Battery cell assembly, battery module, battery pack and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery cell assembly, battery module, battery pack and energy storage system, battery cell assembly includes at least two battery cell units and temperature equalizing part, at least two battery cell units are arranged along Z direction at interval, the temperature equalizing part is arranged between two adjacent battery cell units along Z direction, and the temperature equalizing part is arranged between two adjacent battery cell units along Z direction. Each temperature equalizing part is in heat conduction connection with the two adjacent battery cell units, and the temperature equalizing parts are used for equalizing the temperatures of the two adjacent battery cell units, so that the temperature difference between the battery cell units is reduced by equalizing the temperature by the temperature equalizing parts, and the non-uniformity of expansion force is reduced. Therefore, the structural stability and the performance consistency of the battery cell assembly can be maintained, and the service life of the battery cell assembly can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to battery cell components, battery modules, battery packs and energy storage systems. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, battery modules are typically composed of multiple cell assemblies. Each cell assembly includes multiple layers of cell units arranged along the Z direction. In related technologies, each layer of cell units will generate a large amount of heat during the operation of the battery module. However, due to the difference in heat between two adjacent cell units, the cell assembly will have a large expansion force, which will seriously affect the service life of the cell assembly. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of this utility model provide a cell assembly, a battery module, a battery pack, and an energy storage system, which can balance the heat of two adjacent cell units, reduce the expansion force of the cell assembly, and improve the service life of the cell assembly.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery cell assembly.

[0005] In one embodiment, the cell assembly includes:

[0006] At least two battery cell units, and the at least two battery cell units are arranged at intervals along the Z-direction;

[0007] A temperature equalization section is provided between two adjacent battery cells along the Z direction. Each temperature equalization section is thermally connected to the two adjacent battery cells. The temperature equalization section is used to equalize the temperature of the two adjacent battery cells.

[0008] In one embodiment, the temperature equalization unit includes:

[0009] The housing has a receiving cavity, and the housing is thermally connected to two adjacent battery cells.

[0010] A phase change material is filled into the cavity.

[0011] In one embodiment, the battery cell unit includes a plurality of battery cells;

[0012] The temperature equalization section has multiple grooves on both opposite sides along the Z direction. Each groove corresponds to and is adapted to a battery cell, and each battery cell is installed in the corresponding groove.

[0013] In one embodiment, the battery cell is arranged in a cylindrical shape;

[0014] The inner wall of the groove is at least partially formed as an arc surface, which is in contact with the side wall of the battery cell.

[0015] In one embodiment, the cell assembly further includes:

[0016] Two end plates, which are located on opposite sides of at least two of the battery cells along the Z direction;

[0017] A fastener is connected to the two end plates to fix the two end plates, at least two battery cells, and the temperature equalization section into one unit.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this utility model provide a battery module.

[0019] In one embodiment, the battery module includes a cell assembly as described above.

[0020] In one embodiment, at least two battery cell assemblies are provided, and the at least two battery cell assemblies are arranged at intervals along the Y direction. A plurality of battery cell units of the at least two battery cell assemblies are connected in series, so that the output positive and output negative terminals of the battery module are on the same side and arranged at intervals along the Z direction.

[0021] In one embodiment, the Z-direction is arranged parallel to the direction of gravity.

[0022] In one embodiment, each of the battery cells includes an odd number of cells arranged sequentially along the X direction and extending along the Y direction. The odd number of cells are connected in series so that the positive and negative terminals of each battery cell are on opposite sides along the Y direction. The positive and negative terminals of two adjacent battery cells in each battery cell assembly are on the same side. The positive and negative terminals of two adjacent battery cells arranged along the Y direction are opposite to each other and electrically connected.

[0023] In one embodiment, at least two of the battery cell assemblies include a first battery cell assembly, one of the two battery cell units of the first battery cell assembly having the output positive electrode, and the other of the two battery cell units of the first battery cell assembly having the output negative electrode.

[0024] In one embodiment, at least two of the battery cell assemblies further include a second battery cell assembly, wherein two of the battery cell units of the second battery cell assembly are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals on the side opposite to the first battery cell assembly.

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of this utility model provide a battery pack.

[0026] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes a battery module as described above.

[0027] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0028] The housing has an installation cavity.

[0029] The battery module is installed inside the mounting cavity;

[0030] A battery management system is installed inside the mounting cavity and is connected to the battery module.

[0031] In one embodiment, the housing is provided with a positive wiring hole and a negative wiring hole, which are spaced apart along the direction of gravity.

