Multi-channel battery charging management circuit

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-path battery charging management circuit, which can effectively manage power distribution so as to ensure that a plurality of batteries can be properly charged, the charging efficiency and the service life of the batteries are ensured, and the safety is high. A multi-path battery charging management circuit comprises a communication module which is connected with a power input interface J1 and is used for signal receiving and transmitting communication; at least two groups of output management modules connected in parallel are arranged, each group of output management module is connected with a corresponding adaptive battery pack, and each group of output management module is connected with the power supply input interface J1; the output management module is used for receiving voltage and current signals of the corresponding adaptive battery pack and outputting corresponding voltage and current to the adaptive battery pack; and the control module is connected with the communication module and the output management module, and is used for receiving the voltage and current signals output by the output management module and controlling the power supply output of the output management module to the adaptive battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery charging technology, specifically a multi-channel battery charging management circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Chargers, which typically use power electronic semiconductor devices, are devices that convert alternating current (AC) with a fixed voltage and frequency into low-voltage direct current (DC). They are widely used in various fields, especially in everyday life, where they are widely used in mobile phones, cameras, audio and video players, and more.

[0003] In some situations, multiple batteries need to be charged simultaneously, which conventional single-battery chargers cannot meet. This leads to the use of multi-channel chargers. However, existing multi-channel chargers charge different batteries by sharing the charging current, which slows down the charging speed of each battery and causes the charger to overheat when charging multiple batteries simultaneously, thus affecting charging efficiency and battery life. In addition, if a short circuit or overcharging occurs during charging, the charger cannot respond in time, which may cause safety issues. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a multi-channel battery charging management circuit that effectively manages power distribution to ensure that multiple batteries receive adequate charging, while maintaining charging efficiency, battery life, and high safety.

[0005] This utility model adopts the following technical solution: a multi-channel battery charging management circuit, comprising:

[0006] The communication module is connected to the power input interface J1 and is used for signal transmission and reception communication.

[0007] At least two sets of output management modules are provided in parallel. Each set of output management modules is connected to a corresponding adapter battery pack, and each set of output management modules is connected to the power input interface J1. The output management module is used to receive the voltage and current signals of the corresponding adapter battery pack, and to output the corresponding voltage and current to the adapter battery pack.

[0008] The control module is connected to both the communication module and the output management module, and is used to receive voltage and current signals output by the output management module and control the output management module to supply power to the adapter battery pack.

[0009] Furthermore, the control module includes a controller U1, which is an STM32F103XB microcontroller; pins 1 and 2 of the power input interface J1 are connected to the negative terminal of the TVS diode D1, and pins 3 and 4 of the power input interface J1 are connected to the positive terminal of the TVS diode D1 and then grounded.

[0010] Further, the output management module includes an analog-to-digital converter U2, resistors R1-R13, capacitors C1-C7, diode D2, Zener diodes D3 and D4, MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, transistor Q3, and an analog-to-digital converter M1. The analog-to-digital converter U2 uses an ADS1015 chip, and the analog-to-digital converter M1 uses a 3V6_MOD chip. One end of resistor R1 is connected to pin 46 of the controller U1, one end of resistor R2 is connected to pin 45 of the controller U1, the other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of capacitor C2 and then to pin 9 of the analog-to-digital converter U2, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to one end of capacitor C1 and then to... At pin 10 of the analog-to-digital converter U2, the other ends of capacitors C1 and C2 are connected to ground; one end of capacitor C3 is connected to pin 1 of the analog-to-digital converter M1 and then to the input voltage VIN+; the other end of capacitor C3 is connected to pin 2 of the analog-to-digital converter M1 and then to ground; one end of capacitor C7 is connected to pin 8 of the analog-to-digital converter U2 and then to a voltage of 3.3V; pin 4 of the analog-to-digital converter M1 is connected to one end of capacitor C4 and the drain of MOSFET Q1; pin 3 of the analog-to-digital converter M1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C4 and one end of resistors R3 and R4; the other end of resistor R3 is connected to one end of capacitor C5 and then to the input voltage VIN+. Pin 7 of the analog-to-digital converter U2 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D2 via the connection of one end of resistor R4, one end of resistor R5, and one end of resistor R6. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to pin 5 of the analog-to-digital converter U2 via the connection of one end of capacitor C5 and one end of capacitor C6. The other end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of resistors R7 and R8. The other end of capacitor C6 is connected to pin 4 of the analog-to-digital converter U2 via the connection of one end of resistor R7 and one end of resistor R8. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to one end of resistor R9 and the negative terminal of diode D2. The other end of resistor R9 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode D3 and the drain of MOSFET Q2. The transistors are connected in series. The positive terminal of the Zener diode D3 is grounded. The source of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the source of the MOSFET Q2, one end of the resistor R10, and the negative terminal of the Zener diode D4. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q2, the other end of the resistor R10, the positive terminal of the Zener diode D4, and one end of the resistor R11. The other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3. One end of the resistor R12 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3 and one end of the resistor R13. The other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q3 and then grounded. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to pin 2 of the controller U1.

