Multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a multifunctional electronic horn used for an electric vehicle, the electronic horn comprises an MCU control circuit, a voltage detection circuit and a plurality of volume control circuits, the voltage detection circuit and the volume control circuits are connected with the MCU control circuit, the volume control circuits are connected with a buzzer horn through an H-bridge driving circuit, the voltage detection circuit is connected with an external power supply, and the volume control circuits are connected with the external power supply. The voltage range is used for detecting external power supply; the MCU control circuit is used for receiving an external control signal and a voltage range so as to control the connection mode of the plurality of volume control circuits; and the H-bridge driving circuit is used for driving the buzzer horn to produce sound. According to the multifunctional electronic horn for the electric vehicle, voltage self-adaptive volume adjustment is designed, the voltage detection circuit is designed, the volume control circuit can be actively switched according to the change of the power supply voltage, the sound production volume change under different voltages is reduced, and the user experience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic horn technology, and in particular to a multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With modernization, people's demand for convenient travel is constantly increasing, and two-wheeled electric bicycles are an essential component to meet this need for convenient and affordable travel. The horn function is one of the essential guarantees for riding safety, and its volume should meet the national standard decibel requirements. However, the use of electric bicycles involves more than just the horn function; various other prompts, such as those for turning, gear shifting, and anti-theft alarms, also contribute to the convenience and safety of consumers. These functions all require sound-generating devices installed on the vehicle. Due to the differences in their functions and sound levels, the horn device is generally designed separately from other prompt sound devices, resulting in a waste of materials and costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to overcome the defects existing in the prior art and provide a multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] A multi-functional electronic horn for electric vehicles includes an MCU control circuit, a voltage detection circuit connected to the MCU control circuit, and multiple volume control circuits. The volume control circuits are connected to a buzzer horn via an H-bridge drive circuit, wherein:

[0006] The voltage detection circuit is connected to an external power supply and is used to detect the voltage range of the external power supply.

[0007] The MCU control circuit is used to receive external control signals and the voltage range to control the connection mode of the multiple volume control circuits;

[0008] The H-bridge drive circuit is used to drive the buzzer speaker to produce sound.

[0009] Furthermore, the MCU control circuit detects the voltage range of the external power supply through a voltage divider circuit formed by resistors R21 and R20.

[0010] Furthermore, the MCU control circuit is connected to the device that sends the external control signal via resistor R22.

[0011] Furthermore, the MCU control circuit is preset with voltage ranges corresponding to each volume level of the electronic speaker, and with adjustment methods for the volume level when the voltage range of the external power supply is higher or lower than the voltage range.

[0012] Furthermore, the volume control circuit includes transistors Q3 and Q1. The base of transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of transistor Q1 through resistor R3. The emitter of transistor Q3 is connected to an external power supply. The collector of transistor Q3 is connected to the H-bridge drive circuit through a current-limiting resistor R6. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the MCU control circuit through resistor R1. The emitter of the MCU control circuit is grounded. In the multiple volume control circuits, the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor R6 connected to the H-bridge drive circuit is different.

[0013] Furthermore, the volume control circuit includes a transistor Q13. The base of the transistor Q13 is connected to the MCU control circuit through a resistor R18, and the collector is connected to the H-bridge drive circuit through a current-limiting resistor R16. The collector is grounded. In the multiple volume control circuits, the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor R16 connected to the H-bridge drive circuit is different.

[0014] Furthermore, the H-bridge drive circuit includes transistors Q7, Q8, Q11, and Q12, wherein:

[0015] The emitter of transistor Q7 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q8, the emitters of transistor Q11 and transistor Q12 are connected, the collector of transistor Q7 is connected to the collector of transistor Q11, and the collector of transistor Q8 is connected to the collector of transistor Q12.

