Battery cover, battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery cover, a battery pack and electric equipment. The battery cover comprises a battery cover body and an adapter assembly, wherein the switching assembly is arranged on the battery cover body, and the switching assembly is connected with a battery management system and a battery pack of the battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to battery covers, battery packs, and electrical devices. Background Technology

[0002] The new energy 12V low-voltage battery pack contains multiple components, such as the battery pack, battery bracket, and battery management system (BMS).

[0003] In related technologies, the connections between the components in the battery pack and between the components and the battery cover are complex, resulting in a complex battery cover structure and high production costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a battery cover, a battery pack, and an electrical device, which aim to optimize the battery cover structure and reduce production costs.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery cover, comprising:

[0006] Battery cover body;

[0007] An adapter component is disposed on the battery cover body, and the adapter component is connected to the battery management system and battery pack of the battery module.

[0008] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, including a battery module, a housing, and a battery cover as described in the first aspect. The battery cover is disposed on the housing and forms an accommodating space, and the battery module is disposed in the accommodating space.

[0009] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including a battery pack as described in the second aspect.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0011] In the embodiments of this application, compared with the prior art which uses bolts or other fixing methods to fix the battery module to the battery cover body, this application sets the adapter component on the battery cover body and connects the adapter component to the battery management system and battery pack of the battery module. This allows the battery module to be connected to the battery cover body through the adapter component, thereby reducing the use of other complex connection methods, reducing the fabrication of connection structures corresponding to other complex connection methods, optimizing the structure of the battery cover, reducing the complexity of the battery cover structure shape, and lowering the production cost of the battery cover. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the inner side of the battery cover provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the battery cover and BMS assembled according to an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the BMS, adapter, and battery cell provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0016] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the busbar provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the battery cover from the outside, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a front view of the battery cover provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack explosion provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack assembly provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] Battery cover 10, battery cover body 101, adapter assembly 102, battery pack 103, battery management system 104, battery bracket 105, first base plate 106, first side plate 107, first connecting part 108, second connecting part 109, first adapter part 110, second adapter part 111, welding part 112, connecting pin 113, interface end 114, third connecting part 115, first end of terminal post 116, second end of terminal post 117, first fixing part 118, current collection part 119, battery module 120, length edge 121, width edge 122, body 123. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0024] Due to the complex connections between components in the battery pack and between the components and the battery pack housing in related technologies, the internal structure and housing of the battery pack are complex and the production cost is high. For example, in related technologies, the busbar is located between the battery pack and the battery management system, and there is no connection between it and the battery cover body. The battery cover body and the battery management system are mostly connected by fasteners (bolts / screws). Setting multiple fasteners will complicate the internal shape of the battery pack and housing structure. Therefore, this application provides a battery cover, a battery pack, and an electrical device, which allows the battery module to be connected to the battery cover body by setting the adapter component on the battery cover body and connecting the adapter component to the battery management system and battery pack of the battery module. This increases the stability between the battery module and the battery cover body, thereby reducing the need for other complex connection methods, optimizing the structure of the battery cover, reducing the complexity of the battery cover structure, and lowering the production cost of the battery cover. For details, please refer to the following description.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the following text, the terms "battery module," "battery," "battery element," "cell," and "battery pack" are used interchangeably and can refer to any of a variety of rechargeable battery chemistry and construction, including but not limited to lithium-ion (e.g., lithium-ion phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, other lithium oxide metals, etc.), lithium-ion polymer, nickel-metal hydride, nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, nickel-zinc, silver-zinc, or other battery types / constructions. The term "electric vehicle" is used herein to refer to fully electric vehicles also known as EVs, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles also known as PHEVs, or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), wherein a hybrid vehicle employs multiple propulsion sources, one of which is an electric drive system. It should be understood that the same reference numerals are used in multiple figures to refer to the same components or components with equivalent functions, and various modifications to the preferred embodiments, general principles, and features described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the figures are intended to illustrate the scope of this application only and are not intended to be limiting and should not be considered as drawn to scale.

