembly should also be kept away from heat dissipation systems used to exhaust high-temperature gases and flames.

[0073] Based on this, the other functional components and the heat dissipation system are respectively located at the first and second ends of the battery housing 1, so that the heat dissipation system is kept away from the other functional components, avoiding the high temperature gas and flame in the heat dissipation system from affecting the normal function of the other functional components, ensuring the normal use of the battery 100, reducing the safety hazards of the battery 100, and further improving the safety of the battery 100 and the electrical device.

[0074] The first end and the second end are two ends that are disposed opposite to each other in the battery housing 1. Specifically, the first end and the second end are two ends that are disposed along the length direction of the battery housing 1.

[0075] Furthermore, considering that the battery housing 1 contains flammable materials of different particle sizes, in order to prevent large-particle flammable materials from blocking the exhaust channel 111, this application also makes the following improvements:

[0076] In some embodiments, a filter screen (not shown) is provided at the air inlet 111a of the exhaust passage 111.

[0077] The filter screen has multiple mesh openings to filter substances of different particle sizes. When the particle size of a substance is smaller than the mesh opening diameter, the substance passes through the filter screen. When the particle size of a substance is larger than the mesh opening diameter, the substance cannot pass through the filter screen.

[0078] Specifically, the pore size of the filter screen is determined according to the particle size of the flammable material, so that flammable materials larger than the aforementioned diameter cannot enter the exhaust channel 111.

[0079] According to the description of the above embodiments, a filter screen is provided at the air inlet 111a of the exhaust channel 111 to prevent large-diameter flammable materials from clogging the exhaust channel 111, so that the high-temperature gas in the exhaust channel 111 can be discharged smoothly, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the heat dissipation system and ensuring the safety of the electrical device.

[0080] Based on this, and considering that both the filter and the extinguishing agent are consumable materials, this application also makes the following improvements:

[0081] In some embodiments, the filter screen is detachably connected to the exhaust channel 111.

[0082] Specifically, detachable connections include, but are not limited to, threaded connections, snap-fit ​​connections, and pin connections.

[0083] For example, the filter screen and the exhaust channel 111 are connected by a thread. Threaded connections have advantages such as simple structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, and reliable connection.

[0084] When filtering flammable materials, the filter screen wears down due to friction with the materials. Excessive wear can cause the filter screen to malfunction, therefore regular replacement and maintenance are necessary.

[0085] According to the description of the above embodiments, the connection between the filter screen and the exhaust channel 111 is detachable, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the filter screen, enables the heat dissipation system to operate continuously and normally, and thus ensures the long-term safety of the electrical device.

[0086] In some embodiments, the connection between the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111 is a detachable connection.

[0087] Specifically, detachable connections include, but are not limited to, threaded connections, snap-fit ​​connections, and pin connections.

[0088] For example, the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111 are connected by a thread. Threaded connections have advantages such as simple structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, and reliable connection.

[0089] The extinguishing medium in the fire extinguishing device 12 will continuously decrease during the fire extinguishing process. Therefore, to ensure the fire extinguishing effect of the fire extinguishing device 12, it is necessary to periodically add the extinguishing medium or periodically replace the fire extinguishing device 12.

[0090] According to the description of the above embodiments, the connection between the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111 is detachable, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the fire extinguishing device 12, so as to ensure the stability of the fire extinguishing effect of the heat dissipation system and thus ensure the long-term safety of the electrical equipment.

[0091] Furthermore, in order to extend the service life of the fire extinguishing device 12 and enable the heat dissipation system to extinguish fires multiple times, this application also makes the following improvements:

[0092] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing device 12 further includes an automatic start-stop structure. The automatic start-stop structure is used to control the connection and disconnection between the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111 based on the flow rate of high-temperature gas in the exhaust channel 111.

[0093] Specifically, when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery 100, a large amount of high-temperature gas is generated and rushes into the exhaust channel 111. At this time, the flow rate of high-temperature gas in the exhaust channel 111 increases rapidly. The automatic start-stop structure controls the fire extinguishing device 12 to connect with the exhaust channel 111, so that the fire extinguishing medium enters the exhaust channel 111 to extinguish the fire.

[0094] Once the thermal runaway within the battery 100 is controlled by the heat dissipation system, the flow of high-temperature gas in the exhaust channel 111 is reduced. The automatic start-stop structure controls the fire extinguishing device 12 to disconnect from the exhaust channel 111, preventing the extinguishing medium from entering the exhaust channel 111 and retaining it in the receiving cavity 121 of the fire extinguishing device 12. This allows the extinguishing medium to re-enter the exhaust channel 111 for fire extinguishing when the battery 100 experiences thermal runaway again.

[0095] In summary, the automatic start-stop structure in the fire extinguishing device 12 controls the connection and disconnection between the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111, extending the service life of the fire extinguishing device 12, enabling the heat dissipation system to extinguish fires multiple times, thereby ensuring the long-term safety of electrical equipment, and reducing the production costs associated with replacing the extinguishing medium or the fire extinguishing device 12.

