On-line antenna feeder monitoring equipment based on coaxial cable

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna feeder on-line monitoring device based on a coaxial cable, comprising a master control device and a slave control device which are connected through a feeder line, the master control device and the slave control device are both powered by a power supply device, the feeder line adopts the coaxial cable, the other end of the master control device is connected with a transceiver, and the other end of the transceiver is connected with an antenna. The antenna feeder is used for testing and controlling, acquiring antenna feeder working state data information at the transceiver end and transmitting the antenna feeder working state data information to the remote monitoring terminal; the other end of the slave control device is connected with the transceiver antenna, and the slave control device receives commands of the master control device through the coaxial cable, collects working state data information of the transceiver antenna and transmits the working state data information to the remote monitoring terminal. The antenna feeder on-line monitoring equipment based on the coaxial cable adopts a whole set of automatic signal acquisition and processing equipment, can monitor scattered station antenna feeder systems, realizes communication radio frequency link monitoring and whole-process automatic recording of operation data, and provides effective support for station duty and operation and maintenance management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables. Background Technology

[0002] Shortwave communication stations typically have a dozen or even dozens of outdoor shortwave antennas, responsible for transmitting and receiving shortwave signals in various directions. Shortwave antennas generally operate at high frequencies of 1.5MHz to 30MHz, corresponding to relatively large shortwave wavelengths (wavelength: 200m to 10m). Therefore, outdoor shortwave antennas are large in size, installed in remote locations, and the coaxial feeder from the antenna tower to the equipment room can be tens or even hundreds of meters long, usually buried underground. Shortwave antenna feeder systems often suffer from deterioration in VSWR due to aging, corrosion, lightning strikes, physical damage, or loose connectors, leading to reduced communication efficiency or even complete malfunction. Traditionally, station maintenance relies mainly on regular manual inspections to identify problems. Testing often requires manual climbing of the antenna tower, which is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive under harsh conditions. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing an online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables, which can solve the problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive manual periodic inspections, lack of automated management, and low work efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution as follows: An online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables is provided, comprising a master control device and a slave control device connected via a feeder. Both the master control device and the slave control device are powered by a power supply. The feeder is a coaxial cable. The other end of the master control device is connected to a transceiver for testing and control, and for collecting antenna feeder operating status data at the transceiver and transmitting it to a remote monitoring terminal. The other end of the slave control device is connected to a transceiver antenna. The slave control device receives commands from the master control device via the coaxial cable, collects transceiver antenna operating status data, and transmits it to the remote monitoring terminal.

[0005] In another embodiment of this utility model, the main control device includes a main signal switching unit, a main coupler unit, a main antenna test unit, a main controller unit, and a main power supply unit. The F terminal of the main signal switching unit is connected to a transceiver, its G terminal is connected to the main antenna test unit, and its E terminal is connected to the B terminal of the main coupler unit to transmit radio frequency signals. The A terminal of the main coupler unit is connected to a feed line, its D terminal is connected to the main power supply unit for power supply, and its C terminal is connected to the main controller unit for control to transmit data signals. The other end of the main controller unit is connected to the main antenna test unit for control. The main coupler unit is used to couple the radio frequency signal input from the B terminal, the data signal input from the C terminal, and the power supply voltage signal input from the D terminal to the A terminal and then transmit them through the feed line.

[0006] In another embodiment of this utility model, the slave control device includes a slave coupler unit, a slave signal switching unit, a slave antenna test unit, a slave controller unit, and a slave power supply unit. The B terminal of the slave coupler unit is connected to the feed line to separate its input mixed signal into radio frequency signal, data signal, and power supply voltage signal, and output them from terminals A, C, and D respectively. Its A terminal is connected to the F terminal of the slave signal switching unit, its D terminal is connected to the slave power supply unit, and its C terminal is connected to the slave controller unit. The other end of the slave controller unit is connected to the slave antenna test unit. The other end of the antenna test unit is connected to the G terminal of the slave signal switching unit. The E terminal of the signal switching unit is used to connect to the antenna.

