Reamer with adjustable cutting diameter

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable cutting diameter type reamer, which comprises a reamer rod, a blade, a cylindrical convex part and a screw, the end part of the reamer rod is provided with an end surface, the cylindrical convex part is arranged in the center of the end surface and is coaxial with the reamer rod, and the blade is arranged on the end surface through the screw, can axially rotate along the screw and is propped against the cylindrical convex part for limiting. The cutting part on the blade extends out of the end face, and the cutting diameter is adjusted by replacing the cylindrical convex parts with different diameters. The reamer is further provided with an annular boss, a fastening screw, an elastic check ring, a limiting pin, a chip pocket, a cooling water hole and other structures, the stability of the reamer can be improved, the service life is prolonged, the cost is reduced, the machining precision and flexibility are improved, the reamer is suitable for machining requirements of various hole diameters, and the problem caused by the fixed cutting diameter of a traditional reamer is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining tools, specifically to an adjustable cutting diameter reamer. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, reamers are commonly used tools for reaming drilled workpieces to improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the holes. Traditional reamers typically have a fixed cutting diameter. When faced with the demand for high-precision hole machining, factors such as thermal expansion and contraction, material elastic deformation, and machine tool spindle runout often lead to deviations in the machined hole diameter, rendering the tool unusable. This not only increases the procurement cost of the tools and the difficulty of inventory management, but also, serious quality defects during machining can lead to production stoppages.

[0003] Therefore, the above problems urgently need to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of the utility model: To overcome the above shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an adjustable cutting diameter reamer, aiming to solve the problems of fixed cutting diameter in traditional reamers, which leads to diverse tool specifications, high costs, and low production efficiency. By designing a reamer structure that allows for easy adjustment of the cutting diameter, simply replacing the cylindrical protrusions of different diameters can change the length of the cutting end face of the insert, thereby enabling the machining of different hole diameters, reducing the types of tools, lowering costs, and improving flexibility and production efficiency in the machining process.

[0005] Technical Solution: This utility model provides an adjustable cutting diameter reamer, including a reamer shank, a set of blades, a cylindrical protrusion, a screw, and a threaded hole. The reamer shank has an end face. The cylindrical protrusion is detachably mounted on the center of the end face and coaxial with the reamer shank. The threaded hole is located on the end face. The blade is detachably mounted in the threaded hole by the screw. The axis of the mounting hole of the blade and the axis of the threaded hole are eccentrically set. The blade can rotate along the screw axis and abut against and be limited by the cylindrical protrusion. The blade has a cutting part that extends out of the end face. By replacing the cylindrical protrusion with different diameters, the length of the cutting part extending out of the end face can be adjusted. By replacing the cylindrical protrusion with different diameters, the length of the cutting part extending out of the reamer shank end face can be changed, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the cutting diameter of the reamer to adapt to different processing requirements. Furthermore, the blade is detachably mounted on the end face by the screw and can rotate along the screw axis and be abutted and limited by the cylindrical protrusion. This structure not only facilitates the installation and replacement of the blade but also provides the necessary conditions for adjusting the cutting diameter.

[0006] Furthermore, in this application, an adjustable cutting diameter reamer has an open cavity at the end of the reamer shank along its axis. The cylindrical protrusion includes an annular boss and a fastening screw. The annular boss is divided into an inner ring segment and an outer ring segment, with the outer ring segment having a larger diameter than the inner ring segment. The inner ring segment, located within the open cavity, is barrel-shaped and has a circular opening at its bottom. The fastening screw passes through the circular opening and is threadedly connected to the reamer shank. The outer ring segment is located on the end face. By placing the inner ring segment of the annular boss within the open cavity and threading it to the reamer shank through the circular opening at the bottom of the inner ring segment, the annular boss is stably fixed at the end of the reamer shank. Simultaneously, the outer ring segment on the end face can effectively engage with the cutting insert, providing a precise limiting reference for the insert, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the cutting diameter adjustment.

[0007] Furthermore, in an adjustable cutting diameter reamer of this application, the cylindrical protrusion further includes an elastic retaining ring. An annular groove is provided on the inner side of the outer ring segment, and the elastic retaining ring is engaged in the annular groove to limit the fastening screw. The elastic retaining ring, engaged in the annular groove on the inner side of the outer ring segment of the annular protrusion, primarily functions to limit the fastening screw. During the reamer's operation, it prevents the fastening screw from loosening or dislodging due to vibration, cutting force, or other factors, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the cylindrical protrusion and the reamer shank and maintaining the accuracy and reliability of the adjusted cutting diameter. When replacing the annular protrusion, the fastening screw is rotated counterclockwise until it contacts the elastic retaining ring, and then continues to rotate until the annular protrusion is separated from the opening cavity for replacement.