[0096] Furthermore, this application also combines Figure 5-Figure 8 The following embodiments provide a specific description of one of the structures of the above-described automatic start-stop structure:

[0097] In some embodiments, the exhaust passage 111 includes a first pipe 1111, a second pipe 1112, and a third pipe 1113. The inner diameters of the first pipe 1111 and the third pipe 1113 are larger than the inner diameter of the second pipe 1112. The second pipe 1112 connects the first pipe 1111 and the third pipe 1113. The first pipe 1111, the second pipe 1112, and the third pipe 1113 are interconnected. The fire extinguishing device 12 is connected to the second pipe 1112.

[0098] The automatic start-stop structure includes a piston 122 and a spring 123. The piston 122 seals between the fire extinguishing device 12 and the second pipeline 1112 to prevent the extinguishing medium from entering the exhaust passage 111 through the second pipeline 1112. The spring 123 is disposed in the receiving cavity 121 of the fire extinguishing device 12, with one end of the spring 123 connected to the piston 122 and the other end connected to the bottom of the receiving cavity 121.

[0099] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the exhaust channel 111 includes a first pipe 1111, a second pipe 1112 and a third pipe 1113, and the inner diameters of the first pipe 1111 and the third pipe 1113 are larger than the inner diameter of the second pipe 1112, so that a negative pressure environment is formed in the second pipe 1112.

[0100] Specifically, the structure of the exhaust channel 111 is designed based on the Venturi principle.

[0101] The Venturi principle states that when a fluid (gas or liquid) passes through a narrowed pipe or slit, the fluid velocity increases and the corresponding pressure decreases.

[0102] Furthermore, according to the principles of fluid dynamics, when there is a pressure difference between two regions, gas molecules will move from the high-pressure region to the low-pressure region to reduce the pressure difference, thereby generating suction.

[0103] Specifically, when the fire extinguishing device 12 is connected to the second pipeline 1112, the second pipeline 1112 is a low-pressure area, while the receiving cavity 121 of the fire extinguishing device 12 is a high-pressure area relative to the second pipeline 1112. Therefore, the second pipeline 1112 will generate suction on the piston 122 in the automatic start-stop structure, causing the piston 122, which is sealed in the receiving cavity 121, to move to a preset position.

[0104] When the piston 122 moves to the preset position, the receiving cavity 121 of the fire extinguishing device 12 is connected to the second pipeline 1112, so that the fire extinguishing medium in the fire extinguishing device 12 can smoothly enter the exhaust channel 111 to extinguish the fire.

[0105] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, a flow channel 1221 is provided inside the piston 122, with the inlet of the flow channel 1221 opening into the receiving cavity 121 and the outlet of the flow channel 1221 abutting against the inner wall of the receiving cavity 121. When the piston 122 moves to a preset position, the outlet of the flow channel 1221 is exposed in the second pipe 1112, allowing the fire extinguishing medium to enter the exhaust channel 111 through the aforementioned flow channel 1221 for fire extinguishing, thus realizing automatic connection between the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111.

[0106] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that the positioning of the above-mentioned preset position is achieved through the following structure:

[0107] A stop 1222 is provided at the entrance of the receiving cavity 121. When the piston 122 comes into contact with the stop 1222 during its movement, it means that the piston 122 has reached the aforementioned preset position.

[0108] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, one end of the spring 123 is connected to the piston 122, and the other end of the spring 123 is connected to the bottom of the receiving cavity 121. When the piston 122 moves to the preset position, the spring 123 is stretched and deformed. At this time, the spring 123 has a restoring force.

[0109] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, when the high-temperature gas in the battery 100 is discharged by the pressure relief valve 112 and the flame in the exhaust channel 111 is extinguished by the fire extinguishing device 12, the flow rate of the high-temperature gas in the exhaust channel 111 decreases, thus relieving the negative pressure environment in the second pipeline 1112. Consequently, the restoring force of the spring 123 causes the spring 123 to return to its initial shape and moves the piston 122 to its initial position. When the piston 122 is in the initial position, the outlet of the flow channel 1221 abuts against the inner wall of the receiving cavity 121, thereby preventing the fire extinguishing medium from entering the exhaust channel 111, thus achieving automatic disconnection between the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111.

[0110] In summary, the second pipe 1112 in the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111 is connected. When the battery 100 experiences thermal runaway, the negative pressure environment in the second pipe 1112 generates suction on the piston 122 in the fire extinguishing device 12. The piston 122 moves to a preset position, allowing the extinguishing medium to enter the exhaust channel 111 through the flow channel 1221 for fire extinguishing, thus achieving automatic connection between the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111. Furthermore, after the thermal runaway of the battery 100 ends, the spring 123 connected to the bottom of the fire extinguishing device 12 drives the piston 122 to move back to its initial position, preventing the extinguishing medium from entering the exhaust channel 111, thus achieving automatic disconnection between the fire extinguishing device 12 and the exhaust channel 111.

