IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator) driving protection circuit

By outputting complementary PWM signals through the drive control module and combining them with the power supply and discharge control modules, and using a circuit composed of components such as MOSFETs and resistors, the problem of high cost of IGBT drive protection circuits in the prior art is solved, and safe and economical IGBT control is achieved.

CN223502733UActive Publication Date: 2025-10-31SHANGHAI YINGTONG ELECTRIC
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202422640916.5
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-10-31
Publication Date
2025-10-31
Estimated Expiration
2034-10-31

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In existing IGBT drive protection circuits, using a microcontroller to control the conduction time and interval of the IGBT transistors is costly, and a more economical solution is needed.

Method used

The circuit structure utilizes a drive control module to output complementary PWM signals, combined with power supply and discharge control modules. It controls the conduction and cutoff of IGBT transistors through capacitor charging and disconnection signals, sets dead time delay, and employs components such as MOSFETs and resistors.

Benefits of technology

It achieves safe driving of IGBT tubes, ensures the dead time of the conduction interval, and has a simple structure and low cost.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator) driving protection circuit, which relates to the field of IGBTs, and comprises a driving control module for outputting two complementary PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals to a driving module, outputting a first PWM signal to a power supply area control module and outputting a second PWM signal to a discharge area control module; the power supply area control module is used for charging a capacitor based on a positive level signal of the first PWM signal after receiving the first PWM signal, and sending a first disconnection signal to the driving module when the capacitor is charged to a threshold value; compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that the driving control module is arranged to output PWM signals to control the conduction of the IGBT tube, the power supply area control module and the discharge area control module are arranged to set a certain dead zone time delay, the driving safety is ensured, the structure is simple, and the price is low.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of IGBTs, specifically an IGBT drive protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] When the converter is working, the upper and lower IGBTs on the same bridge arm inside the converter must have a certain dead time delay between the turn-on of one IGBT and the turn-off of the other.

[0003] Existing technical solutions use a microcontroller to control the conduction time and conduction interval of the upper and lower IGBTs. However, it is obvious that using a microcontroller is expensive and needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an IGBT drive protection circuit to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An IGBT drive protection circuit includes:

[0007] The drive control module is used to output two complementary PWM signals (the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal) to the drive module. The first PWM signal is output to the power supply area control module, and the second PWM signal is output to the discharge area control module.

[0008] The power supply control module is used to charge the capacitor based on the positive level signal of the first PWM signal after receiving the first PWM signal. When the capacitor is charged to the threshold, it sends a first disconnect signal to the drive module.

[0009] The discharge zone control module is used to charge the capacitor based on the positive level signal of the second PWM signal after receiving the second PWM signal. When the capacitor is charged to the threshold, it sends a second disconnect signal to the drive module.

[0010] The driver module is used to control the IGBT to turn on based on the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal, thereby driving the device to be driven to work; and to control the IGBT to turn off based on the first disconnect signal and the second disconnect signal.

[0011] The drive control module is connected to the power supply area control module, the discharge area control module, and the drive module. The power supply area control module is connected to the drive module, and the discharge area control module is connected to the drive module.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the drive control module includes a capacitor C1, a resistor R1, an inverter U1, and an inverter U2. The input terminal of the inverter U1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded. The output terminal of the inverter U1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, the input terminal of the inverter U2, the power supply area control module, and the drive module. The output terminal of the inverter U2 is connected to the discharge area control module and the drive module.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the power supply control module includes resistor R2, resistor R3, MOSFET V1, potentiometer RP1, capacitor C2, diode D1, diode D2, and MOSFET V2. One end of resistor R2 is connected to voltage VCC, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V1. The gate (G) of MOSFET V1 is connected to common point A1. The source (S) of MOSFET V1 is connected to one end of resistor R3. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to one end of potentiometer RP1. The other end of potentiometer RP1 is connected to one end of capacitor C2 and the anode of diode D1. The other end of capacitor C2 is grounded. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the cathode of diode D2. The anode of diode D2 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V2. The gate (G) of MOSFET V2 is connected to common point A1, and the source (S) of MOSFET V2 is connected to common point A2.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the discharge zone control module includes resistor R4, resistor R5, MOSFET V3, potentiometer RP2, capacitor C3, diode D3, diode D4, and MOSFET V4. One end of resistor R4 is connected to voltage VCC, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V2. The gate (G) of MOSFET V2 is connected to common point B1. The source (S) of MOSFET V2 is connected to one end of resistor R5. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to one end of potentiometer RP2. The other end of potentiometer RP2 is connected to one end of capacitor C3 and the anode of diode D3. The other end of capacitor C3 is grounded. The cathode of diode D3 is connected to the cathode of diode D4. The anode of diode D4 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V4. The gate (G) of MOSFET V4 is connected to common point B1, and the source (S) of MOSFET V4 is connected to common point B2.

