Refrigeration mechanism and split throttling detector
By introducing a cooling mechanism into the throttling detector, the problem of low cooling efficiency of the detector chip is solved by utilizing the throttling effect of high-pressure gas and the heat insulation design of the return pipe, thus achieving faster detector startup.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422827667.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-20
AI Technical Summary
The existing throttling detectors have low detector chip cooling efficiency, which leads to a longer detector startup time.
A refrigeration mechanism is adopted, including a shell, a first heat exchange pipe, a return pipe, and a connecting pipe. After the high-pressure gas is ejected through the first throttling element, it cools the detector chip. The cold gas return channel in the return pipe and the outer wall of the connecting pipe form a cold gas return channel, which isolates the heat exchange between the high-pressure gas and the external environment and further reduces the gas temperature.
This improved the cooling efficiency of the detector chip and shortened the detector's startup time.
Smart Images
Figure CN223515196U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of detection equipment technology, and in particular to a cooling mechanism and a split-type throttling detector. Background Technology
[0002] Throttling detectors are widely used in air-to-air and air defense missiles due to their small size and short cooling time. Generally, medium-wave detectors have limited anti-interference capabilities, while long-wave detectors have superior anti-interference capabilities. However, the chips of long-wave detectors often require temperatures of 80K or even lower. Existing dual-stage split-type throttling detectors use connecting pipes to link the cooler and the Dewar radiator to cool the detector chip inside the Dewar radiator. Since the connecting pipes are directly exposed to the atmospheric environment, the gas inside the connecting pipes exchanges heat with the air, causing its own temperature to rise. This reduces the cooling efficiency of the detector chip, prolongs the time it takes for the detector chip to cool to the required temperature, and thus prolongs the detector's startup time. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main purpose of this invention is to propose a cooling mechanism and a separate throttling detector, which aims to solve the problem of low cooling efficiency of the detector chip in existing throttling detectors.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a refrigeration mechanism, including a housing, a first heat exchange pipe, a return pipe, and a connecting pipe. The first heat exchange pipe is disposed inside the housing, one end of which has a first high-pressure air inlet, and the other end extends out of the housing and is connected to one end of the connecting pipe. The other end of the connecting pipe forms a first throttling element. The return pipe is sleeved outside the connecting pipe, and a cold air return channel is formed inside the return pipe. The end of the cold air return channel near the first throttling element has a cold air return port.
[0005] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second heat exchange pipe is also included. A heat exchange cavity is provided inside the shell. Both the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe are located inside the heat exchange cavity. One end of the second heat exchange pipe has a second high-pressure air inlet, and the other end of the second heat exchange pipe forms a second throttling element. The second throttling element is connected to the heat exchange cavity.
[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the return pipe includes an inner pipe and an outer pipe sleeved on the inner pipe. The inner pipe and the outer pipe cooperate to form an annular cold air return channel. The inner pipe of the return pipe cooperates with the outer wall of the connecting pipe to form a pre-cooling cavity, and the pre-cooling cavity is connected to the heat exchange cavity.
[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a support portion is provided inside the housing, and the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe are both wound around the support portion.
[0008] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the return pipe is a single-layer pipe, and the cold air return channel is formed between the inner wall of the return pipe and the outer wall of the connecting pipe.
[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cold air return port is located near the first throttling element, and the cold air return port is gradually widened in the direction of approaching the first throttling element.
[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the end of the cold air return channel away from the cold air return port is closed, and the closed end of the cold air return channel is provided with an exhaust hole.
[0011] In addition, this utility model also provides a split-type throttling detector, including a Dewar, a cooling mechanism as described in any of the above, and a high-pressure gas source. The high-pressure gas source is connected to the first high-pressure air inlet of the first heat exchange pipe. The Dewar includes a Dewar cylinder and a cold plate that can exchange heat with the detector chip. The cold plate is located in the cooling area where the first throttling element sprays cold air.
[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a portion of the outer wall of the Dewar cylinder is recessed to form a mounting groove, the bottom of the mounting groove is provided with an opening, the cold plate is installed at the opening to seal the opening, and the first throttling element extends into the mounting groove and is positioned directly opposite the cold plate.
