Transformer simulation fault display platform
By designing a transformer fault simulation display platform, and combining various fault simulation units and PLC control, the problems of transformer fault display and data transmission were solved, achieving stable fault simulation and intuitive display, and improving the adaptability and practicality of transformer condition detection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422974676.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies lack transformer fault simulation display platforms capable of simulating various common faults, especially for transformer fault display and data transmission under air-cooled control, making it difficult to meet the adaptability and practicality requirements of transformer condition detection.
Design a transformer simulation fault display platform, which combines various typical fault simulation units such as local overheating, winding deformation, and core grounding. Through relay and PLC control, it realizes the display and communication transmission of fault status, uses indicator lights to intuitively reflect the status, and transmits fault information to the background through RS485 communication.
It achieves stable simulation and intuitive display of transformer faults, ensures stable platform operation, provides multiple fault monitoring capabilities, provides data support for transformer condition monitoring technology research, and is easy to view in the background.
Smart Images
Figure CN223539276U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of transformers and relates to displaying the simulated state of a transformer fault while controlling the air cooling of the transformer, and transmitting the fault state to the back-end cabinet via communication. Background Technology
[0002] In smart substations, it is necessary to monitor the condition of transformers. Reasonable defect simulation technology is an important prerequisite for conducting research on typical transformer condition sensing and detection technologies. Therefore, it is necessary to simulate typical transformer faults to obtain relevant data to study the adaptability and practicality of existing transformer condition monitoring technologies.
[0003] Typical faults include defects such as insufficient conductor cross-section causing localized overheating, winding deformation, multi-point grounding of the core, and various partial discharge model states. Currently, there is an urgent need for a transformer simulation fault display platform based on air-cooled control capable of simulating a variety of common faults. Utility Model Content
[0004] To improve the realism of transformer fault and defect simulation, it is necessary to simulate typical transformer faults in order to study the adaptability and practicality of existing transformer condition detection technologies. This utility model designs a transformer simulation fault display platform based on the principle of air-cooling control that displays a variety of typical transformer faults.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to achieve the above objectives is: a transformer simulation fault display platform, comprising:
[0006] The local overheating defect simulation unit includes multiple relays A and multiple relays A'. The coil of relay A is connected in series with a certain position of the on-load tap changer of the transformer and connected to an AC power supply. The normally open contact of relay A is connected to the input terminal A of the PLC, the output terminal A' of the PLC is connected to the coil of relay A', and the normally open contact of relay A' is connected in series with an indicator light and connected to a DC power supply.
[0007] The simulation unit for simulating winding deformation defects includes multiple relays B and multiple relays B'. The coil of relay B is connected in series with a certain station port of the load switch electric controller of the transformer and connected to the power supply. The normally open contact of relay B is connected to the input terminal B of PLC, the output terminal B' of PLC is connected to the coil of relay B', and the normally open contact of relay B' is connected in series with an indicator light and connected to a DC power supply.
[0008] The iron core grounding defect simulation unit includes multiple circuit breakers. The first set of contacts of the circuit breakers is connected to the grounding wire of the iron core with a certain grounding defect. The second set of contacts of the circuit breakers is connected to the input terminal F of the PLC. The output terminal F' of the PLC is connected to the coil of the relay F'. The normally open contact of the relay F' is connected in series with an indicator light and is connected to a DC power supply.
[0009] In the local overheating defect simulation unit, multiple taps of the on-load tap changer of the transformer are connected in series with cables of different cross-sectional areas.
[0010] The simulation unit for simulating winding deformation defects has multiple workstation ports of the load switch electric controller connected to different states of winding deformation.
[0011] A transformer fault simulation display platform further includes a partial discharge model switching simulation unit, which includes multiple relays C. The coil of each relay C is connected in series with a certain working port of the transformer's load switch electric controller and is connected to a power supply. The normally open contact of each relay C is connected in series with an indicator light and is connected to a DC power supply.
