Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic assembly, which comprises a photovoltaic body, the first shielding layer is arranged on one side of the photovoltaic body; the second shielding layer is arranged on the other side of the photovoltaic body; the photovoltaic body, the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer are installed in the frame, the frame is electrically connected with the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer, and the frame is used for being grounded through a grounding device. According to the photovoltaic assembly provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the frame, the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer are electrically connected to form the Faraday cage, so that the photovoltaic assembly can block the influence of external static and non-static electromagnetic fields, the electromagnetic shielding performance of the photovoltaic assembly is improved, and lightning protection is effectively realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] The solar energy industry has shown strong growth momentum in recent years, becoming a crucial engine for the global green energy transition. Significant breakthroughs have been achieved in solar technology, particularly advancements in crystalline silicon technology, which have continuously improved the efficiency of solar panels while significantly reducing manufacturing costs, making solar power one of the most competitive electricity sources in many regions. Despite this rapid development, the solar energy industry still faces challenges, such as public concerns about electromagnetic radiation from solar panels and the damage caused by lightning to photovoltaic power generation systems.

[0003] Photovoltaic power generation systems need to be installed in open, unobstructed natural environments, inevitably encountering extreme weather conditions such as lightning strikes. Lightning can cause PN junction breakdown in photovoltaic modules and breakdown of anti-reverse diodes. Since photovoltaic arrays are expensive and a critical component of photovoltaic power plants, and are installed on rooftops at considerable heights and occupying large areas, the probability of them being struck by lightning is increased. Currently, there is no effective way to utilize lightning; instead, we can only take preventative measures, shifting from passively attracting lightning to actively attracting it, in order to reduce the various disasters caused by lightning.

[0004] In related technologies, the metal frame of photovoltaic modules cannot be effectively connected to the ground, making them more susceptible to lightning strikes. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of solar photovoltaic power generation systems, the lightning protection problem must be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a photovoltaic module in which the frame, a first shielding layer, and a second shielding layer are electrically connected to form a Faraday cage, enabling the photovoltaic module to block the influence of external static and non-static electromagnetic fields, improving the electromagnetic shielding performance of the photovoltaic module, and effectively preventing lightning strikes.

[0006] A photovoltaic module according to a first aspect of the present invention includes: a photovoltaic body; a first shielding layer disposed on one side of the photovoltaic body; a second shielding layer disposed on the other side of the photovoltaic body; and a frame, wherein the photovoltaic body, the first shielding layer, and the second shielding layer are installed within the frame, the frame is electrically connected to the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer, and the frame is used to ground through a grounding device.

[0007] According to the photovoltaic module of this utility model embodiment, the frame, the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer are electrically connected to form a Faraday cage, so that the photovoltaic module can block the influence of external static and non-static electromagnetic fields, improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of the photovoltaic module and effectively prevent lightning strikes.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the first shielding layer is L1, and L1 satisfies the relationship: L1 > 100 nm.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the second shielding layer is L2, and L2 satisfies the relationship: L2 > 100 nm.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic body includes: a solar cell, a first protective layer and a second protective layer, wherein the first protective layer is laid between the solar cell and the first shielding layer, and the second protective layer is laid between the solar cell and the second shielding layer.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes: a front panel, the front panel being disposed between the first protective layer and the first shielding layer; or, the photovoltaic module further includes: a front panel, the first shielding layer being disposed between the first protective layer and the front panel.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes an insulating layer disposed on the side of the second protective layer opposite to the solar cell.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes a backsheet, which is disposed on the side of the second shielding layer away from the photovoltaic body.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes: a junction box, which is fixed on the back plate or the frame, and the junction box is electrically connected to the solar cells.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a filling material is provided between the back plate and the second shielding layer.

[0016] A photovoltaic module according to a second aspect of the present invention includes: a photovoltaic body; a first shielding layer disposed on one side of the photovoltaic body; a second shielding layer disposed on the other side of the photovoltaic body; and a metal layer covering the side of the photovoltaic body, the metal layer being electrically connected to the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer.

