Bridge type bidirectional limiting and damping device for track

Abstract

A bridge type two-way limiting damping device for a rail comprises a bolt, a lock washer, an upper pressing plate, an upper cover plate, a damping spring washer, an under-rail iron base plate, an outer frame, a high spring washer, a gauge block, an elastic strip, a T-shaped bolt for fixing the elastic strip and the under-rail base plate. According to the bridge type bidirectional limiting damping device for the track, the following components are sequentially arranged from top to bottom: bolts sequentially penetrate through bolt holes or internal cavities preset in the following components from top to bottom: lock washers, upper pressing plates, upper cover plates, damping elastic pads, under-track iron base plates, outer frames and high elastic pads; the outer frame is composed of an outer frame body, abutments and positioning piles. The under-rail iron base plate is composed of an under-rail iron base plate base body, an under-rail iron base plate long-strip-shaped hole, a U-shaped notch for an abutment and an elastic strip iron base. Shock absorption and limiting protection can be effectively carried out in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction; the device is stable in structure, convenient to install, accurate in adjustment amount, good in damping performance and long in service life; the industrial application is convenient; and the comprehensive technical effect is excellent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of track limiting and fixing structure design and application technology, and in particular to a bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device for tracks. Background Technology

[0002] Rail fixing devices are used to securely fix rails to the track foundation. They typically include a fastening system, sleeper bolts, and other components. The fastening system generally consists of elastic clips, gauge blocks, and rubber pads, providing sufficient fastening force to prevent longitudinal and lateral displacement of the rails during train operation. Sleeper bolts connect the rails to the sleepers, enhancing track stability.

[0003] The performance of rail fixing devices directly affects the safety and reliability of railway tracks. Good fixing devices can reduce rail wear, lower noise, and improve the smoothness of train operation. At the same time, they also need to have a certain degree of adjustability to adapt to different track conditions and temperature changes. In railway construction and maintenance, the selection and installation of rail fixing devices must be strictly carried out in accordance with relevant requirements to ensure the quality and safety of the tracks.

[0004] Currently, taking the common practice of subway trains running in tunnels in China as an example, the concrete surface under the tunnel bears the huge impact force generated by the train's operation. This impact force may cause the tunnel to gradually settle to varying degrees, resulting in various diseases of the above-ground facilities and the soil around the tunnel.

[0005] Vertical damping is an effective measure to prevent tunnel settlement, while lateral and longitudinal limiting are effective measures to ensure train operation safety. Since the impact force generated by train operation is directly transmitted to the tunnel's underlying concrete surface by the rail damping pads, the rail pads must meet the rated requirements for vertical damping and lateral limiting. Furthermore, due to the settlement of the tunnel structure and the superelevation of small-radius curves, it is impossible to install lateral fixed shoulders on the tunnel's underlying concrete surface to laterally limit the track frame. Currently, there are many types of damping pads used in subway tunnels. One type consists of a double-layer damping pad composed of a layer of iron pad and a layer of elastic rubber pad underneath, relying on vertical clamping pressure to meet the lateral limiting of the pad. However, this results in zero vertical damping from the elastic rubber pad, relying entirely on the rail-mounted rubber pad for damping, leading to poor damping performance. The second type involves sandwiching an elastic rubber pad between two layers of iron pads, but this causes the overall height to exceed the standard, and the stability requirements cannot be met.

[0006] There is an urgent need for a high-performance, technically advanced bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for subway rails. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention provides a bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device for subway rails. It can absorb the tunnel settlement caused by the impact force generated during train operation to the maximum extent, and can effectively limit and dampen shocks in both the lateral and longitudinal directions. This ensures the absolute safety of train operation.

[0008] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0009] The track-mounted bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device is a modular structure. In each modular structure, the main structural components are intermittently arranged on both sides of the rail 15. It is used to fix the rail 15 to its mounting foundation and simultaneously provide good bidirectional damping. Its key technology is:

[0010] It includes bolt 1, anti-loosening washer 2, upper pressure plate 3, upper cover plate 4, shock-absorbing elastic pad 5, rail underplate 6, outer frame 7, high elastic pad 10, gauge block 11, elastic clip 12, T-bolt for fixing elastic clip 13, and rail underplate 14; wherein:

[0011] The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device consists of the following components arranged from top to bottom: bolt 1, anti-loosening washer 2, upper pressure plate 3, upper cover plate 4, shock-absorbing spring pad 5, rail under iron pad 6, and high elastic pad 10; bolt 1 has its large end on top and passes through the pre-set bolt holes or internal cavities of the following components from top to bottom: anti-loosening washer 2, upper pressure plate 3, upper cover plate 4, shock-absorbing spring pad 5, rail under iron pad 6, outer frame 7, and high elastic pad 10;

[0012] The rail pad 14 is arranged between the bottom surface of the rail 15 and the rail pad 6; the T-bolt 13 for fixing the elastic bar presses the gauge block 11 through the elastic bar 12, thereby locking the rail 15, the rail pad 14 and the rail pad 6 into one piece.

[0013] The shock-absorbing pad 5, the rail underplate 6, and the upper part of the high-elasticity pad 10 are arranged in the internal cavity of the outer frame 7;

[0014] The outer frame 7 is a bridge-type frame structure, which is one of the key innovations of this utility model. Its specific composition is as follows: outer frame 7.1, pier 7.2, positioning pile 7.3, L-shaped inner groove 7.4, dovetail groove 7.5, V-shaped limiting structure 7.6, angular composite shock-absorbing pad 9, and limiting pile 7.7; wherein: the square frame structure outer frame 7.1 is its structural foundation, the pier 7.2 is a protruding structure that is fixedly connected to the outer frame 7.1 and extends into the outer frame 7.1; the upper part of the pier 7.2 is also provided with a positioning pile 7.3 higher than the upper surface of the outer frame 7.1; at least two sets of piers 7.2 and positioning piles 7.3 are provided, each set having at least one pier 7.2 and one positioning pile 7.3; the end of the pier 7.2 away from the outer frame 7.1 has a "U" shaped structure on the top-down projection plane to avoid stress concentration;

[0015] The rail pad 6 is composed of the following components: rail pad base 6.1, rail pad elongated hole 6.2, pier U-shaped notch 6.3, and spring clip seat 6.4; wherein: the rail pad elongated hole 6.2 is the basic plate structure of the rail pad 6; the pier U-shaped notch 6.3 is a notch structure that matches the pier 7.2; the bolt holes on the rail pad 6 that allow bolts 1 to pass through are elliptical rail pad elongated holes 6.2; the spring clip seat 6.4, which cooperates with the spring clip 12 to support the spring clip 12, is arranged on the upper side of the rail pad 6 and extends upward. There are four spring clip seats 6.4 in a group, and the center of the four spring clip seats 6.4 in the same group is also provided with a square hole for installing the spring clip fixing T-bolt 13 for fixing the spring clip 12.

