Rain field simulation spraying device capable of being detached and hung

Abstract

The utility model provides a detachable and hangable simulated rain field spraying device, which relates to the field of railway equipment calibration and comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle and simulated rain field spraying equipment carried on the unmanned aerial vehicle. The simulated rain field spraying equipment comprises a water tank, a water pump and a raindrop generator, the water tank is communicated with a first water pipe, the first water pipe is connected with a water inlet of the water pump, a water outlet of the water pump is connected with a second water pipe, the second water pipe is communicated with the raindrop generator, and the raindrop generator comprises at least one nozzle. The device has the advantages that a directional spraying simulation rain field can be established on the use site of the rain gauge, and comparison and calibration of the rain gauge are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway equipment calibration, and in particular to a detachable simulated rain spraying device. Background Technology

[0002] Rain gauges in railway meteorological disaster monitoring systems are used to monitor rainfall and trigger speed limits. To ensure accurate and reliable measurement, they must be calibrated regularly. Currently, calibration requires establishing a simulated rain field in a laboratory, which presents the following main problems: 1. The laboratory requires a high floor (over 18 meters) and a large area (over 100 square meters), resulting in a long construction period, high costs, and difficulties in daily maintenance; 2. Transporting rain gauges to the laboratory requires climbing and disassembling them, affecting normal use or increasing costs for replacement parts, which is both time-consuming and labor-intensive, and also poses operational safety risks; 3. The simulated rain field spraying devices in large laboratories are fixedly installed on buildings. Since they are mainly used for water and soil-related research and focus on controlling the macroscopic mechanical properties of the simulated rain field, the simulation of the microscopic properties of raindrops is relatively simple and lacks flexibility in parameter adjustment.

[0003] Therefore, a detachable simulated rain field spraying device is needed to establish a directional spraying simulated rain field at the rain gauge usage site, which facilitates rain gauge comparison and calibration. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a detachable simulated rain spraying device, including a drone and a simulated rain spraying device mounted on the drone; the simulated rain spraying device includes a water tank, a water pump and a raindrop generator, wherein the water tank is conductively connected to a first water pipe, the first water pipe is connected to the inlet of the water pump, the outlet of the water pump is connected to a second water pipe, the second water pipe is conductively connected to the raindrop generator, and the raindrop generator includes at least one nozzle.

[0005] Furthermore, the drone is also equipped with an environmental monitoring component, which includes at least a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.

[0006] Furthermore, the water tank is connected to the chassis of the drone by bolts, and a shock-absorbing pad is provided between the water tank and the drone.

[0007] Furthermore, the drone is equipped with an angle adjustment component, which is used to adjust the angle of the nozzle.

[0008] Furthermore, the drone is also equipped with an obstacle detection component.

[0009] Furthermore, the drone is also equipped with a positioning component.

[0010] Furthermore, the drone is also equipped with a dual-axis gimbal camera.

[0011] Furthermore, the drone is also equipped with a processor and a wireless communication component. The output terminals of the environmental monitoring component, the obstacle monitoring component, the positioning component, and the dual-axis gimbal camera are all electrically connected to the input terminal of the processor, and the output terminal of the processor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the wireless communication component.

[0012] Furthermore, the drone is equipped with a cabin, which houses a battery, the positioning component, the processor, and a wireless communication component. The battery powers the water pump, the environmental monitoring component, the positioning component, the dual-axis gimbal camera, the processor, and the wireless communication component. The drone is also equipped with a junction box and conduit, and the wiring for the environmental monitoring component, the obstacle monitoring component, the positioning component, the dual-axis gimbal camera, and the processor is located within the junction box and conduit.

[0013] Furthermore, the water level monitoring component includes a water level sensor, a voltage comparator, a NOT gate, a transistor, and an alarm. The water level sensor is installed inside the water tank. The output terminal of the water level sensor is electrically connected to the non-inverting phase of the voltage comparator. The inverting phase of the voltage comparator receives a reference voltage. The voltage comparator is electrically connected to the input terminal of the NOT gate. The output terminal of the NOT gate is electrically connected to the base of the transistor. The transistor is connected in series between the power supply and the alarm.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the detachable simulated rain spraying device provided by this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Flexibility and Convenience: By mounting the simulated rain field spraying equipment on a drone, a directional spraying simulated rain field can be quickly established at the rain gauge application site. This design avoids the limitation of traditional methods that require establishing a simulated rain field in a large and spacious laboratory, greatly improving the flexibility and convenience of calibration work.