[0007] In another embodiment of this utility model, both the main coupler unit and the slave coupler unit include a first filter and a second filter. The input terminal of the first filter of the main coupler unit is used to connect to a transceiver, and its output terminal is connected to a feed line through a DC blocking capacitor. The input terminal of the first filter of the slave coupler unit is connected to the feed line through a DC blocking capacitor, and its output terminal is used to connect to an antenna. The input terminal of the second filter is connected to the feed line connection terminal of the first filter, and its output terminal is connected to the corresponding main controller unit or slave controller unit. Both the main coupler unit and the slave coupler unit are connected to the corresponding main power supply unit or slave power supply unit through a choke.

[0008] In another embodiment of this utility model, the first filter is a low-pass filter and the second filter is a high-pass filter.

[0009] In another embodiment of this utility model, both the main signal switching unit and the slave signal switching unit employ high-performance radio frequency switches to control whether the corresponding antenna test unit operates.

[0010] In another embodiment of this utility model, both the main antenna test unit and the slave antenna test unit include a test signal source, a frequency domain reflectometer circuit, a signal amplitude comparison detection circuit, and a control circuit. The control terminal of the test signal source is connected to the control circuit, and its output terminal is connected to the signal input terminal of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit. The test signal input terminal of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit is connected to the corresponding signal switching unit. The reference signal output terminal and the reflected signal output terminal of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit are both connected to the input terminal of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit. The output terminal of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit is connected to the control circuit.

[0011] In another embodiment of this utility model, both the main control unit and the slave control unit include a controller and a radio frequency data transmission unit connected to each other. The radio frequency output port of the radio frequency data transmission unit is connected to a corresponding coupler unit, and the control port of the controller of the main control unit is connected to a remote monitoring terminal.

[0012] In another embodiment of this utility model, the main control unit sends control commands to the slave control unit via a coaxial cable. The slave control unit receives the commands from the main control unit and controls the antenna test unit to collect antenna operating status data information, which is then transmitted to the remote monitoring terminal via a coaxial cable.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model, an online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables, employs a complete set of automated signal acquisition and processing equipment. It can monitor distributed antenna feeder systems at various stations, achieving automatic recording of communication radio frequency link monitoring and operational data throughout the entire process, providing effective support for station duty, operation, and maintenance management. The online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables has remote networking capabilities, enabling both local operation and remote centralized control and monitoring via a dedicated network. When this equipment is configured at grassroots transceiver stations, higher-level departments can remotely monitor and centrally control the station's transmission status and antenna performance in real time, without being limited by geographical distribution, effectively improving the level of online scheduling and operation control management. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of the main control device in this embodiment;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of the slave control device in this embodiment;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of the coupler unit in this embodiment;

[0018] Figure 5This is a schematic block diagram of the antenna test unit in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic block diagram of the main control unit in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the control unit in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 The diagram shows the principle block diagram of the online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to this utility model. As shown in the diagram, the device includes a master control device and a slave control device connected by a feeder. Both the master control device and the slave control device are powered by a power supply. The feeder is a coaxial cable. The other end of the master control device is connected to a transceiver for testing and control, and to collect antenna feeder operating status data at the transceiver, and then transmit the data to a remote monitoring terminal. The other end of the slave control device is connected to the transceiver antenna through the antenna feed port. The slave control device receives commands from the master control device and collects transceiver antenna operating status data through the coaxial cable, and then transmits it to the remote monitoring terminal through the coaxial cable and the master control device. The power supply provides DC power to the master control device and remotely powers the slave control device through the coaxial cable.

[0024] This utility model relates to an online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables. The main control unit is connected in series between the transceiver and the feeder, while the slave control unit is connected in series between the antenna feed port and the feeder. This allows for the acquisition, transmission, and monitoring of real-time antenna power transmission, real-time antenna VSWR, and feeder operating status data. Data transmission and device power supply are achieved via coaxial cable. This eliminates the need to climb antenna towers or lower antenna masts, enabling remote, all-weather performance measurements of the antenna feeder. This ensures the antenna meets its design specifications and allows for the detection of cable, connector, and antenna-related problems before performance degradation occurs, solving the problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive antenna testing and fault finding.