[0016] The U-shaped notch 6.3 of the pier and the pier 7.2 work together to form a rigid restraint structure.

[0017] The preferred technical content to be protected in this utility model is as follows:

[0018] The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device is also equipped with an angular composite shock-absorbing pad 9 with an "L" shaped structure.

[0019] The outer frame 7 is also equipped with an L-shaped inner groove 7.4, a dovetail groove 7.5, a V-shaped limiting structure 7.6, a rail pad 14, an angular composite shock-absorbing pad 9, and a limiting pile 7.7; among which: the L-shaped inner groove 7.4 is set on the inner side of the outer frame 7.1, and the specific corresponding structure meets the following requirements: on the inner side of the outer frame 7.1, near the bottom surface of the outer frame 7.1, there is an annular protrusion extending into the inner cavity of the outer frame 7.1, which is displayed as an "L"-shaped groove structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom on the cross-section of the inner side of the outer frame 7.1, so that the L-shaped inner groove 7.4 can support the internal structure: the angular composite shock-absorbing pad 9 placed outside the rail pad 6 in the inner cavity of the outer frame 7;

[0020] The outer frame 7 is also provided with a dovetail groove 7.5 and a V-shaped limiting structure 7.6, both of which are arranged on the upper surface at the corner of the outer frame 7.1. At least one dovetail groove 7.5 is provided, and the dovetail groove 7.5 is located near the right-angle corner of the outer frame 7.1, which has a macroscopic rectangular shape. The angle between the extension sliding direction of the dovetail groove 7.5 and one side of the outer frame 7.1 is 30° to 60°.

[0021] The V-shaped limiting structure 7.6 is a protruding structure that extends above the outer frame 7.1;

[0022] The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device is equipped with an angular cover plate 8, which is composed of the following: angular cover plate base 8.1, lower dovetail boss 8.2, V-shaped protrusion 8.3, and rectangular positioning notch 8.4; wherein: the angular cover plate base 8.1 is an "L"-shaped plate structure that corresponds locally to the outer frame 7.1, and the lower dovetail boss 8.2, which forms a virtual-solid fit structure with the dovetail groove 7.5, is set on the bottom surface of the angular cover plate base 8.1 and protrudes downward; the V-shaped protrusion 8.3 and the rectangular positioning notch 8.4 are respectively arranged at both ends of the "L"-shaped plate structure angular cover plate base 8.1; the rectangular positioning notch 8.4 cooperates with the angular cover plate limiting port 4.4 to form a limiting structure to prevent the angular cover plate 8 from loosening;

[0023] The V-shaped protrusion 8.3 and the V-shaped limiting structure 7.6 work together to form a combined assembly structure;

[0024] The bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for rails meets one or a combination of the following requirements:

[0025] Firstly, the upper pressure plate 3 is composed of: a radial adjustment mark 3.1 for the center hole, a center hole 3.2 for the upper pressure plate, and lower teeth 3.3; wherein: the center hole 3.2 for the upper pressure plate is a stepped hole with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part; the radial adjustment mark 3.1 for the center hole is arranged radially in the center hole 3.2 of the upper pressure plate and longitudinally in the entire track bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device, and it is specifically a groove structure; the lower teeth 3.3 are arranged on the lower surface of the upper pressure plate 3, and the teeth of the lower teeth 3.3 are arranged longitudinally in the entire track bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device.

[0026] The upper cover plate 4 is arranged below the upper pressure plate 3. The upper cover plate 4 is composed of the following: upper teeth 4.1, central elongated hole 4.2, edge limiting notch 4.3, angular cover plate limiting opening 4.4, and upper cover plate base 4.5; the upper cover plate base 4.5, as a plate-type structural component, is the basic structure of the upper cover plate 4; wherein: the teeth of the upper teeth 4.1 are arranged longitudinally along the entire track using a bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device on the upper side of the upper cover plate base 4.5; the upper teeth 4.1 and the lower... The tooth shape and specifications of the lower tooth 3.3 are the same, and the tooth pitch is 2±0.5mm; the upper tooth 4.1 is arranged on both sides of the transverse side of the central elongated hole 4.2, and at least one of the upper tooth 4.1 and the lower tooth 3.3 that cooperate with each other extends out of the base body; the main body of the upper cover plate base 4.5 is a rectangular plate structure, and each of its three sides, except the side closest to the rail 15, is provided with an edge limiting notch 4.3 for cooperating with the positioning pile 7.3;

[0027] Secondly, the outer frame 7 is provided with two sets of positioning piles 7.3, each set containing three positioning piles 7.3. One of the outer frame 7 in each set is located on the upper part of the pier 7.2, and the other two positioning piles 7.3 are located on the upper part of two mutually perpendicular sides of the outer frame 7.1 near the pier 7.2. Each positioning pile 7.3 has a radial adjustment mark 3.1 of the center hole arranged radially along the theoretical standard axis of the bolt 1 on its upper surface.

[0028] Thirdly, the dovetail groove 7.5 is located near the right-angle corner of the outer frame 7.1, which has a macroscopic rectangular shape, and the angle between the extending sliding direction of the dovetail groove 7.5 and one side of the outer frame 7.1 is 45°.

[0029] Fourth, the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 is composed of: a shock-absorbing spring pad base 5.1 and a shock-absorbing spring pad center hole 5.2; wherein: the macroscopic structure of the shock-absorbing spring pad base 5.1 is a rectangular plate structure, and the shock-absorbing spring pad center hole 5.2, which is used to accommodate the bolt 1 passing through it, is a through hole with a circular cross-section; when the high-elasticity pad 10, the rail underplate 6 and the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 are installed in the inner cavity of the outer frame 7, the upper surface of the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 is 2±0.5mm higher than the upper surface of the outer frame 7. After installation, the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 is compressed by the upper cover plate to a height that is flush with the upper surface of the outer frame 7.1; the pre-stress generated by the pre-deformation of the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 makes the rail underplate 6 more stable, and at the same time absorbs the rebound force to prevent the rail underplate 6 from rigidly colliding with the upper cover plate 4;

[0030] Fifth, the high-elasticity pad 10 is composed of: a high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1, a high-elasticity pad boss 10.2, a pier notch 10.3, and a high-elasticity pad elongated hole 10.4; wherein: the high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure arranged at the bottom of the entire high-elasticity pad 10; the high-elasticity pad boss 10.2 is a protruding structure that is fixedly connected to the high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1 and extends upwards from the high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1; the pier notch 10.3 is a "U"-shaped notch set on the high-elasticity pad boss 10.2 and corresponding to the pier 7.2 with the high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1 as the base plate; and the high-elasticity pad elongated hole 10.4 is a through hole set on the high-elasticity pad boss 10.2 and corresponding to the bolt 1.

