Battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery packs, and discloses a battery pack and a power utilization device, the battery pack comprises a battery box body, a partition plate and a flow guide piece, the partition plate is fixed in the battery box body, a battery cell is mounted on one side of the partition plate in the height direction, and a battery cell explosion-proof valve is arranged on one side of the battery cell facing the partition plate; an exhaust space is formed on the other side of the partition plate in the height direction, and an exhaust hole opposite to the battery cell explosion-proof valve is formed in the partition plate; the flow guide part is a high-temperature-resistant part and is mounted in the exhaust hole; a gap is formed between the flow guide part and at least part of the inner hole wall of the exhaust hole; an exhaust channel is formed in the flow guide part, the flow guide part is in sealing fit with the end face, facing the partition plate, of the battery cell, and the flow guide part surrounds the battery cell explosion-proof valve; and the exhaust channel is communicated with a space defined by the battery cell explosion-proof valve and the flow guide piece and the exhaust space. The sprayed high-temperature and high-pressure substances can be completely gathered in the exhaust channel through the flow guide piece, possible leakage of the high-temperature and high-pressure substances is avoided, it is guaranteed that the high-temperature and high-pressure substances accurately enter the exhaust space, and flow guide reliability is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery pack technology, and in particular to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, battery packs typically have internal separators that support the battery cells. Common separators are made of metal, which offers good mechanical and thermal conductivity. However, in the event of thermal runaway in a battery cell, the separator can easily amplify the thermal failure area.

[0003] Specifically, when a cell in a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the ejected high-temperature, high-pressure material enters the venting space through openings in the separator. Due to the lack of effective guidance for this material, it may enter the non-venting spaces of the battery pack, affecting other components. Furthermore, the high-temperature, high-pressure material ejected during thermal runaway is conductive; upon contact with the separator, it forms a conductive connection, easily causing a short circuit. Although existing separator openings are covered with an insulating layer, the high-temperature, high-pressure material ejected during thermal runaway can easily burn and damage this insulating layer, also causing an electrical short circuit.

[0004] In summary, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the existing baffle cannot ensure that the ejected high-temperature and high-pressure material accurately enters the exhaust space; moreover, the ejected high-temperature and high-pressure material conducts electricity when in contact with the baffle, which can easily cause electrical short circuits. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the existing baffle cannot ensure that the ejected high-temperature and high-pressure material accurately enters the exhaust space; moreover, the ejected high-temperature and high-pressure material conducts electricity when in contact with the baffle, which can easily cause an electrical short circuit.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a technical solution for a battery pack:

[0007] A battery pack includes: a battery housing and a separator, the separator being fixedly disposed in the battery housing, the separator having a height direction, a battery cell being mounted on one side of the separator in the height direction, and a battery cell explosion-proof valve being provided on the side of the battery cell facing the separator;

[0008] The partition forms an exhaust space between the partition and the battery box on the other side of the height direction. The partition has an exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is arranged opposite to the cell explosion-proof valve.

[0009] A flow guide, which is a high-temperature resistant component, is installed on the exhaust port, and at least part of the flow guide and the inner wall of the exhaust port are provided with a gap;

[0010] The flow guide has an internal exhaust channel, the flow guide is sealed to the end face of the battery cell facing the partition, and the flow guide surrounds the battery cell explosion-proof valve;

[0011] The exhaust channel connects the space enclosed by the cell explosion-proof valve and the guide member, as well as the exhaust space; an insulator is provided between the guide member and the inner wall of the exhaust hole, and / or, at least one of the guide member and the partition is an insulator.

[0012] Furthermore, the guide member is an annular member, and the guide member is in clearance fit with the exhaust hole, and the clearance is an annular clearance.

[0013] Furthermore, the partition is a metal plate, and an insulating protective body is also provided in the gap.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the current guide is fixedly connected to the end face of the battery cell facing the separator; and / or, the side of the separator away from the battery cell is provided with an insulating layer, and the other end of the current guide is fixedly connected to the insulating layer.

[0015] Furthermore, along the height direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow guide increases from the side closer to the cell explosion-proof valve to the side farther away from the cell explosion-proof valve.

