Electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning and early warning system based on multivariate signals

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage system monitoring, in particular to an electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning and early-warning system based on multi-element signals, which comprises a positioning and early-warning host, the positioning and early-warning host is electrically connected with a plurality of monitoring terminal devices, and the plurality of monitoring terminal devices are distributed and mounted on a battery cluster in an energy storage cabin; the monitoring terminal device comprises a main shell, and a first airflow diffusion hole is formed in the side wall of the main shell; a light source detection module is arranged in the main shell, a sensor is further installed in the main shell, the light source detection module and the sensor are both electrically connected with a PCB, and the PCB is installed in the main shell above the light source detection module; a PCB gland is further installed above the PCB, the PCB gland is connected with the inner wall of the main shell in a buckled mode, and a first shielding cover is arranged on the main shell in a covering mode. According to the utility model, the monitoring terminals are arranged at different positions, and multi-element signals are analyzed and judged, so that the accuracy of positioning and early warning of fault occurrence is effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to energy storage system monitoring technical field especially relates to a kind of electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning early warning system based on multiple signal. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of new materials of lithium ion battery, the innovation of battery manufacturing technology, the performance of lithium ion battery is increasing, the safety performance of single body is also greatly improved, but due to large-scale energy storage system single battery capacity, battery cluster single quantity is much, in the use process, local thermal runaway phenomenon is prone to occur, there is huge security risk. In recent years, China, South Korea, the United States, Australia and other countries electrochemical energy storage cabin project have appeared the fire, explosion accident caused by local thermal runaway. Once lithium battery fire accident occurs, it will cause serious consequences, so lithium ion battery thermal runaway characteristic parameter identification, thermal runaway early warning, safety linkage is the most important.

[0003] Thermal runaway of electrochemical energy storage battery refers to the internal reaction out of control under abnormal conditions such as overcharge, short circuit and high temperature, which leads to rapid temperature rise and generates a large amount of gas and heat. This phenomenon may cause battery swelling, leakage, and even cause fire or explosion.

[0004] The main reasons of thermal runaway include: 1. Internal short circuit: internal short circuit caused by production defects, physical damage or aging. 2. Overcharge: the charging voltage exceeds the safety threshold of the battery, causing the internal chemical reaction of the battery to be violent. 3. High temperature environment: the environment temperature is too high or the battery itself heats up too fast, which leads to ineffective heat dissipation.

[0005] Chinese patent CN216852010U discloses a kind of distributed monitoring device and energy storage cabin safety monitoring and early warning system, it is related to lithium ion battery energy storage cabin safety online monitoring field, this distributed monitoring device includes device shell and the optical detection component, gas detection component and active air suction component arranged in the device shell inside, the optical detection component is the optical sensor for detecting the concentration of nano microparticles in air;The gas detection component is a gas sensor for detecting the content of characteristic gas in the air environment of energy storage cabin;The active air suction component is a gas suction pump for sucking air outside the device shell into the optical detection component and gas detection component, and the gas suction pump is located at the center position inside the device shell;The lower surface of the device shell is provided with explosion-proof grille, and the upper surface of the device shell is provided with communication interface. The utility model can effectively realize the safety monitoring and early warning of lithium ion battery energy storage cabin.

[0006] The above patent realizes safety monitoring and early warning of the lithium ion battery energy storage cabin through the arrangement of optical sensors and gas sensors, but when thermal runaway occurs, various characteristic signals are generated, and in order to more comprehensively monitor the energy storage cabin, the device still needs to be further improved. Practical new type content

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning and early warning system based on multiple signals, which effectively improves the positioning and early warning accuracy of faults by setting monitoring terminals at different positions and analyzing and judging multiple signals.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0009] An electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning and early warning system based on multiple signals, comprising a positioning and early warning host, wherein the positioning and early warning host is electrically connected with a plurality of monitoring terminal devices;

[0010] The monitoring terminal device comprises a main shell, a first airflow diffusion hole is arranged on the side wall of the main shell, a light source detection module is arranged inside the main shell, a sensor is also arranged inside the main shell, the light source detection module and the sensor are both electrically connected with a PCB circuit board, the PCB circuit board is arranged above the light source detection module in the main shell, a PCB gland is also arranged above the PCB circuit board, the PCB gland is buckled with the inner wall of the main shell, and a first shielding cover is arranged on the cover of the main shell.