[0031] The bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for the track meets the following requirements:

[0032] Firstly, the outer frame 7 is provided with a limiting structure 7.7 that protrudes into the inner cavity to restrict the angular composite shock-absorbing pad 9 and prevent it from shifting.

[0033] Secondly, the following structural features are provided with transition rounded chamfers: at the corners of two adjacent inner cavities of the rectangular frame of the outer frame 7.1 in the outer frame 7, and at the corners where the upper vertical part and the lower horizontal part of the L-shaped inner groove 7.4 on the cross-section of the outer frame 7.1 connect;

[0034] Thirdly, the bolt holes in the following parts are elongated holes formed by combining two semicircles and a rectangle with the same diameter and width as the semicircles: the central elongated hole 4.2, the rail pad elongated hole 6.2, and the high elastic pad elongated hole 10.4; and the aforementioned three have the length direction in the transverse direction parallel to the cross-section of the rail 15, and the size of the elongated hole in the length direction is larger than the size of the elongated hole in the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the length direction;

[0035] Fourth, a flat washer is also provided between bolt 1 and anti-loosening washer 2;

[0036] Fifth, the lower part of the T-bolt 13 for fixing the spring clip is a T-head, and the upper part is a threaded connection section; on the upper threaded connection section, a flat washer and a nut are arranged from bottom to top above the spring clip 12.

[0037] The key advantages of the bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device for rails described in this utility model are as follows:

[0038] 1. This device is designed with a bridge-type frame around the rail pad 6, which is a set of structures mainly consisting of the outer frame 7, etc. The frame is designed with piers 7.2 connected to the outer frame 7.1, which together with the outer frame 7 bear the downward rated clamping force transmitted by the upper cover plate 4, so that the entire frame can be stably installed on the concrete surface under the tunnel.

[0039] 2. The device is equipped with a pier 7.2 built into the frame. The plane of the pier 7.2 is designed as a U-shape to match the pier on the rail pad 6 with a U-shaped notch 6.3. It can not only bear the clamping force, but also provide emergency protection for the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the rail pad when the transverse and longitudinal angle composite shock-absorbing pad of the rail pad inside the frame fails.

[0040] 3. This device is designed with a set of three positioning stakes 7.3 on the outer frame 7 to locate the installation position of the upper cover plate 4 and the installation position of the upper pressure plate 3 that cooperates with the upper cover plate 4. The positioning stakes 7.3 are designed with the correct position and allowable adjustment of the upper pressure plate 3, i.e., the radial adjustment mark 3.1 of the center hole, which realizes precise positioning and facilitates installation and maintenance. The positioning stakes 7.3 match the pre-set notch on the upper cover plate, i.e. the edge limiting notch 4.3, which can effectively prevent the upper cover plate 4 and the outer frame 7 from displacement.

[0041] 4. The device has an L-shaped inner groove 7.4 designed on the inner side of the outer frame 7 for installing the angular composite shock absorber 9, which facilitates the installation and replacement of the angular composite shock absorber 9 and improves the horizontal and longitudinal stiffness of the outer frame 7.

[0042] 5. The device also has a dovetail groove 7.5 and a V-shaped limiting structure 7.6 designed on the outer frame 7 for fixing the corner cover plate 8. The dovetail groove 7.5 is preferably designed in the 45-degree direction of the 90-degree angle bisector inside the outer frame 7, so that the corner cover plate 8 is stable and not easy to fall off when subjected to external force.

[0043] 6. This device also includes an angular cover plate 8. The angular cover plate 8 has a lower dovetail protrusion 8.2 that matches the dovetail groove 7.5 on the outer frame 7. One end of the angular cover plate 8 has a V-shaped protrusion 8.3 that matches the V-shaped limiting structure 7.6. The other end of the angular cover plate 8 has a rectangular positioning notch 8.4 that matches the angular cover plate limiting port 4.4 on the upper cover plate 4. With the help of these two parts, the angular cover plate 8 can be stably installed on the outer frame 7, effectively preventing the angular composite shock absorber 9 from shifting upward, and achieving the purpose of convenient installation and replacement of the angular composite shock absorber 9.

[0044] 7. The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device of this utility model is designed with a bridge-type upper cover plate 4, which is pressed against the outer edge of the outer frame 7 and the pier 7.2 set inside the frame, transmitting the pressing force to the outer frame 7. It matches the positioning piles 7.3 in a group of three on the frame through a rectangular notch, i.e., the edge limiting notch 4.3, to achieve precise positioning of the upper cover plate 4. Correspondingly, an angular cover plate limiting port 4.4 is designed to cooperate with the rectangular positioning notch 8.4 at one end of the angular cover plate 8 to position one end of the angular cover plate 8. The upper cover plate 4 is provided with upper teeth 4.1 that are installed in a concave-convex fit with the lower teeth 3.3 on the upper pressure plate 3. When needed, the different teeth that cooperate with each other can be adjusted laterally to meet the adjustment requirements within a certain range under different track gauges, and also limit the possible abnormal displacement of the outer frame 7 as a whole.

[0045] 8. The lower teeth 3.3 on the upper pressure plate 3 cooperate with the upper teeth 4.1 on the upper cover plate 4. The center hole 3.2 of the upper pressure plate is marked with a radial adjustment mark 3.1. The teeth can directly transmit the pressure provided by the bolt 1 to the upper cover plate 4. When the gauge needs to be widened by a large amount, the relevant structure as a whole can be precisely adjusted according to the radial adjustment mark 3.1 on the center hole of the upper pressure plate 3 and the mark on the positioning pile on the outer frame 7 according to the required adjustment amount.