[0016] Furthermore, the flow guide includes a sidewall section and a flanged section. The sidewall section is arranged around the exhaust port, and the flanged section is fixedly connected to the end of the sidewall section away from the cell explosion-proof valve. The flanged section is bent away from the exhaust channel.

[0017] Furthermore, the flanged section overlaps with the side of the partition away from the battery cell.

[0018] Furthermore, the flow guide is an insulating component, and / or the partition is an insulating plate; the flow guide is in contact with the exhaust port.

[0019] Furthermore, the flow guide is at least one of ceramic silicone material, mica material, aramid fiber material, basalt fiber material, and high silica fiber material.

[0020] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a technical solution for an electrical device:

[0021] Electrical devices, including: battery packs;

[0022] A battery pack includes: a battery housing and a separator, the separator being fixedly disposed in the battery housing, the separator having a height direction, a battery cell being mounted on one side of the separator in the height direction, and a battery cell explosion-proof valve being provided on the side of the battery cell facing the separator;

[0023] The partition forms an exhaust space between the partition and the battery box on the other side of the height direction. The partition has an exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is arranged opposite to the cell explosion-proof valve.

[0024] A flow guide, which is a high-temperature resistant component, is installed on the exhaust port, and at least part of the flow guide and the inner wall of the exhaust port are provided with a gap;

[0025] The flow guide has an internal exhaust channel, the flow guide is sealed to the end face of the battery cell facing the partition, and the flow guide surrounds the battery cell explosion-proof valve;

[0026] The exhaust channel connects the space enclosed by the cell explosion-proof valve and the guide member, as well as the exhaust space; an insulator is provided between the guide member and the inner wall of the exhaust hole, and / or, at least one of the guide member and the partition is an insulator.

[0027] Furthermore, the guide member is an annular member, and the guide member is in clearance fit with the exhaust hole, and the clearance is an annular clearance.

[0028] Furthermore, the partition is a metal plate, and an insulating protective body is also provided in the gap.

[0029] Furthermore, one end of the current guide is fixedly connected to the end face of the battery cell facing the separator; and / or, the side of the separator away from the battery cell is provided with an insulating layer, and the other end of the current guide is fixedly connected to the insulating layer.

[0030] Furthermore, along the height direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow guide increases from the side closer to the cell explosion-proof valve to the side farther away from the cell explosion-proof valve.

[0031] Furthermore, the flow guide includes a sidewall section and a flanged section. The sidewall section is arranged around the exhaust port, and the flanged section is fixedly connected to the end of the sidewall section away from the cell explosion-proof valve. The flanged section is bent away from the exhaust channel.

[0032] Furthermore, the flanged section overlaps with the side of the partition away from the battery cell.

[0033] Furthermore, the flow guide is an insulating component, and / or the partition is an insulating plate; the flow guide is in contact with the exhaust port.

[0034] Furthermore, the flow guide is at least one of ceramic silicone material, mica material, aramid fiber material, basalt fiber material, and high silica fiber material.

[0035] Compared with existing technologies, the battery pack and power supply device of this utility model have the following advantages: The battery pack adopts a design of battery box, separator, battery cells, and current guide components. The separator is fixedly installed in the battery box and has a vertical dimension. Battery cells are installed on one side of the separator in this vertical direction, with the cell explosion-proof valve facing the separator, forming a cell housing space on one side of the separator. An exhaust space is formed between the separator and the battery box on the other side in the vertical direction. Exhaust holes are provided on the separator and are arranged opposite to the cell explosion-proof valve. In the event of thermal failure, the cell explosion-proof valve opens and sprays high-temperature, high-pressure material, which can enter the exhaust space through the exhaust holes.

[0036] Among them, the current guide is a high-temperature resistant component and is installed in the exhaust port. On the one hand, the current guide can withstand high-temperature erosion and is not easily damaged, ensuring the reliability of the current guiding function. At least part of the inner wall of the exhaust port has a gap between the current guide and the exhaust port, reducing the damage to other structures caused by high temperature conduction. On the other hand, an insulator is provided between the current guide and the inner wall of the exhaust port, and / or at least one of the current guide and the separator is an insulator, thereby generating an electrical insulation effect between the exhaust channel and the separator, blocking the conductive path between the high-temperature and high-pressure material and the separator, and preventing electrical short circuits in the cells of the battery pack.

