Precise displacement measuring instrument for physical experiment

Abstract

The utility model specifically relates to the field of measuring equipment, and discloses a precise displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments, which comprises a sliding rail, a testing trolley movably connected to the surface of the sliding rail, a reflecting plate fixedly arranged at the top end of the testing trolley, two first supporting frames symmetrically and fixedly arranged at one end of the sliding rail, and a mounting seat fixedly arranged between the two first supporting frames. An infrared sensor is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the mounting base, and an ultrasonic sensor is fixedly arranged on the side wall, close to the infrared sensor, of the mounting base. According to the utility model, the sliding rail, the test trolley, the reflecting plate, the mounting seat, the first hole groove, the first limiting bolt, the infrared sensor, the ultrasonic sensor and the third hole groove are arranged, the internal size of the third hole groove is matched with the internal size of the first hole groove in sequence, and the first limiting bolt is inserted into different first hole grooves; therefore, the height of the infrared sensor and the height of the ultrasonic sensor can be adjusted conveniently, reflecting plates with different heights can be adapted conveniently, and the adaptability of the displacement measuring instrument is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of measuring equipment, and in particular relates to a precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments. Background Technology

[0002] A precision displacement measuring instrument for physics experiments is an experimental measuring device used in physics teaching. It is used to measure the displacement of an experimental trolley on an inclined slide rail, thereby analyzing the acceleration changes of the trolley under gravity.

[0003] Existing precision displacement measuring instruments for physical experiments typically include a slide rail, an experimental trolley, an infrared transmitter, and an ultrasonic sensor. The infrared transmitter and ultrasonic sensor are used to emit and receive infrared light and ultrasonic waves, respectively. The infrared transmitter and ultrasonic sensor are connected to a computer via wires. The computer calculates the time difference between the emission and reception of infrared light and ultrasonic waves, thereby determining the position and time of the experimental trolley's movement on the slide rail, thus enabling high-precision displacement measurement.

[0004] When using existing precision displacement measuring instruments for physical experiments, the size of the measuring carriage may vary, which may cause a mismatch between the height of the infrared transmitter and ultrasonic sensor and the transmitting surface installed on the measuring carriage, thus affecting the adaptability of the displacement measuring instrument. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments, aiming to solve the problem that existing precision displacement measuring instruments for physical experiments may have mismatches between the infrared transmitter and ultrasonic sensor and the transmitting surface installed on the measuring carriage due to differences in the size of the measuring carriage, thus affecting the adaptability of the displacement measuring instrument.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows: a precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments includes a slide rail, a test trolley movably connected to the surface of the slide rail, a reflector fixed to the top of the test trolley, two support frames symmetrically fixed to one end of the slide rail, a mounting base fixed between the two support frames, an infrared sensor fixed to the side wall of the mounting base, an ultrasonic sensor fixed to the side wall of the mounting base near the infrared sensor, a slot three is formed in the middle of the mounting base, and several slots one are evenly spaced on the side wall of the support frame one. The internal dimensions of the slots one are the same as the internal dimensions of the slots three. A limit bolt one is threadedly connected to each slot one, and the other end of the limit bolt one passes through the slots three and slots one in sequence.

[0007] Preferably, two baffles are symmetrically fixed on the surface of the slide rail, and the spacing between the baffles is adapted to the external dimensions of the test trolley. The slide rail, the support frame, and the baffles are all made of aluminum alloy and are fixedly connected to form an integral structure. The support frame is perpendicular to the slide rail in sequence, which improves the stability of the test trolley movement.

[0008] Preferably, a second support frame is fixed to the end of the slide rail near the first support frame, and a slot is provided on the side wall of the second support frame for the slide rail to be inserted into, and the external dimensions of the slide rail are adapted to the internal dimensions of the slot.

[0009] Preferably, a slot four is provided on the side wall of the slide rail, and a limit bolt two is threadedly connected to the side wall of the support frame two. The limit bolt two is inserted into the inside of the slot four, and the internal dimensions of the slot four are adapted to the external dimensions of the limit bolt two.

[0010] Preferably, the support frame 2 has several equally spaced holes and slots 2 on its side wall near the limiting bolt 2 for threaded connection of the limiting bolt 2. All holes and slots 2 pass through the support frame 2 and are connected to the slot 1, which improves the convenience of adjusting the height of the slide rail end.