[0046] 9. The shock-absorbing pad 5 provides a prestress to the rail under plate 6 under zero load, so that the rail under plate 6 fits tightly with the high elastic pad 10 under zero load. Secondly, it absorbs the upward elastic reaction force under dynamic load, avoiding rigid collision between the rail under plate 6 and the upper cover plate 4 and reducing the upward impact force on the upper cover plate 4 and bolt 1.

[0047] 10. Angle-shaped composite shock-absorbing pads 9 are designed in the L-shaped inner grooves 7.4 at the four corners of the inner cavity of the outer frame 7. First, they meet the requirements of the rail pad 6 to make a small nonlinear mechanical movement within the frame. Second, they absorb the lateral and longitudinal impact forces from the rail pad 6, so that the outer frame 7 is not subjected to rigid impact and ensures the overall stability of the rail pad 6, etc.

[0048] 11. The rail pad 6 is provided with a U-shaped notch 6.3 for abutment, which cooperates with the abutment 7.2 inside the outer frame 7 to make the rail pad 6 more stable inside the outer frame 7.

[0049] 12. A rail pad 14 is provided between the bottom surface of the rail 15 and the rail pad 6. It is made of elastic material and is set in the inner groove of the outer frame 7. It can effectively limit the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the rail pad 14.

[0050] 13. The high-elasticity pad 10 can play the roles of shock absorption, insulation and anti-slip, and it can fully lift the bottom surface of the rail under iron pad 6. This also ensures the maximum force-bearing area of ​​the high-elasticity pad 10, reduces the pressure, and enables the high-elasticity pad 10 to play a better shock absorption role, while effectively extending its service life.

[0051] 14. High-elasticity pads 10, outer frame 7, rail underplate 6; angular composite shock-absorbing pads 9 and angular cover plates 8, etc., can be pre-assembled in the production workshop, and other accessories can be assembled after arriving at the site, which facilitates industrialization and improves laying efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a simplified three-dimensional diagram of the structure of the bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for tracks described in Example 1;

[0053] Figure 2 In order to be in Figure 1 The top view of the simplified structural diagram of the bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for the track is shown in the lower left corner.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a simplified transverse sectional view of the structure of the bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for tracks described in Example 1;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device through the axis of T-bolt 13;

[0056] Figure 5 The diagram shows a simplified structural schematic of the bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for rails described in Example 1, along with exploded views of its components.

[0057] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the upper pressure plate 3.

[0058] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional view of the upper cover plate 4.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a 3D view of the shock-absorbing spring pad 5.

[0060] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional view of the rail underplate 6.

[0061] Figure 10 This is a 3D view of the parts for the outer frame 7;

[0062] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional drawing of the corner cover plate 8.

[0063] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional view of the high-elasticity pad 10. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached figures are explained below:

[0065] 1 bolt, 2 anti-loosening washers;

[0066] Upper pressure plate 3: radial adjustment mark 3.1 for the center hole, center hole 3.2 for the upper pressure plate, and lower teeth 3.3;

[0067] Top cover plate 4: upper teeth 4.1, central elongated hole 4.2, edge limiting notch 4.3, angular cover plate limiting opening 4.4, base 4.5;

[0068] Shock-absorbing pad 5: Shock-absorbing pad base 5.1, shock-absorbing pad center hole 5.2;

[0069] Rail pad 6: Rail pad base 6.1, Rail pad elongated hole 6.2, U-shaped notch for pier 6.3, Elastic rail seat 6.4;

[0070] 7. Outer frame: 7.1 Outer frame, 7.2 Pier, 7.3 Positioning pile, 7.4 L-shaped inner groove, 7.5 Dovetail groove, 7.6 V-shaped limiting structure, 7.7 Angle composite shock absorber pad, 9 Limiting pile;

[0071] 8. Angle-shaped cover plate: 8.1. Angle-shaped cover plate base, 8.2. Lower dovetail boss, 8.3. V-shaped protrusion, 8.4. Rectangular positioning notch;

[0072] 9. Angle-shaped composite shock-absorbing pad, 10. High-elasticity pad: 10.1. High-elasticity pad base plate, 10.2. High-elasticity pad boss, 10.3. Pier notch, 10.4. High-elasticity pad elongated hole;

[0073] 11. Track gauge block; 12. Elastic clip; 13. T-bolt for fixing the elastic clip; 14. Rail pad; 15. Rail.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] Track-mounted bidirectional limiting and damping device, such as Figures 1-12 As shown; it is a modular structure; in each modular structure, the main structural components are intermittently arranged on both sides of the rail 15; used to fix the rail 15 to its mounting foundation and at the same time provide good bidirectional vibration damping; its key technology is:

[0076] It includes bolts 1, anti-loosening washers 2, upper pressure plates 3, upper cover plates 4, shock-absorbing spring pads 5, rail underplates 6, outer frame 7, angled cover plates 8, angled composite shock-absorbing pads 9, high-elasticity pads 10, gauge blocks 11, elastic clips 12, T-bolts for fixing elastic clips 13, and rail underplates 14; wherein:

[0077] The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device consists of the following components arranged from top to bottom: bolt 1, anti-loosening washer 2, upper pressure plate 3, upper cover plate 4, shock-absorbing spring pad 5, rail under iron pad 6, and high elastic pad 10; bolt 1 has its large end on top and passes through the pre-set bolt holes or internal cavities of the following components from top to bottom: anti-loosening washer 2, upper pressure plate 3, upper cover plate 4, shock-absorbing spring pad 5, rail under iron pad 6, outer frame 7, and high elastic pad 10;

[0078] The rail pad 14 is arranged between the bottom surface of the rail 15 and the rail pad 6; the T-bolt 13 for fixing the elastic bar presses the gauge block 11 through the elastic bar 12, thereby locking the rail 15, the rail pad 14 and the rail pad 6 into one piece.

