Miniaturized low-frequency antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniaturized low-frequency antenna, which belongs to the technical field of low-frequency antennae, and comprises an antenna base, an antenna housing is arranged on the top surface of the antenna base, an installation cavity is arranged in the antenna housing, an opening on the side surface of the antenna housing is communicated with the installation cavity, and a side plate is detachably connected to the opening. A connector, a radiator and an adjustable capacitor are installed in the installation cavity, an assembly hole communicated with the installation cavity is formed in the antenna base, and the connector is assembled in the assembly hole and connected with the radiator. According to the utility model, by loading the adjustable capacitor, not only is the frequency adjustable, but also the miniaturization of the low-frequency antenna is realized; the antenna housing is structurally designed, so that the transverse section area of the antenna is small, the received wind resistance is small, and the antenna is suitable for high-speed moving carriers such as aircrafts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of low-frequency antenna technology, and more specifically, to a miniaturized low-frequency antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are an indispensable key component of wireless communication equipment. As a transducer, antennas can radiate guided waves in waveguides into space, and can also convert electromagnetic waves in space into guided waves in waveguides. The performance of antennas directly affects the quality of communication.

[0003] Low-frequency antennas typically refer to antennas operating in the range of 30 kHz to 300 kHz, suitable for long-wave communication, navigation (such as the LORAN system), and time signal broadcasting (such as BPC low-frequency time codes). With technological advancements and increased integration, the size of wireless terminals is constantly shrinking, posing challenges to antenna design and highlighting the urgent need to address antenna miniaturization. Current technologies achieve antenna miniaturization by adding stubs, but this leads to deterioration in antenna polarization performance. Furthermore, some existing conformal antennas are only suitable for specific locations and suffer from high wind drag, making them unsuitable for high-speed moving vehicles such as aircraft. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a miniaturized low-frequency antenna that can completely solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A miniaturized low-frequency antenna includes an antenna base, an antenna cover on the top surface of the antenna base, a mounting cavity inside the antenna cover, an opening on the side of the antenna cover communicating with the mounting cavity, a detachable side plate connected at the opening, a connector, a radiator and an adjustable capacitor installed in the mounting cavity, and an assembly hole on the antenna base communicating with the mounting cavity, the connector being assembled in the assembly hole and connected to the radiator.

[0007] Furthermore, the top surface of the radome is a horizontal plane, the front and rear sides are symmetrical inclined planes, and the left and right ends are conical surfaces.

[0008] Furthermore, the antenna base is a rectangular plate, with both ends of the rectangular plate connected to the side via bevels.

[0009] Furthermore, a label slot is provided on the bottom surface of the antenna base.

[0010] Furthermore, the top surface of the antenna base has multiple mounting holes symmetrically opened on both sides of the antenna cover.

[0011] Traditional antennas need to meet specific electrical lengths (such as λ / 4 or λ / 2, where λ represents wavelength) to radiate efficiently. Low-frequency bands have extremely long wavelengths, which leads to antennas being very large.

[0012] This invention introduces an adjustable capacitor, thereby introducing additional capacitive reactance (Xc = -1 / ωC, where Xc represents capacitive reactance, ω represents angular frequency, and C represents capacitance). This capacitive reactance can precisely offset the increase in inductive reactance (short-circuit effect) caused by shortening the physical length of the antenna. This allows the shortened antenna to still exhibit purely resistive input impedance (R ≈ 50Ω, where R represents resistance) at the target low-frequency point, achieving an electrical "virtual extension" and realizing a physical size much smaller than conventional designs while maintaining resonant characteristics.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a miniaturized low-frequency antenna with the following advantages: by loading an adjustable capacitor, not only is the frequency adjustable, but the low-frequency antenna is also miniaturized; the antenna radome is structurally designed so that the antenna has a small lateral cross-sectional area and is subject to less wind resistance, thus making it suitable for high-speed moving carriers such as aircraft. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after the side panels have been removed;

[0018] Figure 5 This is the gain pattern of this utility model, with the vertical axis representing gain and the horizontal axis representing angle.