[0032] The battery pack also includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The positive terminal passes through the positive terminal and is connected to the battery management system, and the negative terminal passes through the negative terminal and is connected to the battery management system.

[0033] In one embodiment, the housing is provided with an input hole and an output hole, which are spaced apart along the direction of gravity;

[0034] The battery pack also includes a communication input terminal and a communication output terminal. The communication input terminal passes through the input hole and is connected to the battery management system, and the communication output terminal passes through the output hole and is connected to the battery management system.

[0035] In one embodiment, the positive wiring hole and the negative wiring hole together constitute a wiring structure, and the input hole and the output hole together constitute a communication structure. The wiring structure and the communication structure are located on the same side plate of the housing, and the wiring structure and the communication structure are respectively arranged adjacent to the two ends of the side plate.

[0036] Thirdly, embodiments of this utility model provide an energy storage system.

[0037] In one embodiment, the energy storage system includes a plurality of battery packs as described above, wherein the plurality of battery packs are connected in series.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this utility model are as follows:

[0039] In embodiments of this invention, a temperature equalization section is designed between two adjacent battery cells and is thermally connected to them. This means that the temperature equalization section can absorb the heat generated by the higher-temperature battery cell and disperse it to the lower-temperature battery cell or the surrounding environment. In this way, the temperature equalization section effectively balances the temperature difference between adjacent battery cells, preventing the formation of local "hot spots." In a battery cell assembly, because the battery cells in the middle region are surrounded by surrounding cells, their heat dissipation conditions are relatively poor, making them more prone to heat accumulation. The presence of the temperature equalization section improves this situation. Through thermal connection, the battery cells in the middle region can transfer heat to the temperature equalization section, which then disperses the heat throughout the module. In addition, since the temperature equalization section is partially exposed to the environment, it can exchange heat with the lower-temperature air in the environment, allowing the temperature equalization section to transfer the absorbed heat to the environment. In this way, the temperature of the battery cells in the middle region is effectively reduced. Battery cells expand when the temperature rises. If the temperature difference between the battery cells in the battery cell assembly is too large, the expansion force will also be uneven, which may lead to structural damage or performance degradation of the battery cell assembly. The temperature equalization section reduces temperature differences between battery cells by balancing the temperature, thereby reducing the unevenness of expansion forces. This helps maintain the structural stability and performance consistency of the battery assembly, and improves the service life of the battery assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery cell assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural representation of the battery cell assembly.

[0043] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a front view of the battery cell assembly.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature equalization section provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module (at an angle) provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0046] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows a top view of the battery module.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the battery module (from another angle) provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The diagram shows a partial structural representation of the battery pack.

[0050] Figure 10 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0051] Figure 11 This is the second schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0052] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0053] 10000, Energy storage system;

[0054] 1000, battery pack;

[0055] 100. Battery module; 10. Cell assembly; 101. First cell assembly; 102. Second cell assembly; 1. Cell unit; 11. Cell; 12. Connecting to positive electrode; 13. Connecting to negative electrode; 2. Temperature distribution section; 21. Housing; 22. Groove; 3. End plate; 4. Fixing component; 5. First conductive connecting piece; 6. Second conductive connecting piece.

[0056] 201, positive output; 202, negative output.

[0057] 200, housing; 210, positive wiring hole; 220, negative wiring hole; 230, input hole; 240, output hole; 300, battery management system.

[0058] 410 Positive terminal, 420 Negative terminal, 430 Communication input terminal, 440 Communication output terminal;

[0059] High-voltage control system 2000. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0061] Currently, battery modules are typically composed of multiple cell assemblies. Each cell assembly includes multiple layers of cell units arranged along the Z direction. In related technologies, each layer of cell units will generate a large amount of heat during the operation of the battery module. However, due to the difference in heat between two adjacent cell units, the cell assembly will have a large expansion force, which will seriously affect the service life of the cell assembly.

[0062] In view of this, the present invention proposes a battery cell assembly. Figures 1 to 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery cell assembly provided by this utility model. The battery cell assembly provided by this utility model can balance the heat of two adjacent battery cell units, reduce the expansion force of the battery cell assembly, and improve the service life of the battery cell assembly. The battery cell assembly will be described in detail below with reference to the main accompanying drawings.