[0079] The shock-absorbing pad 5, the rail underplate 6, and the upper part of the high-elasticity pad 10 are arranged in the internal cavity of the outer frame 7;

[0080] The outer frame 7 is a bridge-type frame structure, specifically composed of: outer frame 7.1, pier 7.2, positioning pile 7.3, L-shaped inner groove 7.4, dovetail groove 7.5, V-shaped limiting structure 7.6, rail pad 14, angular composite shock-absorbing pad 9, and limiting pile 7.7; wherein: the square frame structure outer frame 7.1 is its structural foundation, and the pier 7.2 is a protruding structure that is fixedly connected to the outer frame 7.1 and extends into the outer frame 7.1; the upper part of the pier 7.2 is also provided with positioning piles 7.3 that are higher than the upper surface of the outer frame 7.1; there are at least 2 sets of piers 7.2 and positioning piles 7.3, each set having at least 1 pier 7.2 and 1 positioning pile 7.3; the end of the pier 7.2 away from the outer frame 7.1 has a "U" shaped structure on the top-down projection plane to avoid stress concentration;

[0081] The rail pad 6 is composed of the following components: rail pad base 6.1, rail pad elongated hole 6.2, pier U-shaped notch 6.3, and spring clip seat 6.4; wherein: the rail pad elongated hole 6.2 is the basic plate structure of the rail pad 6; the pier U-shaped notch 6.3 is a notch structure that matches the pier 7.2; the bolt holes on the rail pad 6 that allow bolts 1 to pass through are elliptical rail pad elongated holes 6.2; the spring clip seat 6.4, which cooperates with the spring clip 12 to support the spring clip 12, is arranged on the upper side of the rail pad 6 and extends upward. There are four spring clip seats 6.4 in a group, and the center of the four spring clip seats 6.4 in the same group is also provided with a square hole for installing the spring clip fixing T-bolt 13 for fixing the spring clip 12.

[0082] The U-shaped notch 6.3 of the pier and the pier 7.2 work together to form a rigid restraint structure.

[0083] The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device is also equipped with an angular composite shock-absorbing pad 9 with an "L" shaped structure.

[0084] The outer frame 7 is also provided with an L-shaped inner groove 7.4, a dovetail groove 7.5, and a V-shaped limiting structure 7.6; among which: the L-shaped inner groove 7.4 is provided on the inner side of the outer frame 7.1, and the specific corresponding structure meets the following requirements: on the inner side of the outer frame 7.1, near the bottom surface of the outer frame 7.1, there is an annular protrusion extending into the inner cavity of the outer frame 7.1, which is displayed as an "L"-shaped groove structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom on the cross-section of the inner side of the outer frame 7.1, so that the L-shaped inner groove 7.4 can support the internal structure placed outside the iron pad 6 under the rail in the inner cavity of the outer frame 7: angular composite shock-absorbing pad 9;

[0085] The outer frame 7 is also provided with a dovetail groove 7.5 and a V-shaped limiting structure 7.6, both of which are arranged on the upper surface at the corner of the outer frame 7.1. At least one dovetail groove 7.5 is provided, and the dovetail groove 7.5 is located near the right-angle corner of the outer frame 7.1, which has a macroscopic rectangular shape. The angle between the extension sliding direction of the dovetail groove 7.5 and one side of the outer frame 7.1 is 30° to 60° (more preferably 45°).

[0086] The V-shaped limiting structure 7.6 is a protruding structure that extends above the outer frame 7.1;

[0087] The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device is equipped with an angular cover plate 8, which is composed of the following: angular cover plate base 8.1, lower dovetail boss 8.2, V-shaped protrusion 8.3, and rectangular positioning notch 8.4; wherein: the angular cover plate base 8.1 is an "L"-shaped plate structure that corresponds locally to the outer frame 7.1, and the lower dovetail boss 8.2, which forms a virtual-solid fit structure with the dovetail groove 7.5, is set on the bottom surface of the angular cover plate base 8.1 and protrudes downward; the V-shaped protrusion 8.3 and the rectangular positioning notch 8.4 are respectively arranged at both ends of the "L"-shaped plate structure angular cover plate base 8.1; the rectangular positioning notch 8.4 cooperates with the angular cover plate limiting port 4.4 to form a limiting structure to prevent the angular cover plate 8 from loosening;

[0088] The V-shaped protrusion 8.3 and the V-shaped limiting structure 7.6 work together to form a combined assembly structure;

[0089] The bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for the track meets the following requirements:

[0090] Firstly, the upper pressure plate 3 is composed of: a radial adjustment mark 3.1 for the center hole, a center hole 3.2 for the upper pressure plate, and lower teeth 3.3; wherein: the center hole 3.2 for the upper pressure plate is a stepped hole with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part; the radial adjustment mark 3.1 for the center hole is arranged radially in the center hole 3.2 of the upper pressure plate and longitudinally in the entire track bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device, and it is specifically a groove structure; the lower teeth 3.3 are arranged on the lower surface of the upper pressure plate 3, and the teeth of the lower teeth 3.3 are arranged longitudinally in the entire track bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device.

[0091] The upper cover plate 4 is arranged below the upper pressure plate 3. The upper cover plate 4 is composed of the following: upper teeth 4.1, central elongated hole 4.2, edge limiting notch 4.3, angular cover plate limiting opening 4.4, and upper cover plate base 4.5. The upper cover plate base 4.5, as a plate-type structural component, is the basic structure of the upper cover plate 4. Among them, the teeth of the upper teeth 4.1 are arranged longitudinally along the entire track using a bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device on the upper plane of the upper cover plate base 4.5. The upper teeth 4.1 and the lower teeth 3.3 have the same tooth shape and specifications, and the tooth pitch is 2. ±0.5mm; the upper teeth 4.1 are arranged on both sides of the central elongated hole 4.2, and at least one of the upper teeth 4.1 and the lower teeth 3.3 that cooperate with each other extends out of the base body; the main body of the upper cover plate base 4.5 is a rectangular plate structure, and each of its three sides, except the side closest to the rail 15, is provided with an edge limiting notch 4.3 for cooperating with the positioning pile 7.3; the rectangular positioning notch 8.4 cooperates with the corner cover plate limiting opening 4.4 to form a limiting structure to prevent the corner cover plate 8 from loosening;

[0092] Secondly, the outer frame 7 is provided with two sets of positioning piles 7.3, each set containing three positioning piles 7.3. One of the positioning piles 7.3 in each set is located on the upper part of the pier 7.2, and the other two positioning piles 7.3 are located on the upper part of two mutually perpendicular sides of the outer frame 7.1 near the pier 7.2. Each positioning pile 7.3 has a radial adjustment mark 3.1 of the center hole arranged radially along the theoretical standard axis of the bolt 1 on its upper surface.

