Internet-of-things sensor device used for power conversion cabinet and power conversion cabinet with Internet-of-things sensor device

Abstract

The utility model provides an Internet of Things sensor device for a battery replacing cabinet and the battery replacing cabinet with the Internet of Things sensor device. The device comprises a battery replacement cabinet sensor integrated board, and the battery replacement cabinet sensor integrated board comprises a microcontroller MCU, a power supply module, a 485 communication module, a 4G module, a water sensor module, a battery voltage detection module, a temperature and humidity sensor module and a temperature sensor module. The microcontroller MCU is connected with the power supply module, the 485 communication module, the 4G module, the water sensor module, the battery voltage detection module, the temperature and humidity sensor module and the temperature sensor module. Centralized sensor management is achieved, design is compact, and circuit connection is simplified. The 4G module is adopted to transmit data to the cloud server, so that the data of the power conversion cabinet can be remotely checked, a GPS positioning mode is combined, the position of the power conversion cabinet can be accurately positioned, the state of the power conversion cabinet does not need to be checked on site, the position of the power conversion cabinet needing to be checked can be selected at the cloud, the efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery swapping equipment technology, and more particularly to an Internet of Things sensor device for battery swapping cabinets and a battery swapping cabinet having the same. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electric vehicle battery swapping cabinets widely use various sensors to monitor the internal environment. However, existing battery swapping cabinet sensors typically suffer from low integration, large size, complex connections, and low data integration. These problems increase system costs and maintenance difficulty. Furthermore, existing sensors may not accurately reflect the actual status of the battery swapping cabinet in real time, affecting the efficiency and safety of cabinet management. The sensor integration boards in existing battery swapping cabinets are usually distributed, leading to signal transmission delays and increased circuit complexity. Interference and errors between sensors can affect data accuracy, and existing sensors often lack a unified integration design, making centralized monitoring and data processing difficult, thus reducing the overall system performance and reliability. Currently, battery swapping cabinet sensor data can only be queried locally within the cabinet, lacking unified management; the troubleshooting efficiency of current battery swapping cabinets is low, lacking location functionality, requiring on-site troubleshooting, and incurring high labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an IoT sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet and a battery swapping cabinet having the same, to at least solve one problem in the related art. The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet. The device includes a battery swapping cabinet sensor integrated board, which includes a microcontroller (MCU), a power module, a 485 communication module, a 4G module, a water immersion sensor module, a battery voltage detection module, a temperature and humidity sensor module, and a temperature sensor module. The microcontroller (MCU) is connected to the power module, the 485 communication module, the 4G module, the water immersion sensor module, the battery voltage detection module, the temperature and humidity sensor module, and the temperature sensor module.

[0005] In some implementations, the 4G module includes a wireless communication chip U35, a SIM card slot U36, a 4G antenna, and a GPS antenna. The wireless communication chip U35 supports positioning functionality, and the SIM card slot U36, the 4G antenna, and the GPS antenna are all connected to the wireless communication chip U35.

[0006] In some implementations, the wireless communication chip U35 uses the Air780eg chip. Pins 17 and 18 of the wireless communication chip U35 are serial ports for receiving and transmitting. Pins 59, 60, and 61 of the wireless communication chip U35 are connected to a USB interface. Pins 11, 12, 13, and 14 of the wireless communication chip U35 are connected to the SIM card slot. The wireless communication chip U35 is connected to the 4G antenna via pins 34 and 35 to connect to the cloud server. Pins 1 and 2 of the wireless communication chip U35 are connected to a GPS antenna to realize the positioning function of the battery swapping cabinet.

[0007] In some implementations, the device further includes two indicator light circuits, each including a transistor and a light-emitting diode. The collector of the transistor is connected to the light-emitting diode through a resistor, the emitter of the transistor is grounded, and the base of the transistor is connected to the 4G module and ground through two resistors respectively.

[0008] In some implementations, the 485 communication module includes a 485 chip U22. The VCC pin of the 485 chip U22 is connected to a +3.3V power supply, and the VCC pin is grounded through a 10uF capacitor C63 and a 100nF capacitor C64 connected in parallel. The GND pin of the 485 chip U22 is grounded. The receive output pin RO of the 485 chip U22 is connected to the input pin of the microcontroller MCU. The drive enable pin DE and the receive enable pin RE of the 485 chip U22 are connected and connected to the microcontroller MCU. The drive input pin DI of the 485 chip U22 is connected to the output pin of the microcontroller MCU. The two differential data lines A and B of the 485 chip U22 are connected to an external RS-485 bus through a header CN17. Differential data line A is pulled up through a resistor R134, and differential data line B is pulled down through a resistor R72.