[0026] The embodiments of this application are generally applicable to systems employing electric motors, and more specifically, but not exclusively, to electric vehicles using multiphase electric motors (e.g., inductive motors). Electric vehicles use one or more stored energy sources, such as battery packs, to provide electrical power to the vehicle. This energy is at least partially used to propel the vehicle. The stored energy can also be used to provide power for other vehicle systems, such as vehicle lighting, vehicle-zoned heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, auxiliary control systems (e.g., sensors, displays, navigation systems, etc.), vehicle entertainment systems (e.g., radio, DVD, MP3, etc.), etc. Conventional electric vehicles include passenger vehicles and vehicles designed to transport goods, examples of which include passenger cars, trucks, electric bicycles, and recreational boats. Electric vehicles also include specialized work vehicles and trolleys, some of which may integrate features such as forklifts, scissor lifts, lifting and / or articulated boom lifts, street cleaning systems, conveyors, and flatbed transport platforms.

[0027] For details, please refer to Figures 1-8 ,in, Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the inner side of the battery cover provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 as well as Figure 7 The battery cover 10 specifically includes a battery cover body 101 and an adapter component 102 disposed on the battery cover body 101. The adapter component 102 is connected to the battery management system 104 and the battery pack 103 of the battery module 120.

[0028] In the embodiments of this application, compared with the prior art which uses bolts or other fixing methods to fix the battery module to the battery cover body, this application sets the adapter component 102 on the battery cover body 101 and connects the adapter component 102 to the battery management system 104 and battery pack 103 of the battery module 120. This allows the battery module 120 to be connected to the battery cover body 101 through the adapter component 102, thereby reducing the use of other complex connection methods and reducing the fabrication of connection structures corresponding to other complex connection methods. This optimizes the structure of the battery cover 10, reduces the complexity of the structural shape of the battery cover 10, and lowers the production cost of the battery cover 10.

[0029] In one embodiment, the battery cover body 101 may be made of plastic, that is, the battery cover body 101 is a plastic shell used to encapsulate and protect the battery. Such a shell is typically made of a variety of materials, including but not limited to composite materials such as PC (polycarbonate) and PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate).

[0030] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, the battery cover body 101 includes a first base plate 106 and four first side plates 107 surrounding the first base plate 106. The adapter assembly 102 is located in the space enclosed by the first base plate 106 and the first side plates 107 and is connected to the first base plate 106.

[0031] Specifically, the adapter component 102 includes two junction sections 119, which can be disposed on the first base plate 106.

[0032] In this configuration, one of the two busbars 119 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack 103 and the battery management system 104, while the other busbar 119 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack 103 and the battery management system 104, thereby enabling the battery module 120 to form a circuit.

[0033] In some embodiments, as Figure 7-8 As shown, the battery module 120 includes a battery pack 103 and a battery management system 104. The battery management system 104 is disposed between the battery cover body 101 and the battery pack 103. The busbar 119 is connected to the battery management system 104 and the battery pack 103.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 3-4As shown, the busbar 119 may include a first connecting part 108, a second connecting part 109, and a first adapter part 110. The first adapter part 110 is fixed to the first base plate 106 and is connected to the first connecting part 108 and the second connecting part 109. The first connecting part 108 is connected to the battery pack 103, and the second connecting part 109 is connected to the battery management system 104.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first connecting portion 108 extends from a length edge 121 of the first adapter portion 110 in a direction away from the first base plate 106, and the second connecting portion 109 extends from a width edge 122 of the first adapter portion 110 or from the body 123 of the first adapter portion 110 in a direction away from the first base plate 106.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first adapter 110 is injection molded onto the battery cover body 101. Specifically, the first adapter 110 is injection molded together with the plastic of the battery cover body 101.

[0037] In this embodiment of the application, the first adapter 110 is injection molded onto the battery cover body 101, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first adapter 110 and the battery cover body 101. The connection method is simple, the connection stability is strong, and no other additional connection structure is required, which optimizes the structure of the battery cover 10 and reduces the production cost of the battery cover 10.