[0016] The collector of transistor Q7 is connected to the first end of the buzzer speaker, and the base of transistor Q8 is connected to the first end of the buzzer speaker through resistor R11; the collector of transistor Q8 is connected to the other end of the buzzer speaker, and the base of transistor Q7 is connected to the other end of the buzzer speaker through resistor R10.

[0017] The base of transistor Q11 is connected to the first speaker driver through resistor R14, and the base of transistor Q12 is connected to the second speaker driver through resistor R15; both the first speaker driver and the second speaker driver are connected to the MCU control circuit.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. The multi-functional electronic horn for electric vehicles provided by this utility model integrates the horn function and the prompt sound function: using the same component to complete all the sound functions required by a two-wheeled electric vehicle, thereby reducing overall cost and material waste.

[0020] 2. The multi-functional electronic horn for electric vehicles provided by this utility model is designed with a low-cost volume control scheme: it can achieve control of multiple volume levels without the need for integrated chips. It can achieve a high volume for the horn function to meet the riding safety requirements for external reminders; it can also meet the medium and low volumes for various basic daily prompts. Excessive prompt volume can cause disturbance to neighbors, user resentment, or even damage to hearing; and the volume can be adjusted by the user at any time according to their habits.

[0021] 3. The multi-functional electronic horn for electric vehicles provided by this utility model is designed with voltage adaptive volume adjustment: The present invention designs a voltage detection circuit that actively switches the volume control circuit according to the change of the power supply voltage, so as to reduce the change of sound volume under different voltages and improve the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This utility model describes a positive volume control circuit for a multifunctional electronic horn used in electric vehicles.

[0025] Figure 3 This invention relates to a negative volume control circuit for a multifunctional electronic horn used in electric vehicles. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0030] In existing technology, the horn of a typical electric bicycle is powered by a power battery. The characteristic of lead-acid batteries is that their supply voltage varies greatly from fully charged to fully discharged. For example, a 48V lead-acid battery can operate in the range of 40 to 54V. This causes a problem: since the buzzer horn is directly powered by the battery, its volume and sound power will vary with the voltage change, resulting in a certain difference in volume between a fully charged and an empty battery, leading to a poorer user experience.

[0031] like Figures 1-3As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-functional electronic horn for electric vehicles with voltage adaptive volume adjustment. The electronic horn includes an MCU control circuit, a voltage detection circuit connected to the MCU control circuit, and multiple volume control circuits. The volume control circuits are connected to a buzzer horn via an H-bridge drive circuit. Specifically: the voltage detection circuit is connected to an external power supply and is used to detect the voltage range of the external power supply; the MCU control circuit receives external control signals and determines the volume level of the electronic horn based on the external control signals, adjusts the volume level of the electronic horn according to the voltage range, and ultimately determines the combination of the multiple volume control circuits and the current value flowing into the H-bridge drive circuit; the H-bridge drive circuit drives the buzzer horn to emit sound.

[0032] Specifically, in some embodiments, the voltage detection circuit can be a precision resistor voltage divider circuit; the MCU control circuit can be a microcontroller; the H-bridge drive circuit can be a bridge drive circuit formed by transistors; the multiple volume control circuits can be multiple sets of transistors and current-limiting resistors with different resistance values; and the buzzer speaker can be a piezoelectric ceramic buzzer.

[0033] More specifically, in some embodiments, the MCU control circuit detects the voltage range of the external power supply through a voltage divider circuit formed by resistors R21 and R20. The MCU control circuit is connected to the device that sends external control signals through resistor R22.

[0034] The volume control circuit includes transistors Q3 and Q1. The base of transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of transistor Q1 through resistor R3. The emitter of transistor Q3 is connected to the external power supply. The collector of transistor Q3 is connected to the H-bridge driver circuit through current-limiting resistor R6. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the MCU control circuit through resistor R1. The emitter of the MCU control circuit is grounded. In multiple volume control circuits, the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor R6 connected to the H-bridge driver circuit is different.