[0093] Thirdly, the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 is composed of: a shock-absorbing spring pad base 5.1 and a shock-absorbing spring pad center hole 5.2; wherein: the macroscopic structure of the shock-absorbing spring pad base 5.1 is a rectangular plate structure, and the shock-absorbing spring pad center hole 5.2, which is used to accommodate the bolt 1 passing through it, is a through hole with a circular cross-section; when the high-elasticity pad 10, the rail underplate 6 and the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 are installed in the inner cavity of the outer frame 7, the upper surface of the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 is 2±0.5mm higher than the upper surface of the outer frame 7.1. After installation, the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 is compressed by the upper cover plate to a height flush with the upper surface of the outer frame 7.1; the pre-stress generated by the pre-deformation of the shock-absorbing spring pad 5 makes the rail underplate 6 more stable, and at the same time absorbs the reverse rebound force to prevent the rail underplate 6 from rigidly colliding with the upper cover plate 4.

[0094] Fourth, the high-elasticity pad 10 is composed of: a high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1, a high-elasticity pad boss 10.2, a pier notch 10.3, and a high-elasticity pad elongated hole 10.4; wherein: the high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1 is a rectangular plate structure arranged at the bottom of the entire high-elasticity pad 10; the high-elasticity pad boss 10.2 is a protruding structure that is fixedly connected to the high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1 and extends upwards from the high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1; the pier notch 10.3 is a "U"-shaped notch set on the high-elasticity pad boss 10.2 and corresponding to the pier 7.2 with the high-elasticity pad base plate 10.1 as the base plate; the high-elasticity pad elongated hole 10.4 is a through hole set on the high-elasticity pad boss 10.2 and corresponding to the bolt 1.

[0095] The bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for rails meets one or a combination of the following requirements:

[0096] Firstly, the outer frame 7 is provided with a limiting structure 7.7 that protrudes into the inner cavity to restrict the angular composite shock-absorbing pad 9 and prevent it from shifting.

[0097] Secondly, the following structural features are provided with transition rounded chamfers: at the corners of two adjacent inner cavities of the rectangular frame of the outer frame 7.1 in the outer frame 7, and at the corners where the upper vertical part and the lower horizontal part of the L-shaped inner groove 7.4 on the cross-section of the outer frame 7.1 connect;

[0098] Thirdly, the bolt holes in the following parts are elongated holes formed by combining two semicircles and a rectangle with the same diameter and width as the semicircles: the central elongated hole 4.2, the rail pad elongated hole 6.2, and the high elastic pad elongated hole 10.4; and the aforementioned three have the length direction in the transverse direction parallel to the cross-section of the rail 15, and the size of the elongated hole in the length direction is larger than the size of the elongated hole in the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the length direction;

[0099] Fourth, a flat washer is also provided between bolt 1 and anti-loosening washer 2;

[0100] Fifth, the lower part of the T-bolt 13 for fixing the spring clip is a T-head, and the upper part is a threaded connection section; on the upper threaded connection section, a flat washer and a nut are arranged from bottom to top above the spring clip 12.

[0101] The key advantages of the bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for rails described in this embodiment are as follows:

[0102] 1. This device is designed with a bridge-type frame around the rail pad 6, which is a set of structures mainly consisting of the outer frame 7, etc. The frame is designed with piers 7.2 connected to the outer frame 7.1, which together with the outer frame 7 bear the downward rated clamping force transmitted by the upper cover plate 4, so that the entire frame can be stably installed on the concrete surface under the tunnel.

[0103] 2. The device is equipped with a pier 7.2 built into the frame. The plane of the pier 7.2 is designed as a U-shape to match the pier on the rail pad 6 with a U-shaped notch 6.3. It can not only bear the clamping force, but also provide emergency protection for the horizontal and vertical displacement of the rail pad when the horizontal and vertical angle composite shock-absorbing pad 9 of the rail pad inside the frame fails.

[0104] 3. This device is designed with a set of three positioning stakes 7.3 on the outer frame 7 to locate the installation position of the upper cover plate 4 and the installation position of the upper pressure plate 3 that cooperates with the upper cover plate 4. The positioning stakes 7.3 are designed with the correct position and allowable adjustment of the upper pressure plate 3, i.e., the radial adjustment mark 3.1 of the center hole, which realizes precise positioning and facilitates installation and maintenance. The positioning stakes 7.3 match the pre-set notch on the upper cover plate, i.e. the edge limiting notch 4.3, which can effectively prevent the upper cover plate 4 and the outer frame 7 from displacement.

[0105] 4. The device has an L-shaped inner groove 7.4 designed on the inner side of the outer frame 7 for installing the angular composite shock absorber 9, which facilitates the installation and replacement of the angular composite shock absorber 9 and improves the horizontal and longitudinal stiffness of the outer frame 7.

[0106] 5. The device also has a dovetail groove 7.5 and a V-shaped limiting structure 7.6 designed on the outer frame 7 for fixing the corner cover plate 8. The dovetail groove 7.5 is preferably designed in the 45-degree direction of the 90-degree angle bisector inside the outer frame 7, so that the corner cover plate 8 is stable and not easy to fall off when subjected to external force.

[0107] 6. This device also includes an angular cover plate 8. The angular cover plate 8 has a lower dovetail protrusion 8.2 that matches the dovetail groove 7.5 on the outer frame 7. One end of the angular cover plate 8 has a V-shaped protrusion 8.3 that matches the V-shaped limiting structure 7.6. The other end of the angular cover plate 8 has a rectangular positioning notch 8.4 that matches the angular cover plate limiting port 4.4 on the upper cover plate 4. With the help of these two parts, the angular cover plate 8 can be stably installed on the outer frame 7, effectively preventing the angular composite shock absorber 9 from shifting upward, and achieving the purpose of convenient installation and replacement of the angular composite shock absorber 9.

[0108] 7. The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device described in this embodiment is designed with a bridge-type upper cover plate 4, which is pressed against the outer edge of the outer frame 7 and the pier 7.2 set inside the frame, transmitting the pressing force to the outer frame 7. It matches the positioning piles 7.3 in groups of three on the frame through a rectangular notch, i.e., the edge limiting notch 4.3, to achieve precise positioning of the upper cover plate 4. Correspondingly, an angular cover plate limiting port 4.4 is designed to cooperate with the rectangular positioning notch 8.4 at one end of the angular cover plate 8 to position one end of the angular cover plate 8. The upper cover plate 4 is provided with upper teeth 4.1 that are installed in a concave-convex fit with the lower teeth 3.3 on the upper pressure plate 3. When needed, the different teeth that cooperate with each other can be adjusted laterally to meet the adjustment requirements within a certain range under different track gauges, and also limit the possible abnormal displacement of the outer frame 7 as a whole.