[0012] The partial discharge model switching simulation unit has multiple workstation ports of the load switch electric controller connected to the three voltage outputs of the three-phase high-voltage coil of the transformer.
[0013] The grounding defect simulation unit for the iron core has grounding wires drawn from different positions on the upper yoke, lower yoke, and between the iron core and the clamping member.
[0014] The PLC is connected to the backend via an internal communication unit.
[0015] This utility model has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
[0016] 1. This utility model combines the control of the cooling system with the principle of simulating faults, which can ensure the stable operation of the platform and the stable heat dissipation of the transformer during the simulation of faults.
[0017] 2. This utility model can transmit the simulated transformer fault status to the backend receiving end through communication, which is convenient for the backend to view. It can also reflect the current simulated transformer status more intuitively through local indicator lights.
[0018] 3. This utility model can monitor various typical transformer faults through a local overheating defect simulation unit, a winding deformation defect simulation unit, a core grounding defect simulation unit, and a partial discharge model switching simulation unit, providing materials for the research of transformer typical state quantity sensing and detection technology. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a status indicator diagram.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a fault caused by insufficient conductor cross-section leading to localized overheating.
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the winding deformation defect and the simulated partial discharge model.
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of multi-point grounding defects in the iron core.
[0023] Figure 5 Electrical connections for PLC Figure 1 .
[0024] Figure 6 Electrical connections for PLC Figure 2 .
[0025] Figure 7 This is the electrical connection diagram for the indicator lights. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0027] This invention combines an intermediate relay, a circuit breaker, and a programmable controller to form a typical transformer fault display platform. It primarily addresses defects such as insufficient conductor cross-section causing localized overheating, winding deformation, and multi-point grounding of the core, as well as various partial discharge model states. The simulated transformer fault status is transmitted to the receiving end via RS485 communication, and indicator lights provide a more intuitive representation of the current transformer fault status.
[0028] Figure 1 This includes indicators for fault states such as localized overheating due to insufficient conductor cross-section, winding deformation defects, core multi-point grounding defects, power supply status, cooler status, and the load switch electric controller operation panel. L6 is the on-load switch normal operation status indicator, L7 is the winding axial structure normal status indicator, L8 is the winding radial structure normal status indicator, L9 is the core normal status indicator, and L10 is the partial discharge model offline status indicator. H1-H4 correspond to the following fault indicators: poor contact localized overheating, insufficient cross-section slight overheating, insufficient cross-section moderate overheating, and insufficient cross-section severe overheating. H5-H7 correspond to the following fault indicators: winding axial deformation, medium voltage regulating winding inter-turn short circuit, and winding lateral deformation. H8-H12 correspond to the following fault indicators: core upper yoke two-point grounding minor, core upper yoke two-point grounding medium, core upper yoke two-point grounding severe, core and clamp short circuit, and core upper and lower yoke two-point grounding. H13-H15 correspond to the online status indicator lights for partial discharge model 1, partial discharge model 2, and partial discharge model 3, respectively.
[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, to simulate the defect of local overheating caused by insufficient conductor cross-section, four taps (10, 12, 14, and 16) of the high-voltage tap are connected to the on-load tap changer connecting conductor. Cables of different cross-sectional areas are connected in series at three of these taps to simulate the defect of local overheating caused by insufficient conductor cross-section. A cold-pressed connection structure using a non-standard terminal block is installed at one tap to simulate the defect of local overheating caused by improper connection, allowing switching operations to be performed while the circuit is energized. The on-load tap changer position at tap 10 simulates a local overheating fault due to poor conductor cross-section contact; at tap 12, it simulates a slight overheating fault due to insufficient conductor cross-section; at tap 14, it simulates a moderate overheating fault due to insufficient conductor cross-section; and at tap 16, it simulates a severe overheating fault due to insufficient conductor cross-section. The remaining tap positions simulate normal operation.