[0008] Furthermore, in this application, an adjustable cutting diameter reamer includes a limiting pin and a limiting hole on its end face. The limiting pin is fixed in the limiting hole by an interference fit. The cutting blade is positioned between the limiting pin and the annular boss, and they abut against each other for positioning. The limiting pin, fixed in the limiting hole by an interference fit, works together with the annular boss to firmly confine the cutting blade between them. This ensures that during the reamer's operation, the cutting blade is effectively restricted in the axial direction, preventing unnecessary movement along the screw axis, and maintains an accurate position in the radial direction, ensuring a stable abutment relationship with the cylindrical boss. This precisely maintains the length of the cutting portion extending from the end face, guaranteeing the accuracy of the cutting diameter.

[0009] Furthermore, in this application, an adjustable cutting diameter reamer includes a mounting hole at the center of the insert comprising a screw through hole and a screw countersunk hole. The diameter of the screw countersunk hole is larger than the diameter of the screw through hole. The screw countersunk hole is located away from the end face of the screw through hole. A force-bearing surface is provided at the junction of the screw through hole and the screw countersunk hole. The axis of the threaded hole is eccentrically positioned with respect to the axis of the screw through hole. When the screw is screwed into the reamer shank, the screw generates a tightening force that secures the insert to the reamer shank. The screw head acts on the force-bearing surface. When the screw is tightened, the eccentric positioning causes the screw to exert a lateral pressure on the insert during the tightening process. This lateral pressure, combined with the vertical pressure, increases the clamping force between the insert and the reamer shank, making the insert more stable and less prone to loosening during machining.

[0010] Furthermore, this application discloses an adjustable cutting diameter reamer, wherein the cutting section includes a first cutting section, a second cutting section, and a third cutting section. Each cutting section is arranged at 120-degree angular intervals around the center of the insert, forming a rotationally symmetrical structure. A first side surface is formed between the first and second cutting sections, and a second side surface is formed between the second and third cutting sections. The first side surface abuts against the side surface of the annular boss, and the second side surface abuts against the limiting pin. The abutment of the first side surface between the first and second cutting sections with the side surface of the annular boss, and the abutment of the second side surface between the second and third cutting sections with the limiting pin, respectively, further precisely defines the radial position of the insert, ensuring that the insert does not move radially during cutting, thereby maintaining the accurate length of the cutting section extending beyond the end face and ensuring the consistency of the cutting diameter. When one cutting section wears out, it can be switched to another cutting section for continued use, greatly extending the overall service life of the tool, reducing the cost of frequent tool replacements, and allowing for individual insert replacement without replacing the entire reamer shank, further reducing operating costs.

[0011] Furthermore, in an adjustable cutting diameter reamer of this application, the radial side of the reamer shank is provided with multiple chip grooves at unequal angles, and each chip groove is provided with a cooling water hole. The chip grooves provide space for the chips during the reamer's cutting process, facilitating timely chip discharge and preventing chip accumulation around the reamer from affecting the cutting operation. The cooling water holes allow cooling water to be delivered to the cutting area during reamer operation, thereby cooling the cutting part, reducing the cutting temperature, and preventing the tool from overheating.

[0012] Furthermore, in this application, an adjustable cutting diameter reamer includes a main cutting edge and a secondary cutting edge in its first, second, and third cutting sections. The main cutting edge has a rake face on its counter-clockwise side and a first flank face on its side away from the rake face. The rake face engages with the chip groove. The secondary cutting edge has a second flank face on its side located on the first flank face, and the side of the insert away from the secondary cutting edge abuts against the end face. The insert's design, with its main and secondary cutting edges, clearly defines the working parts for cutting, enabling precise machining of the workpiece. The rake face engaging with the chip groove effectively removes chips, reducing their impact on the machined surface and further improving machining accuracy.

[0013] Furthermore, in an adjustable cutting diameter reamer of this application, the end of the reamer bar away from the cutting blade is provided with an external connection mechanism, which is connected to the machine tool spindle.