[0063] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The battery cell assembly 10 includes at least two battery cell units 1 and a temperature equalization section 2. The at least two battery cell units 1 are arranged at intervals along the Z direction. A temperature equalization section 2 is provided between two adjacent battery cell units 1 along the Z direction. Each temperature equalization section 2 is thermally connected to the two adjacent battery cell units 1. The temperature equalization section 2 is used to equalize the temperature of the two adjacent battery cell units 1.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, the temperature equalization section 2 is designed between two adjacent battery cell units 1 and is thermally connected to them. This means that the temperature equalization section 2 can absorb the heat generated by the battery cell unit 1 with higher heat and disperse it to the battery cell unit 1 with lower temperature or the surrounding environment. In this way, the temperature equalization section 2 effectively equalizes the temperature difference between adjacent battery cell units 1 and prevents the formation of local "hot spots". In the battery cell assembly 10, since the battery cell unit 1 in the middle region is surrounded by surrounding battery cells, its heat dissipation conditions are relatively poor, and therefore it is easier to accumulate heat. The presence of the temperature equalization section 2 improves this situation. Through the thermal connection, the battery cell unit 1 in the middle region can transfer heat to the temperature equalization section 2, and then the temperature equalization section 2 disperses the heat to the entire module. In addition, since the temperature equalization section 2 is partially exposed to the environment, it can exchange heat with the cooler air in the environment, so that the temperature equalization section 2 can transfer the absorbed heat to the environment. In this way, the temperature of the battery cell unit 1 in the middle region is effectively reduced, thereby effectively preventing the battery cell in the middle region from having a high temperature and large expansion. Furthermore, if the temperature difference between the cell units 1 in the cell assembly 10 is too large, the expansion force will also be uneven, which may lead to structural damage or performance degradation of the cell assembly 10. The temperature equalization section 2 reduces the temperature difference between the cell units 1 by balancing the temperature, thereby solving the problems of large expansion force and uneven expansion force. This helps to maintain the structural stability and performance consistency of the cell assembly 10 and improves the service life of the cell assembly 10.

[0065] In one embodiment, the temperature equalization section 2 includes a housing 21 and a phase change material. The housing 21 forms a receiving cavity and is thermally connected to two adjacent cell units 1. The phase change material fills the receiving cavity, allowing it to change from a solid to a liquid state (or vice versa) at a specific temperature, accompanied by the absorption or release of a large amount of heat. In the cell assembly 10, when the cell unit 1 generates heat, causing its temperature to rise, the phase change material absorbs this heat, effectively preventing the cell from overheating. The phase change material can uniformly distribute heat throughout the receiving cavity and is thermally connected to adjacent cell units 1 through the housing 21, thereby achieving temperature balance between the cell units 1. This helps reduce temperature differences and avoid the formation of local "hot spots." Overheating is one of the main causes of cell performance degradation and shortened lifespan. Through the heat absorption effect of the phase change material, the temperature equalization section 2 can prevent the cell unit 1 from overheating, thus protecting the cell from high-temperature damage. Temperature differences can cause thermal stress inside the cell, which in turn affects the structural stability and performance of the cell. The temperature equalization section 2 reduces the generation of thermal stress and the large and uneven expansion force by balancing the temperature, which helps to improve the stability and reliability of the battery cell assembly 10.

[0066] It should be noted that there are various types of temperature equalization section 2, such as copper VC plates or aluminum VC plates. Specifically, this application does not limit the type of temperature equalization section 2. It should be noted that the copper VC plate is mainly made of pure copper, is internally sealed and hollow, and has a rough inner wall covered with capillary structures. These capillary structures support and guide the working fluid to circulate between the evaporation and condensation zones. Furthermore, the VC plate is not a flat "strip" like a heat pipe, but rather a wider flat "sheet," a design that helps to better disperse and conduct heat. Through internal liquid evaporation and condensation circulation, the copper VC plate can more efficiently and evenly distribute heat. Due to the extensive evaporation and condensation zones and efficient capillary structures inside the copper VC plate, good temperature equalization can be achieved, avoiding localized overheating. The VC plate made of copper not only has good thermal conductivity but also strong corrosion resistance, extending its service life.