[0030] The coils of relays K20, K21, K22, K23, and K24 are respectively connected to one position of the on-load tap changer of the transformer and connected to the AC power supply; the normally open contacts of relays K20, K21, K22, K23, and K24 are connected to the input terminals of the PLC, and the corresponding output terminals of the PLC are connected to the coils of relays K31-K35. The normally open contacts of relays K31-K35 are connected in series with indicator lights H1-H4 and connected to the DC power supply.
[0031] These five states are transmitted as analog fault states to the programmable controller via the normally open contacts of intermediate relays K20, K21, K22, K23, and K24, respectively, and then transmitted to the receiving end via RS485 communication. Figure 5 As shown, the programmable controller outputs power K31-K35 respectively, as follows: Figure 7 The corresponding red fault indicator lights H1-H4 are illuminated by the electrical circuit, and the corresponding green indicator light L6 is illuminated when the on-load switch is in normal operation, which more intuitively reflects the current fault status.
[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, to simulate winding deformation defects, an axial deformation is set at the end of the high-voltage coil; a partition is set between the winding and the oil tank to simulate radial deformation; the switching quantities output by two load switch electric controllers at different positions are used as different states of winding deformation.
[0033] The normally open contacts of relays K25-K29 are connected to the input terminals of the PLC, and the corresponding output terminals of the PLC are connected to the coils of relays K36-K40 respectively. The normally open contacts of relays K36-K40 are connected in series with indicator lights H5, L7, H6, L8, and H7, and are connected to the DC power supply.
[0034] When load switch electric controller 1 is in position 1, it simulates the axial deformation of the winding, changing the switch state from normally open to normally closed, and energizing intermediate relay K25. When load switch electric controller 1 is in position 2, it simulates a short circuit fault between turns of the medium-voltage regulating winding, changing the switch state from normally open to normally closed, and energizing intermediate relay K26. When load switch electric controller 1 is in positions 3 and 4, it simulates the normal axial state of the winding, changing the switch state from normally open to normally closed, and energizing intermediate relay K27. When load switch electric controller 2 is in position 1, it simulates the normal radial state of the winding, changing the switch state from normally open to normally closed, and energizing intermediate relay K28. When load switch electric controller 2 is in position 2, it simulates a radial deformation fault of the winding, changing the switch state from normally open to normally closed, and energizing intermediate relay K29. After relays K25-K29 are energized, the current fault state is input to the programmable controller, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the outputs after the programmable controller's internal logic determines the energizing of relays K36-K40, respectively. Figure 7 The states of relays K36-K40 in the electrical circuit correspond to H5, L7, H6, L8, and H7, respectively. The programmable controller transmits the data to the receiving end via RS485 communication, and the indicator lights on the panel can more intuitively reflect the current fault status.
[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, to simulate the switching of different partial discharge models, a voltage tap is led out from each of the three-phase high-voltage coils (A, B, C) and connected to different positions of the load switch electric controller; the coils of relays K50-K52 are connected to different positions of the load switch electric controller and to the power supply; the normally open contacts of relays K50-K52 are connected in series with indicator lights H13-H15 and connected to the DC power supply.
[0036] When the load switch electric controller 3 is in positions 1, 2, and 3 respectively, it simulates three online states of partial discharge, energizing relays K50-K52 respectively. Figure 7 The states of relays K50-K52 in the electrical circuit correspond to indicator lights H13-H15, respectively. When the load switch electric controller 3 is in position 4, the simulated partial discharge model is offline, energizing relay K53. Figure 7 The status indicator light L10 corresponds to the status of relay K53 in the electrical circuit.