[0017] According to the photovoltaic module of this utility model embodiment, the metal layer, the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer are electrically connected to form a Faraday cage, so that the photovoltaic module can block the influence of external static and non-static electromagnetic fields, improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of the photovoltaic module and effectively prevent lightning strikes.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic body, the first shielding layer, and the second shielding layer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic body, the first shielding layer, and the second shielding layer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure label:

[0025] 10. Photovoltaic module; 11. Photovoltaic body; 111. Solar cell; 112. First protective layer; 113. Second protective layer; 12. First shielding layer; 13. Second shielding layer; 14. Frame; 15. Front panel; 16. Back panel; 17. Metal layer; 18. Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0027] The following is for reference. Figures 1-4 A photovoltaic module 10 according to an embodiment of the present utility model is described.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the photovoltaic module 10 includes: a photovoltaic body 11, a first shielding layer 12, a second shielding layer 13, and a frame 14. The first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13 are respectively disposed on both sides of the photovoltaic body 11, and the photovoltaic body 11, the first shielding layer 12, and the second shielding layer 13 are all installed within the frame 14.

[0029] The first shielding layer 12 is disposed on one side of the photovoltaic body 11, that is, the first shielding layer 12 is located on the front side of the photovoltaic body 11. The first shielding layer 12 can be a transparent conductive film, for example, the first shielding layer 12 can be ITO, FTO or zinc oxide-based thin film.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the second shielding layer 13 is disposed on the other side of the photovoltaic body 11. The second shielding layer 13 is located on the rear side of the photovoltaic body 11. The second shielding layer 13 can be a transparent conductive film; for example, the first shielding layer 12 can be an ITO, FTO, or zinc oxide-based thin film.

[0031] Furthermore, the materials of the second shielding layer 13 and the first shielding layer 12 may be the same or different.

[0032] Among them, the first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13 are conductive films, which form a Faraday cage and can achieve more effective lightning protection.

[0033] The first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13 are used to weaken or block the passage of electromagnetic waves, achieving the effects of radiation resistance and electromagnetic interference resistance. The first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13 of the photovoltaic module 10 can not only effectively ensure that personnel and various devices located behind the photovoltaic module 10 are protected from potential electromagnetic interference or radiation hazards, but also ensure the safety of personnel and devices located in front of the module, achieving a safer protection.

[0034] according to Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic body 11, the first shielding layer 12, and the second shielding layer 13 are installed inside the frame 14. The frame 14 is electrically connected to the first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13, and the frame 14 is used for grounding through a grounding device. Specifically, the interior of the frame 14 is a conductive structure, and the surface of the frame 14 is covered with an insulating layer 18. The oxide layer at the connection between the frame 14 and the first shielding layer 12 is removed so that the frame 14 can be electrically connected to the first shielding layer 12. No oxide layer is provided at the connection between the frame 14 and the second shielding layer 13 so that the frame 14 can be electrically connected to the second shielding layer 13. The frame 14, the first shielding layer 12, and the second shielding layer 13 constitute a Faraday cage.

[0035] A Faraday cage is a closed, conductive structure that blocks the influence of external static and non-static electromagnetic fields. When electromagnetic waves from an external electromagnetic field are incident on the surface of the Faraday cage, the free charges of electrons in the metal oscillate under the influence of the electromagnetic field. These oscillating charges generate a reverse electric field, thus canceling out some or all of the electromagnetic field entering the cage. Furthermore, due to the conductivity of the metal, these oscillating charges move rapidly within the metal and induce currents on the surface. These induced currents also generate a reverse electromagnetic field, further enhancing the shielding effect. Similarly, inside the Faraday cage, any generated electromagnetic fields are confined within the cage because the metal walls reflect and absorb electromagnetic waves, preventing them from escaping to the external environment. Activities or objects inside the cage do not significantly affect the external electromagnetic field, thus limiting the outward radiation of the internal electromagnetic field.

[0036] The Faraday cage effect effectively confines the electromagnetic waves generated during the operation of the photovoltaic module 10 within the Faraday cage, preventing electromagnetic interference to the outside. At the same time, this shielding mechanism also ensures that the photovoltaic module 10 itself is not subject to electromagnetic interference from the external environment, thus maintaining a stable and efficient working state under various complex electromagnetic environments.

[0037] Based on the condition of electrostatic equilibrium of a conductor, the Faraday cage itself (first shielding layer 12, second shielding layer 13, and frame 14) constitutes an equipotential body, with zero potential inside the cage. This is because the charges are uniformly distributed on the surface of the cage, and there is no electric field inside. The cage achieves its purpose of shielding against lightning by blocking electromagnetic fields. Simultaneously, the Faraday cage also has current-splitting and current-equalizing effects. Since the lightning current flows symmetrically through the frame 14 of the Faraday cage into the ground, the electromagnetic fields inside the cage cancel each other out and weaken, thereby reducing the intensity of electromagnetic interference.