[0025] Further optimization, such as Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the main control device. As can be seen from the diagram, the device includes a main signal switching unit, a main coupler unit, a main antenna test unit, a main controller unit, and a main power supply unit. The F terminal of the main signal switching unit is connected to the transceiver, its G terminal is connected to the main antenna test unit, and its E terminal is connected to the B terminal of the main coupler unit to transmit radio frequency signals. The A terminal of the main coupler unit is connected to the feed line, its D terminal is connected to the main power supply unit for power supply, and its C terminal is connected to the main controller unit for control to transmit data signals. The other end of the main controller unit is connected to the main antenna test unit for control. The main coupler unit is used to couple the radio frequency signal input from the B terminal, the data signal input from the C terminal, and the power supply voltage signal input from the D terminal to the A terminal and then transmit them through the feed line.

[0026] Preferably, such as Figure 3 The diagram shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the slave control device. As shown in the diagram, the device includes a slave coupler unit, a slave signal switching unit, a slave antenna test unit, a slave controller unit, and a slave power supply unit. The B terminal of the slave coupler unit is connected to the feed line to separate the mixed input signal into a radio frequency signal, a data signal, and a power supply voltage signal, which are output from terminals A, C, and D, respectively. Terminal A is connected to terminal F of the slave signal switching unit, terminal D is connected to the slave power supply unit, and terminal C is connected to the slave controller unit. The other end of the slave controller unit is connected to the slave antenna test unit. The other end of the antenna test unit is connected to terminal G of the slave signal switching unit. Terminal E of the slave signal switching unit is used to connect to the antenna.

[0027] Preferably, in this embodiment, the master coupler unit and the slave coupler unit adopt the same structural composition, such as... Figure 4 The diagram shows the principle structure of an embodiment of the coupler unit. As shown in the diagram, both the main coupler unit and the slave coupler unit include a first filter and a second filter. The first filter of the main coupler unit is used to mix the required radio frequency signals. Its input terminal is connected to the transceiver via the main signal switching unit, and its output terminal is connected to the feed line via a DC blocking capacitor. The first filter of the slave coupler unit is used to separate the required radio frequency signals. Its input terminal is connected to the feed line via a DC blocking capacitor, and its output terminal is connected to the antenna via a slave signal switching unit. The aforementioned DC blocking capacitors are used to isolate DC voltage. The second filter is used to separate or mix the required data signals. Its input terminal is connected to the feed line connection terminal of the first filter, and its output terminal is connected to the corresponding main controller unit or slave controller unit. Both the main coupler unit and the slave coupler unit are connected to the corresponding main power supply unit or slave power supply unit via chokes. The chokes are used to separate or mix DC voltage.

[0028] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first filter is a low-pass filter and the second filter is a high-pass filter. The first filter and the second filter are connected, and the first filter combines the radio frequency signal operating on the first carrier with the data signal of the second carrier filtered out by the second filter to form a mixed signal consisting of a data signal and a radio frequency signal. Furthermore, in order to effectively separate the mixed signal after transmission via coaxial cable, the first carrier frequency and the second carrier frequency are located in two frequency bands with a large difference, and the first carrier frequency is lower than the second carrier frequency.

[0029] Preferably, both the main signal switching unit and the slave signal switching unit in this embodiment employ high-performance RF switches to control whether the corresponding main antenna test unit or slave antenna test unit operates. When the transceiver is operating normally, transmitting or receiving external signals, the corresponding antenna test unit disconnects from the antenna feeder or feed line via the RF switch, and the antenna test unit does not operate. However, when the transceiver is receiving external signals or the transceiver is not transmitting signals, the antenna test unit can connect to the antenna feeder or feed line via the RF switch and control the corresponding antenna test unit to operate.