[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the driving module includes MOSFET V5, MOSFET V6, IGBT V7, IGBT V8, and resistor R6. The source (S) of MOSFET V5 is connected to common point A1, the gate (G) of MOSFET V5 is connected to common point A2, the drain (D) of MOSFET V5 is connected to the gate of IGBT V7, the collector of IGBT V7 is connected to voltage VCC through resistor R6, the emitter of IGBT V7 is connected to the collector of the device to be driven, IGBT V8, the emitter of IGBT V8 is grounded, the gate of IGBT V8 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V6, the gate (G) of MOSFET V6 is connected to common point B2, and the source (S) of MOSFET V6 is connected to common point B1.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are: this utility model controls the conduction of IGBT tubes by setting the drive control module to output PWM signals, and sets a certain dead time delay by setting the power supply area control module and the discharge area control module to ensure drive safety. Moreover, it has a simple structure and low price. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an IGBT drive protection circuit.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the drive control module, the power supply area control module, and the discharge area control module.

[0019] Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram of the driver module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 An IGBT drive protection circuit includes:

[0022] The drive control module is used to output two complementary PWM signals (the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal) to the drive module. The first PWM signal is output to the power supply area control module, and the second PWM signal is output to the discharge area control module.

[0023] The power supply control module is used to charge the capacitor based on the positive level signal of the first PWM signal after receiving the first PWM signal. When the capacitor is charged to the threshold, it sends a first disconnect signal to the drive module.

[0024] The discharge zone control module is used to charge the capacitor based on the positive level signal of the second PWM signal after receiving the second PWM signal. When the capacitor is charged to the threshold, it sends a second disconnect signal to the drive module.

[0025] The driver module is used to control the IGBT to turn on based on the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal, thereby driving the device to be driven to work; and to control the IGBT to turn off based on the first disconnect signal and the second disconnect signal.

[0026] The drive control module is connected to the power supply area control module, the discharge area control module, and the drive module. The power supply area control module is connected to the drive module, and the discharge area control module is connected to the drive module.

[0027] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 2 The drive control module includes a capacitor C1, a resistor R1, an inverter U1, and an inverter U2. The input terminal of the inverter U1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded. The output terminal of the inverter U1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, the input terminal of the inverter U2, the power supply area control module, and the drive module. The output terminal of the inverter U2 is connected to the discharge area control module and the drive module.

[0028] Based on the characteristics of an inverter, the input and output levels are opposite, and the charging and discharging performance of a capacitor, when the output of inverter U1 is high, capacitor C1 charges; when the output of inverter U1 is low, capacitor C1 discharges. This process repeats, causing the output of inverter U1 to generate a PWM signal (the first PWM signal), which, after passing through inverter U2, generates a complementary PWM signal (the second PWM signal).

[0029] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 2The power supply control module includes resistor R2, resistor R3, MOSFET V1, potentiometer RP1, capacitor C2, diode D1, diode D2, and MOSFET V2. One end of resistor R2 is connected to voltage VCC, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V1. The gate (G) of MOSFET V1 is connected to common point A1. The source (S) of MOSFET V1 is connected to one end of resistor R3. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to one end of potentiometer RP1. The other end of potentiometer RP1 is connected to one end of capacitor C2 and the anode of diode D1. The other end of capacitor C2 is grounded. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the cathode of diode D2. The anode of diode D2 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V2. The gate (G) of MOSFET V2 is connected to common point A1, and the source (S) of MOSFET V2 is connected to common point A2.

[0030] When the first PWM signal is high during one cycle, MOSFET V1 is turned on, charging capacitor C2. When capacitor C2 is charged enough to turn on diode D2, MOSFET V2 outputs a high level, and common point A2 is high. After the high level ends in this cycle, common point A1 is low, MOSFET V2 is turned off, and common point A2 also becomes low. Common point A2 waits for the next cycle to briefly become high again.

[0031] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 2 The discharge zone control module includes resistor R4, resistor R5, MOSFET V3, potentiometer RP2, capacitor C3, diode D3, diode D4, and MOSFET V4. One end of resistor R4 is connected to voltage VCC, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V2. The gate (G) of MOSFET V2 is connected to common point B1. The source (S) of MOSFET V2 is connected to one end of resistor R5. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to one end of potentiometer RP2. The other end of potentiometer RP2 is connected to one end of capacitor C3 and the anode of diode D3. The other end of capacitor C3 is grounded. The cathode of diode D3 is connected to the cathode of diode D4. The anode of diode D4 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V4. The gate (G) of MOSFET V4 is connected to common point B1, and the source (S) of MOSFET V4 is connected to common point B2.

[0032] Its working principle is similar to that of the power supply area control module. When the second PWM signal is high during one cycle, the common point B2 will briefly become high before the high level ends.

[0033] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 3The driving module includes MOSFET V5, MOSFET V6, IGBT V7, IGBT V8, and resistor R6. The source (S) of MOSFET V5 is connected to common point A1, the gate (G) of MOSFET V5 is connected to common point A2, the drain (D) of MOSFET V5 is connected to the gate of IGBT V7, the collector of IGBT V7 is connected to voltage VCC through resistor R6, the emitter of IGBT V7 is connected to the collector of the device to be driven, IGBT V8, the emitter of IGBT V8 is grounded, the gate of IGBT V8 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V6, the gate (G) of MOSFET V6 is connected to common point B2, and the source (S) of MOSFET V6 is connected to common point B1.