[0037] In addition, the guide component has an internal exhaust channel. The guide component is sealed to the end face of the battery cell facing the separator, and the guide component surrounds the battery cell explosion-proof valve. That is, the exhaust channel of the guide component completely covers the battery cell explosion-proof valve. This can collect all the high-temperature and high-pressure substances sprayed out by the battery cell explosion-proof valve in the exhaust channel, avoiding the possibility of leakage of high-temperature and high-pressure substances in the space on the side where the battery cell is located during thermal runaway. This ensures that the sprayed high-temperature and high-pressure substances accurately enter the exhaust space and guarantees the reliability of the guide component. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is an internal structural diagram of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0040] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the battery pack;

[0041] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the flow guide and the partition plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the flow guide component according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0043] In the diagram: 1-partition, 10-vent hole, 11-vent space, 12-gap, 13-insulation layer, 14-insulation protection body, 15-adhesive layer, 2-flow guide, 20-vent channel, 21-flared structure, 22-side wall section, 23-flanged section, 3-cell, 30-cell explosion-proof valve, 4-battery box, Z-height direction. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0045] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a battery box 4, a separator 1, and a current guide 2. The separator 1 is fixedly disposed in the battery box 4. The separator 1 has a height direction Z. A battery cell 3 is installed on one side of the separator 1 in the height direction Z. A battery cell explosion-proof valve 30 is provided on the side of the battery cell 3 facing the separator 1. An exhaust space 11 is formed between the separator 1 and the battery box 4 on the other side of the height direction Z. The separator 1 has an exhaust hole 10, and the exhaust hole 10 is arranged opposite to the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30.

[0049] The guide element 2 is a high-temperature resistant component. The guide element 2 is installed in the exhaust port 10. The guide element 2 and the inner wall of the exhaust port 10 are at least partially separated by a gap 12. The guide element 2 has an exhaust channel 20 inside. The guide element 2 and the end face of the battery cell 3 facing the partition 1 are sealed together. The guide element 2 surrounds the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30. The exhaust channel 20 connects the space enclosed by the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30 and the guide element 2 and the exhaust space 11. An insulator is provided between the guide element 2 and the inner wall of the exhaust port 10. And / or, at least one of the guide element 2 and the partition 1 is an insulator.

[0050] The battery pack adopts a design consisting of a battery housing 4, a separator 1, battery cells 3, and a current guide 2. The separator 1 is fixedly installed within the battery housing 4 and has a height direction Z. Battery cells 3 are installed on one side of the separator 1 in the height direction Z, with the cell explosion-proof valve 30 facing the separator 1. This forms a cell housing space on one side of the separator 1. On the other side of the separator 1 in the height direction Z, a venting space 11 is formed between the separator 1 and the battery housing 4. Vent holes 10 are provided on the separator 1, and these vent holes 10 are arranged opposite to the cell explosion-proof valve 30. In the event of thermal failure, the cell explosion-proof valve 30 opens and ejects high-temperature, high-pressure material, which enters the venting space 11 through the vent holes 10.

[0051] The guide element 2 is a high-temperature resistant component and is installed in the vent hole 10. On the one hand, the guide element 2 can withstand high-temperature erosion and is not easily damaged, ensuring the reliability of the guiding function. At least part of the inner wall of the vent hole 10 and the guide element 2 are provided with a gap 12, which reduces the damage to other structures caused by high temperature conduction. On the other hand, an insulator is provided between the guide element 2 and the inner wall of the vent hole 10, and / or at least one of the guide element 2 and the separator 1 is an insulator, thereby creating an electrical insulation effect between the vent channel 20 and the separator 1, blocking the conductive path between the high-temperature and high-pressure material and the separator 1, and preventing electrical short circuits in the battery cells 3 in the battery pack.

