Automatic separating machine for shells and seeds of ricinus communis

Abstract

An automatic separator for shells and seeds of ricinus communis comprises a machine body, a transmission device, a shelling device and a cleaning device. After ricinus communis enters the huller, ricinus communis capsules are cracked and separated into ricinus communis shells and ricinus communis seeds through beating of the hulling roller, the ricinus communis capsules which are not hulled are left between the screen and the hulling roller through the screen to be subjected to beating hulling again, and the purpose that the ricinus communis seeds and the ricinus communis shells of the hulled ricinus communis are separated is achieved through the draught fan. The hulling quality of the ricinus communis is improved by adopting a higher-efficiency hulling mode, and meanwhile, the labor cost is reduced; the problems that in the prior art, when castor fruits are inconsistent in size, shelling is incomplete, and shelling efficiency is low are solved, and the production rate and the market competitiveness are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural automation technology, specifically relating to an automatic castor bean husk and seed separator. Background Technology

[0002] Castor beans have been cultivated in my country for over 1400 years, and China's castor bean production accounts for approximately 30% of the world's total. Castor beans have high value. Currently, castor bean dehulling still relies heavily on manual labor, which is labor-intensive. For castor seeds mainly used for oil extraction, more efficient dehulling methods should be adopted to improve the quality of castor bean dehulling while reducing labor costs to facilitate subsequent processing. Existing roller extrusion and tumbling dehulling machines have good dehulling effects on castor beans of roughly the same size, but their effectiveness is slightly lower for castor beans of different sizes.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, an automatic castor bean husk-seed separator is proposed. This machine uses small sticks on a dehulling drum to strike the castor beans, separating the husks from the seeds. An adjustable screen then allows the cracked castor beans to fall into a cleaning mechanism below. This method can effectively improve agricultural production methods, increase efficiency, and enhance market competitiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of incomplete dehulling and low dehulling efficiency when castor fruits are of inconsistent sizes in the prior art. By using the provided device for dehulling, the working efficiency is much higher than manual work, and the problem of time-consuming and laborious separation of seeds and shells after castor dehulling is solved, thereby improving productivity and promoting the establishment and transformation of new agricultural production systems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0006] It consists of four main parts: the machine body, the transmission device, the shelling device, and the cleaning device.

[0007] The machine body includes a frame 6, a hopper 2, an upper cover 1, and a connecting plate 3. The frame 6 is placed on the workbench, the hopper 2 is connected to the frame 6 by four circumferentially distributed connecting plates 3, and the upper cover 1 is connected to the hopper 2 by circumferentially distributed bolts.

[0008] The transmission device includes a motor 8, a coupling 9, a small pulley 10, a large pulley 13, and a V-belt 11. The motor 8 is bolted to the frame 6, the small pulley 10 is connected to the motor 8 through the coupling 9, and the V-belt 11 is connected to the large pulley 13 and the small pulley 10 to provide power to the shelling device.

[0009] The shelling device includes a shelling roller (17), a screen (18), a boss (14), a screen fixing rod (15), and a fine-tuning bolt (16). The shelling roller (17) is a cylinder with several hanging rods welded on its top in a spiral pattern. Both ends are placed between the upper cover (1) and the hopper (2) through stepped bosses, and a shaft extends from one side to connect to the large pulley (13) to transmit power. The screen (18) has a semi-circular structure and is located below the shelling roller (17). Bosses (14) extend from both sides and are placed in the holes reserved on the hopper (2). The diameter of the mesh is smaller than that of a complete castor bean capsule but larger than that of castor seeds and castor shells. The screen (18) uses a fine-adjusting bolt (16) to adjust the gap between it and the shelling roller (17). The fine-adjusting bolt (16) pushes the screen (18) upward through the screen fixing rod (15) by the feed motion, so that the distance between the screen (18) and the shelling roller (17) is reduced, so that the smaller castor beans are selected again by the shelling roller (17).