[0014] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The adjustable cutting diameter reamer of this utility model effectively solves the problem of fixed cutting diameter in traditional reamers by adopting a design that allows for the replacement of cylindrical protrusions of different diameters. Simply by replacing the cylindrical protrusion, the length of the cutting section extending beyond the end face can be easily adjusted, thereby enabling the machining of different hole diameters. This design greatly reduces the variety of tool specifications, lowers tool procurement costs, and reduces inventory management difficulties. When faced with diverse machining tasks, there is no need to frequently purchase new fixed-diameter reamers, improving flexibility in the machining process and significantly increasing production efficiency.

[0016] 2. The adjustable cutting diameter reamer of this utility model, through the eccentric arrangement of the screw through hole at the center of the insert and the threaded hole on the end face, provides not only a vertical clamping force when the screw is tightened, but also generates lateral pressure, increasing the clamping force between the insert and the reamer shank. This makes the insert more stable during machining, less prone to loosening due to cutting forces and other factors, improves tool reliability, reduces tool damage and machining quality problems caused by insert loosening, extends tool life, and reduces maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a first-view schematic diagram of an adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of an adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable cutting diameter reamer annular boss and elastic retaining ring structure according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This utility model relates to an adjustable cutting diameter reamer insert and its cross-sectional view.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a second-view schematic diagram of an adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of region A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable cutting diameter reamer blade according to the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1-Reamer bar, 11-End face, 12-Open cavity, 13-Limit pin, 14-Limit hole, 15-Threaded hole, 16-Chip groove, 17-Cooling water hole, 18-External connection mechanism, 2-Insert tool, 20-Cutting part, 21-Screw through hole, 22-Screw countersunk hole, 23-Force-bearing surface, 24-First cutting part, 241-First side surface, 242-Main cutting edge, 243-Secondary cutting edge, 244-Rake face, 245-First flank face, 246-Second flank face, 25-Second cutting part, 251-Second side surface, 26-Third cutting part, 3-Cylindrical protrusion, 31-Annular boss, 311-Inner ring section, 3111-Circular opening, 312-Outer ring section, 3121-Annular groove, 32-Fasting screw, 33-Elastic retaining ring, 4-Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1An adjustable cutting diameter reamer is shown, comprising a reamer rod 1, six blades 2, a cylindrical protrusion 3, a screw 4, and a threaded hole 15. The reamer rod 1 has an end face 11 at its end. The cylindrical protrusion 3 is detachably mounted in the center of the end face 11 and is coaxial with the reamer rod 1. The threaded hole 15 is provided on the end face 11. The blades 2 are detachably mounted in the threaded hole 15 by the screw 4. The axis of the mounting hole of the blade 2 is eccentrically set with the axis of the threaded hole 15. The blade 2 can rotate axially along the screw 4 and abut against and limit the cylindrical protrusion 3. The blade 2 is provided with a cutting part 20, which extends out of the end face 11. By replacing the cylindrical protrusion 3 with different diameters, the length of the cutting part 20 extending out of the end face 11 can be adjusted. By replacing the cylindrical protrusions 3 with different diameters, the length of the cutting part 20 on the blade 2 extending out of the end face 11 of the reamer rod 1 can be changed, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the cutting diameter of the reamer to adapt to different processing requirements. Furthermore, the blade 2 can be detachably mounted on the end face 11 by screws 4 and can rotate axially along the screws 4 and be stopped by the cylindrical protrusions 3. This structure not only facilitates the installation and replacement of the blade 2, but also provides the conditions for adjusting the cutting diameter.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the end of the reamer rod 1 has an open cavity 12 extending inward along its axis. The cylindrical protrusion 3 includes an annular boss 31 and a fastening screw 32. The annular boss 31 is divided into an inner ring section 311 and an outer ring section 312. The diameter of the outer ring section 312 is larger than the diameter of the inner ring section 311. The inner ring section 311 is located in the open cavity 12, is barrel-shaped, and has a circular opening 3111 at the bottom. The fastening screw 32 passes through the circular opening 3111 and is threadedly connected to the reamer rod 1. The outer ring section 312 is located on the end face 11. By placing the inner ring section 311 of the annular boss 31 in the open cavity 12 and threading the fastening screw 32 through the circular opening 3111 at the bottom of the inner ring section 311 to the reamer rod 1, the annular boss 31 is stably fixed at the end of the reamer rod 1. Meanwhile, the outer ring section 312 can effectively cooperate with the blade 2 on the end face 11, providing a precise limiting reference for the blade 2, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the cutting diameter adjustment.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, the cylindrical protrusion 3 also includes an elastic retaining ring 33. An annular groove 3121 is provided on the inner ring side of the outer ring segment 312. The elastic retaining ring 33 is engaged in the annular groove 3121 to limit the movement of the fastening screw 32. The elastic retaining ring 33 is engaged in the annular groove 3121 on the inner ring side of the outer ring segment 312 of the annular boss 31, and its main function is to limit the movement of the fastening screw 32. When replacing the annular boss 31, the fastening screw 32 rotates counterclockwise, contacts the elastic retaining ring 33, and continues to rotate until the annular boss 31 is separated from the opening cavity 12 for replacement.