[0052] In addition, the guide member 2 has an exhaust channel 20 inside. The guide member 2 is sealed to the end face of the battery cell 3 facing the partition 1. The guide member 2 surrounds the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30. That is, the exhaust channel 20 of the guide member 2 completely covers the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30. This can collect all the high-temperature and high-pressure substances sprayed out by the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30 in the exhaust channel 20, which avoids the possibility of leakage of high-temperature and high-pressure substances in the space on the side where the battery cell 3 is located during thermal runaway. This ensures that the sprayed high-temperature and high-pressure substances accurately enter the exhaust space 11 and guarantees the reliability of the guide.

[0053] In this embodiment, the flow guide 2 is an annular component, and the flow guide 2 and the exhaust port 10 are clearance-fitted, with the gap 12 being an annular gap. Regardless of whether the flow guide 2 is a conductor or an insulator, the flow guide 2 and the exhaust port 10 can be assembled in a clearance-fit manner. The annular gap reduces the heat transferred from the flow guide 2 to the partition 1, thus narrowing the high-temperature impact range during thermal runaway. The partition 1 is a metal plate. To further improve the electrical insulation effect, such as... Figure 3 As shown, an insulating protective body 14 is also provided in the annular gap to effectively prevent electrical short circuits that may be caused by the conduction between high-temperature and high-pressure materials and the partition 1.

[0054] In other embodiments, regardless of whether the guide element is a conductor or an insulator, the insulating protective body between the guide element and the exhaust port can be omitted. Since there is air in the annular gap, it can not only serve as a heat insulation medium, but also, when the minimum distance of the annular gap is greater than the safe distance at which air can be ionized and broken down by high voltage, the air can also be regarded as an electrical insulating medium. This blocks the conductive path between the guide element and the partition, preventing the high-temperature and high-pressure material of the spray valve from potentially conducting electricity with the partition and causing an electrical short circuit, thus ensuring the effect of electrical insulation.

[0055] As a further preferred embodiment, one end of the current guide 2 is fixedly connected to the end face of the battery cell 3 facing the separator 1, and an insulating layer 13 is provided on the side of the separator 1 away from the battery cell 3. The other end of the current guide 2 is fixedly connected to the insulating layer 13. That is, both ends of the current guide 2 are fixedly connected to the end face of the battery cell 3 and the insulating layer 13 of the separator 1, respectively, achieving the purpose of fixed connection and insulating installation of the current guide 2. An adhesive layer 15 is provided on the side of the separator 1 facing the battery cell 3, which serves to bond and fix the battery cell 3.

[0056] In other embodiments, to meet different usage requirements, one end of the current guide is fixedly connected to the end face of the battery cell facing the separator, while the other end of the current guide is spaced apart from the separator. Alternatively, one end of the current guide is arranged to abut against the end face of the battery cell facing the separator, while the other end of the current guide is fixedly connected to the insulating layer of the separator, which can also meet the assembly requirements of fixing and insulation.

[0057] As a further preferred embodiment, the minimum distance between the side wall of the guide member 2 near the vent 10 and the wall of the vent 10 is between 1mm and 6mm. The minimum distance between the side wall of the guide member 2 and the wall of the vent 10 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual specifications of the battery cell 3. For example, if the battery cell 3 has a large capacity and the required explosion-proof valve 30 is large, then any distance between 3mm and 6mm can be selected as the minimum distance; conversely, if the battery cell 3 has a small capacity and the required explosion-proof valve 30 is small, then any distance between 1mm and 3mm can be selected as the minimum distance.

[0058] In this embodiment, along the height direction Z, the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide member 2 increases from the side near the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30 to the side away from the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30. That is, the guide member 2 is provided with a flared structure 21 in the direction away from the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30. The design of the flared structure 21 can improve the discharge volume of the spray valve jet. Specifically, the guide member 2 includes a side wall section 22 and a flanged section 23. The side wall section 22 is arranged around the exhaust hole 10, and the flanged section 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the side wall section 22 away from the battery cell explosion-proof valve 30. The flanged section 23 is bent in the direction away from the exhaust channel 20, and the flanged section 23 constitutes the flared structure 21.