[0010] The cleaning device includes a blower mounting plate 19, a blower 4, an air inlet 12, a frequency converter 5, and a discharge plate 7. The blower mounting plate 19 is bolted to the frame 6. The blower 4 and the frequency converter 5 are mounted on the blower mounting plate 19. The frequency converter 5 allows for free adjustment of the airflow to achieve the best effect. The air inlet 12 is installed at the outlet of the blower 4. The discharge plate 7 is bolted to the frame 6 and is located below the discharge port of the hopper 2. After the castor beans have been dehulled, they fall from the discharge port below the hopper 2. Due to the weight difference between the castor shells and the castor seeds, the lighter castor shells are blown away by the blower 4, while the heavier castor seeds continue to fall and are collected by the discharge plate 7 into the container below.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] After castor beans enter the dehulling machine, the dehulling rollers cause the castor capsules to crack open, separating them into castor shells and castor seeds. Castor capsules that haven't been completely dehulled are then left between the screen and the dehulling rollers for further dehulling. After dehulling, a blower separates the castor seeds from the shells. This method solves the problem of ineffective dehulling of castor beans of inconsistent sizes in traditional tumbling dehulling machines. It is of great significance for improving the mechanization level of castor bean production in my country. It can effectively improve agricultural production methods and enhance market competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 1Enlarged view of the shell-removing device at point B;

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the shell-removing device at point AA;

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures;

[0018] 1. Top cover, 2. Hopper, 3. Connecting plate, 4. Fan, 5. Frequency converter, 6. Frame, 7. Discharge plate, 8. Motor, 9. Coupling, 10. Small pulley, 11. V-belt, 12. Air inlet, 13. Large pulley, 14. Boss, 15. Screen fixing rod, 16. Fine-tuning bolt, 17. Deshelling roller, 18. Screen, 19. Fan fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Reference Appendix Figure 1 An automatic castor bean husk and seed separator comprises four main parts: machine body, transmission device, shelling device, and cleaning device.

[0021] The machine body includes a frame 6, a hopper 2, an upper cover 1, and a connecting plate 3. The frame 6 is placed on the workbench, the hopper 2 is fixedly connected to the frame 6 by four circumferentially distributed connecting plates 3, and the upper cover 1 is connected to the hopper 2 by circumferentially distributed bolts.

[0022] The transmission device includes a motor 8, a coupling 9, a small pulley 10, a large pulley 13, and a V-belt 11. The motor 8 is bolted to the frame 6, the small pulley 10 is connected to the motor 8 through the coupling 9, and the V-belt 11 is connected to the large pulley 13 and the small pulley 10 to provide power to the shelling device.

[0023] The shelling device includes a shelling roller 17, a screen 18, bosses 14, a screen fixing rod 15, and a fine-tuning bolt 16. The shelling roller 17 is cylindrical, with several small rods welded together in a spiral pattern on its upper part. Both ends are placed between the upper cover 1 and the hopper 2 via stepped bosses, and a shaft extends from one side to connect to a large pulley 13 to transmit power. The screen 18 has a semi-circular structure and is placed below the shelling roller 17. Bosses 14 extend from both sides and are placed in pre-drilled holes on the hopper 2. The diameter of the mesh is smaller than that of a complete castor bean capsule but larger than that of castor seeds and castor shells. The gap between the screen 18 and the shelling roller 17 is adjusted using the fine-tuning bolt 16. By feeding the fine-tuning bolt 16, the screen 18 is pushed upwards by the screen fixing rod 15, reducing the distance between the screen 18 and the shelling roller 17, thus allowing the smaller castor beans to be selected again by the shelling roller 17.

[0024] The cleaning device includes a blower mounting plate 19, a blower 4, an air inlet 12, a frequency converter 5, and a discharge plate 7. The blower mounting plate 19 is bolted to the frame 6. The blower 4 and the frequency converter 5 are mounted on the blower mounting plate 19. The frequency converter 5 allows for free adjustment of the airflow to achieve the best effect. The air inlet 12 is installed at the outlet of the blower 4. The discharge plate 7 is bolted to the frame 6 and is located below the discharge port of the hopper 2. After the castor beans have been dehulled, they fall from the discharge port below the hopper 2. Due to the weight difference between the castor shells and the castor seeds, the lighter castor shells are blown away by the blower 4, while the heavier castor seeds continue to fall and are collected by the discharge plate 7 into the container below.