[0011] The sensor comprises a sound sensor, the sound sensor is arranged around the first airflow diffusion hole, a plurality of monitoring terminal devices are distributed and arranged on the battery cluster in the energy storage cabin, and are used for positioning and detecting the thermal runaway of the battery according to the signal strength of the sound sensor at different positions.

[0012] Preferably, the light source detection module comprises a light emitting groove and a light receiving groove arranged opposite to the light emitting groove, a LED light groove and a first convex lens fixing groove are sequentially arranged in the light emitting groove, tooth-shaped light labyrinths are arranged at both ends of the first convex lens fixing groove, a LED light source is arranged in the LED light groove, and a first convex lens is arranged in the first convex lens fixing groove; a light receiving sensor mounting groove, a light transition groove and a second convex lens fixing groove are sequentially arranged in the light receiving groove, a light receiving sensor is arranged in the light receiving sensor mounting groove, and a second convex lens is arranged in the second convex lens fixing groove; the light receiving sensor and the LED light source are both electrically connected with the PCB circuit board.

[0013] Preferably, the light receiving sensor is a particle sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the light transition groove is connected by grooves with different diameters.

[0015] Preferably, the sensor further comprises a gas sensor for detecting the content of characteristic gas in the ambient air in the energy storage cabin.

[0016] Preferably, the first shielding cover is provided with a second air flow diffusion hole, the first shielding cover is buckled with the main shell, the second shielding cover is buckled with the bottom surface of the main shell, and the first shielding cover and the second shielding cover are connected with the conductive connecting piece, so that the first shielding cover and the second shielding cover are electrically connected with the PCB through the conductive connecting piece.

[0017] Preferably, the main shell is provided with a communication interface on the side wall, and the communication interface is provided with a communication socket, the communication socket is electrically connected with the PCB, and the communication socket is further electrically connected with the positioning and early warning host.

[0018] Preferably, the positioning and early warning host is provided with a display screen for data display.

[0019] Preferably, the positioning and early warning host is provided with a fire-fighting communication interface and a power supply interface.

[0020] Preferably, the conductive connecting piece is a spring or a conductive sheet.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

[0022] (1) The thermal runaway positioning system of the utility model realizes multiple detection of the battery cluster through the monitoring terminal device, analyzes and judges the signal data of multiple monitoring terminals according to the strength of the sound signal, the particle concentration and the characteristic gas concentration detected by the monitoring terminal device, and locates the cluster or the battery monomer where the fault battery is located according to the difference of the sound signal data of the monitoring terminal devices at different positions, so that the accuracy of positioning and early warning is improved through multiple signal fusion analysis of the particle concentration and the characteristic gas concentration.

[0023] (2) The tooth-shaped light maze arranged in the light emitting groove of the utility model strengthens the light irradiation effect, and the light detection effect is enhanced through the scattering of the convex lens.

[0024] (3) The first shielding cover and the second shielding cover of the utility model are electrically connected with the PCB, which is used for shielding external interference signals and improving the stability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a system structure schematic view of the electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning and early warning system based on multiple signals of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2It is the whole structure schematic diagram of the monitoring terminal device of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is the whole structure schematic diagram of the monitoring terminal device of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 It is the explosion structure schematic diagram of the monitoring terminal device of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 It is the local structure schematic diagram of the monitoring terminal device of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 It is the explosion structure schematic diagram of the monitoring terminal device of the utility model.