[0030] Preferably, the main antenna test unit and the slave antenna test unit in this embodiment adopt the same structural composition, such as... Figure 5 The diagram shows the principle structure of an embodiment of the antenna test unit. As shown in the diagram, the antenna test unit includes a test signal source, a frequency domain reflectometer circuit, a signal amplitude comparison detection circuit, and a control circuit. The control terminal of the test signal source is connected to the control circuit, and its output terminal is connected to the signal input terminal of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit. The test signal input terminal of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit is connected to the corresponding signal switching unit. The reference signal output terminal and the reflected signal output terminal of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit are both connected to the input terminal of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit. The output terminal of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit is connected to the control circuit.

[0031] Preferably, the frequency domain reflectometer circuit in this embodiment employs a dual directional coupler. This dual directional coupler consists of two highly directional (D > 35dB) directional couplers forming a four-port signal analysis circuit. Its working principle is based on the transmission line transformer principle. In the dual directional coupler, there is one through channel and two coupling channels. The outputs of the two coupling channels correspond to the coupling output port and the isolation output port, respectively. When the signal from the test signal source enters from input port A, it is divided into two parts. One part outputs a reference signal from the coupling output port C through the first coupling channel, and the other part outputs from port B through the through channel. It is then connected to the antenna feeder under test via the RF switch of the signal switching device. The signal reflected by the antenna feeder re-enters the coupler from port B and outputs a reflected signal from the isolation output port D through the second coupling channel. The reference signal and the reflected signal are simultaneously input to the signal amplitude ratio detection circuit for processing. The signal amplitude ratio detection circuit calculates the complex domain ratio of the two signals and inputs the result to the control circuit.

[0032] Preferably, the antenna test unit in this embodiment further includes a filtering circuit connected in series between the test signal source and the reference signal input terminal of the dual directional coupler, for filtering the signal output by the test signal source, which can effectively suppress interference such as harmonics and image frequencies of the signal, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

[0033] Preferably, the antenna test unit in this embodiment further includes a calibration circuit connected to the control circuit. This circuit is used to calibrate the antenna test equipment. During measurement, the measured load reflection parameters are compared with the calibration data in the memory to obtain the coefficients of each error term, thereby completing error elimination.

[0034] Preferably, the antenna test unit in this embodiment further includes a storage unit and a communication unit connected to the control circuit, so as to store the processed data and transmit it to the back-end antenna feeder online monitoring terminal through the communication unit.

[0035] Preferably, the signal amplitude ratio detection circuit in this embodiment uses an integrated circuit chip to output the amplitude ratio and phase difference of the two input signals as a voltage signal.

[0036] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 The diagram shows the principle block diagram of the main controller unit and the slave controller unit in this embodiment. As shown in the diagram, both the main controller unit and the slave controller unit include a controller and a radio frequency data transmission unit connected to each other. The radio frequency output port of the radio frequency data transmission unit is connected to the corresponding coupler unit. In addition, the control port of the controller of the main controller unit is connected to the remote monitoring terminal. In this embodiment, the controller uses an MCU processor, and the radio frequency data transmission unit uses a wireless data transmission module operating on the second carrier.

[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, the main controller unit sends control commands to the slave controller unit via a coaxial cable. The slave controller unit receives the commands from the main controller unit and controls the antenna test unit to collect antenna operating status data information, which is then transmitted to the remote monitoring terminal via a coaxial cable.

[0038] The functions of the online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables of this utility model are as follows:

[0039] (1) Real-time acquisition and monitoring of indicators such as voltage standing wave ratio and reflection coefficient (amplitude and phase) of antenna feeder system and antenna.

[0040] (2) Feeder insertion loss measurement function: It can perform online measurement of feeder insertion loss, understand the performance changes of antenna feeder based on the cable loss of antenna feeder, judge the antenna performance based on the data, and provide a basis for judgment for testing and maintenance.

[0041] (3) The forward transmission power, frequency and reverse transmission power of the antenna are collected and monitored in real time. It can monitor the distributed antenna feeder system of the station, realize the monitoring of communication radio frequency links and automatic recording of operation data throughout the process, and provide effective support for station duty, operation and maintenance management.