[0009] In some implementations, the water immersion sensor module includes an interface CN15 for connecting the water immersion sensor, a TVS diode D1, a resistor R132, and a capacitor C86. Pin 2 of the interface CN15 is connected to the microcontroller MCU through the TVS diode D1. The cathode of the TVS diode D1 is grounded through the resistor R132 and the capacitor C86, respectively. Pin 1 of the interface CN15 is connected to VSYS.

[0010] In some implementations, the battery voltage detection module includes resistor R144, resistor R30, capacitor C84, and a battery interface for connecting the battery. Pin 2 of the battery interface is connected to pin BATTERY of the power module through resistor R144, and pin BATTERY is grounded through resistor R30 and capacitor C84.

[0011] In some implementations, the temperature sensor module includes a temperature sensor interface, which is an NTC interface; the temperature and humidity sensor module includes a temperature and humidity sensor interface, which is a four-pin interface.

[0012] In some implementations, the power module includes a linear regulator U38 and its peripheral circuitry for converting 5V to 3.3V. The linear regulator U38 is model SGM2019-3.3YN5G / TR.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery swapping cabinet, including: the IoT sensor device for the battery swapping cabinet described in the first aspect.

[0014] The technical solution provided in this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This system integrates a microcontroller (MCU), power supply module, RS-485 communication module, 4G module, water immersion sensor module, battery voltage detection module, temperature and humidity sensor module, and temperature sensor module onto a single board for centralized sensor management. The compact design simplifies circuit connections. Optimized circuit layout and advanced integration technology significantly reduce the device's size and simplify assembly and disassembly, while improving data acquisition accuracy and operational reliability. The integrated board supports multi-channel data transmission and features strong anti-interference performance and low power consumption. The 4G module transmits data to a cloud server, enabling remote viewing of the battery swapping cabinet data. Combined with GPS positioning, it accurately locates the cabinets, reducing manpower costs and eliminating the need for on-site checks. Users can select the desired cabinet location from the cloud, improving efficiency and reducing labor costs. Real-time monitoring and centralized management are supported, accurately reflecting the actual status of the battery swapping cabinets in real time, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of their use. This solution achieves multi-dimensional environmental monitoring by setting up multiple detection modules. It also integrates and stores the detection data in the cloud, uses RS485 communication for data transmission, has strong adaptability, and can better be compatible with other devices. It saves resources, is easy to manage and maintain, and has good market application value.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application, and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0018] Figure 1This is a block diagram illustrating an IoT sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet, as shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the main chip circuit containing a microcontroller, as shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram illustrating an external sensor circuit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a 4G module shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of an indicator light circuit shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a 485 communication module shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of a power module shown in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0026] In the following description, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] Furthermore, in this application, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the components shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" shall be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet according to an exemplary embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 1The IoT sensor device for the battery swapping cabinet includes a battery swapping cabinet sensor integrated board, which includes: a microcontroller (MCU), a power module, a 485 communication module, a 4G module, a water immersion sensor module, a battery voltage detection module, a temperature and humidity sensor module, and a temperature sensor module. The microcontroller (MCU) is connected to the power module, the 485 communication module, the 4G module, the water immersion sensor module, the battery voltage detection module, the temperature and humidity sensor module, and the temperature sensor module.

[0030] This embodiment integrates a microcontroller (MCU), a power module, a 485 communication module, a 4G module, a water immersion sensor module, a battery voltage detection module, a temperature and humidity sensor module, and a temperature sensor module onto a single board. Data is collected by the sensors and transmitted to the MCU. The MCU analyzes and converts the data, outputs the data externally through the 485 communication module or serial port, uploads the data to the cloud server through the 4G module, and locates the battery swapping cabinet using GPS positioning.