[0038] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first shielding layer 12 is L1, where L1 satisfies the relationship: L1 > 100 nm. Specifically, the thickness of the first shielding layer 12 is greater than 100 nm to ensure the structural strength of the first shielding layer 12 and to prevent the first shielding layer 12 from being too thin, which would expose the front side of the photovoltaic body 11 to the electromagnetic field and subject it to electromagnetic interference.

[0039] Furthermore, the thickness of the second shielding layer 13 is L2, which satisfies the relationship: L2 > 100 nm. Specifically, the thickness of the second shielding layer 13 is greater than 100 nm to ensure the structural strength of the second shielding layer 13 and to avoid the second shielding layer 13 being too thin, which would expose the rear side of the photovoltaic body 11 to the electromagnetic field and cause electromagnetic interference.

[0040] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the photovoltaic body 11 includes: a solar cell 111, a first protective layer 112, and a second protective layer 113. The first protective layer 112 is laid between the solar cell 111 and the first shielding layer 12. Specifically, the first protective layer 112 has insulating properties, which insulates the solar cell 111 from the first shielding layer 12, ensuring that the solar cell 111 is not subject to electromagnetic interference. The first protective layer 112 includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin fiber, polyurethane, polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, saline resin, or epoxy resin.

[0041] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a second protective layer 113 is laid between the solar cell 111 and the second shielding layer 13. The second protective layer 113 has insulating properties, insulating the solar cell 111 from the second shielding layer 13 and ensuring that the solar cell 111 is not subject to electromagnetic interference. The second protective layer 113 includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin fiber, polyurethane, polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, sarin resin, or epoxy resin.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic module 10 also includes a front panel 15, which is disposed between the first protective layer 112 and the first shielding layer 12. That is, the front panel 15 can be disposed between the first shielding layer 12 and the first protective layer 112. The first shielding layer 12 is located on the side of the front panel 15 facing away from the photovoltaic body 11, and is located on the outer layer of the photovoltaic module 10, ensuring that the interior of the photovoltaic module 10 is in an electromagnetic shielding state, preventing the solar cells 111 from being affected by electromagnetic interference and thus impacting the performance of the photovoltaic module 10.

[0043] Or, such as Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic module 10 also includes a front panel 15, with a first shielding layer 12 disposed between the first protective layer 112 and the front panel 15. That is, the front panel 15 can be disposed on the side of the first shielding layer 12 away from the photovoltaic body 11. In other words, by placing the first shielding layer 12 between the first protective layer 112 and the front panel 15, the front panel 15 protects the structure of the first shielding layer 12, preventing damage to the first shielding layer 12 and affecting the electromagnetic shielding performance of the photovoltaic module 10. The front panel 15 has high light transmittance, waterproof and moisture-proof properties, and UV resistance. The refractive index of the front panel 15 is matched with the encapsulation material, and it can be glass or a polyvinyl fluoride thin film material.

[0044] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the photovoltaic module 10 also includes an insulating layer 18, which is disposed on the side of the second protective layer 113 facing away from the solar cell 111. Specifically, the insulating layer 18 is located between the second protective layer 113 and the second shielding layer 13. The insulating layer 18 can further insulate the solar cell 111 and the second shielding layer 13, ensuring the insulation performance between the second shielding layer 13 and the solar cell 111.

[0045] The insulating layer 18 includes, but is not limited to, one or more of rubber, plastic, PTFE, engineering plastics, and asbestos rubber.

[0046] Combination Figures 1-4 As shown, the photovoltaic module 10 also includes a backsheet 16, which is disposed on the side of the second shielding layer 13 away from the photovoltaic body 11. Specifically, the backsheet 16 has good mechanical stability, insulation, moisture barrier properties, adhesion, heat dissipation, environmental aging resistance, and additional light reflection function. It can be a fluoropolymer backsheet 16 (including PVF, PVDF, THV), PET, glass, or a conductive backsheet 16. Since the backsheet 16 covers the side of the second shielding layer 13 away from the photovoltaic body 11, it protects the internal structure of the photovoltaic body 11 and the second shielding layer 13, preventing them from being corroded by external factors. The second shielding layer 13 and the backsheet 16 together not only achieve electromagnetic protection but also greatly facilitate subsequent installation procedures, making the entire assembly process more efficient and smooth.

[0047] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 10 further includes a junction box, which is fixed on the back panel 16 or the frame 14 and is electrically connected to the solar cell 111.

[0048] In some embodiments, a filling material is provided between the back sheet 16 and the second shielding layer 13. The filling material can absorb the heat transmitted from the back sheet 16, thereby changing the heat insulation performance and structural strength performance of the photovoltaic module 10.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module 10 according to the second aspect embodiment of the present invention includes: a photovoltaic body 11, a first shielding layer 12, a second shielding layer 13, and a metal layer 17.