[0031] In the drawing: wherein: 100, main shell;200, light source detection module;300, PCB circuit board;400, PCB gland;500, first shielding cover;700, second shielding cover;800, communication socket;600, sound sensor;110, first air diffusion hole;120, communication interface;210, light emitting groove;220, light receiving groove;211, LED light groove;212, first convex lens fixing groove;213, tooth-shaped light labyrinth;214, LED light source;215, first convex lens;221, light receiving sensor mounting groove;222, light transition groove;223, second convex lens fixing groove;224, light receiving sensor;225, second convex lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0033] EMBODIMENT

[0034] As Figures 1-6 shown, an electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning and early warning system based on multiple signals comprises a positioning and early warning host, and the positioning and early warning host is electrically connected with multiple monitoring terminal devices.

[0035] The multiple monitoring terminal devices are installed on battery clusters, preferably at the safety valve of the battery cell. One monitoring terminal device is installed for each battery cluster. The positioning and early warning host is electrically connected with the monitoring terminal devices to obtain and analyze and display the data detected by the monitoring terminal devices, and send the detection data to the server background.

[0036] The monitoring terminal device comprises a main shell 100, a first airflow diffusion hole 110 is arranged on the side wall of the main shell 100; a light source detection module 200 is arranged in the main shell 100; a sensor is also arranged in the main shell 100; the light source detection module 200 and the sensor are electrically connected with a PCB circuit board 300; the PCB circuit board 300 is arranged above the light source detection module 200 in the main shell 100; a PCB gland 400 is also arranged above the PCB circuit board 300; the PCB gland 400 is buckled with the inner wall of the main shell 100; a first shielding cover 500 is arranged on the upper cover of the main shell 100.

[0037] The main shell 100 is used for mounting the sensor and the light source detection module 200; the detected gas enters the main shell 100 through the first airflow diffusion hole 110; the sensor and the light source detection module 200 transmit the detected data to a positioning and early warning host computer through the PCB circuit board for data processing.

[0038] The sensor comprises a sound sensor 600; the sound sensor 600 is arranged around the first airflow diffusion hole 110; a plurality of monitoring terminal devices are arranged on a battery cluster in an energy storage cabin; the sound sensor 600 is used for positioning and detecting the thermal runaway of the battery according to the signal strength of the sound sensor 600 at different positions.

[0039] The sound sensor 600 can easily measure the abnormal signal emitted by the battery cell; the sound sensor 600 can capture the sound at the moment when the pressure relief valve of the battery cell is opened; at this time, the sound is obvious and lasts for a long time; when the battery cell is induced to have thermal runaway due to overcharge, overcurrent, overdischarge and the like, the battery cell monomer will gradually swell and rush to open the pressure relief valve; at the moment when the pressure relief valve of the battery cell is opened, a large amount of solid particle products and characteristic gas products with extremely small particle size, such as H2, CO, electrolyte volatiles and the like, will be sprayed out and gathered in the Pack. With the spraying of the products, the pressure change in the Pack can reach 1kPa, and part of the solid particle products and characteristic gas products with extremely small particle size will escape, therefore, when the battery has thermal runaway, when the internal pressure is too high, the safety valve will automatically open to release the gas, so as to prevent the battery from exploding; according to different positions of the plurality of monitoring terminal devices, the data detected by the sound sensor 600 is different, and the fault battery cluster or the battery monomer is positioned.

[0040] In the embodiment, the light source detection module 200 comprises a light emitting groove 210 and a light receiving groove 220 arranged opposite to the light emitting groove 210, the light emitting groove 210 is sequentially provided with an LED light groove 211 and a first convex lens fixing groove 212, both ends of the first convex lens fixing groove 212 are provided with a tooth-shaped light labyrinth 213, the LED light groove 211 is installed with an LED light source 214, and the first convex lens fixing groove 212 is installed with a first convex lens 215; the light receiving groove 220 is sequentially provided with a light receiving sensor installation groove 221, a light transition groove 222 and a second convex lens fixing groove 223, the light receiving sensor installation groove 221 is installed with a light receiving sensor 224, and the second convex lens fixing groove 223 is installed with a second convex lens 225; the light receiving sensor 224 and the LED light source 214 are electrically connected with a PCB 300.