[0109] 8. The lower teeth 3.3 on the upper pressure plate 3 cooperate with the upper teeth 4.1 on the upper cover plate 4. The center hole 3.2 of the upper pressure plate is marked with a radial adjustment mark 3.1. The teeth can directly transmit the pressure provided by the bolt 1 to the upper cover plate 4. When the gauge needs to be widened by a large amount, the relevant structure as a whole can be precisely adjusted according to the radial adjustment mark 3.1 on the center hole of the upper pressure plate 3 and the mark on the positioning pile on the outer frame 7 according to the required adjustment amount.

[0110] 9. The shock-absorbing pad 5 provides a prestress to the rail under plate 6 under zero load, so that the rail under plate 6 fits tightly with the high elastic pad 10 under zero load. Secondly, it absorbs the upward elastic reaction force under dynamic load, avoiding rigid collision between the rail under plate 6 and the upper cover plate 4 and reducing the upward impact force on the upper cover plate 4 and bolt 1.

[0111] 10. Angle-shaped composite shock-absorbing pads 9 are designed in the L-shaped inner grooves 7.4 at the four corners of the inner cavity of the outer frame 7. First, they meet the requirements of the rail pad 6 to make a small nonlinear mechanical movement within the frame. Second, they absorb the lateral and longitudinal impact forces from the rail pad 6, so that the outer frame 7 is not subjected to rigid impact and ensures the overall stability of the rail pad 6, etc.

[0112] 11. The rail pad 6 is provided with a U-shaped notch 6.3 for abutment, which cooperates with the abutment 7.2 inside the outer frame 7 to make the rail pad 6 more stable inside the outer frame 7.

[0113] 12. A rail pad 14 is provided between the bottom surface of the rail 15 and the rail pad 6. It is made of elastic material and is set in the inner groove of the outer frame 7, which can effectively limit the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the rail elastic pad 14.

[0114] 13. The high-elasticity pad 10 can play the roles of shock absorption, insulation and anti-slip, and it can fully lift the bottom surface of the rail under iron pad 6. This also ensures the maximum force-bearing area of ​​the high-elasticity pad 10, reduces the pressure, and enables the high-elasticity pad 10 to play a better shock absorption role, while effectively extending its service life.

[0115] 14. High-elasticity pads 10, outer frame 7, rail underplate 6; angular composite shock-absorbing pads 9 and angular cover plates 8, etc., can be pre-assembled in the production workshop, and other accessories can be assembled after arriving at the site, which facilitates industrialization and improves laying efficiency.

Claims

1. A bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for railway tracks; characterized in that: It includes bolts (1), anti-loosening washers (2), upper pressure plate (3), upper cover plate (4), shock-absorbing spring pads (5), rail underplate (6), outer frame (7), high-elasticity pads (10), gauge blocks (11), elastic clips (12), T-bolts for fixing elastic clips (13), and rail underplate (14); wherein: The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device consists of the following components arranged from top to bottom: bolt (1), anti-loosening washer (2), upper pressure plate (3), upper cover plate (4), shock-absorbing spring pad (5), rail under iron pad (6), and high elastic pad (10); the bolt (1) with the large end on top passes through the pre-set bolt holes or internal cavities of the following components from top to bottom: anti-loosening washer (2), upper pressure plate (3), upper cover plate (4), shock-absorbing spring pad (5), rail under iron pad (6), outer frame (7), and high elastic pad (10); The rail pad (14) is arranged between the bottom surface of the rail (15) and the rail iron pad (6); the T-bolt (13) for fixing the elastic bar presses the gauge block (11) through the elastic bar (12), thereby locking the rail (15), the rail pad (14) and the rail iron pad (6) into one piece. The upper part of the shock-absorbing pad (5), the rail underplate (6) and the high elastic pad (10) are arranged in the internal cavity of the outer frame (7); The outer frame (7) is a bridge-type frame structure, and its specific composition is as follows: outer frame (7.1), pier (7.2), and positioning pile (7.3); wherein: the outer frame (7.1) of the square frame structure is its structural foundation, the pier (7.2) is a protruding structure that is fixedly connected to the outer frame (7.1) and extends into the outer frame (7.1); the upper part of the pier (7.2) is also provided with positioning pile (7.3) higher than the upper surface of the outer frame (7.1); at least two sets of pier (7.2) and positioning pile (7.3) are provided, each set having at least one pier (7.2) and one positioning pile (7.3); the end of the pier (7.2) away from the outer frame (7.1) is a "U" shaped structure on the top-down projection plane; The rail pad (6) is composed of the following: rail pad base (6.1), rail pad elongated hole (6.2), U-shaped notch for pier (6.3), and elastic rail seat (6.4); wherein: the rail pad elongated hole (6.2) is the basic plate structure of the rail pad (6); the U-shaped notch for pier (6.3) is a notch structure that matches the pier (7.2) in a real and virtual fit; the rail pad (6) has a pre-set notch for allowing bolts to pass through. (1) The bolt holes are elliptical long holes (6.2) in the rail pad; the spring iron seat (6.4) for cooperating with the spring (12) to support the spring (12) is arranged on the upper side of the rail pad (6) and extends upward. There are four spring iron seats (6.4) in a group. The center of the four spring iron seats (6.4) in the same group is also provided with a square hole for installing the spring fixing T bolt (13) for fixing the spring (12).

2. The track-mounted bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting shock absorption device is also equipped with an angular composite shock absorption pad (9) with an "L" shaped structure. The outer frame (7) is also provided with an L-shaped inner groove (7.4), a dovetail groove (7.5), a V-shaped limiting structure (7.6), a rail pad (14), an angular composite shock absorber (9), and a limiting pile (7.7); among which: the L-shaped inner groove (7.4) is provided on the inner side of the outer frame (7.1), and the specific corresponding structure meets the following requirements: on the inner side of the outer frame (7.1), near the bottom surface of the outer frame (7.1), there is an annular protrusion structure extending into the inner cavity of the outer frame (7.1), which is displayed as an "L" shaped groove structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom on the cross-section of the inner side of the outer frame (7.1), so that the L-shaped inner groove (7.4) can support the internal structure placed outside the rail pad (6) in the inner cavity of the outer frame (7): the angular composite shock absorber (9).