[0031] In some embodiments, the microcontroller MCU is selected as the AIR32F103RPT6 chip, which is used to receive sensor data received by the water immersion sensor module, the battery voltage detection module, the temperature and humidity sensor module, and the temperature sensor module, and transmit the processed data to other communication boards.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, a crystal oscillator is connected between pins 5 and 6 of the microcontroller (MCU), and pins 5 and 6 of the MCU are grounded through capacitors C56 and C57 respectively, forming a clock circuit; pin 7 of the MCU is connected to the reset circuit; pins 1, 32, 48, and 64 of the MCU are connected to a 3.3V power supply; pins 51, 52, and 53 of the MCU are connected to the input pins of the 485 communication module; and pins 46 and 49 of the MCU are connected to the download port.

[0033] The water immersion sensor module, battery voltage detection module, temperature and humidity sensor module, and temperature sensor module are all sensor interface modules used to connect to the corresponding sensors.

[0034] like Figure 3As shown, the water immersion sensor module includes an interface CN15, diode D1, resistor R132, and capacitor C86 for connecting the water immersion sensor. Pin 2 of interface CN15 is connected to the microcontroller MCU via TVS diode D1. The cathode of TVS diode D1 is grounded through resistor R132 and capacitor C86. Pin 1 of interface CN15 is connected to VSYS. The power supply of the water immersion sensor module is connected to a +5V power supply. The CN15 interface is connected to the circuit, and the output signal is filtered by TVS diode D1 and capacitor C86, and then pulled down by resistor R132 to connect to ADC123_IN10, which is connected to pin 8 of the MCU for signal reading. The water immersion sensor module uses a single-wire communication sensor to detect whether the battery swapping cabinet has been flooded and transmits the water immersion signal to the microcontroller MCU.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the battery voltage detection module includes resistor R144, resistor R30, capacitor C84, and a battery interface for connecting the battery. Pin 2 of the battery interface is connected to pin BATTERY of the power module through resistor R144. Pin BATTERY is grounded through resistor R30 and capacitor C84 respectively. The battery voltage is detected by voltage division through R144 and R30, and filtered by parallel connection of C84. The battery voltage detection module is used to detect the battery voltage.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the temperature and humidity sensor module includes a temperature and humidity sensor interface, which is a four-pin interface with +5V, GND, and SDA (data line) pins. This interface transmits data to pin 58 of the MCU for signal reading. The temperature and humidity sensor uses an AM2301B external sensor and employs single-wire communication. It detects temperature and humidity data and converts this data into electrical signals for transmission to the microcontroller (MCU).

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the temperature sensor module includes a temperature sensor interface. Pin 2 of the temperature sensor interface is connected to the power supply, and pin 1 of the temperature sensor interface is connected to the microcontroller (MCU) and grounded through a resistor. The temperature sensor interface uses an NTC interface, and each compartment has an external thermistor sensor connected to it to transmit the single-compartment temperature signal to the microcontroller (MCU). The temperature sensor module is used to detect the temperature of a single compartment and uses an NTC interface to connect an external thermistor sensor.

[0038] In some embodiments, the 4G module includes a wireless communication chip U35, a SIM card slot U36, a 4G antenna, and a GPS antenna. The wireless communication chip U35 supports positioning functionality, and the SIM card slot U36, the 4G antenna, and the GPS antenna are all connected to the wireless communication chip U35.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the wireless communication chip U35 uses the Air780eg chip. This chip is an LTE Cat 1+GNSSS positioning and wireless communication module designed based on the EC618 platform of Yixin Technology. It supports 4G long-distance wireless transmission technology and Beidou / GPS dual-mode satellite positioning. Utilizing its GPS and 4G communication functions, it meets the positioning requirements of the battery swapping cabinet and can upload the collected data to the cloud server. Figure 6 As shown, pins 17 and 18 of the Air780eg chip are serial ports for receiving and transmitting data, while pins 59, 60, and 61 connect to a USB interface, which can be used for AT command transmission, data transfer, software debugging, and software upgrades. U36 is the SIM card slot, which connects to pins 11, 12, 13, and 14 of the Air780eg chip. The Air780eg chip connects to a 4G antenna via pins 34 and 35, thus enabling 4G communication and connection to the cloud server. Pins 1 and 2 of the Air780eg chip connect to a GPS antenna, enabling the battery swapping cabinet's positioning function.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the device also includes two indicator light circuits, each comprising a transistor and an LED. The collector of the transistor is connected to the LED via a resistor, the emitter of the transistor is grounded, and the base of the transistor is connected to the 4G module and ground via two resistors, respectively. The two indicator light circuits are connected to the STATUS port (pin 25) and NET_STATUS port (pin 16) of the 4G module, respectively. The LEDs are controlled to turn on or off by detecting the voltage levels of the STATUS port (pin 25) and NET_STATUS port (pin 16). This is used to display the working status of the network pins and the module's operating status after the 4G module is powered on. Specifically, the STATUS port outputs a high level 400ms after power-on, at which time the transistor in the indicator light circuit conducts, and the LED lights up, indicating that the 4G module is operating. The NET_STATUS port indicates the working status of the network pins. Similarly, the LED is controlled to turn on and off by changing the high and low levels. Specifically, 0.2 seconds on and 1.8 seconds off indicates the network search state; 1.8 seconds on and 0.2 seconds off indicates the standby state; and 0.125 seconds on and 0.125 seconds off indicates the data transmission state.