[0016] 2. Reduced costs: Eliminating the need for expensive laboratory facilities reduces construction time and expenses. It also avoids the hassle of transporting rain gauges between the laboratory and the field, lowering transportation costs and operational safety risks.

[0017] 3. Improved calibration efficiency: Drones can quickly reach designated locations and rapidly set up simulated rain fields, thus shortening the preparation time for calibration work. Furthermore, since calibration can be performed directly on-site, time wasted due to equipment disassembly and transportation is reduced, improving calibration efficiency.

[0018] 4. Diversity of simulated raindrop characteristics: While traditional simulated rain fields offer good control over macroscopic mechanical properties, they are relatively limited in simulating the microscopic characteristics of raindrops. This detachable simulated rain field spraying device, however, can more flexibly simulate raindrop characteristics with different natural properties (e.g., raindrop kinetic energy, raindrop diameter, and median raindrop distribution) by adjusting the parameters of the raindrop generator (such as nozzle combination and water pressure), thus meeting a wider range of calibration needs.

[0019] 5. High adaptability: The drone-borne design allows the simulated rain spraying device to adapt to various complex environments, including hard-to-reach or space-constrained locations. This provides more possibilities for rain gauge calibration, especially for calibration needs in remote areas or special environments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] This specification will be further described by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting; in these embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same structures, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a detachable simulated rain spraying device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a detachable simulated rain spraying device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0023] In the picture, 1 is a drone; 2 is a water tank; and 3 is a nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments in this specification, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, these drawings can be applied to other similar scenarios without creative effort. Unless obvious from the context or otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structures or operations.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a detachable simulated rain spraying device according to some embodiments of this specification, such as... Figure 1As shown, a detachable simulated rain spraying device may include a drone 1 and a simulated rain spraying device mounted on the drone 1. The simulated rain spraying device includes a water tank 2, a water pump, and a raindrop generator. The water tank 2 is connected to a first water pipe, which is connected to the inlet of the water pump. The outlet of the water pump is connected to a second water pipe, which is connected to the raindrop generator. The raindrop generator includes at least one nozzle 3. The water pump draws liquid from the water tank 2 according to preset parameters. After passing through a shut-off valve, the liquid is pressurized by the water pump and delivered to the raindrop generator, where it is evenly sprayed from the nozzle 3 to create a rain effect.

[0026] Water tank 2 is securely mounted at the center of drone 1 or near a suitable center of gravity. A high-strength aluminum alloy frame is used, and water tank 2 is connected to the drone 1 fuselage via bolts and shock-absorbing pads. This ensures the stability of water tank 2 while minimizing the impact of vibrations during flight on both water tank 2 and drone 1. The rain generator needs to be strategically installed below drone 1; for example, a four-phase nozzle 3 can be evenly positioned below water tank 2. Test flights have confirmed that the rainfall coverage area is approximately 0.5m. 2 An angle adjustment component was installed on UAV 1 to adjust the angle of nozzle 3. This allows for flexible adjustment of the spray direction of nozzle 3 based on different operational scenarios and wind directions, achieving the best rain simulation effect. Considering the issue of excessive energy consumption due to heavy load on UAV 1 during rainfall simulation operations, the battery system of UAV 1 was modified to use a battery with longer battery life, higher quality, higher performance, and greater safety and stability. After testing, UAV 1 achieved an unloaded hovering time of 35 minutes and a fully loaded hovering time of 8.5 minutes, meeting the time requirements for on-site verification. A reserve battery compartment was also provided for timely battery replacement during operation.

[0027] The main design parameters for simulating a rain field are rainfall uniformity, rainfall intensity, raindrop kinetic energy, raindrop diameter, and median raindrop distribution. For a multi-nozzle raindrop generator, adjusting the rainfall intensity requires changing the nozzles 3 with different orifice diameters.

[0028] Simulated rainfall intensity control is mainly achieved by adjusting the flow rate and controlling the pressure. Looking at the two different methods of raindrop generators, the simulation device using nozzle 3 as the raindrop generator primarily achieves different rainfall intensities by selecting different nozzle combinations and different nozzle diameters.