[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wall of the mounting groove gradually widens from the bottom of the groove towards the opening of the groove.
[0014] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0015] In this utility model, the first heat exchange pipe is disposed inside the shell, one end of the first heat exchange pipe has a first high-pressure air inlet, and the other end extends out of the shell and is connected to one end of the connecting pipe. The other end of the connecting pipe forms a first throttling element. The return pipe is sleeved outside the connecting pipe, and a cold air return channel is formed inside the return pipe. The end of the cold air return channel near the first throttling element has a cold air return port. High-pressure gas from the high-pressure gas source flows in through the first high-pressure inlet, passes through the first heat exchange pipe, enters the connecting pipe, and is ejected from the first throttling element of the connecting pipe. According to the throttling effect principle, the high-pressure isothermal gas experiences a temperature drop during the throttling expansion process, returning to normal pressure, becoming a low-pressure, low-temperature gas. This cold gas, ejected from the first throttling element, cools the detector chip inside the Dewar. Part of this cold gas escapes into the atmosphere, while another part enters the cold gas return channel of the return pipe from the cold gas return port. This allows the returning cold gas to exchange heat with the high-pressure gas in the connecting pipe, further reducing its temperature. This, in turn, further lowers the temperature of the gas ejected from the first throttling element, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the detector chip inside the Dewar. The return pipe also acts as a heat insulator, isolating the connecting pipe from the external environment and preventing the high-pressure gas inside the connecting pipe from exchanging heat with the external gas, which could cause its own temperature to rise and affect the cooling efficiency of the detector chip. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a refrigeration mechanism provided in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the part of 'a' in the diagram;
[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of b in the diagram.
[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0021] 100-Refrigeration mechanism; 1-Shell; 11-Heat exchange chamber; 12-Support; 2-First heat exchange pipe; 3-Return pipe; 31-Cold air return port; 32-Inner pipe; 33-Outer pipe; 34-Pre-cooling chamber; 35-Exhaust port; 4-Connecting pipe; 41-First throttling element; 5-Second heat exchange pipe; 51-Second throttling element; 200-Dewar; 210-Dewar cylinder; 220-Cold plate. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0023] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0024] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0025] This utility model provides a cooling mechanism and a separate throttling detector. Figures 1 to 3 This is a specific embodiment of a refrigeration mechanism provided by the present invention.
[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a refrigeration mechanism 100, including a housing 1, a first heat exchange pipe 2, a return pipe 3, and a connecting pipe 4. The first heat exchange pipe 2 is disposed inside the housing 1. One end of the first heat exchange pipe 2 has a first high-pressure air inlet, and the other end extends out of the housing 1 and is connected to one end of the connecting pipe 4. The other end of the connecting pipe 4 forms a first throttling element 41. The return pipe 3 is sleeved outside the connecting pipe 4. A cold air return channel is formed inside the return pipe 3. The end of the return pipe 3 near the first throttling element 41 has a cold air return port 31.
[0027] In this utility model, the first heat exchange pipe 2 is disposed inside the shell 1. One end of the first heat exchange pipe 2 has a first high-pressure air inlet, and the other end extends out of the shell 1 and is connected to one end of the connecting pipe 4. The other end of the connecting pipe 4 forms a first throttling element 41. The return pipe 3 is sleeved outside the connecting pipe 4. A cold air return channel is formed inside the return pipe 3. The end of the return pipe 3 near the first throttling element 41 has a cold air return port 31. High-pressure gas from the high-pressure gas source flows in through the first high-pressure inlet, passes through the first heat exchange pipe 2, enters the connecting pipe 4, and is ejected from the first throttling element 41 of the connecting pipe 4. According to the throttling effect principle, the high-pressure isothermal gas will experience a temperature drop during the throttling expansion process, becoming a low-pressure, low-temperature gas. The high-pressure gas ejected through the first throttling element 41, now as cold gas, cools the detector chip inside the Dewar 200. At this time, part of the cold gas escapes into the atmosphere, while another part enters the cold gas return channel of the return pipe 3 from the cold gas return port 31. This allows the returning cold gas to exchange heat with the high-pressure gas in the connecting pipe 4, reducing the temperature of the high-pressure gas. Consequently, the temperature of the gas ejected by the first throttling element 41 is further reduced, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the detector chip inside the Dewar 200. Simultaneously, the return pipe 3 also acts as a heat insulator, isolating the connecting pipe 4 from the external environment and preventing the high-pressure gas inside the connecting pipe 4 from exchanging heat with the external gas, which could cause its own temperature to rise and affect the cooling efficiency of the detector chip.