[0037] like Figure 4As shown, to simulate a multi-point grounding defect in the iron core, five grounding points at different locations are selected: four on the upper yoke of the iron core (including three multi-point grounding faults and one short-circuit fault between the iron core and the clamping component) and one on the lower yoke. Multiple grounding wires are led out, with different induced currents at different grounding points. These are connected through the contacts of different circuit breakers to simulate overheating of the multi-point grounding leads. The different induced currents are led out through the grounding wires to five miniature circuit breakers inside the cabinet. By selectively closing different circuit breakers, the severity of the multi-point grounding defect in the iron core is simulated, and switching operations can be performed while the circuit is energized. The first set of contacts of circuit breakers FH1-FH4 are connected to the grounding wire of the iron core with one type of grounding defect, respectively. The second set of contacts of circuit breakers FH1-FH4 are connected to the input terminals of the PLC, and the corresponding output terminals of the PLC are connected to the coils of relays K41-K45. The normally open contacts of relays K41-K45 are connected in series with indicator lights H8-H12.
[0038] When only circuit breaker FH1 is closed, a minor ground fault at two points on the upper yoke of the core is simulated. When only circuit breaker FH2 is closed, a medium ground fault at two points on the upper yoke of the core is simulated. When only circuit breaker FH3 is closed, a severe ground fault at two points on the upper yoke of the core is simulated. When only circuit breaker FH4 is closed, a short circuit fault between the core and the clamping components is simulated. When only circuit breaker FH5 is closed, a ground fault at both the upper and lower yokes of the core is simulated. When all five circuit breakers are open, it indicates that the core is in normal operating condition. When any circuit breaker is closed, the auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker also change from normally open to normally closed, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the current fault status is input into the programmable controller, and the corresponding relays K41-K45 are energized according to the internal programming. Through electrical principles, the H8-H12 indicator lights are used to display the five types of grounding faults in the iron core. If the iron core is in normal operating condition, K46 remains energized, keeping the L9 indicator light constantly on, and the data is transmitted to the back-end receiving end via RS485 communication.
Claims
1. A transformer simulated fault display platform, characterized in that, include: The local overheating defect simulation unit includes multiple relays A and multiple relays A'. The coil of relay A is connected in series with a certain position of the on-load tap changer of the transformer and connected to an AC power supply. The normally open contact of relay A is connected to the input terminal A of the PLC, the output terminal A' of the PLC is connected to the coil of relay A', and the normally open contact of relay A' is connected in series with an indicator light and connected to a DC power supply. The simulation unit for simulating winding deformation defects includes multiple relays B and multiple relays B'. The coil of relay B is connected in series with a certain station port of the load switch electric controller of the transformer and connected to the power supply. The normally open contact of relay B is connected to the input terminal B of PLC, the output terminal B' of PLC is connected to the coil of relay B', and the normally open contact of relay B' is connected in series with an indicator light and connected to a DC power supply. The iron core grounding defect simulation unit includes multiple circuit breakers. The first set of contacts of the circuit breakers is connected to the grounding wire of the iron core with a certain grounding defect. The second set of contacts of the circuit breakers is connected to the input terminal F of the PLC. The output terminal F' of the PLC is connected to the coil of the relay F'. The normally open contact of the relay F' is connected in series with an indicator light and is connected to a DC power supply.
2. The transformer simulation fault display platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the local overheating defect simulation unit, multiple taps of the on-load tap changer of the transformer are connected in series with cables of different cross-sectional areas.
3. The transformer simulation fault display platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation unit for simulating winding deformation defects has multiple workstation ports of the load switch electric controller connected to different states of winding deformation.
4. The transformer simulation fault display platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a partial discharge model switching simulation unit, which includes multiple relays C. The coil of the relay C is connected in series with a certain working port of the transformer load switch electric controller and connected to the power supply. The normally open contact of the relay C is connected in series with an indicator light and connected to the DC power supply.
5. A transformer simulation fault display platform according to claim 4, characterized in that, The partial discharge model switching simulation unit has multiple workstation ports of the load switch electric controller connected to the three voltage outputs of the three-phase high-voltage coil of the transformer.
6. The transformer simulation fault display platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding defect simulation unit for the iron core has grounding wires drawn from different positions on the upper yoke, lower yoke, and between the iron core and the clamping member.
7. A transformer simulation fault display platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PLC is connected to the backend via an internal communication unit.