[0029] A key criterion for determining whether simulated rainfall is similar to natural rainfall is the similarity of raindrop kinetic energy; that is, the velocity of raindrops reaching the ground in a simulated rainfall event must be similar to the terminal velocity of raindrops in natural rainfall. The size distribution of natural raindrops fluctuates between 0 and 6 mm, with corresponding terminal velocities of 2 to 9 m / s. Over 90% of raindrops require a corresponding landing height of 7 to 9 m. Natural rainfall raindrops typically have a diameter between 0.1 and 6.0 mm. To ensure that all raindrops of different sizes reach their corresponding terminal velocities, a minimum landing height of at least 20.0 m is required. If only 95% of raindrops need to reach their corresponding terminal velocities, the minimum landing height can be reduced to 7.0 to 9.0 m. Downspray nozzles with initial velocity can achieve terminal velocities of 2 to 9 m / s for raindrops of different diameters when the rainfall height reaches 2 m. Furthermore, regardless of the rainfall type, large raindrops are relatively few, while small raindrops are more numerous. For example, in a heavy rain with a rainfall intensity of 10 mm / h, raindrops with a diameter greater than 1.5 mm account for less than 2%. Therefore, the installation height of the sprinkler head 3 only needs to ensure that larger raindrops can approach their terminal velocity when they hit the ground. The optimal installation height of the sprinkler head 3 varies depending on the application scenario: approximately 1.5-2 m for small indoor applications; 5-6 m for general outdoor urban simulated rain fields; 8-10 m for outdoor simulated rain fields; and 10-15 m for ultra-large outdoor extreme rainfall simulated rain fields.

[0030] Drone 1 needs to be equipped with simulated rain spraying equipment, based on the detection of heavy rainfall points (i.e., rainfall intensity of 4 mm / min lasting for more than 5 minutes, with a rainfall coverage area of ​​approximately 0.5 m²). 2 The estimated volumetric payload capacity is around 30-50 liters. This payload capacity is fundamental to ensuring the proper functioning of these devices. If the drone's payload is insufficient, it may be unable to accommodate a water tank of sufficient capacity, leading to frequent water replenishment and impacting operational efficiency; or it may be unable to carry complete monitoring and control equipment, affecting the accurate measurement of rainfall intensity, amount, and other data.

[0031] Preferably, the UAV 1 needs to be able to monitor the meteorological environment in real time (such as wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, etc.). Because the meteorological environment has a direct impact on the rainfall simulation effect, excessive wind speed will cause raindrops to scatter, affecting the range and uniformity of the rain field; geographical environmental factors are related to the flight safety of the UAV 1. Therefore, the UAV 1 is also equipped with environmental monitoring components, which include at least a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.

[0032] Preferably, the UAV 1 is also equipped with an obstacle monitoring component. For example, the obstacle monitoring component may include a ground-following radar (altitude range 0.6m to 12m, altitude measurement accuracy 0.1m) and an omnidirectional obstacle avoidance radar (range measurement accuracy 0.05m, range 1 to 30m). These sensors can more comprehensively perceive obstacles in the surrounding environment, improving the accuracy and reliability of obstacle avoidance.

[0033] Preferably, the UAV 1 is also equipped with a positioning component. For example, the positioning component may include an RTK positioning device, installed near the center of the UAV 1 to reduce signal interference from surrounding equipment. This ensures that the RTK positioning device's antenna can effectively receive satellite signals and maintain a stable connection with the UAV 1's flight control system, achieving a positioning accuracy of 10cm convergence within 10 minutes. This is extremely helpful in determining and stabilizing the simulated rainfall center location.

[0034] Preferably, the drone 1 is also equipped with a dual-axis gimbal camera. For example, the dual-axis gimbal camera may include a 720p resolution, low-light camera with a wide dynamic range, mounted on the dual-axis gimbal and fixed below the water tank 2 at the bottom of the drone 1. The dual-axis gimbal can rotate flexibly in both horizontal and vertical directions. Through precise motor control, it can quickly adjust the camera's shooting angle, effectively expanding the field of view and ensuring full coverage of the work area below, accurately capturing various image details. If there is a positional shift during the verification process, it can be visually displayed and manually adjusted.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a detachable simulated rain spraying device according to some embodiments of this specification, such as... Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the UAV 1 is also equipped with a processor and a wireless communication component. The output terminals of the environmental monitoring component, the obstacle monitoring component, the positioning component, and the dual-axis gimbal camera are all electrically connected to the input terminal of the processor. The output terminal of the processor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the wireless communication component to realize wireless data transmission.