[0041] The first convex lens 215 is used to increase the penetration ability of light in the gas, the second convex lens 225 converges scattered light, improves the intensity of the light received by the light receiving sensor 224, improves the accuracy of light receiving, the tooth-shaped light labyrinth 213 increases the scattering path of light, improves the uniformity of light scattering, the light transition groove 222 provides a light transmission path, reduces the attenuation and loss of light.

[0042] The light source detection module 200 is used for detecting the concentration of nano-particles in the air, and the light receiving sensor realizes the detection of the concentration of nano-particles in the air based on the optical scattering theory; specifically, the light source emitted by the LED light source 214 is scattered on the light path through the tooth-shaped light labyrinth 213 and the first convex lens 215, and the entering gas contains nano-particles, under the irradiation of light, the light receiving sensor 224 receives the scattered light on the light path, and realizes the detection of the concentration of nano-particles in the gas.

[0043] In the embodiment, the light receiving sensor 224 is a particle sensor.

[0044] In the embodiment, the light transition groove 222 is connected by grooves with different diameters.

[0045] In the embodiment, the sensor further comprises a gas sensor for detecting the content of characteristic gas in the ambient air in the energy storage cabin.

[0046] The gas sensor is used for detecting the content of characteristic gas in the ambient air in the energy storage cabin; when the electric core pressure relief valve is opened, the gas sensor can detect the characteristic gas product, and together with the sound sensor 600, multi-element signal fusion analysis is performed to improve the accuracy of positioning and early warning.

[0047] In the embodiment, the first shielding cover 500 is provided with a second air flow diffusion hole 510, the first shielding cover 500 is buckled with the main shell 100, the bottom surface of the main shell 100 is buckled with a second shielding cover 700, and the first shielding cover 500 and the second shielding cover 700 are connected with a conductive connecting piece, and the first shielding cover 500 and the second shielding cover 700 are connected with the PCB circuit board 300 through the conductive connecting piece to realize equipotential connection.

[0048] The shielding cover arranged on the main shell 100 is connected with the PCB circuit board 300 through the conductive connecting piece to realize equipotential connection, external interference signals are shielded, and the stability of the device is improved.

[0049] It should be noted that air enters the inside of the device through the diffusion hole, and can also include a forced air flow form, such as adding a fan, a pump or the like on the air path of the device to make air flow into the inside of the device.

[0050] In the embodiment, the main shell 100 is provided with a communication interface 120, the communication interface 120 is provided with a communication socket 800, the communication socket 800 is electrically connected with the PCB circuit board 300, and the communication socket 800 is electrically connected with a positioning and early warning host.

[0051] In the embodiment, the positioning and early warning host is provided with a display screen for data display.

[0052] In the embodiment, the positioning and early warning host is provided with a fire-fighting communication interface and a power supply interface.

[0053] Through the communication interface 120, the monitoring terminal device is electrically connected with the positioning and early warning host, data detected by the monitoring terminal device is transmitted to the positioning and early warning host for data processing, according to the comparison of various data of sound, particles and characteristic gas, when an abnormality occurs, the fault battery cluster can be located according to the data difference of each monitoring terminal device, and an alarm is sent through the fire-fighting system connected through the fire-fighting communication interface; meanwhile, the positioning and early warning host also has the function of device parameter adjustment, and whether an abnormality occurs can be determined according to the comparison of monitoring data and set parameters.

[0054] In the embodiment, the conductive connecting piece is a spring or a conductive sheet.

[0055] The working principle of the electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning and early warning system based on multiple signals is as follows:

[0056] The opening device, the gas near the battery cluster enters into the corresponding monitoring terminal device through the first gas flow diffusion hole 110 and the second gas flow diffusion hole 510, the light receiving sensor 224 detects the particles in the gas under the condition of receiving the light emitted by the LED light source 214, measures the concentration and size of the particulate matter in the air, and meanwhile the gas sensor detects the entering gas, detects CO, H2 and other substances in the gas; The sound sensor 600 collects the sound signal generated when the cell core pressure relief valve of the battery cluster is released, and the multiple monitoring terminals transmit the detected data of the gas, particles and sound to the positioning and early warning host for data processing, judge whether there is data anomaly, and once the anomaly occurs, an alarm is sent to remind the staff to handle in time.