[0041] like Figure 6As shown, the 485 communication module, also known as a 485 transceiver, includes a 485 chip U22. The VCC pin of the 485 chip U22 is connected to a +3.3V power supply. The VCC pin is grounded through a parallel connection of a 10uF capacitor C63 and a 100nF capacitor C64. The GND pin is grounded. The receive output pin RO is connected to the input pin of the microcontroller MCU. The drive enable pin DE and the receive enable pin RE are connected to the microcontroller MCU and controlled by the microcontroller MCU (labeled RS485_DE). _NRE (connected to PC12) is used to control whether the transceiver is in transmit or receive mode; the drive input pin DI is connected to the output pin of the microcontroller (marked as RX2, connected to PC11); the two differential data lines A and B are connected to the external RS-485 bus through the header CN17, wherein differential data line A is pulled up by a 10kΩ resistor R134 and differential data line B is pulled down by a 10kΩ resistor R72 to ensure that the 485 transceiver outputs a high level when the bus is idle or open.

[0042] Optionally, the 485 chip U22 is model SP3485EEN, which serves as the external communication interface. The 485 chip U22 connects to the SP3485EEN's VCC pin via a +3.3V power supply. A 10uF (C63) and a 100nF (C64) capacitor are connected between VCC and GND to filter power supply noise and ensure power stability. The RO (Receive Output) pin is connected to the microcontroller's input pin (labeled TX2, connected to PC10). The DE (Drive Enable) and / RE (Receive Enable) pins are connected and controlled by the microcontroller (MCU) (labeled RS485_DE_NRE, connected to PC12) to control whether the transceiver is in transmit or receive mode. The DI (Drive Input) pin is connected to the microcontroller's output pin (labeled RX2, connected to PC11). A (485A) and B (485B) are differential data lines for RS-485 communication. These two lines are connected to the external RS-485 bus via the CN17 header on the right. A is pulled up by a 10kΩ resistor, and B is pulled down by a 10kΩ resistor. The transceiver outputs a high level when the bus is idle or open. A 120Ω resistor R133 is connected between A and B for impedance matching. SMBJ6.5CA (U25, U27, U28) are bidirectional TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) diodes, connected across the A / B data lines and ground respectively, to protect the circuit from voltage spikes or surges on the RS-485 bus.

[0043] like Figure 7As shown, the power module includes a linear regulator U38 and its peripheral circuitry, used to convert 5V to 3.3V, suitable for MCU power supply, external sensor power supply, and 4G module chip power supply. Optionally, the linear regulator U38 is model SGM2019-3.3YN5G / TR. During operation: 5V DC power is applied, and after step-down conversion, it becomes 3.3V to power the entire device.

[0044] The IoT sensor device for battery swapping cabinets in this application integrates a microcontroller (MCU), power module, RS-485 communication module, 4G module, water immersion sensor module, battery voltage detection module, temperature and humidity sensor module, and temperature sensor module onto a single board for centralized sensor management. This compact design simplifies circuit connections. Furthermore, by optimizing circuit layout and employing advanced integration technology, the device's size is significantly reduced, and assembly and disassembly are simplified, while simultaneously improving data acquisition accuracy and operational reliability. The integrated board supports multi-channel data transmission and features strong anti-interference performance and low power consumption. This addresses the problems of low integration, large size, and complex connections commonly found in existing battery swapping cabinet sensors. Improved circuit design and integration technology effectively reduce circuit board size and cost, while simultaneously improving data accuracy, system reliability, and simplifying troubleshooting. The use of a 4G module transmits data to a cloud server, enabling remote viewing of battery swapping cabinet data. Combined with GPS positioning, the device accurately locates the battery swapping cabinet, reducing manpower costs and eliminating the need for on-site checks. Users can select the desired battery swapping cabinet location from the cloud, improving efficiency and reducing labor costs. This application device is easy to expand and maintain, and is suitable for various intelligent device cabinets, especially electric vehicle battery swapping cabinets and other application scenarios. This solution achieves multi-dimensional environmental monitoring by setting up multiple detection modules, while integrating and storing the detection data in the cloud. It uses RS-485 communication for data transmission, offering strong adaptability and better compatibility with other devices. It saves resources, is easy to manage and maintain, and has good market application value.