[0067] Reference Figure 4 In one embodiment, the battery cell unit 1 includes multiple battery cells 11. The heat equalization section 2 has multiple grooves 22 on both opposite sides along the Z-direction. Each groove 22 corresponds to and is fitted to one of the battery cells 11, with each battery cell 11 mounted in its corresponding groove 22. This achieves close contact between the battery cell 11 and the heat equalization section 2, which helps reduce thermal resistance and improve heat conduction efficiency. When the battery cell 11 generates heat, the heat is quickly transferred to the heat equalization section 2 through the grooves 22, where it is then dispersed and evenly distributed. The one-to-one correspondence and fitting of the grooves 22 with the battery cells 11 ensures accurate positioning of the battery cells 11 during installation. This design helps prevent the battery cells 11 from shifting or shaking during installation, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the battery cell assembly 10. The groove design helps reduce the impact of these vibrations on the battery cells 11, protecting them from damage. The groove design allows the battery cells 11 to be closely arranged on both sides of the heat equalization section 2, achieving a compact layout of the battery cell assembly 10. This layout helps save space and increase the energy density of the battery cell assembly 10. The design of the groove 22 also increases the contact area between the battery cell 11 and the heat spreader 2, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area, which helps to further improve the heat conduction efficiency and reduce the temperature of the battery cell 11.

[0068] Reference Figure 4In one embodiment, the battery cell 11 is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the groove 22 is at least partially formed as an arc surface, which fits against the side wall of the battery cell 11. This close contact between the arc surface and the side wall of the cylindrical battery cell 11 reduces thermal resistance, allowing the heat generated by the battery cell 11 to be transferred to the heat equalization section 2 more quickly, thus improving heat conduction efficiency. The arc surface design allows heat to be transferred directly to the heat equalization section 2 along the side wall of the battery cell 11, avoiding unnecessary heat diffusion and loss during the transfer process. This helps optimize the thermal path and improve the overall thermal management effect. The fitting design of the arc surface with the side wall of the battery cell 11 enhances the positioning stability of the battery cell 11 in the groove 22. This design helps prevent the battery cell 11 from shifting or shaking under vibration or impact, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the battery cell assembly 10. The arc surface design can disperse stress concentration at the contact point between the battery cell 11 and the groove 22, reducing the risk of structural damage caused by stress concentration. This helps extend the service life of the battery cell assembly 10. The matching design of the arc-shaped surface and the cylindrical battery cell 11 makes the installation process of the battery cell 11 simpler and faster. Operators can more easily place the battery cell 11 into the groove 22 and ensure that it is correctly positioned. When it is necessary to replace the battery cell 11, the arc-shaped surface design also facilitates the disassembly of the battery cell 11. Operators can easily remove the battery cell 11 from the groove 22 and perform necessary maintenance or replacement operations. Due to the tight fit between the cylindrical battery cell 11 and the arc-shaped groove 22, a compact layout of the battery cell assembly 10 can be achieved. This layout helps to save space and increase the energy density of the entire battery cell assembly 10. The arc-shaped surface design increases the contact area between the battery cell 11 and the heat dissipation part 2, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area. This helps to further improve the heat conduction efficiency and reduce the temperature of the battery cell 11, ensuring the stable operation of the battery cell assembly 10.

[0069] Reference Figure 1In one embodiment, the battery cell assembly 10 further includes two end plates 3 and a fixing member 4. The two end plates 3 are located on opposite sides of at least two battery cell units 1 along the Z-direction. The fixing member 4 is connected to the two end plates 3 to fix the two end plates 3, at least two battery cell units 1, and the heat-equalizing part 2 into one unit. This structure enhances the impact and vibration resistance of the battery cell assembly 10, preventing the battery cell 11 from shaking and displacing during operation. When subjected to external forces, the fixing member 4 and the end plates 3 can share and disperse the stress, reducing direct impact and damage to the battery cell 11. The design of fixing the two end plates 3, at least two battery cell units 1, and the heat-equalizing part 2 into one unit makes the battery cell assembly 10 easier and faster to install; simply place the entire module in the designated position and fix it. When it is necessary to replace the battery cell 11 or perform maintenance, the battery cell assembly 10 can be easily removed for subsequent operations by simply removing the fixing member 4. This design reduces the complexity and time cost of maintenance work. The design of fixing the two end plates 3, at least two battery cell units 1 and the temperature equalization section 2 into one piece can provide better shock resistance and reduce safety hazards caused by loosening or falling off of the battery cell 11.

[0070] It should be noted that the shape of the fastener 4 can vary. For example, in one embodiment, the fastener 4 includes a steel strip, which binds the two end plates 3, at least two battery cell units 1, and the temperature equalization section 2 together. In other embodiments, the fastener 4 may also include a screw connector, which screws the two end plates together to secure them, thus fixing the two end plates 3, at least two battery cell units 1, and the temperature equalization section 2 together. Specifically, the shape of the fastener 4 can be selected as needed, and this application does not limit it.