[0036] Preferably, the drone 1 is equipped with a cabin containing a battery, positioning components, a processor, and a wireless communication component. This prevents the drone from being affected by leaks or liquid spraying from the water tank 2. The battery powers the water pump, environmental monitoring components, positioning components, dual-axis gimbal camera, processor, and wireless communication component. The drone 1 is also equipped with a junction box and conduit. The wiring for the environmental monitoring components, obstacle monitoring components, positioning components, dual-axis gimbal camera, and processor is housed within the junction box and conduit, ensuring neat and safe wiring.

[0037] Preferably, a water level monitoring component is installed inside the water tank 2. The water level monitoring component includes a water level sensor, a voltage comparator, a NOT gate, a transistor, and an alarm. The water level sensor is installed inside the water tank 2. The output terminal of the water level sensor is electrically connected to the non-inverting phase of the voltage comparator. The inverting phase of the voltage comparator is input with a reference voltage. The input terminal of the voltage comparator is electrically connected to the NOT gate. The output terminal of the NOT gate is electrically connected to the base of the transistor. The transistor is connected in series between the power supply and the alarm.

[0038] Specifically, a water level sensor is installed inside water tank 2 to monitor water level changes in real time and output a corresponding electrical signal. A voltage comparator receives the output signal from the water level sensor and compares it with a preset reference voltage. A NOT gate inverts the output signal of the voltage comparator. A transistor acts as an electronic switch, connected in series between the power supply and the alarm to control the alarm's on / off state. The alarm is used to issue a warning when the water level is abnormal. The water level sensor is installed near the bottom of water tank 2 or at a preset low water level position so that it can detect when the water level in water tank 2 decreases to that position. The voltage comparator receives the output signal from the water level sensor, which decreases as the water level drops. If the output signal voltage of the water level sensor is lower than the reference voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a low-level signal, indicating that the remaining water in water tank 2 is too low. The NOT gate inverts the input signal; that is, if the input is high, the output is low; if the input is low, the output is high. When the NOT gate outputs a high level, the transistor changes from the cutoff state to the saturation state, allowing current to flow through the transistor to the alarm. Upon receiving the current, the alarm issues a warning, which may be audible, visual, or other form of alarm, to remind the operator that the remaining water in water tank 2 is too low.

[0039] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments described herein. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, alternative configurations of the embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and should be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are not limited to those explicitly introduced and described herein.

Claims

1. A detachable simulated rain spraying device, characterized in that, This includes drones and simulated rain spraying equipment mounted on the drones; The simulated rain spraying equipment includes a water tank, a water pump, and a raindrop generator. The water tank is connected to a first water pipe, which is connected to the inlet of the water pump. The outlet of the water pump is connected to a second water pipe, which is connected to the raindrop generator. The raindrop generator includes at least one nozzle.

2. The detachable simulated rain spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drone is also equipped with an environmental monitoring component, which includes at least a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.

3. The detachable simulated rain spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank is connected to the chassis of the drone by bolts, and a shock-absorbing pad is provided between the water tank and the drone.

4. A detachable simulated rain spraying device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drone is equipped with an angle adjustment component, which is used to adjust the angle of the nozzle.

5. A detachable simulated rain spraying device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drone is also equipped with an obstacle detection component.

6. A detachable simulated rain spraying device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drone is also equipped with a positioning component.

7. A detachable simulated rain spraying device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drone is also equipped with a dual-axis gimbal camera.

8. A detachable simulated rain spraying device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drone is also equipped with a processor and a wireless communication component. The output terminals of the environmental monitoring component, the obstacle monitoring component, the positioning component, and the dual-axis gimbal camera are all electrically connected to the input terminal of the processor. The output terminal of the processor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the wireless communication component.

9. A detachable simulated rain spraying device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drone is equipped with a cabin containing a battery, the positioning component, the processor, and a wireless communication component. The battery powers the water pump, the environmental monitoring component, the positioning component, the dual-axis gimbal camera, the processor, and the wireless communication component. The drone is also equipped with a junction box and conduit, and the wiring for the environmental monitoring component, the obstacle monitoring component, the positioning component, the dual-axis gimbal camera, and the processor is located within the junction box and conduit.

10. A detachable simulated rain spraying device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The water tank is equipped with a water level monitoring component, which includes a water level sensor, a voltage comparator, a NOT gate, a transistor, and an alarm. The water level sensor is located inside the water tank. The output terminal of the water level sensor is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the voltage comparator. The inverting input of the voltage comparator receives a reference voltage. The voltage comparator is electrically connected to the input terminal of the NOT gate. The output terminal of the NOT gate is electrically connected to the base of the transistor. The transistor is connected in series between the power supply and the alarm.

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