[0111] Furthermore, the exhaust passage 111 needs to be airtight to ensure a stable negative pressure environment is formed within it. Based on this, the structures of the first pipe 1111, the second pipe 1112, and the third pipe 1113 include, but are not limited to, the following two:

[0112] Structure 1: The first pipe 1111, the second pipe 1112 and the third pipe 1113 are cast as a single unit.

[0113] First, the unibody casting structure eliminates or minimizes gaps in the connections between multiple components, resulting in a more continuous and complete surface, thus reducing the possibility of leakage. Second, the absence of multiple component connections in a unibody casting structure makes it less prone to deterioration in sealing performance due to vibration or long-term stress during use. Furthermore, the unibody casting structure includes fewer machining steps and interfaces, helping to maintain the integrity and corrosion resistance of the material, further improving sealing performance.

[0114] Structure 2: The air outlet 111b of the first pipe 1111 is welded to the air inlet 111a of the second pipe 1112, and the air outlet 111b of the second pipe 1112 is welded to the air inlet 111a of the third pipe 1113.

[0115] First, welded structures achieve virtually seamless connections, withstanding higher internal pressures without leakage. Second, welded joints typically possess greater strength than mechanical connections such as bolts or rivets. The welding process involves atomic-level fusion of metals, providing additional strength and helping to maintain the structure's airtightness. Furthermore, welded structures retain their properties in high-temperature environments, thus maintaining the structure's seal and preventing leaks caused by thermal expansion.

[0116] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation system includes a plurality of exhaust channels 111, and each exhaust channel 111 is connected to a fire extinguishing device 12.

[0117] As described in the above embodiments, the multiple exhaust channels 111 increase the heat dissipation system's capacity to hold high-temperature gases, ensuring that the large amount of high-temperature gases generated when the battery 100 experiences severe thermal runaway can be dissipated in a timely and effective manner. Furthermore, each exhaust channel 111 is connected to a fire extinguishing device 12, enabling the flames carried in the high-temperature gases to be extinguished promptly and effectively.

[0118] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heat dissipation system includes two symmetrically arranged exhaust channels 111. The outlets 111b of both exhaust channels 111 are connected to a pressure relief valve 112, and the inlets 111a of both exhaust channels 111 are arranged along the width of the battery housing 1 on both sides of the battery housing 1. This allows high-temperature gases from both sides of the battery housing 1 to enter the heat dissipation system via the shortest path, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the system.

[0119] Secondly, this application provides a battery 100, including a battery module 2 and a battery housing 1 as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery module 2 is disposed within the battery housing 1. The battery housing 1 serves to protect the battery module 2 and provide installation space for the battery module 2.

[0120] Thirdly, this application provides an electrical device including the battery 100 described in the above embodiments. The battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy.

[0121] Those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of this application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments are used in any combination.

[0122] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery housing, characterized in that, The battery housing is equipped with a heat dissipation system; The heat dissipation system includes a pressure relief device and a fire extinguishing device; The pressure relief device includes an exhaust channel and a pressure relief valve. The air inlet of the exhaust channel is located inside the battery box, and the air outlet of the exhaust channel is connected to the pressure relief valve. The exhaust passage is used to supply high-temperature gas to the pressure relief valve; The pressure relief valve is used to discharge high-temperature gas from inside the battery box; The fire extinguishing device has a receiving cavity in which a fire extinguishing medium is stored; The receiving cavity is connected to the exhaust channel, allowing the fire extinguishing medium to enter the exhaust channel.

2. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter screen is installed at the air inlet of the exhaust channel.

3. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing device also includes an automatic start-stop mechanism; The automatic start-stop structure is used to control the connection and disconnection between the fire extinguishing device and the exhaust channel according to the flow rate of high-temperature gas in the exhaust channel.

4. The battery housing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The exhaust passage includes a first pipe, a second pipe, and a third pipe; The inner diameters of the first pipe and the third pipe are larger than the inner diameter of the second pipe; The second pipeline is connected between the first pipeline and the third pipeline; The first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline are interconnected; The fire extinguishing device is connected to the second pipeline; The automatic start-stop structure includes a piston and a spring; The piston seals between the fire extinguishing device and the second pipeline to prevent the fire extinguishing medium from entering the exhaust channel through the second pipeline. The spring is disposed in the receiving cavity of the fire extinguishing device, and one end of the spring is connected to the piston, while the other end of the spring is connected to the bottom of the receiving cavity.

5. The battery housing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter screen is detachably connected to the exhaust channel.

6. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing device is detachably connected to the exhaust channel.

7. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes other functional components; The other functional components are disposed at the first end of the battery housing; The heat dissipation system is located at the second end of the battery housing; The first end and the second end are two ends that are set opposite to each other.

8. The battery housing according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The heat dissipation system includes multiple exhaust channels; Each of the aforementioned exhaust channels is connected to one of the aforementioned fire extinguishing devices.

9. A battery, characterized in that, Includes a battery module and a battery housing according to any one of claims 1-8; The battery module is housed inside the battery casing; The battery enclosure is used to protect the battery module and provide installation space for the battery module.

10. An electrical device, characterized in that, Includes the battery as described in claim 9; The battery is used to provide electrical energy.

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