[0057] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-element signal-based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning and early warning system, comprising a positioning and early warning host, characterized in that: The positioning early warning host is electrically connected with a plurality of monitoring terminal devices; The monitoring terminal device comprises a main shell (100), a first air flow diffusion hole (110) is arranged on the side wall of the main shell (100); a light source detection module (200) is arranged in the main shell (100); a sensor is also arranged in the main shell (100); the light source detection module (200) and the sensor are electrically connected with a PCB (300); the PCB (300) is arranged above the light source detection module (200) in the main shell (100); a PCB gland (400) is also arranged above the PCB (300); the PCB gland (400) is buckled with the inner wall of the main shell (100); a first shielding cover (500) is arranged on the upper cover of the main shell (100). The sensor comprises a sound sensor (600), which is arranged around the first air flow diffusion hole (110); a plurality of monitoring terminal devices are distributed and arranged on the battery cluster in the energy storage cabin, and are used for positioning and detecting the thermal runaway of the battery according to the signal strength of the sound sensor (600) at different positions.

2. The multi-element signal-based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway positioning and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source detection module (200) comprises a light emitting groove (210) and a light receiving groove (220) arranged opposite to the light emitting groove (210); an LED light groove (211) and a first convex lens fixing groove (212) are sequentially arranged in the light emitting groove (210); a tooth-shaped light labyrinth (213) is arranged at the two ends of the first convex lens fixing groove (212); an LED light source (214) is arranged in the LED light groove (211); a first convex lens (215) is arranged in the first convex lens fixing groove (212); a light receiving sensor mounting groove (221), a light transition groove (222) and a second convex lens fixing groove (223) are sequentially arranged in the light receiving groove (220); a light receiving sensor (224) is arranged in the light receiving sensor mounting groove (221); a second convex lens (225) is arranged in the second convex lens fixing groove (223); the light receiving sensor (224) and the LED light source (214) are electrically connected with the PCB (300).

3. The multi-element signal based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway location and early warning system of claim 2, wherein: The light receiving sensor (224) is a particle sensor.

4. The multi-signal based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway localization and early warning system of claim 2, wherein: The light transition groove (222) is connected by grooves with different diameters.

5. The multi-signal based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway localization and early warning system of claim 1, wherein: The sensor further comprises a gas sensor for detecting the content of characteristic gas in the ambient air in the energy storage cabin.

6. The multi-signal based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway localization and early warning system of claim 1, wherein: A second air flow diffusion hole (510) is arranged on the first shielding cover (500); the first shielding cover (500) is buckled with the main shell (100); a second shielding cover (700) is buckled on the bottom surface of the main shell (100); a conductive connecting piece is connected between the first shielding cover (500) and the second shielding cover (700); the first shielding cover (500) and the second shielding cover (700) are electrically connected with the PCB (300) through the conductive connecting piece.

7. The multi-signal based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway localization and early warning system of claim 1, wherein: The main shell (100) side wall is provided with a communication interface (120), the communication interface (120) is provided with a communication socket (800), the communication socket (800) is electrically connected with the PCB circuit board (300), and the communication socket (800) is also electrically connected with the positioning early warning host.

8. The multi-signal based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway localization and early warning system of claim 1, wherein: The positioning early warning host is provided with a display screen for data display.

9. The multi-signal based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway localization and early warning system of claim 1, wherein: The positioning early warning host is provided with a fire-fighting communication interface and a power supply interface.

10. The multi-signal based electrochemical energy storage thermal runaway localization and early warning system of claim 6, wherein: The conductive connecting piece is a spring or a conductive sheet.

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