[0035] The volume control circuit includes a transistor Q13. The base of transistor Q13 is connected to the MCU control circuit through a resistor R18, and the collector is connected to the H-bridge drive circuit through a current-limiting resistor R16. The collector is grounded. In multiple volume control circuits, the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor R16 connected to the H-bridge drive circuit is different.

[0036] The H-bridge driver circuit includes transistors Q7, Q8, Q11, and Q12, where:

[0037] The emitter of transistor Q7 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q8, the emitters of transistor Q11 and transistor Q12 are connected, the collector of transistor Q7 is connected to the collector of transistor Q11, and the collector of transistor Q8 is connected to the collector of transistor Q12.

[0038] The collector of transistor Q7 is connected to the first end of the buzzer speaker, and the base of transistor Q8 is connected to the first end of the buzzer speaker through resistor R11; the collector of transistor Q8 is connected to the other end of the buzzer speaker, and the base of transistor Q7 is connected to the other end of the buzzer speaker through resistor R10.

[0039] The base of transistor Q11 is connected to the first speaker driver through resistor R14, and the base of transistor Q12 is connected to the second speaker driver through resistor R15; both the first and second speaker drivers are connected to the MCU control circuit.

[0040] In this embodiment, the MCU control circuit is preset with voltage ranges corresponding to each volume level of the electronic speaker, as well as volume level adjustment methods when the external power supply voltage range is higher or lower than the voltage range.

[0041] During use, the MCU will pre-set the volume levels of different prompt tones for each volume, corresponding to the switching and combination of different volume control circuits. When executing an action, the volume control circuit will switch between different volumes. Before executing the prompt tone function, the voltage detection circuit will determine the voltage range of the external power supply. When the voltage range exceeds the threshold, the volume will be adjusted appropriately. For example, if the voltage is determined to be higher than the preset voltage, the output current and power of the volume control circuit will be reduced by one level to ensure that the sound emitted by the speaker is maintained within a reasonable range.

[0042] For example, the MCU detects external control signals, which can be one or more level signals or communication signals with protocols. After recognizing the external control signal, the MCU executes the corresponding function. For example, when it is determined that the horn function is to be executed, the MCU controls the bridge drive circuit to generate an electrical signal with a fixed frequency or a variable frequency according to the preset horn sound frequency. The output power is adjusted by the volume control circuit and finally used to drive the piezoelectric ceramic to produce mechanical deformation at the corresponding frequency, thereby driving the air to produce sound.

[0043] This embodiment achieves volume adjustment through the arrangement and combination of multiple volume control circuits. For example, volume control circuit 1 is a smaller current-limiting resistor, and volume control circuit 2 is a larger current-limiting resistor. When the electrical signal from the H-bridge driver circuit reaches the speaker through the smaller current-limiting resistor of volume control circuit 1, the output current increases, the power is higher, and the volume is higher. When the electrical signal from the H-bridge driver circuit passes through the larger current-limiting resistor of volume control circuit 2, the speaker driving current is lower, the power is lower, and the volume is lower. When volume control circuit 1 and volume control circuit 2 are both turned on, due to the parallel effect of the resistors, the total resistance is less than either of the two, resulting in maximum output power and maximum sound volume.

[0044] Of course, the number of volume control circuits is not limited to two; there can be more, and so on, to achieve more combinations, thus enabling the adjustment of more levels of volume.

[0045] For details, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the MCU detects the voltage of the external power supply VCC through a voltage divider circuit formed by resistors R21 and R20; it receives external control signals through resistor R22; when the MCU receives the external control signal, it retrieves the internally preset prompt audio frequency and volume level, and then adjusts the volume level accordingly based on the external voltage detection; it controls the speaker frequency through speaker driver 1 and speaker driver 2 pins; and it switches between different current-limiting resistors through volume control pins 1 and 2.