[0011] Further, the communication module includes a line transceiver U3, a diode D5, a transient voltage suppressor D6, a transistor Q4, resistors R14-R21, and capacitors C8 and C9. The line transceiver U3 uses a MAX481ESA+ chip, and the transient voltage suppressor D6 uses an SM712 device. One end of resistor R14 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D5 and then to pin 30 of controller U1. The other end of resistor R14 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D5, one end of resistor C8, one end of resistor R15, and the base of transistor Q4. The other end of resistor C8 is connected to the other end of resistor R15 and the emitter of transistor Q4, and then grounded. The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to one end of resistor R16 and pins 2 and 3 of line transceiver U3. Pins 1 and 4 of the line transceiver U3 are connected to pins 31 and 30 of the controller U1, respectively. The other end of the resistor R16 is connected to one end of the capacitor C9, pins 6, 7, and 8 of the line transceiver U3, and one end of resistors R17, R19, and R20. The other end of the capacitor C9 is grounded. Pin 5 of the line transceiver U3 is connected to pin 3 of the transient voltage suppressor D6 and then grounded. The other end of the resistor R17 is connected to one end of the resistor R18, one end of the resistor R21, and pin 1 of the transient voltage suppressor D6 and then connected to pin 7 of the power input interface J1. The other end of the resistor R18 is grounded. The other end of the resistor R19 is connected to the other ends of the resistor R20, the other end of the resistor R21, and pin 2 of the transient voltage suppressor D6 and then connected to pin 6 of the power input interface J1.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that by setting at least two sets of output management modules connected in parallel, it can realize multi-channel charging for multiple devices, saving time, meeting the charging needs of different devices, providing users with an efficient and safe charging experience, and has good use value. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control module in this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the output management module in this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection circuit between the communication module and the power input interface in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0017] like Figures 1-4As shown, this utility model provides a multi-channel battery charging management circuit, comprising:

[0018] The communication module is connected to the power input interface J1 and is used for signal transmission and reception communication.

[0019] At least two sets of output management modules are connected in parallel. Each set of output management modules is connected to the corresponding adapter battery pack, and each set of output management modules is connected to the power input interface J1. The output management module is used to receive the voltage and current signals of the corresponding adapter battery pack and to output the corresponding voltage and current to the adapter battery pack.

[0020] The control module is connected to both the communication module and the output management module. It is used to receive voltage and current signals from the output management module and control the power supply output of the output management module to the compatible battery pack.

[0021] The control module includes controller U1, which uses an STM32F103XB microcontroller. Pins 1 and 2 of the power input interface J1 are connected to the negative terminal of TVS diode D1, and pins 3 and 4 of the power input interface J1 are connected to the positive terminal of TVS diode D1 and then grounded.

[0022] The output management module includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) U2, resistors R1-R13, capacitors C1-C7, diode D2, Zener diodes D3 and D4, MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, transistor Q3, and ADC M1. ADC U2 uses an ADS1015 chip, and ADC M1 uses a 3V6_MOD chip. One end of resistor R1 is connected to pin 46 of controller U1, one end of resistor R2 is connected to pin 45 of controller U1, the other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of capacitor C2 and then to pin 9 of ADC U2, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to one end of capacitor C1 and then to pin 9 of ADC U2. Pin 10 of analog-to-digital converter U2 is connected to ground via the other ends of capacitors C1 and C2. One end of capacitor C3 is connected to pin 1 of analog-to-digital converter M1, which is then connected to the input voltage VIN+. The other end of capacitor C3 is connected to pin 2 of analog-to-digital converter M1, which is then grounded. One end of capacitor C7 is connected to pin 8 of analog-to-digital converter U2, which is then connected to a voltage of 3.3V. Pin 4 of analog-to-digital converter M1 is connected to one end of capacitor C4 and the drain of MOSFET Q1. Pin 3 of analog-to-digital converter M1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C4 and one end of resistors R3 and R4. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to one end of capacitor C5, which is then connected to the input voltage VIN+. Pin 7 of converter U2 is connected to pin 5. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to one end of resistor R5 and one end of resistor R6, which is then connected to the anode of diode D2. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to the other end of capacitor C5 and one end of capacitor C6, which is then connected to pin 5 of analog-to-digital converter U2. The other end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of resistors R7 and R8. The other end of capacitor C6 is connected to the other end of resistor R7, which is then connected to pin 4 of analog-to-digital converter U2. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to one end of resistor R9 and the cathode of diode D2. The other end of resistor R9 is connected to the cathode of Zener diode D3 and the drain of MOSFET Q2. The connections are as follows: the positive terminal of Zener diode D3 is grounded; the source of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q2, one end of resistor R10, and the negative terminal of Zener diode D4; the gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q2, the other end of resistor R10, the positive terminal of Zener diode D4, and one end of resistor R11; the other end of resistor R11 is connected to the collector of transistor Q3; one end of resistor R12 is connected to the base of transistor Q3 and one end of resistor R13; the other end of resistor R13 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q3 and then grounded; the other end of resistor R12 is connected to pin 2 of controller U1.