[0028] Furthermore, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the refrigeration mechanism 100 further includes a second heat exchange pipe 5. A heat exchange chamber 11 is provided within the housing 1. Both the first heat exchange pipe 2 and the second heat exchange pipe 5 are located within the heat exchange chamber 11. One end of the second heat exchange pipe 5 has a second high-pressure air inlet, and the other end of the second heat exchange pipe 5 forms a second throttling element 51, which communicates with the heat exchange chamber 11. With this configuration, the cold air output from the second throttling element 51 fills the entire heat exchange chamber 11, cooling the high-pressure gas within the first heat exchange pipe 2 and the second heat exchange pipe 5. This further reduces the temperature of the cold air output from the second throttling element 51, ultimately resulting in a significant reduction in the temperature of the cold air ejected from the first throttling element 41.
[0029] To further reduce the temperature of the high-pressure gas inside the connecting pipe 4, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the detector chip, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the return pipe 3 includes an inner pipe 32 and an outer pipe 33 sleeved on the inner pipe 32. The inner pipe 32 and the outer pipe 33 cooperate to form an annular cold gas return channel. The inner pipe 32 of the return pipe 3 cooperates with the outer wall of the connecting pipe 4 to form a pre-cooling chamber 34, which is connected to the heat exchange chamber 11. With this configuration, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas source enters the second heat exchange pipe 5 through the second high-pressure inlet and is ejected from the second throttling element 51. Through the throttling effect, it becomes low-pressure, low-temperature gas. Part of the cold gas remains in the heat exchange chamber 11, and the other part enters the pre-cooling chamber 34, where it exchanges heat with the high-pressure gas in the connecting pipe 4 to reduce the temperature of the high-pressure gas. This further reduces the temperature of the gas ejected from the first throttling element 41, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the detector chip.
[0030] In another embodiment, the return pipe 3 is a single-layer pipe, and the cold air return channel is formed between the inner wall of the return pipe 3 and the outer wall of the connecting pipe 4. By using two single-layer pipes in combination, cold air is recovered and used as an insulation layer to avoid heat exchange between external gas and high-pressure gas. Furthermore, the heat exchange between the recovered cold air and the high-pressure gas reduces the temperature of the high-pressure gas, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the detector chip. This design is simple in structure and reduces manufacturing and assembly costs.
[0031] The layout of the first heat exchange pipe 2 and the second heat exchange pipe 5 is not limited, as long as the normal connection of each pipe is ensured. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 1As shown, a support portion 12 is provided inside the housing 1, and both the first heat exchange pipe 2 and the second heat exchange pipe 5 are wound around the support portion 12. By winding the first heat exchange pipe 2 and the second heat exchange pipe 5 around the support portion 12, a spiral arrangement of the two pipes is achieved. This spiral arrangement increases the heat exchange area between the first heat exchange pipe 2 and the second heat exchange pipe 5 and the cold air in the heat exchange chamber 11, reduces heat leakage, and thus improves the cooling efficiency.
[0032] To increase the amount of cold air recovered, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the cold air return port 31 is located near the first throttling element 41, and the cold air return port 31 is gradually widened towards the first throttling element 41. After the cold air ejected from the first throttling element 41 cools the detector chip, it will bounce and dissipate in all directions. By increasing the coverage area of the cold air return port 31, the amount of cold air entering the cold air return port 31 is increased.
[0033] To prevent the gas in the return pipe 3 from filling up and flowing back from the cold gas return port 31 to the vicinity of the detector chip, thus affecting the cooling efficiency of the detector chip, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the end of the cold air return channel away from the cold air return port 31 is closed, and an exhaust port 35 is provided at the closed end of the cold air return channel. After the gas in the return pipe 3 completes heat exchange, it is discharged from the exhaust port 35, and new recovered cold air flows in from the cold air return port 31, so that the return pipe 3 always maintains a low temperature, thereby ensuring heat exchange efficiency.