[0046] Application Solution 1: Positive Volume Control Solution

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, resistor R7 is greater than resistor R6, so R7 = 2 * R6. When only volume control circuit 1 is pulled high, transistor Q1 conducts, pulling down the base voltage of transistor Q3 to make it conduct as well. VCC voltage powers the H-bridge driver circuit via transistor Q3 and resistor R6. When only volume control circuit 2 is pulled high, VCC voltage powers the H-bridge driver circuit via transistor Q4 and resistor R7. According to Ohm's law, the current through resistor R6 is approximately twice that through resistor R7. Therefore, when volume control circuit 1 is working, the speaker power is higher, and the volume is louder. When volume control circuit 2 is working, the speaker power is lower, and the volume is quieter.

[0048] Application Solution 2: Negative Volume Control Solution

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, resistor R17 is greater than resistor R16, so R17 can be 2 * R16. VCC voltage powers the H-bridge driver circuit via resistor R5. When only volume control circuit 1 is pulled high, transistor Q13 conducts, and the negative terminal of the H-bridge driver circuit is connected to the negative terminal through R16 and transistor Q13, forming a loop. R16 acts as a current limiter. When only volume control circuit 2 is pulled high, transistor Q14 conducts, and current flows through the current-limiting resistor R17 and forms a loop with the negative terminal. According to Ohm's law, the current through resistor R16 is approximately twice that through resistor R17. Therefore, when volume control circuit 1 is working, the speaker power is higher, and the volume is louder. When volume control circuit 2 is working, the speaker power is lower, and the volume is quieter.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles, characterized in that: The system includes an MCU control circuit, a voltage detection circuit connected to the MCU control circuit, and multiple volume control circuits. The volume control circuits are connected to a buzzer speaker via an H-bridge driver circuit. The voltage detection circuit is connected to an external power supply and is used to detect the voltage range of the external power supply. The MCU control circuit is used to receive external control signals and the voltage range to control the connection mode of the multiple volume control circuits; The H-bridge drive circuit is used to drive the buzzer speaker to produce sound.

2. The multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU control circuit detects the voltage range of the external power supply through a voltage divider circuit formed by resistors R21 and R20.

3. A multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU control circuit is connected to the device that sends the external control signal via resistor R22.

4. A multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU control circuit is preset with voltage ranges corresponding to each volume level of the electronic speaker, and volume level adjustment methods when the external power supply voltage range is higher or lower than the voltage range.

5. A multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume control circuit includes transistors Q3 and Q1. The base of transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of transistor Q1 through resistor R3. The emitter of transistor Q3 is connected to an external power supply. The collector of transistor Q3 is connected to the H-bridge drive circuit through a current-limiting resistor R6. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the MCU control circuit through resistor R1. The emitter of the MCU control circuit is grounded. In the multiple volume control circuits, the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor R6 connected to the H-bridge drive circuit is different.

6. A multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume control circuit includes a transistor Q13. The base of the transistor Q13 is connected to the MCU control circuit through a resistor R18, and the collector is connected to the H-bridge drive circuit through a current-limiting resistor R16. The collector is grounded. In the multiple volume control circuits, the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor R16 connected to the H-bridge drive circuit is different.

7. A multifunctional electronic horn for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The H-bridge driver circuit includes transistors Q7, Q8, Q11, and Q12, wherein: The emitter of transistor Q7 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q8, the emitters of transistor Q11 and transistor Q12 are connected, the collector of transistor Q7 is connected to the collector of transistor Q11, and the collector of transistor Q8 is connected to the collector of transistor Q12. The collector of transistor Q7 is connected to the first end of the buzzer speaker, and the base of transistor Q8 is connected to the first end of the buzzer speaker through resistor R11; the collector of transistor Q8 is connected to the other end of the buzzer speaker, and the base of transistor Q7 is connected to the other end of the buzzer speaker through resistor R10. The base of transistor Q11 is connected to the first speaker driver through resistor R14, and the base of transistor Q12 is connected to the second speaker driver through resistor R15; both the first speaker driver and the second speaker driver are connected to the MCU control circuit.

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