3. The track-mounted bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer frame (7) is also provided with a dovetail groove (7.5) and a V-shaped limiting structure (7.6), both of which are arranged on the upper surface at the corner of the outer frame (7.1). At least one dovetail groove (7.5) is provided, and the dovetail groove (7.5) is located near the right-angle corner of the outer frame (7.1) which has a macroscopic rectangular shape. The angle between the extension sliding direction of the dovetail groove (7.5) and a side of the outer frame (7.1) is 30° to 60°. The V-shaped limiting structure (7.6) is a protruding structure that extends above the outer frame (7.1); The track-type bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device is provided with an angular cover plate (8), which is composed of the following: angular cover plate base (8.1), lower dovetail boss (8.2), V-shaped protrusion (8.3), and rectangular positioning notch (8.4); wherein: the angular cover plate base (8.1) is an "L"-shaped plate structure that corresponds to a part of the outer frame (7.1), the lower dovetail boss (8.2) which is used to form a virtual and solid matching structure with the dovetail groove (7.5) is set on the bottom surface of the angular cover plate base (8.1) and protrudes downwards, and the V-shaped protrusion (8.3) and the rectangular positioning notch (8.4) are respectively arranged at both ends of the "L"-shaped plate structure angular cover plate base (8.1); The V-shaped protrusion (8.3) and the V-shaped limiting structure (7.6) work together to form a combined assembly structure; the rectangular positioning notch (8.4) and the angular cover plate limiting opening (4.4) work together to form a limiting structure.

4. The bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for tracks according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for rails meets one or a combination of the following requirements: Firstly, the upper pressure plate (3) is composed of: a radial adjustment mark (3.1) for the center hole, a center hole (3.2) for the upper pressure plate, and lower teeth (3.3); wherein: the center hole (3.2) for the upper pressure plate is a stepped hole with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part; the radial adjustment mark (3.1) for the center hole is arranged radially in the center hole (3.2) of the upper pressure plate and longitudinally in the entire track bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device, and it is specifically a groove structure; the lower teeth (3.3) are arranged on the lower surface of the upper pressure plate (3), and the teeth of the lower teeth (3.3) are arranged longitudinally in the entire track bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device; The upper cover plate (4) is arranged below the upper pressure plate (3). The upper cover plate (4) is composed of the following: upper teeth (4.1), central elongated hole (4.2), edge limiting notch (4.3), angular cover plate limiting opening (4.4), and upper cover plate base (4.5). The upper cover plate base (4.5), as a plate-type structural component, is the basic structure of the upper cover plate (4). Among them, the teeth of the upper teeth (4.1) are arranged longitudinally along the entire track using a bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device on the upper side of the upper cover plate base (4.5); the upper teeth (4.1) are arranged longitudinally along the entire track using a bridge-type bidirectional limiting and shock-absorbing device. 1) The tooth shape and specifications are the same as those of the lower tooth (3.3), and the tooth pitch is 2±0.5mm; the upper tooth (4.1) is arranged on both sides of the transverse side of the central elongated hole (4.2), and at least one of the upper tooth (4.1) and the lower tooth (3.3) that cooperate with each other extends out of the base body; the main body of the upper cover plate base (4.5) is a rectangular plate structure, and each of the three sides except the side closest to the rail (15) is provided with an edge limiting notch (4.3) for cooperating with the positioning pile (7.3); Secondly, the outer frame (7) is provided with two sets of positioning piles (7.3), each set containing three positioning piles (7.3). One of the outer frames (7) in each set is located on the upper part of the pier (7.2), and the other two positioning piles (7.3) are located on the upper part of two mutually perpendicular sides of the outer frame (7.1) close to the pier (7.2). Each positioning pile (7.3) has a radial adjustment mark (3.1) of the center hole arranged radially along the theoretical standard axis of the bolt (1) on its upper surface. Third, the dovetail groove (7.5) is set near the right-angle corner of the outer frame (7.1) which has a macroscopic rectangular shape, and the angle between the extension sliding direction of the dovetail groove (7.5) and a side of the outer frame (7.1) is 45°. Fourth, the shock-absorbing pad (5) is composed of: a shock-absorbing pad base (5.1) and a shock-absorbing pad center hole (5.2); wherein: the macroscopic structure of the shock-absorbing pad base (5.1) is a rectangular plate structure, and the shock-absorbing pad center hole (5.2) is a through hole with a circular cross-section; when the high elastic pad (10), the rail underplate (6) and the shock-absorbing pad (5) are installed in the inner cavity of the outer frame (7), the upper plane of the shock-absorbing pad (5) is 2mm higher than the upper plane of the outer frame (7.1); Fifth, the high elastic pad (10) is composed of: a high elastic pad base plate (10.1), a high elastic pad boss (10.2), a pier notch (10.3), and a high elastic pad elongated hole (10.4); wherein: the high elastic pad base plate (10.1) is a rectangular plate structure arranged at the bottom of the entire high elastic pad (10); the high elastic pad boss (10.2) is a protruding structure that is fixedly connected to the high elastic pad base plate (10.1) and extends upwards from the high elastic pad base plate (10.1); the pier notch (10.3) is a "U"-shaped notch set on the high elastic pad boss (10.2) and corresponding to the pier (7.2) with the high elastic pad base plate (10.1) as the base plate; the high elastic pad elongated hole (10.4) is a through hole set on the high elastic pad boss (10.2) and corresponding to the bolt (1).

5. The track-mounted bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bridge-type bidirectional limiting and damping device for rails meets one or a combination of the following requirements: Firstly, the outer frame (7) is provided with limiting stakes (7.7) that protrude into the inner cavity to limit the angular composite shock absorber pad (9) and prevent it from shifting. Secondly, the following structures are provided with transition rounded chamfers: at the corners of two adjacent inner cavities of the rectangular frame of the outer frame (7.1) in the outer frame (7), and at the corners where the upper vertical part and the lower horizontal part of the L-shaped inner groove (7.4) on the cross section of the outer frame (7.1) connect; Thirdly, the bolt holes in the following parts are elongated holes formed by combining two semicircles and a rectangle with the same diameter and width as the semicircles: the central elongated hole (4.2), the elongated hole of the rail pad (6.2), and the elongated hole of the high elastic pad (10.4); and the aforementioned three are in the transverse direction parallel to the cross-section of the rail (15) as the length direction, and the size of the elongated hole in the length direction is larger than the size of the elongated hole in the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the length direction; Fourth, a flat washer is also provided between the bolt (1) and the anti-loosening washer (2); Fifth, the lower part of the T-bolt (13) for fixing the elastic clip is a T-head, and the upper part is a threaded connection section; On the upper threaded connection section, above the spring bar (12), there are flat washers and nuts arranged sequentially from bottom to top.

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