[0042] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the content of this application specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables, characterized in that, The system includes a master control device and a slave control device connected via a feeder. Both the master control device and the slave control device are powered by a power supply. The feeder is a coaxial cable. The other end of the master control device is connected to a transceiver for testing and control, and for collecting antenna feeder operating status data at the transceiver and transmitting it to a remote monitoring terminal. The other end of the slave control device is connected to a transceiver antenna. The slave control device receives commands from the master control device via the coaxial cable, collects transceiver antenna operating status data, and transmits it to the remote monitoring terminal.

2. The online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control device includes a main signal switching unit, a main coupler unit, a main antenna test unit, a main controller unit, and a main power supply unit. The F terminal of the main signal switching unit is connected to a transceiver, its G terminal is connected to the main antenna test unit, and its E terminal is connected to the B terminal of the main coupler unit to transmit radio frequency signals. The A terminal of the main coupler unit is connected to the feed line, its D terminal is connected to the main power supply unit for power supply, and its C terminal is connected to the main controller unit for control to transmit data signals. The other end of the main controller unit is connected to the main antenna test unit for control. The main coupler unit is used to couple the radio frequency signal input from the B terminal, the data signal input from the C terminal, and the power supply voltage signal input from the D terminal to the A terminal and then transmit them through the feed line.

3. The online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slave control device includes a slave coupler unit, a slave signal switching unit, a slave antenna test unit, a slave controller unit, and a slave power supply unit. The B terminal of the slave coupler unit is connected to the feed line to separate its input mixed signal into radio frequency signal, data signal, and power supply voltage signal, which are output from terminals A, C, and D respectively. Its A terminal is connected to the F terminal of the slave signal switching unit, its D terminal is connected to the slave power supply unit, and its C terminal is connected to the slave controller unit. The other end of the slave controller unit is connected to the slave antenna test unit. The other end of the antenna test unit is connected to the G terminal of the slave signal switching unit. The E terminal of the slave signal switching unit is used to connect to the antenna.

4. The online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the main coupler unit and the slave coupler unit include a first filter and a second filter. The input terminal of the first filter of the main coupler unit is used to connect to the transceiver, and its output terminal is connected to the feed line through a DC blocking capacitor. The input terminal of the first filter of the slave coupler unit is connected to the feed line through a DC blocking capacitor, and its output terminal is used to connect to the antenna. The input terminal of the second filter is connected to the feed line connection terminal of the first filter, and its output terminal is connected to the corresponding main controller unit or slave controller unit. Both the main coupler unit and the slave coupler unit are connected to the corresponding main power supply unit or slave power supply unit through a choke.

5. The online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first filter is a low-pass filter, and the second filter is a high-pass filter.

6. The online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the master signal switching unit and the slave signal switching unit employ high-performance radio frequency switches to control whether the corresponding antenna test unit is operational.

7. The online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the main antenna test unit and the slave antenna test unit include a test signal source, a frequency domain reflectometer circuit, a signal amplitude comparison detection circuit, and a control circuit. The control terminal of the test signal source is connected to the control circuit, and its output terminal is connected to the signal input terminal of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit. The test signal input terminal of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit is connected to the corresponding signal switching unit. The reference signal output terminal and the reflected signal output terminal of the frequency domain reflectometer circuit are both connected to the input terminal of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit. The output terminal of the signal amplitude comparison detection circuit is connected to the control circuit.

8. The online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the main controller unit and the slave controller unit include a controller and an RF data transmission unit that are connected to each other. The RF output port of the RF data transmission unit is connected to the corresponding coupler unit, and the control port of the controller of the main controller unit is connected to the remote monitoring terminal.

9. The online monitoring device for antenna feeders based on coaxial cables according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main controller unit sends control commands to the slave controller unit via a coaxial cable. The slave controller unit receives the commands from the main controller unit and controls the antenna test unit to collect antenna operating status data, which is then transmitted to the remote monitoring terminal via a coaxial cable.

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