[0071] Reference Figure 5 The present invention also proposes a battery module 100, which includes a cell assembly 10 as described above. The specific structure of the cell assembly 10 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the battery module 100 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0072] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6In one embodiment, at least two cell assemblies 10 are provided, and the at least two cell assemblies 10 are spaced apart along the Y direction. Multiple cell units 1 of the at least two cell assemblies 10 are connected in series, so that the positive output electrode 201 and negative output electrode 202 of the battery module 100 are on the same side and spaced apart along the Z direction. Thus, by combining at least two cell units 1 into cell assemblies 10, and then combining at least two cell assemblies 10 into a battery module 100, a modular design is achieved. This design allows the battery module 100 to flexibly adjust its capacity and size as needed, improving design flexibility. When a cell unit 1 or cell assembly 10 fails, it can be more easily isolated and replaced, reducing the risk of failure of the entire battery system. The series connection of multiple cell units 1 increases the energy density of the battery module 100, allowing the battery to store more energy per unit volume or unit weight. The spaced arrangement of multiple cell assemblies 10 along the Y direction helps to disperse heat sources within the battery module 100. When the cell unit 1 generates heat during operation, this heat is distributed among the different cell assemblies 10, reducing the risk of localized overheating. The positive and negative output terminals 201 are located on the same side and spaced apart along the Z-axis, facilitating the arrangement of the thermal management system. In a series circuit, the current is equal. This characteristic ensures that each cell unit 1 in the battery module 100 receives the same current supply, thereby guaranteeing the overall performance of the battery module 100.

[0073] In one embodiment, the Z-axis is parallel to the direction of gravity. This allows the positive and negative output terminals 201 and 202 of the battery module 100 to be located on the same side and spaced vertically. Placing the positive and negative output terminals 201 and 202 on the same side and spaced vertically significantly shortens the current transmission path within the battery module 100. In conventional designs, current may need to traverse the entire battery module 100 to flow from the positive to the negative terminal. This design reduces this unnecessary path length, thereby reducing energy loss during transmission and improving the energy conversion efficiency of the battery module 100. The shortened current path also means that, for the same current, the heat generated inside the battery module 100 will be correspondingly reduced. This helps reduce the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module 100 and improves its stability and safety in high-temperature environments. In conventional designs, the positive and negative terminals of the battery module 100 may be located on opposite sides, requiring more connectors and processes for connection. This design simplifies the connection process, reduces the number of connectors used, and lowers manufacturing costs and the risk of errors during the process. When the battery module 100 malfunctions, the positive and negative output terminals are on the same side and spaced apart, making it easier to locate and troubleshoot the fault. At the same time, this design also facilitates the replacement and repair of the battery module 100.

[0074] Reference Figures 5 to 7In one embodiment, each cell unit 1 includes an odd number of cells 11 arranged sequentially along the X direction and extending along the Y direction. These odd number of cells 11 are connected in series, thus making full use of limited space and increasing the energy density of the battery module 100. The cells 11 within each cell unit 1 are arranged closely, reducing space waste. Since the cell units 1 are connected in series, their total capacity is equal to the sum of the capacities of individual cells 11. This layout can increase the total capacity by increasing the number of cells 11 without increasing the overall volume of the battery module 100. The odd number of cells 11 connected in series means that current flows in from the positive terminal of the first cell 11, passes through all cells 11, and flows out from the negative terminal of the last cell 11. This series connection simplifies the internal circuit structure of the cell unit 1 and improves energy conversion efficiency. The positive terminal 12 and the negative terminal 13 of each cell unit 1 are located on opposite sides along the Y direction. This layout helps reduce electromagnetic interference within the cell unit 1 and facilitates connection to external circuits. In each battery cell assembly 10, the positive terminal 12 and negative terminal 13 of two adjacent battery cell units 1 are located on the same side. This design simplifies the overall wiring complexity of the battery cell assembly 10, making the connection between battery cell units 1 more intuitive and convenient. The positive terminal 12 and negative terminal 13 of two adjacent battery cell units 1 arranged along the Y direction are positioned opposite each other and electrically connected. This "face-to-face" connection method not only reduces the length of the connecting wires, lowers resistance and energy loss, but also enhances the structural stability of the battery module 100. Furthermore, due to the series connection and reasonable layout of the battery cells 11, the overall energy conversion efficiency of the battery cell assembly 10 is high, reducing resistance loss and heat accumulation.

[0075] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 In each battery cell unit 1, an odd number of battery cells 11 are connected in series via a first conductive connecting piece 5. This direct connection method reduces the length and complexity of the wires, further saving space. The positive terminal 12 and negative terminal 13 of two adjacent battery cell units 1 arranged along the Y direction are connected via a second conductive connecting piece 6. This reduces the length and complexity of the wires, further saving space.