[0038] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, the first connecting part 108 may include a second adapter part 111 and a welding part 112. The second adapter part 111 is connected to the first adapter part 110 and the welding part 112, and the welding part 112 is connected to the battery pack 103.

[0039] Specifically, since there are spatial (horizontal and vertical) assembly errors between the position of the busbar 119 on the battery cover body 101 and the welding position of the welding part 112 and the battery pack 103, the second adapter 111 can be designed to avoid these errors. That is, the second adapter 111 can be designed to avoid these errors in the area adjacent to the battery management system 104. A corresponding bending structure can be made between the connecting part and the welding part 112. In this way, the assembly error between the busbar 119 and the battery pack 103 and the battery cover body 101 can be reduced, thereby overcoming the spatial assembly error between the two and eliminating the stress concentration generated during the assembly and welding process of the busbar 119 and the battery pack 103.

[0040] In some embodiments, as Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the second connection part 109 includes a plurality of connection pins 113 arranged at intervals between each other. The first end of the connection pin 113 is connected to the first adapter part 110, and the second end of the connection pin 113 is connected to the battery management system 104.

[0041] Specifically, the direction from the first end of the connection pin 113 to the second end of the connection pin 113 is an extension direction away from the base plate and close to the battery management system 104.

[0042] The connection pin 113 can be soldered to the battery management system 104, thereby indirectly fixing the battery management system 104 to the battery cover body 101.

[0043] In some embodiments, as Figure 1-2 , Figure 5-7 As shown, the battery cover body 101 is provided with a communication unit, which includes an interface terminal 114 and a third connection portion 115 connected to the interface terminal 114. The interface terminal 114 is located on the outside of the battery cover body 101, and the third connection portion 115 of the communication unit is fixed to the inside of the battery cover body 101 and connected to the battery management system 104.

[0044] Specifically, the third connection part 115 and the battery management system 104 can be connected by welding.

[0045] In this embodiment of the application, by connecting the third connection part 115 of the communication unit to the battery management system 104, the connection stability between the battery cover body 101 and the battery management system 104 can be further improved.

[0046] In some embodiments, as Figure 1-2 , Figure 5-7 As shown, the battery cover body 101 is provided with a terminal post, which includes a first terminal post 116 and a second terminal post 117 connected to the first terminal post 116. The first terminal post 116 is located on the outside of the battery cover body 101, and the second terminal post 117 is fixed to the inside of the battery cover body 101 and connected to the battery management system 104.

[0047] Specifically, the battery management system 104 includes a power management module that is connected to the second terminal 117 of the terminal and the current collector 119.

[0048] It should be noted that the terminal post can include positive and negative terminals, but this application does not make a distinction for the time being. The specific configuration can be determined according to the actual situation, for example... Figure 5 One of the two terminals 116 is a positive terminal and the other is a negative terminal.

[0049] Specifically, the second end 117 of the terminal post and the battery management system 104 can be connected by welding.

[0050] In this embodiment, the second end 117 of the terminal post is fixed to the inner side of the battery cover body 101 and connected to the battery management system 104, which can further improve the connection stability between the battery cover body 101 and the battery management system 104.

[0051] In some embodiments, the battery management system 104 includes a first fixing part 118, which is disposed at one end of the battery management system 104 away from the adapter component 102, and is configured to fix the battery management system 104 to the battery cover body 101.

[0052] Specifically, the first fixing part 118 can be a bolt structure.

[0053] In this embodiment, by setting the first fixing part 118 at one end of the battery management system 104 away from the adapter component 102, this fixing position can form a polygonal stable structure with the fixing positions of the adapter component 102, the third connecting part 115 and the second end 117 of the pole piece mentioned above. This allows the battery management system 104 to be better fixed to the battery cover body 101 by the first fixing part 118, thereby improving its stability.

[0054] In one embodiment, the battery module 120 further includes a battery bracket 105, with the battery pack 103 and the battery management system 104 respectively disposed on both sides of the battery bracket 105.