[0034] During the driving process, when the first PWM signal is high, A1 is high and A2 is low. MOSFET V5 and IGBT V7 are turned on, and the voltage VCC drives the driven device through resistor R6 and IGBT V7. When the high level of the first PWM signal is about to end, the common point A2 becomes high, and IGBT V7 is turned off (this period is the dead time). When the high level of the first PWM signal ends, the second PWM signal starts to go high. Similarly, initially, B1 is high and B2 is low, and the voltage is discharged through IGBT V8. When the high level of the second PWM signal is about to end, the common point B2 becomes high, which is the dead time. When the high level of the second PWM signal ends, the first PWM signal goes high again, and so on, controlling IGBTs V7 and V8 to turn on intermittently. The dead time is set between the intermittent turns and can be adjusted by potentiometers RP1 and RP2.

[0035] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The drive control module outputs two complementary PWM signals (a first PWM signal and a second PWM signal) to the drive module. The first PWM signal is output to the power supply control module, and the second PWM signal is output to the discharge control module. After receiving the first PWM signal, the power supply control module charges the capacitor based on the positive level of the first PWM signal. When the capacitor is charged to a threshold, it sends a first disconnect signal to the drive module. After receiving the second PWM signal, the discharge control module charges the capacitor based on the positive level of the second PWM signal. When the capacitor is charged to a threshold, it sends a second disconnect signal to the drive module. The drive module controls the IGBT to turn on based on the first and second PWM signals, driving the driven device to work; and controls the IGBT to turn off based on the first and second disconnect signals.

[0036] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An IGBT drive protection circuit, characterized in that, The IGBT drive protection circuit includes: The drive control module outputs two complementary PWM signals to the drive module. The first PWM signal is output to the power supply area control module, and the second PWM signal is output to the discharge area control module. The power supply control module is used to charge the capacitor based on the positive level signal of the first PWM signal after receiving the first PWM signal. When the capacitor is charged to the threshold, it sends a first disconnect signal to the drive module. The discharge zone control module is used to charge the capacitor based on the positive level signal of the second PWM signal after receiving the second PWM signal. When the capacitor is charged to the threshold, it sends a second disconnect signal to the drive module. The driver module is used to control the IGBT to turn on based on the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal, thereby driving the device to be driven to work; and to control the IGBT to turn off based on the first disconnect signal and the second disconnect signal. The drive control module is connected to the power supply area control module, the discharge area control module, and the drive module. The power supply area control module is connected to the drive module, and the discharge area control module is connected to the drive module.

2. The IGBT drive protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive control module includes capacitor C1, resistor R1, inverter U1, and inverter U2. The input terminal of inverter U1 is connected to one end of capacitor C1 and one end of resistor R1, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded. The output terminal of inverter U1 is connected to the other end of resistor R1, the input terminal of inverter U2, the power supply area control module, and the drive module. The output terminal of inverter U2 is connected to the discharge area control module and the drive module.

3. The IGBT drive protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply control module includes resistor R2, resistor R3, MOSFET V1, potentiometer RP1, capacitor C2, diode D1, diode D2, and MOSFET V2. One end of resistor R2 is connected to voltage VCC, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V1. The gate (G) of MOSFET V1 is connected to common point A1. The source (S) of MOSFET V1 is connected to one end of resistor R3. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to one end of potentiometer RP1. The other end of potentiometer RP1 is connected to one end of capacitor C2 and the anode of diode D1. The other end of capacitor C2 is grounded. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the cathode of diode D2. The anode of diode D2 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V2. The gate (G) of MOSFET V2 is connected to common point A1, and the source (S) of MOSFET V2 is connected to common point A2.

4. The IGBT drive protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge zone control module includes resistor R4, resistor R5, MOSFET V3, potentiometer RP2, capacitor C3, diode D3, diode D4, and MOSFET V4. One end of resistor R4 is connected to voltage VCC, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V2. The gate (G) of MOSFET V2 is connected to common point B1. The source (S) of MOSFET V2 is connected to one end of resistor R5. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to one end of potentiometer RP2. The other end of potentiometer RP2 is connected to one end of capacitor C3 and the anode of diode D3. The other end of capacitor C3 is grounded. The cathode of diode D3 is connected to the cathode of diode D4. The anode of diode D4 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V4. The gate (G) of MOSFET V4 is connected to common point B1, and the source (S) of MOSFET V4 is connected to common point B2.

5. The IGBT drive protection circuit according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The driving module includes MOSFET V5, MOSFET V6, IGBT V7, IGBT V8, and resistor R6. The source (S) of MOSFET V5 is connected to common point A1, the gate (G) of MOSFET V5 is connected to common point A2, the drain (D) of MOSFET V5 is connected to the gate of IGBT V7, the collector of IGBT V7 is connected to voltage VCC through resistor R6, the emitter of IGBT V7 is connected to the collector of the device to be driven, IGBT V8, the emitter of IGBT V8 is grounded, the gate of IGBT V8 is connected to the drain (D) of MOSFET V6, the gate (G) of MOSFET V6 is connected to common point B2, and the source (S) of MOSFET V6 is connected to common point B1.