[0011] Preferably, both support frames have grooves on their side walls near the mounting base, and the internal dimensions of the grooves are adapted to the external dimensions of both ends of the mounting base, which improves the convenience of positioning the three holes and the one hole.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following main advantages:

[0013] Firstly, the system includes a slide rail, a test carriage, a reflector, a mounting base, slot one, a limit bolt one, an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and slot three. The internal dimensions of slot three are sequentially adapted to the internal dimensions of slot one. By inserting the limit bolt one into different slots one, the height of the infrared and ultrasonic sensors can be easily adjusted, thus facilitating the adaptation of reflectors of different heights and improving the adaptability of the displacement measuring instrument. Secondly, the system includes grooves whose internal dimensions are adapted to the external dimensions at both ends of the mounting base, ensuring that the emission paths of the infrared and ultrasonic sensors are parallel to the slide rail. This also improves the ease of positioning slot three and limit bolt one. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a side-view perspective view of the mounting base of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of the mounting structure of the mounting base of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a side view of the slide rail structure of this utility model.

[0018] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Slide rail; 2. Test carriage; 3. Reflector; 4. Support frame one; 5. Mounting base; 6. Support frame two; 7. Hole slot one; 8. Limit bolt one; 9. Limit bolt two; 10. Hole slot two; 11. Groove one; 12. Infrared sensor; 13. Ultrasonic sensor; 14. Hole slot three; 15. Groove; 16. Baffle; 17. Groove four. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.

[0020] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0021] Please see Figure 1-4The present invention provides an embodiment of a precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments, comprising a slide rail 1, a test carriage 2 movably connected to the surface of the slide rail 1, a reflector 3 fixed at the top of the test carriage 2 for reflecting infrared rays and ultrasonic waves, two support frames 4 symmetrically fixed at one end of the slide rail 1, the support frames 4 being perpendicular to the slide rail 1, a mounting base 5 fixed between the two support frames 4, an infrared sensor 12 fixed on the side wall of the mounting base 5 for emitting and receiving infrared rays, and an ultrasonic sensor 13 fixed on the side wall of the mounting base 5 near the infrared sensor 12 for emitting and receiving ultrasonic waves, the infrared sensor 12 being connected to a computer via wires, the computer being used to calculate the infrared sensor 12 and ultrasonic waves. The time difference between the infrared sensor 13 and the ultrasonic sensor 12 is used to transmit and receive infrared and ultrasonic waves, thereby realizing the displacement measurement of the test carriage 2. The mounting base 5 has a slot 14 in the middle. The support frame 4 has several slots 7 at equal intervals on its side wall. The internal dimensions of the slots 7 are the same as those of the slots 14. The slots 7 are threadedly connected to the limit bolts 8. The other end of the limit bolts 8 is threadedly connected to and passes through the interior of the slots 14 and 7, thereby fixing the support frame 4. The operator can adjust the height of the mounting base 5, the infrared sensor 12 and the ultrasonic sensor 13 from the surface of the slide rail 1 by threading the limit bolts 8 into different slots 7, thereby improving the adaptability of the measuring instruments.

[0022] Two baffles 16 are symmetrically fixed on the surface of the slide rail 1. The spacing of the baffles 16 is adapted to the external dimensions of the test carriage 2 to prevent the test carriage 2 from moving or deviating, thereby improving the stability of the test carriage 2. The slide rail 1, the support frame 4, and the baffles 16 are all made of aluminum alloy and are fixedly connected to form an integrated structure. The support frame 4 is perpendicular to the slide rail 1 in sequence.

[0023] A support frame 2 6 is fixedly installed at the end of the slide rail 1 near the support frame 4. A slot 11 is provided on the side wall of the support frame 2 6 for the slide rail 1 to insert into. The external dimensions of the slide rail 1 are adapted to the internal dimensions of the slot 11. A slot 4 17 is provided on the side wall of the slide rail 1. A limit bolt 2 9 is threaded onto the side wall of the support frame 2 6. The limit bolt 2 9 is inserted into the inside of the slot 4 17. The internal dimensions of the slot 4 17 are adapted to the external dimensions of the limit bolt 2 9. The support frame 2 6 has a slot 4 17 on its side wall near the limit bolt 2 9. Several equally spaced slots 10 are provided for threaded connection of limit bolts 9. Limit bolts 9 pass through and are threaded into the slots 17 and slots 10, thereby fixing the slide rail 1 and the support frame 6. All slots 10 pass through the support frame 6 and are connected to the slots 11. By threading the limit bolts 9 into different slots 10, the convenience of adjusting the height of the slide rail 1 end is improved, thus facilitating the adjustment of the slope of the slide rail 1 and making it convenient to conduct experiments with different slope gradients.

[0024] Both support brackets 14 have grooves 15 on their side walls near the mounting base 5. The internal dimensions of the grooves 15 are adapted to the external dimensions at both ends of the mounting base 5, which improves the ease of positioning the slots 14 and 7.