[0025] The method of using this invention is as follows:

[0026] After the castor bean dehulling machine is started, the castor beans enter the hopper 2 through the upper cover 1. The motor 8 serves as the power source, driving the dehulling drum 17 to rotate at high speed via the V-belt 11. This causes the hanging rollers on the dehulling drum 17 to strike the castor beans, achieving the separation of the pericarp and the seeds. The mesh of the screen 18 is designed to be smaller than that of the intact castor beans, ensuring that the cracked castor beans fall into the cleaning mechanism below. Furthermore, the screen 18 can be adjusted relative to the dehulling drum 1 using the fine-tuning bolt 16. The gap 7 is adjusted by the feed of the fine-tuning bolt 16, which pushes the screen 18 upward through the screen fixing rod 15, thereby reducing the distance between the screen 18 and the shelling roller 17. This allows the smaller castor beans to be selected again by the shelling roller 17. After the castor beans are shelled, they fall from the discharge port below the hopper 2. Due to the weight difference between the castor shells and the castor seeds, the lighter castor shells are blown away by the blower 4, while the heavier castor seeds continue to fall and are collected by the discharge plate 7 into the container below.

Claims

1. An automatic castor bean husk and seed separator, characterized in that: It consists of four main parts: machine body, transmission device, shelling device, and cleaning device. The machine body includes a frame (6), a hopper (2), an upper cover (1), and connecting plates (3). The frame (6) is placed on the workbench, and the hopper (2) is connected to the frame (6) by four circumferentially distributed connecting plates (3). The upper cover (1) is connected to the hopper (2) by circumferentially distributed bolts. The transmission device includes a motor (8), a coupling (9), a small pulley (10), a large pulley (13), and a V-belt (11). The motor (8) is connected to the frame (6) by bolts, and the small pulley (10) is connected to the motor (8) by the coupling (9). The V-belt (11) is connected to the large pulley (13) and the small pulley (10) to provide power to the shelling device; the shelling device includes a shelling roller (17), a screen (18), a boss (14), a screen fixing rod (15), and a fine-tuning bolt (16); the shelling roller (17) is a cylinder, with several hanging rods arranged and welded in a spiral pattern on its upper part, and both ends are placed between the upper end cover (1) and the hopper (2) through stepped bosses, and one side extends a shaft to connect to the large pulley (13) to transmit power. The screen (18) has a semi-circular structure and is located below the shelling roller (17), with bosses (14) extending from both sides and placed in the hopper (17). 2) The diameter of the mesh in the pre-drilled holes is smaller than that of the complete castor bean capsule but larger than that of the castor seeds and castor shells; the screen (18) uses a fine-adjustment bolt (16) to adjust the gap between it and the shelling roller (17). The fine-adjustment bolt (16) pushes the screen (18) upward through the screen fixing rod (15) by the feed motion, so that the distance between the screen (18) and the shelling roller (17) is reduced, so that the smaller castor beans are selected again by the shelling roller (17); the cleaning device includes a blower fixing plate (19), a blower (4), an air inlet (12), a frequency converter (5) and a discharge plate (7); the blower fixing plate (19) makes The fan (4) and frequency converter (5) are bolted to the frame (6). The fan (4) and frequency converter (5) are mounted on the fan mounting plate (19). The wind force can be freely adjusted by the frequency converter (5) to achieve the best effect. The air duct (12) is installed at the air outlet of the fan (4). The discharge plate (7) is bolted to the frame (6) and located below the discharge port of the hopper (2). After the castor beans are dehulled, they fall from the discharge port below the hopper (2). Due to the weight difference between the castor shells and the castor seeds, the lighter castor shells are blown away by the fan (4), while the heavier castor seeds continue to fall and are collected by the discharge plate (7) into the container below.

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