[0076] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6At least two battery cell assemblies 10 include a first battery cell assembly 101. One of the two battery cell units 1 of the first battery cell assembly 101 forms an output positive electrode 201, and the other of the two battery cell units 1 of the first battery cell assembly 101 forms an output negative electrode 202. This simplifies the complexity of the battery cell 11 connection, makes the current path more direct and shorter, reduces current loss inside the battery module 100, and improves the efficiency of the battery module 100. In addition, it also makes the wiring operation more convenient.

[0077] Reference Figures 5 to 7 The at least two battery cell assemblies 10 also include a second battery cell assembly 102. The two cell units 1 of the second battery cell assembly 102 are electrically connected to the positive terminal 12 and the negative terminal 13 on the side opposite to the first battery cell assembly 101. This simplifies the complexity of the cell 11 connections, making the current path more direct and shorter, reducing current loss within the battery module 100, and improving the efficiency of the battery module 100. Furthermore, by implementing a series connection of multiple cell units 1 in at least two battery cell assemblies 10, the total energy density of the battery module can be increased without increasing the overall volume or weight of the battery module. The series connection of multiple cell units 1 in at least two battery cell assemblies 10 allows for voltage superposition. The sum of the voltages of each cell unit 1 significantly increases the output voltage of the entire battery module 100.

[0078] Reference Figure 8 The present invention also proposes a battery pack 1000, which includes a battery module 100 as described above. The specific structure of the battery module 100 is as described above. Since the battery pack 1000 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0079] Reference Figure 9In one embodiment, the battery pack 1000 further includes a housing 200 and a battery management system 300. The housing 200 has a mounting cavity in which the battery module 100 is mounted, and the battery management system 300 is also mounted. The battery management system 300 is connected to the battery module 100. Thus, the battery module 100 and the battery management system 300 are integrated within the mounting cavity of the housing 200, making the entire battery pack 1000 more compact and integrated. The housing 200 provides good physical protection for the battery module 100 and the battery management system 300, preventing damage to the internal components from external impacts, moisture, dust, and other environmental factors. This helps extend the service life of the battery pack 1000 and improve safety. The battery management system 300 is mounted within the mounting cavity and directly connected to the battery module 100. This close connection allows the BMS to monitor the status of the battery module 100 (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.) more quickly and accurately, thereby achieving more precise battery management. This helps improve the overall performance of the battery pack 1000, extend battery life, and ensure the safety of the battery pack 1000. In addition to physical protection, the battery management system 300 also has battery protection functions such as overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, and temperature protection. These functions can take timely measures when the battery malfunctions to prevent accidents and improve the safety of the battery pack 1000.

[0080] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the housing 200 is provided with a positive wiring hole 210 and a negative wiring hole 220, which are spaced apart along the direction of gravity. This optimizes the internal spatial layout of the battery pack 1000, making the overall structure of the battery pack 1000 more compact and reducing its volume. The spaced arrangement of the positive and negative wiring holes 210 and 220 along the direction of gravity also helps reduce cable crossing and clutter when connecting external devices, improving the overall aesthetics and maintainability of the battery pack 1000. The battery pack 1000 also includes a positive terminal 410 and a negative terminal 420. The positive terminal 410 passes through the positive terminal 210 and is connected to the battery management system 300, while the negative terminal 420 passes through the negative terminal 220 and is also connected to the battery management system 300. This direct connection of the positive and negative terminals 420 to the battery management system 300 through their corresponding positive and negative terminals 220 simplifies the connection process and improves connection efficiency. Furthermore, this design helps reduce incorrect connections caused by confusion between positive and negative terminals during the connection process, improving safety and reliability. The tight fit between the positive terminal 210 and the negative terminal 220 and the positive terminal 410 and negative terminal 420 respectively helps reduce the risk of loosening and detachment, improving the stability and reliability of the electrical connection.

[0081] It should be noted that the design of the positive terminal 210, negative terminal 220, positive terminal 410, and negative terminal 420 typically follows certain standards and specifications, ensuring good compatibility and interchangeability between battery packs 1000 and battery management systems 300 from different manufacturers. Standardized design also facilitates the expansion and upgrading of the battery pack 1000, for example, by adding additional terminals and wiring holes to support more functions or higher performance requirements.