[0034] In addition, this utility model also provides a split-type throttling detector, including a Dewar 200, the cooling mechanism 100 and a high-pressure gas source. The high-pressure gas source is connected to the first high-pressure air inlet of the first heat exchange pipe 2. The Dewar 200 includes a Dewar cylinder 210 and a cold plate 220 that can exchange heat with the detector chip. The cold plate 220 is located in the cooling area where the first throttling element 41 sprays cold air.
[0035] Furthermore, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, a portion of the outer wall of the Dewar cylinder 210 is recessed to form a mounting groove. The bottom of the mounting groove has an opening, and the cold plate 220 is installed at the opening to seal it. The first throttling element 41 extends into the mounting groove and is positioned directly opposite the cold plate 220. This arrangement allows the cold air ejected from the first throttling element 41 to accumulate in the mounting groove for a short time, as the outlet end of the connecting pipe 4 extends into the mounting groove. This ensures sufficient contact between the cold air and the cold plate, cooling the detector chip, and also increases the amount of cold air entering the cold air return port 31.
[0036] To improve the cooling efficiency of the detector chip, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the walls of the mounting slot gradually widen from the bottom towards the opening. This design allows for faster gas exchange between the mounting slot and the outside environment. On one hand, it maintains a constant pressure within the mounting slot, ensuring that the high-pressure isothermal gas cools to a lower temperature during the throttling expansion process. On the other hand, it allows for faster discharge of the heat-exchanged gas, accommodating more fresh, cool air to cool the detector chip, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the detector chip.
[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A refrigeration mechanism, characterized in that, The device includes a shell, a first heat exchange pipe, a return pipe, and a connecting pipe. The first heat exchange pipe is disposed inside the shell. One end of the first heat exchange pipe has a first high-pressure air inlet, and the other end extends out of the shell and is connected to one end of the connecting pipe. The other end of the connecting pipe forms a first throttling element. The return pipe is sleeved outside the connecting pipe. A cold air return channel is formed inside the return pipe. The end of the cold air return channel near the first throttling element has a cold air return port.
2. The refrigeration mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second heat exchange pipe. The shell is provided with a heat exchange cavity. Both the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe are located in the heat exchange cavity. One end of the second heat exchange pipe has a second high-pressure air inlet. The other end of the second heat exchange pipe forms a second throttling element. The second throttling element is connected to the heat exchange cavity.
3. The refrigeration mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The return pipe includes an inner pipe and an outer pipe sleeved on the inner pipe. The inner pipe and the outer pipe cooperate to form an annular cold air return channel. The inner pipe of the return pipe cooperates with the outer wall of the connecting pipe to form a pre-cooling cavity, which is connected to the heat exchange cavity.
4. The refrigeration mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The housing is provided with a support portion, and the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe are both wound around the support portion.
5. The refrigeration mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The return pipe is a single-layer pipe, and the cold air return channel is formed between the inner wall of the return pipe and the outer wall of the connecting pipe.
6. The refrigeration mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cold air return port is located near the first throttling element, and the cold air return port is gradually widened in the direction of approaching the first throttling element.
7. The refrigeration mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the cold air return channel away from the cold air return port is closed, and an exhaust port is provided at the closed end of the cold air return channel.
8. A split-type throttling detector, characterized in that, It includes a Dewar, a refrigeration mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and a high-pressure gas source, wherein the high-pressure gas source is connected to the first high-pressure gas inlet of the first heat exchange pipe, and the Dewar includes a Dewar cylinder and a cold plate that can exchange heat with the detector chip, wherein the cold plate is located in the refrigeration area where the first throttling element ejects cold gas.
9. The split-type throttling detector as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The outer wall of the Dewar cylinder is recessed to form a mounting groove, and the bottom of the mounting groove has an opening. The cold plate is installed at the opening to seal the opening, and the first throttling element extends into the mounting groove and is positioned directly opposite the cold plate.
10. The split-type throttling detector as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The wall of the mounting groove gradually widens from the bottom of the groove towards the opening.