[0051] The first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13 are respectively disposed on both sides of the photovoltaic body 11, and the metal layer 17 is wrapped around the sides of the photovoltaic body 11, the first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13.

[0052] The first shielding layer 12 is disposed on one side of the photovoltaic body 11, that is, the first shielding layer 12 is located on the front side of the photovoltaic body 11. The first shielding layer 12 can be a transparent conductive film, for example, the first shielding layer 12 can be ITO, FTO or zinc oxide-based thin film.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the second shielding layer 13 is disposed on the other side of the photovoltaic body 11. The second shielding layer 13 is located on the rear side of the photovoltaic body 11. The second shielding layer 13 can be a transparent conductive film; for example, the first shielding layer 12 can be an ITO, FTO, or zinc oxide-based thin film.

[0054] The materials of the second shielding layer 13 and the first shielding layer 12 can be the same or different.

[0055] The first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13 are used to weaken or block the passage of electromagnetic waves, achieving the effects of radiation resistance and electromagnetic interference resistance. The first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13 of the photovoltaic module 10 can not only effectively ensure that personnel and various devices located behind the photovoltaic module 10 are protected from potential electromagnetic interference or radiation hazards, but also ensure the safety of personnel and devices located in front of the module, achieving a safer protection.

[0056] A metal layer 17 is applied to the side of the photovoltaic body 11 and is electrically connected to the first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13. Specifically, the metal layer 17 can be applied to the sides of the photovoltaic body 11, the front panel 15, the back panel 16, the first shielding layer 12, and the second shielding layer 13. The metal layer 17 is a thin film, which can be a transparent tape or similar material made of transparent PET and aluminum foil bonded together. The film is applied to the side of the photovoltaic body 11, and the metal layer 17 is insulated from the photovoltaic body 11, but is electrically connected to the first shielding layer 12 and the second shielding layer 13 to form a Faraday cage between the metal layer 17 and the first and second shielding layers 12 and 13.

[0057] The electromagnetic waves generated during the operation of the photovoltaic module 10 will be effectively confined within the Faraday cage, preventing electromagnetic interference to the outside. At the same time, this shielding mechanism also ensures that the photovoltaic module 10 itself is not subject to electromagnetic interference from the external environment, thus maintaining a stable and efficient working state under various complex electromagnetic environments.

[0058] This utility model embodiment can be used to achieve electromagnetic shielding of lightweight components, for example, enabling the installation of BIPV projects and vehicle-mounted photovoltaic projects.

[0059] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Photovoltaic body (11); The first shielding layer (12) is disposed on one side of the photovoltaic body (11); The second shielding layer (13) is disposed on the other side of the photovoltaic body (11); The frame (14) is installed inside the photovoltaic body (11), the first shielding layer (12) and the second shielding layer (13). The frame (14) is electrically connected to the first shielding layer (12) and the second shielding layer (13). The frame (14) is used to ground through a grounding device.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first shielding layer (12) is L1, and L1 satisfies the relationship: L1 > 100 nm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the second shielding layer (13) is L2, and L2 satisfies the relationship: L2 > 100 nm.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic body (11) includes: a solar cell (111), a first protective layer (112) and a second protective layer (113). The first protective layer (112) is laid between the solar cell (111) and the first shielding layer (12), and the second protective layer (113) is laid between the solar cell (111) and the second shielding layer (13).

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module further includes: a front panel (15), the front panel (15) being disposed between the first protective layer (112) and the first shielding layer (12); or, The photovoltaic module further includes a front panel (15), wherein the first shielding layer (12) is disposed between the first protective layer (112) and the front panel (15).

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module further includes an insulating layer (18), which is disposed on the side of the second protective layer (113) away from the solar cell (111).

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module further includes a backplate (16), which is disposed on the side of the second shielding layer (13) away from the photovoltaic body (11).

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module further includes a junction box, which is fixed on the back plate (16) or the frame (14) and is electrically connected to the solar cell (111).

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, A filling material is provided between the back plate (16) and the second shielding layer (13).

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Photovoltaic body (11); The first shielding layer (12) is disposed on one side of the photovoltaic body (11); The second shielding layer (13) is disposed on the other side of the photovoltaic body (11); A metal layer (17) is covered on the side of the photovoltaic body (11), and the metal layer (17) is electrically connected to the first shielding layer (12) and the second shielding layer (13).

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