[0023] The communication module includes a line transceiver U3, diode D5, transient voltage suppressor D6, transistor Q4, resistors R14-R21, and capacitors C8 and C9. Line transceiver U3 uses a MAX481ESA+ chip, and transient voltage suppressor D6 uses an SM712 device. One end of resistor R14 is connected to the cathode of diode D5 and then to pin 30 of controller U1. The other end of resistor R14 is connected to the anode of diode D5, one end of resistor C8, one end of resistor R15, and the base of transistor Q4. The other end of resistor C8 is connected to the other end of resistor R15 and the emitter of transistor Q4, then grounded. The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to one end of resistor R16 and pins 2 and 3 of line transceiver U3. Pins 1 and 4 of transceiver U3 are connected to pins 31 and 30 of controller U1, respectively. The other end of resistor R16 is connected to one end of capacitor C9, pins 6, 7, and 8 of transceiver U3, and one end of resistors R17, R19, and R20. The other end of capacitor C9 is grounded. Pin 5 of transceiver U3 is connected to pin 3 of transient voltage suppressor D6 and then grounded. The other end of resistor R17 is connected to one end of resistor R18, one end of resistor R21, and pin 1 of transient voltage suppressor D6 and then connected to pin 7 of power input interface J1. The other end of resistor R18 is grounded. The other end of resistor R19 is connected to the other end of resistor R20, the other end of resistor R21, and pin 2 of transient voltage suppressor D6 and then connected to pin 6 of power input interface J1.

[0024] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The control module controls the output switching by controlling the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 in the output management module; the output management module collects the corresponding voltage and current information of the adapted battery pack through the analog-to-digital converter U2 and sends it to the controller U1. The controller U1 controls the switching of MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 according to the received voltage and current information, thereby realizing output management; during the charging process, the control module can determine whether there is an abnormality based on the real-time detected voltage and current. If abnormalities such as short circuit, overcharge, or reverse battery connection occur, the output management module can be controlled to shut down the output. Charging can only resume after the voltage and current return to normal. This utility model can be adapted to multiple 3V-6, 3V-8, 6V-2, and 12V-11 batteries. The circuit for adapting to 3V6 batteries is only used in this embodiment. Different types of batteries use the same output management module for adaptation and connection. Figure 3 In the diagram, 3V6_1+ serves as the positive output terminal of the adapter battery pack, and 3V6_1- serves as the negative output terminal of the adapter battery pack.

[0025] This invention, by setting at least two sets of parallel-connected output management modules, provides multiple independent charging channels, each capable of independent operation. This supports charging different types and specifications of batteries, simultaneously meeting the charging needs of various batteries and improving device compatibility and efficiency. Furthermore, the parallel operation of multiple channels significantly shortens the overall charging time, making it suitable for scenarios requiring simultaneous charging of multiple batteries. During charging, the control module can use voltage and current information fed back from the output management modules to determine if there is a short circuit or overcharging. If any abnormality is detected, the control module will control the output management modules to stop supplying power to the compatible battery pack, cutting off the power supply and responding promptly to ensure the safety of the device and batteries.