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the end face 11 is also provided with a limiting pin 13 and a limiting hole 14. The limiting pin 13 is fixed in the limiting hole 14 by an interference fit. The blade 2 is disposed between the limiting pin 13 and the annular boss 31, and they abut against each other for limitation. The limiting pin 13 is fixed in the limiting hole 14 by an interference fit, and together with the annular boss 31, it steadily limits the blade 2 between the two. This ensures that during the operation of the reamer, the blade 2 can be effectively limited in the axial direction to prevent unnecessary movement along the screw 4 axis, and can also maintain an accurate position in the radial direction, ensuring a stable abutment and limiting relationship between it and the cylindrical protrusion 3. This accurately maintains the length of the cutting part 20 extending out of the end face 11, ensuring the accuracy of the cutting diameter.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the mounting hole at the center of the blade 2 includes a screw through hole 21 and a screw countersunk hole 22. The diameter of the screw countersunk hole 22 is larger than the diameter of the screw through hole 21. The screw countersunk hole 22 is located in the direction away from the end face 11 of the screw through hole 21. A force-bearing surface 23 is provided at the junction of the screw through hole 21 and the screw countersunk hole 22. A threaded hole 15 corresponding to the screw 4 is provided on the end face 11. The axis of the threaded hole 15 is eccentrically set with respect to the axis of the screw through hole 21. When the screw 4 is screwed into the reamer 1, the screw 4 generates a tightening force to fasten the blade 2 to the reamer 1. The head of the screw 4 acts on the force-bearing surface 23. When the screw 4 is tightened, the eccentric setting causes the screw 4 to generate a lateral pressure on the blade 2 during the tightening process. This lateral pressure, combined with the vertical pressure, increases the clamping force between the blade 2 and the reamer 1, making the blade 2 more stable and less prone to loosening during processing.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 7As shown, the cutting section 20 includes a first cutting section 24, a second cutting section 25, and a third cutting section 26. Each cutting section is arranged at 120-degree intervals around the center of the blade 2, forming a rotationally symmetrical structure. A first side surface 241 is formed between the first cutting section 24 and the second cutting section 25, and a second side surface 251 is formed between the second cutting section 25 and the third cutting section 26. The first side surface 241 abuts against the side of the annular boss 31, and the second side surface 251 abuts against the limiting pin 13. The first side surface 241 between the first cutting section 24 and the second cutting section 25 abuts against the side of the annular boss 31, and the second side surface 251 between the second cutting section 25 and the third cutting section 26 abuts against the limiting pin 13. Through the abutting cooperation of these two sides with the annular boss 31 and the limiting pin 13 respectively, the position of the blade 2 in the radial direction is further precisely defined, ensuring that the blade 2 will not move radially during the cutting process, thereby maintaining the accurate length of the cutting section 20 extending from the end face 11 and ensuring the consistency of the cutting diameter. When one cutting part wears out, it can be switched to another cutting part for continued use, which greatly extends the overall service life of the tool, reduces the cost of frequent tool replacement, and allows for individual replacement of the insert 2 without replacing the entire reamer bar 1, thus reducing operating costs.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the radial side of the reamer shank 1 is provided with six arc-shaped chip grooves 16 at unequal angles, and cooling water holes 17 are provided on the chip grooves 16. The chip grooves 16 can provide space for chips during the reamer cutting process, which facilitates the timely discharge of chips and avoids the accumulation of chips around the reamer, which affects the cutting operation. The cooling water holes 17 allow cooling water to be delivered to the cutting area through these cooling water holes 17 when the reamer is working, thereby cooling the cutting part, reducing the cutting temperature, and preventing the tool from overheating.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, the first cutting section 24, the second cutting section 25, and the third cutting section 26 each include a main cutting edge 242 and a secondary cutting edge 243. The main cutting edge 242 has a rake face 244 on one side in the counter-clockwise direction and a first flank face 245 on the side away from the rake face 244. The rake face 244 cooperates with the chip groove 16. The secondary cutting edge 243 has a second flank face 246 on the side located on the first flank face 245. The side of the insert 2 away from the secondary cutting edge 243 abuts against the end face 11. The insert 2 is provided with a main cutting edge 242 and a secondary cutting edge 243, and the structural design of the main cutting edge 242 and the secondary cutting edge 243 clearly defines the working parts of the cutting process, achieving precise machining of the workpiece. The rake face 244, in cooperation with the chip groove 16, can effectively discharge chips, reduce the impact of chips on the machined surface, and further improve machining accuracy.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the end of the reamer bar 1 away from the blade 2 is provided with an external connection mechanism 18, which is connected to the machine tool spindle.