[0059] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the sidewall section 22 of the guide member 2 is a straight sidewall extending parallel to the height direction Z, and the sidewall section 22 is arranged around the exhaust hole 10, while the flanged section 23 is located on the side of the exhaust hole 10 facing the exhaust space 11. That is, when the high-temperature and high-pressure material of the spray valve leaves the exhaust hole 10, it is flared and guided. The flanged section 23 is bent away from the exhaust channel 20 to prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure material from splashing into the annular gap.

[0060] To further improve the protective effect, the flanged section 23 overlaps with the side of the partition 1 away from the battery cell 3. Specifically, the flanged section 23 is an arc-shaped flanged section. By overlapping and connecting the flanged section 23 to the side of the partition 1 away from the battery cell 3, the gap between the side wall section 22 and the vent 10 can be fully covered, thereby meeting the requirements of creepage distance and electrical clearance, and improving electrical stability and safety.

[0061] Alternatively, the separator 1 can be a liquid-cooled plate, in which coolant flows. This cools the battery cell 3 and may also cool the high-temperature, high-pressure material ejected through the exhaust channel 20, ensuring the safety of the material released through the battery pack's vent valve. If the temperature of the ejected high-temperature, high-pressure material exceeds its ignition point, it may easily ignite upon contact with oxygen, potentially causing secondary damage.

[0062] In other embodiments, the flow guide is an insulating component; or, the partition is an insulating plate; or, both the flow guide and the partition are insulators; the flow guide contacts and engages with the exhaust port, which also satisfies the electrical insulation requirements between the exhaust channel of the flow guide and the partition. Specifically, the flow guide is at least one of ceramic silicone, mica, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, and high-silica fiber.

[0063] An electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery pack, which is the same as the battery pack in the various embodiments described above, and will not be described again here.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The battery box (4) and the separator (1) are fixedly installed in the battery box (4). The separator (1) has a height direction (Z). A battery cell (3) is installed on one side of the separator (1) in the height direction (Z). A battery cell explosion-proof valve (30) is provided on the side of the battery cell (3) facing the separator (1). The partition (1) forms an exhaust space (11) between the battery box (4) on the other side of the height direction (Z), the partition (1) is provided with an exhaust hole (10), and the exhaust hole (10) is arranged opposite to the cell explosion-proof valve (30); The guide (2) is a high temperature resistant component. The guide (2) is installed on the exhaust hole (10). The guide (2) and the inner wall of the exhaust hole (10) are at least partially provided with a gap (12). The guide (2) has an exhaust channel (20) inside. The guide (2) is sealed to the end face of the battery cell (3) facing the partition (1), and the guide (2) surrounds the battery cell explosion-proof valve (30). The exhaust channel (20) connects the space enclosed by the cell explosion-proof valve (30) and the guide (2) and the exhaust space (11); an insulator is provided between the guide (2) and the inner wall of the exhaust hole (10), and / or, at least one of the guide (2) and the partition (1) is an insulator.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide (2) is an annular part, and the guide (2) is in clearance fit with the exhaust hole (10), and the clearance (12) is an annular clearance.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The partition (1) is a metal plate, and an insulating protective body (14) is also provided in the gap (12).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the flow guide (2) is fixedly connected to the end face of the battery cell (3) facing the partition (1); and / or, the side of the partition (1) away from the battery cell (3) is also provided with an insulating layer (13), and the other end of the flow guide (2) is fixedly connected to the insulating layer (13).

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the height direction (Z), the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide member (2) increases from the side near the cell explosion-proof valve (30) to the side away from the cell explosion-proof valve (30).

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide member (2) includes a side wall section (22) and a flange section (23). The side wall section (22) is arranged around the exhaust hole (10). The flange section (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the side wall section (22) away from the cell explosion-proof valve (30), and the flange section (23) is bent away from the exhaust channel (20).

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flange section (23) overlaps with the side of the partition (1) away from the battery cell (3).

8. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide (2) is an insulating component, and / or the partition (1) is an insulating plate; the flow guide (2) is in contact with the exhaust hole (10).

9. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow guide (2) is any one of ceramic silicone, mica, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, or high silica fiber.

10. An electrical device, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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