[0026] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0027] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-channel battery charging management circuit, characterized in that: include: The communication module is connected to the power input interface J1 and is used for signal transmission and reception communication. At least two sets of output management modules are provided in parallel. Each set of output management modules is connected to a corresponding adapter battery pack, and each set of output management modules is connected to the power input interface J1. The output management module is used to receive the voltage and current signals of the corresponding adapter battery pack, and to output the corresponding voltage and current to the adapter battery pack. The control module is connected to both the communication module and the output management module, and is used to receive voltage and current signals output by the output management module and control the output management module to supply power to the adapter battery pack.

2. The multi-channel battery charging management circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes a controller U1, which is an STM32F103XB microcontroller. Pins 1 and 2 of the power input interface J1 are connected to the negative terminal of the TVS diode D1, and pins 3 and 4 of the power input interface J1 are connected to the positive terminal of the TVS diode D1 and then grounded.

3. The multi-channel battery charging management circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output management module includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) U2, resistors R1-R13, capacitors C1-C7, diode D2, Zener diodes D3 and D4, MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, transistor Q3, and ADC M1. The ADC U2 uses an ADS1015 chip, and the ADC M1 uses a 3V6_MOD chip. One end of resistor R1 is connected to pin 46 of the controller U1, one end of resistor R2 is connected to pin 45 of the controller U1, the other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of capacitor C2 and then to pin 9 of the ADC U2, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to one end of capacitor C1 and then to the ADC M1. Pin 10 of the digital-to-digital converter U2 is connected to the ground via the other ends of capacitors C1 and C2. One end of capacitor C3 is connected to pin 1 of the analog-to-digital converter M1 and then to the input voltage VIN+. The other end of capacitor C3 is connected to pin 2 of the analog-to-digital converter M1 and then to the ground. One end of capacitor C7 is connected to pin 8 of the analog-to-digital converter U2 and then to a voltage of 3.3V. Pin 4 of the analog-to-digital converter M1 is connected to one end of capacitor C4 and the drain of MOSFET Q1. Pin 3 of the analog-to-digital converter M1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C4 and one end of resistors R3 and R4. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to one end of capacitor C5 and then to the ground. Pin 7 of the analog-to-digital converter U2 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D2 via the connection of one end of resistor R4, one end of resistor R5, and one end of resistor R6. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to pin 5 of the analog-to-digital converter U2 via the connection of one end of capacitor C5 and one end of capacitor C6. The other end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of resistors R7 and R8. The other end of capacitor C6 is connected to pin 4 of the analog-to-digital converter U2 via the connection of one end of resistor R7 and one end of resistor R8. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to one end of resistor R9 and the negative terminal of diode D2. The other end of resistor R9 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode D3 and the drain of MOSFET Q2. All terminals are connected in series. The positive terminal of the Zener diode D3 is grounded. The source of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the source of the MOSFET Q2, one end of the resistor R10, and the negative terminal of the Zener diode D4. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q2, the other end of the resistor R10, the positive terminal of the Zener diode D4, and one end of the resistor R11. The other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3. One end of the resistor R12 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3 and one end of the resistor R13. The other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q3 and then grounded. The other end of the resistor R12 is connected to pin 2 of the controller U1.

4. The multi-channel battery charging management circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication module includes a line transceiver U3, a diode D5, a transient voltage suppressor D6, a transistor Q4, resistors R14-R21, and capacitors C8 and C9. The line transceiver U3 uses a MAX481ESA+ chip, and the transient voltage suppressor D6 uses an SM712 device. One end of resistor R14 is connected to the cathode of diode D5 and then to pin 30 of controller U1. The other end of resistor R14 is connected to the anode of diode D5, one end of resistor C8, one end of resistor R15, and the base of transistor Q4. The other end of resistor C8 is connected to the other end of resistor R15 and the emitter of transistor Q4, and then grounded. The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to one end of resistor R16 and pins 2 and 3 of the line transceiver U3. Pins 1 and 4 of the line transceiver U3 are connected to pins 31 and 30 of the controller U1, respectively. The other end of the resistor R16 is connected to one end of the capacitor C9, pins 6, 7, and 8 of the line transceiver U3, and one end of resistors R17, R19, and R20. The other end of the capacitor C9 is grounded. Pin 5 of the line transceiver U3 is connected to pin 3 of the transient voltage suppressor D6 and then grounded. The other end of the resistor R17 is connected to one end of the resistor R18, one end of the resistor R21, and pin 1 of the transient voltage suppressor D6 and then connected to pin 7 of the power input interface J1. The other end of the resistor R18 is grounded. The other end of the resistor R19 is connected to the other end of the resistor R20, the other end of the resistor R21, and pin 2 of the transient voltage suppressor D6 and then connected to pin 6 of the power input interface J1.

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