[0036] The above embodiments are exemplary and are intended to illustrate the technical concept and features of this utility model, so that those skilled in the art can understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable cutting diameter reamer, characterized in that: The device includes a reamer rod (1), a set of blades (2), a cylindrical protrusion (3), a screw (4), and a threaded hole (15). The reamer rod (1) has an end face (11) at its end. The cylindrical protrusion (3) is detachably mounted in the center of the end face (11) and is coaxial with the reamer rod (1). The threaded hole (15) is located on the end face (11). The blades (2) are detachably mounted in the threaded hole (15) by the screw (4). The axis of the mounting hole of the blades (2) is eccentrically set with the axis of the threaded hole (15). The blades (2) can rotate along the axis of the screw (4) and abut against and limit the cylindrical protrusion (3). The blades (2) have a cutting part (20) that extends out of the end face (11). By replacing the cylindrical protrusion (3) with different diameters, the length of the cutting part (20) extending out of the end face (11) can be adjusted.

2. The adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the reamer rod (1) is provided with an open cavity (12) along the axis. The cylindrical protrusion (3) includes an annular boss (31) and a fastening screw (32). The annular boss (31) is divided into an inner ring section (311) and an outer ring section (312). The diameter of the outer ring section (312) is larger than the diameter of the inner ring section (311). The inner ring section (311) is located in the open cavity (12), is barrel-shaped, and has a circular opening (3111) at the bottom. The fastening screw (32) passes through the circular opening (3111) and is threaded to the reamer rod (1). The outer ring section (312) is located on the end face (11).

3. The adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylindrical protrusion (3) also includes an elastic retaining ring (33). The inner ring side of the outer ring section (312) is provided with an annular groove (3121). The elastic retaining ring (33) is engaged in the annular groove (3121) to limit and fasten the screw (32).

4. The adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end face (11) is also provided with a limiting pin (13) and a limiting hole (14). The limiting pin (13) is fixed in the limiting hole (14) by interference fit. The blade (2) is located between the limiting pin (13) and the annular boss (31) and abuts against each other for limitation.

5. The adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting hole at the center of the blade (2) includes a screw through hole (21) and a screw countersunk hole (22). The diameter of the screw countersunk hole (22) is larger than the diameter of the screw through hole (21). The screw countersunk hole (22) is located in the direction away from the end face (11) of the screw through hole (21). A force-bearing surface (23) is provided at the junction of the screw through hole (21) and the screw countersunk hole (22). The axis of the threaded hole (15) and the axis of the screw through hole (21) are eccentrically set.

6. The adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting part (20) includes a first cutting part (24), a second cutting part (25), and a third cutting part (26). Each cutting part is arranged at 120-degree intervals around the center of the blade (2) and has a rotationally symmetrical structure. A first side surface (241) is formed between the first cutting part (24) and the second cutting part (25), and a second side surface (251) is formed between the second cutting part (25) and the third cutting part (26). The first side surface (241) abuts against the side of the annular boss (31), and the second side surface (251) abuts against the limiting pin (13).

7. An adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reamer bar (1) has multiple chip grooves (16) on its radial side with unequal angles, and cooling water holes (17) are provided on the chip grooves (16).

8. The adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first cutting part (24), the second cutting part (25), and the third cutting part (26) all include a main cutting edge (242) and a secondary cutting edge (243). The main cutting edge (242) has a rake face (244) on one side in the counterclockwise direction and a first flank face (245) on the side away from the rake face (244). The rake face (244) cooperates with the chip groove (16). The secondary cutting edge (243) has a second flank face (246) on the side of the first flank face (245). The side of the blade (2) away from the secondary cutting edge (243) abuts against the end face (11).

9. The adjustable cutting diameter reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reamer bar (1) is provided with an external connection mechanism (18) at one end away from the blade (2), and the external connection mechanism (18) is connected to the machine tool spindle.

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