[0082] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 In one embodiment, the housing 200 is provided with an input port 230 and an output port 240, which are spaced apart along the direction of gravity. This makes the electrical connection layout inside the battery pack 1000 clearer and more reasonable. This layout helps reduce cable crossing and clutter when connecting external devices, improving the overall aesthetics and maintainability of the battery pack 1000. The battery pack 1000 also includes a communication input terminal 430 and a communication output terminal 440. The communication input terminal 430 passes through the input port 230 and connects to the battery management system 300, while the negative terminal 420 passes through the negative terminal 220 and connects to the battery management system 300. This design simplifies the connection process and improves connection efficiency. In addition, this design helps reduce incorrect connections caused by confusing the communication input terminal 430 and the communication output terminal 440 during the connection process, improving safety and reliability. The separate layout of the communication input terminal 430 and the communication output terminal 440 helps reduce mutual interference between signals. Especially in high-frequency signal transmission, this layout can significantly reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI), thereby improving the quality and stability of signal transmission. Furthermore, the communication input terminal 430 and communication output terminal 440 directly connect to the battery management system 300 through their corresponding input holes 230 and output holes 240, simplifying the connection and debugging process. Users can achieve rapid communication and data exchange between the battery pack 1000 and the battery management system 300 without complex wiring and debugging work.

[0083] It should be noted that the input port 230, output port 240, communication input terminal 430, and communication output terminal 440 all follow standardized design principles, ensuring good compatibility and interchangeability between battery packs 1000 and battery management systems 300 from different manufacturers. This helps reduce the cost and time for users when replacing or upgrading equipment.

[0084] Reference Figure 8In one embodiment, the positive wiring hole 210 and the negative wiring hole 220 together constitute the wiring structure, and the input hole 230 and the output hole 240 together constitute the communication structure. The wiring structure and the communication structure are located on the same side panel of the housing 200, and are respectively located near the two ends of the side panel. This design makes the various parts of the battery pack 1000 clearer, easier to understand and maintain, and reduces cable crossing and clutter when connecting external devices. Separating the communication interface from the power interface and placing them at both ends of the side panel helps reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) between them. This layout ensures the stability and accuracy of data transmission, while protecting the electrical components inside the battery pack 1000 from potential damage. The rational arrangement of the wiring structure and the communication structure on the same side panel allows for more efficient use of the space in the housing 200. This compact design helps reduce the overall volume of the battery pack 1000, improving its overall aesthetics and practicality. Since the wiring structure and the communication structure are both located on the same side panel and their positions are clearly defined, the wiring work inside and outside the battery pack 1000 can be greatly simplified. This reduces the difficulty of installation and debugging, and improves work efficiency. Positioning the wiring and communication structures at opposite ends of the side panel helps reduce safety risks caused by misoperation or short circuits. At the same time, this layout also facilitates user compliance with safety regulations during use, ensuring the stable operation of the Battery Pack 1000 and user safety.

[0085] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 This invention also proposes an energy storage system 10000, comprising multiple battery packs 1000 as described above, arranged in series to achieve a higher voltage output. In the series-connected battery packs 1000, if a battery pack 1000 malfunctions (e.g., short circuit, open circuit), the current flowing through each component (i.e., each battery pack 1000) is the same. This means that if a short circuit occurs within a battery pack 1000, the short-circuit current will primarily circulate within that battery pack 1000 and will not directly flow to other battery packs 1000. The voltage of the series-connected battery pack 1000 is the sum of the voltages of each individual battery pack 1000. When a battery pack 1000 malfunctions (e.g., open circuit), that battery pack 1000 will no longer contribute voltage, but the other battery packs 1000 can still maintain their voltage output. Although this affects the total voltage of the entire battery pack, the fault itself will not be directly transmitted to other battery packs 1000. This helps reduce the risk of failure in the energy storage system 10000 and improves the overall safety of the system. The series-connected battery pack 1000 adopts a modular design, which can easily increase or decrease the number of battery packs 1000 according to actual needs, so as to flexibly adjust the capacity of the energy storage system 10000.