[0045] This application also provides a battery swapping cabinet, including: the Internet of Things sensor device for battery swapping cabinets described in any of the above embodiments.

[0046] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only.

[0047] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An Internet of Things (IoT) sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet, characterized in that, The device includes a battery swapping cabinet sensor integrated board, which includes a microcontroller (MCU), a power module, a 485 communication module, a 4G module, a water immersion sensor module, a battery voltage detection module, a temperature and humidity sensor module, and a temperature sensor module. The microcontroller (MCU) is connected to the power module, the 485 communication module, the 4G module, the water immersion sensor module, the battery voltage detection module, the temperature and humidity sensor module, and the temperature sensor module. The 4G module includes a wireless communication chip U35, a SIM card slot U36, a 4G antenna, and a GPS antenna. The wireless communication chip U35 supports positioning functionality, and the SIM card slot U36, the 4G antenna, and the GPS antenna are all connected to the wireless communication chip U35.

2. The IoT sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless communication chip U35 uses the Air780eg chip. Pins 17 and 18 of the wireless communication chip U35 are serial ports for receiving and transmitting. Pins 59, 60, and 61 of the wireless communication chip U35 are connected to the USB interface. Pins 11, 12, 13, and 14 of the wireless communication chip U35 are connected to the SIM card slot. The wireless communication chip U35 is connected to the 4G antenna through pins 34 and 35 to connect to the cloud server. Pins 1 and 2 of the wireless communication chip U35 are connected to the GPS antenna to realize the positioning function of the battery swapping cabinet.

3. The IoT sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes two indicator light circuits, each comprising a transistor and a light-emitting diode. The collector of the transistor is connected to the light-emitting diode via a resistor, the emitter of the transistor is grounded, and the base of the transistor is connected to the 4G module and ground via two resistors respectively.

4. The IoT sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 485 communication module includes a 485 chip U22. The VCC pin of the 485 chip U22 is connected to a +3.3V power supply and is grounded through a 10uF capacitor C63 and a 100nF capacitor C64 connected in parallel. The GND pin of the 485 chip U22 is grounded. The receive output pin RO of the 485 chip U22 is connected to the input pin of the microcontroller MCU. The drive enable pin DE and the receive enable pin RE of the 485 chip U22 are connected and connected to the microcontroller MCU. The drive input pin DI of the 485 chip U22 is connected to the output pin of the microcontroller MCU. The two differential data lines A and B of the 485 chip U22 are connected to an external RS-485 bus through a header CN17. Differential data line A is pulled up through a resistor R134, and differential data line B is pulled down through a resistor R72.

5. The IoT sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water immersion sensor module includes an interface CN15, a TVS diode D1, a resistor R132, and a capacitor C86 for connecting the water immersion sensor. Pin 2 of the interface CN15 is connected to the microcontroller MCU through the TVS diode D1. The cathode of the TVS diode D1 is grounded through the resistor R132 and the capacitor C86. Pin 1 of the interface CN15 is connected to VSYS.

6. The IoT sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery voltage detection module includes resistor R144, resistor R30, capacitor C84, and a battery interface for connecting the battery. Pin 2 of the battery interface is connected to pin BATTERY of the power module through resistor R144. Pin BATTERY is grounded through resistor R30 and capacitor C84.

7. The IoT sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensor module includes a temperature sensor interface, which is an NTC interface; the temperature and humidity sensor module includes a temperature and humidity sensor interface, which is a four-pin interface.

8. The IoT sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module includes a linear regulator U38 and its peripheral circuitry, used to convert 5V to 3.3V. The linear regulator U38 is model SGM2019-3.3YN5G / TR.

9. A battery swapping cabinet, comprising: The Internet of Things sensor device for a battery swapping cabinet as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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