[0055] Based on the battery cover 10, this application embodiment also provides a battery pack. For example... Figure 7-8 As shown, the battery pack includes a battery module 120, a housing (not shown in the figure), and a battery cover 10. The battery cover 10 is disposed on the housing and forms an accommodating space, and the battery module 120 is disposed in the accommodating space.

[0056] For details regarding the specific improvements to the battery cover 10, please refer to the previous text, which will not be repeated here.

[0057] Specifically, the main structure and function of this battery pack in the vehicle system are as follows:

[0058] Its structural components include: A single battery cell: composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte; charging and discharging are achieved through the migration of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. A DC / DC converter: converts the high-voltage DC power from the power battery pack 103 into low-voltage DC power for use in low-voltage systems. Low-voltage wiring harness: used to connect various low-voltage electrical devices, such as vehicle lights and windshield wipers. A high-voltage power-off system: ensures rapid disconnection of the high-voltage power supply in emergencies, guaranteeing safety. A battery management system 104 (BMS): monitors the battery status, manages the charging and discharging process, and improves battery safety and lifespan. A thermal management system: maintains a constant battery temperature, preventing overheating or overcooling from affecting battery performance.

[0059] Its main functions include: Starting and activating the high-voltage power battery: When the vehicle needs to be started, the 12V low-voltage battery works first, activating the vehicle control unit (VCU) and requesting high-voltage action from the BMS. Powering the low-voltage electrical system: Providing power to various low-voltage electrical appliances in the vehicle, such as headlights, windshield wipers, central locking, and instrument panel lighting systems. Emergency power supply: In cases where the power battery cannot operate (e.g., in low-temperature environments), the 12V battery can still provide power to ensure basic vehicle operation and safety functions. Powering auxiliary components: Providing power to auxiliary components such as the vehicle control unit, motor control system, battery management system 104, controllers of high-voltage electrical equipment, and cooling electric water pumps.

[0060] In the embodiments of this application, compared with the prior art which uses bolts or other fixing methods to fix the battery module to the battery cover body, this application sets the adapter component 102 on the battery cover body 101 and connects the adapter component 102 to the battery management system 104 and battery pack 103 of the battery module 120. This allows the battery module 120 to be connected to the battery cover body 101 through the adapter component 102, thereby reducing the use of other complex connection methods and reducing the fabrication of connection structures corresponding to other complex connection methods. This optimizes the structure of the battery cover 10, reduces the complexity of the structural shape of the battery cover 10, and lowers the production cost of the battery cover 10.

[0061] In some embodiments, the adapter assembly 102 includes a busbar 119, the battery pack 103 includes a plurality of cells, the plurality of cells are arranged adjacent to each other and flush, the two outermost target cells are connected to the adapter assembly 102, and the terminal contact surface of the target cells is arranged parallel to the second connection portion 109 of the busbar 119.

[0062] In this embodiment of the application, by arranging the terminal face of the target battery cell parallel to the second connection portion 109 of the busbar 119, the ease of connecting the terminal and the busbar can be effectively improved.

[0063] Based on the battery pack, this application embodiment also provides an electrical device (not shown in the figure) that includes a battery pack.

[0064] For details regarding specific improvements to the battery pack, please refer to the previous text; they will not be repeated here.

[0065] Specifically, 12V low-voltage battery packs are widely used in new energy vehicles, primarily supplying power to various onboard electrical devices. These devices include, but are not limited to, the following categories:

[0066] Starting the high-voltage controller: The 12V low-voltage battery is mainly used to start the high-voltage controller. Lighting system: Includes headlights and interior lights. Instrument and control system: Provides power to the vehicle's instrument panel and various control systems. Car audio system: Provides power to the audio system. Windshield wipers: Used to clean the windshield in rainy weather. Window sliding mechanism: Controls the raising and lowering of the windows. Defrost heater: Used for defrosting in winter and heating the interior.