[0025] Working Principle: When using this precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments, the operator first connects an external power supply and places the test carriage 2 on the surface of the slide rail 1. The infrared sensor 12 and ultrasonic sensor 13 are sequentially coupled to the computer via circuits to calculate the time difference between the emission and reception of infrared and ultrasonic waves by the infrared sensor 12 and ultrasonic sensor 13. This allows for precise measurement of the distance and time of the test carriage 2's displacement, facilitating analysis of the gravitational acceleration of the test carriage 2 as it moves on the surface of the slide rail 1. If the operator needs to replace the test carriage 2 with a different model, causing a change in the height of the reflector 3, the operator can rotate the limit bolt 8 to release the limit on the mounting base 5. The operator then allows the mounting base 5 to slide inside the groove 15, thereby translating the infrared sensor 12 into a more accurate measurement of the distance and time of the test carriage 2's displacement. The external sensor 12 and ultrasonic sensor 13 are stably parallel to the slide rail 1 to avoid ray deviation. At the same time, the external dimensions of both ends of the mounting base 5 are sequentially aligned with the internal dimensions of the groove 15, thereby improving the convenience of positioning the slot 1 7 and slot 3 14. The limiting bolt 1 8 is then threaded into the inside of slot 1 7, so that the other end of the limiting bolt 1 8 passes through slot 3 14 and slot 1 7 in sequence, thereby improving the stability of the mounting base 5. This allows for the adjustment of the height of the infrared sensor 12 and ultrasonic sensor 13 from the surface of the slide rail 1, facilitating the reflection of the infrared rays and ultrasonic waves emitted by the infrared sensor 12 and ultrasonic sensor 13 onto the side wall of the reflector plate 3 for stable reflection, thus improving the adaptability of the experimental measuring instrument.

[0026] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

[0027] It should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways, given the several embodiments provided in this application. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units described above may be implemented in other ways in practice. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or communication connections shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; indirect coupling or communication connections between devices or units may be telecommunications or other forms.

[0028] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0029] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still combine, add, delete, or otherwise adjust the features of the various embodiments of this utility model according to the circumstances without conflict or creative effort, thereby obtaining different technical solutions that do not fundamentally depart from the concept of this utility model. These technical solutions are also within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments, characterized in that, The slide rail (1) is movably connected to the surface of the slide rail (1), and a reflector plate (3) is fixed at the top of the test trolley (2). Two support frames (4) are symmetrically fixed at one end of the slide rail (1), and a mounting seat (5) is fixed between the two support frames (4). An infrared sensor (12) is fixed on the side wall of the mounting seat (5), and an ultrasonic sensor (13) is fixed on the side wall of the mounting seat (5) near the infrared sensor (12). A slot (14) is opened in the middle of the mounting seat (5). Several slots (7) are evenly spaced on the side wall of the support frame (4). The internal dimensions of the slots (7) are the same as the internal dimensions of the slots (14). A limit bolt (8) is threadedly connected to the slots (7), and the other end of the limit bolt (8) passes through the slots (14) and the slots (7) in sequence.

2. The precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two baffles (16) are symmetrically fixed on the surface of the slide rail (1). The spacing of the baffles (16) is adapted to the external dimensions of the test trolley (2). The slide rail (1), the support frame (4), and the baffles (16) are all made of aluminum alloy and are fixedly connected to form an integral structure. The support frame (4) is perpendicular to the slide rail (1) in sequence.

3. The precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slide rail (1) is fixed with a support frame (6) near the end of the support frame (4). The support frame (6) has a slot (11) on its side wall for the slide rail (1) to be inserted. The external dimensions of the slide rail (1) are adapted to the internal dimensions of the slot (11).

4. The precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slide rail (1) has a slot four (17) on its side wall, and the support frame two (6) has a limit bolt two (9) threadedly connected to its side wall. The limit bolt two (9) is inserted into the slot four (17), and the internal dimensions of the slot four (17) are adapted to the external dimensions of the limit bolt two (9).

5. A precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support frame 2 (6) has several holes and slots 2 (10) at equal intervals on its side wall near the limit bolt 2 (9) for threaded connection of the limit bolt 2 (9). The holes and slots 2 (10) all pass through the support frame 2 (6) and are connected to the slot 1 (11).

6. A precision displacement measuring instrument for physical experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the support frames (4) have grooves (15) on their side walls near the mounting base (5), and the internal dimensions of the grooves (15) are adapted to the external dimensions of both ends of the mounting base (5).

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