[0086] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 The energy storage system 10000 also includes a high-voltage control system 2000. Multiple battery packs 1000 are connected in series. One battery pack 1000's positive terminal 410 and communication input terminal 430 are connected to the high-voltage control system 2000, while another battery pack 1000's negative terminal 420 is connected. This series-connected battery pack design, combined with the high-voltage control system 2000, enables more precise battery management. The high-voltage control system 2000 can monitor the temperature, voltage, current, and other parameters of each battery pack 1000 in real time. If any abnormality is detected, such as battery overheating or abnormal voltage, immediate measures can be taken to reduce the risk of thermal runaway and prevent safety accidents such as fires. If a battery pack 1000 malfunctions, the high-voltage control system 2000 can quickly identify and isolate the fault area, preventing the fault from spreading and ensuring the safe operation of other battery packs 1000 and the entire energy storage system 10000. The high-voltage control system 2000 enables remote monitoring and fault diagnosis of the battery packs 1000, reducing the workload of maintenance personnel. Furthermore, because the battery packs 1000 employ a series design, only a single battery pack 1000 needs to be replaced when batteries need to be replaced, eliminating the need for large-scale modifications to the entire system. Through the high-voltage control system 2000's balanced management of the series-connected battery packs 1000, it ensures that each battery pack 1000 maintains a consistent voltage and charge level during charging and discharging, thus avoiding system instability caused by performance differences between battery packs 1000. The series-connected battery pack design, combined with the precise control of the high-voltage control system 2000, significantly improves the overall reliability and stability of the energy storage system 10000, ensuring stable operation under various conditions.

[0087] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery cell assembly, characterized in that, include At least two battery cell units, and the at least two battery cell units are arranged at intervals along the Z-direction; A temperature equalization section is provided between two adjacent battery cells along the Z direction. Each temperature equalization section is thermally connected to the two adjacent battery cells. The temperature equalization section is used to equalize the temperature of the two adjacent battery cells.

2. The battery cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature equalization section includes: The housing has a receiving cavity, and the housing is thermally connected to two adjacent battery cells. A phase change material is filled into the cavity.

3. The battery cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell unit includes multiple battery cells; The temperature equalization section has multiple grooves on both opposite sides along the Z direction. Each groove corresponds to and is adapted to one of the multiple battery cells, and each battery cell is installed in the corresponding groove.

4. The cell assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery cell is arranged in a cylindrical shape; The inner wall of the groove is at least partially formed as an arc surface, which is in contact with the side wall of the battery cell.

5. The cell assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The battery cell assembly also includes: Two end plates, which are located on opposite sides of at least two of the battery cells along the Z direction; A fastener is connected to the two end plates to fix the two end plates, at least two battery cells, and the temperature equalization section into one unit.

6. A battery module, characterized in that, Includes the cell assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The battery module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The battery cell assembly is provided in at least two, and the at least two battery cell assemblies are arranged at intervals along the Y direction. The multiple battery cell units of the at least two battery cell assemblies are arranged in series, so that the output positive and output negative terminals of the battery module are on the same side and arranged at intervals along the Z direction.

8. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each of the battery cells includes an odd number of cells arranged sequentially along the X direction and extending along the Y direction. The odd number of cells are connected in series so that the positive and negative terminals of each battery cell are on opposite sides along the Y direction. The positive and negative terminals of two adjacent battery cells in each battery cell assembly are on the same side. The positive and negative terminals of two adjacent battery cells arranged along the Y direction are opposite to each other and electrically connected.

9. The battery module according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least two of the battery cell assemblies include a first battery cell assembly, one of the two battery cell units of the first battery cell assembly having the output positive electrode, and the other of the two battery cell units of the first battery cell assembly having the output negative electrode.

10. The battery module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The at least two battery cell assemblies further include a second battery cell assembly, wherein the two battery cell units of the second battery cell assembly are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals on the side opposite to the first battery cell assembly.

11. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery module as described in any one of claims 6 to 10.

12. The battery pack according to claim 11, characterized in that, Also includes: The housing has an installation cavity; The battery module is installed inside the mounting cavity; A battery management system is installed inside the mounting cavity and is connected to the battery module.

13. The battery pack according to claim 12, characterized in that, The housing is provided with positive wiring holes and negative wiring holes, which are arranged at intervals along the direction of gravity; The battery pack also includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The positive terminal passes through the positive terminal and is connected to the battery management system, and the negative terminal passes through the negative terminal and is connected to the battery management system.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that, The housing is provided with an input hole and an output hole, which are arranged at intervals along the direction of gravity; The battery pack also includes a communication input terminal and a communication output terminal. The communication input terminal passes through the input hole and is connected to the battery management system, and the communication output terminal passes through the output hole and is connected to the battery management system.

15. The battery pack according to claim 14, characterized in that, The positive wiring hole and the negative wiring hole together constitute a wiring structure, and the input hole and the output hole together constitute a communication structure. The wiring structure and the communication structure are located on the same side plate of the enclosure, and the wiring structure and the communication structure are respectively located near the two ends of the side plate.

16. An energy storage system, characterized in that, It includes multiple battery packs as described in any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the multiple battery packs are connected in series.

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