[0067] Power steering motor: Provides steering assistance. Airbag and rearview mirror adjustment motor: Used for airbag deployment and rearview mirror adjustment. Electronic device interface: For portable electronic devices such as car vacuum cleaners and car air pumps. Navigation system and dashcam: Provides charging for these devices via the cigarette lighter socket.

[0068] In addition, the 12V low-voltage battery also provides power for some specific functions, such as: air conditioning system: the air conditioning system in some new energy vehicles may also use a 12V power supply. Power steering system: the power steering system of some models also relies on a 12V power supply.

[0069] In the embodiments of this application, compared with the prior art which uses bolts or other fixing methods to fix the battery module to the battery cover body, this application sets the adapter component 102 on the battery cover body 101 and connects the adapter component 102 to the battery management system 104 and battery pack 103 of the battery module 120. This allows the battery module 120 to be connected to the battery cover body 101 through the adapter component 102, thereby reducing the use of other complex connection methods and reducing the fabrication of connection structures corresponding to other complex connection methods. This optimizes the structure of the battery cover 10, reduces the complexity of the structural shape of the battery cover 10, and lowers the production cost of the battery cover 10.

[0070] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A battery cover, characterized in that, include: Battery cover body; An adapter component is disposed on the battery cover body, and the adapter component is connected to the battery management system and battery pack of the battery module; The battery cover body includes a first base plate and four first side plates surrounding the first base plate, and the adapter assembly is located on the side of the first base plate away from the outside of the battery cover body.

2. The battery cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adapter assembly includes two junctions, which are disposed on the first base plate.

3. The battery cover according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery management system is disposed between the battery cover body and the battery pack; The busbar is connected to the battery management system and the battery pack.

4. The battery cover according to claim 3, characterized in that, The junction includes a first connecting part, a second connecting part, and a first adapter part. The first adapter part is fixed to the first base plate and is connected to the first connecting part and the second connecting part. The first connection part is connected to the battery pack, and the second connection part is connected to the battery management system.

5. The battery cover according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first connecting portion extends from a length edge of the first adapter portion in a direction away from the first base plate, and the second connecting portion extends from a width edge of the first adapter portion or from the body of the first adapter portion in a direction away from the first base plate.

6. The battery cover according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first connecting part includes a second adapter part and a welding part. The second adapter part is connected to the first adapter part and the welding part, and the welding part is connected to the battery pack.

7. The battery cover according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second connection part includes a plurality of connection pins spaced apart from each other. The first end of the connection pin is connected to the first adapter part, and the second end of the connection pin is connected to the battery management system.

8. The battery cover according to claim 7, characterized in that, The direction from the first end of the connection pin to the second end of the connection pin is an extension direction away from the base plate and towards the battery management system.

9. The battery cover according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The battery cover body is provided with a communication unit, which includes an interface end and a third connection part connected to the interface end. The interface end is located on the outside of the battery cover body, and the third connection part is fixed to the inside of the battery cover body and connected to the battery management system.

10. The battery cover according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The battery cover body is provided with a terminal post, which includes a first terminal post and a second terminal post connected to the first terminal post. The first terminal post is located on the outside of the battery cover body, and the second terminal post is fixed to the inside of the battery cover body and connected to the battery management system.

11. The battery cover according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The battery management system includes a first fixing part, which is disposed at one end of the battery management system away from the adapter component, and is configured to fix the battery management system to the battery cover body.

12. The battery cover according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The battery module also includes a battery bracket, with the battery pack and the battery management system respectively disposed on both sides of the battery bracket.

13. A battery pack, characterized in that, The device includes a battery module, a housing, and a battery cover as described in any one of claims 1-12, wherein the battery cover is disposed on the housing and forms an accommodating space, and the battery module is disposed in the accommodating space.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, The adapter assembly includes a busbar, and the battery pack includes multiple cells arranged adjacent to each other and flush. The two outermost target cells are connected to the adapter assembly, and the terminal contact surfaces of the target cells are arranged parallel to the second connection portion of the busbar.

15. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 13-14.

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