[0019] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0020] 1. Antenna base; 2. Antenna cover; 3. Mounting cavity; 4. Side plate; 5. Connector; 6. Radiator; 7. Adjustable capacitor; 8. Angled surface; 9. Tag slot; 10. Mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-5 A miniaturized low-frequency antenna includes an antenna base 1, an antenna cover 2 on the top surface of the antenna base 1, an installation cavity 3 inside the antenna cover 2, an opening on the side of the antenna cover 2 communicating with the installation cavity 3, a detachable side plate 4 at the opening to close the installation cavity 3, a connector 5, a radiator 6 and an adjustable capacitor 7 installed in the installation cavity 3, and an assembly hole communicating with the installation cavity 3 on the antenna base 1, the connector 5 being assembled in the assembly hole and connected to the radiator 6.

[0023] To balance high-frequency stability and mechanical strength, the adjustable capacitor 7 in this embodiment is selected as a vacuum ceramic capacitor or a MEMS adjustable capacitor. This satisfies the requirements of integration and high reliability.

[0024] Miniaturizing low-frequency antennas is challenging in current technologies because low-frequency wavelengths are much longer (e.g., AM broadcast bands can reach hundreds of meters), requiring traditional antennas to be close to λ / 4 in length. Without a compensation mechanism, directly reducing the size would lead to a precipitous drop in radiation efficiency.

[0025] This invention employs an adjustable capacitor 7, which overcomes the contradiction between physical size and electrical performance through a susceptance compensation mechanism, thereby achieving miniaturization of the low-frequency antenna.

[0026] On the other hand, the miniaturization achieved by using multi-stub / conformal structures in the existing technology has the following problems: multiple stubs lead to complex current distribution and deterioration of cross-polarization; severe parameter coupling makes optimization exponentially more difficult; poor mechanical strength makes wind resistance control difficult.

[0027] This invention requires only a single lumped-parameter element (i.e., a tunable capacitor), replacing a complex distributed stub network; it reduces the total length of the metal conductor and lowers ohmic losses. By adjusting the capacitance value, the equivalent electrical length of the antenna can be adjusted in real time. This allows the antenna to adapt to different low-frequency channels through tuning, eliminating the need to design a separate large-size antenna for each frequency point, significantly reducing the system-level size, and making it particularly suitable for multi-channel equipment.

[0028] In this embodiment, the top surface of the radome 2 is a horizontal plane, the front and rear sides are symmetrical inclined planes, and the left and right ends are conical surfaces. This structure makes the cross-section of the radome 2 a knife-shaped section. In addition, the antenna base 1 is a rectangular plate, and both the left and right ends of the rectangular plate are connected to the side surfaces through inclined planes 8.

[0029] The above-described structural design in this embodiment results in a small transverse cross-sectional area of ​​the antenna and low wind resistance, making it suitable for high-speed moving carriers such as aircraft.

[0030] The bottom surface of the antenna base 1 is provided with a label slot 9. A label is placed in the label slot 9, which helps the user to identify and judge the antenna.

[0031] The antenna base 1 has multiple mounting holes 10 symmetrically opened on both sides of the antenna cover 2 on its top surface. The mounting holes 10 facilitate the user to fix and install the antenna.

[0032] The control method of this utility model is to control the device by manually starting and stopping the switch. The wiring diagram of the power element and the supply of power are common knowledge in the field. Since this utility model is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and wiring layout will not be explained in detail.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model based on the technical solution and its improved concept should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A miniaturized low-frequency antenna, characterized in that: The antenna includes an antenna base (1), an antenna cover (2) is provided on the top surface of the antenna base (1), an installation cavity (3) is provided inside the antenna cover (2), the side opening of the antenna cover (2) communicates with the installation cavity (3), a detachable side plate (4) is connected at the opening, a connector (5), a radiator (6) and an adjustable capacitor (7) are installed in the installation cavity (3), and an assembly hole communicating with the installation cavity (3) is opened on the antenna base (1), the connector (5) is assembled in the assembly hole and connected to the radiator (6).

2. The miniaturized low-frequency antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the radome (2) is a horizontal plane, the front and rear sides are symmetrical inclined planes, and the left and right ends are conical surfaces.

3. A miniaturized low-frequency antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antenna base (1) is a rectangular plate, and both ends of the rectangular plate are connected to the side via inclined surfaces (8).

4. A miniaturized low-frequency antenna according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the antenna base (1) is provided with a label slot (9).

5. A miniaturized low-frequency antenna according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The antenna base (1) has multiple mounting holes (10) symmetrically opened on both sides of the antenna cover (2) on its top surface.

Images