Liquid nitrogen cooling device for part cutting tool
By using liquid nitrogen direct injection cooling technology, the problem of poor cooling effect for difficult-to-machine materials has been solved, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly temperature control, and improving cutting speed and tool life.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423129953.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing cooling methods are ineffective in cutting difficult-to-machine materials such as high-temperature alloys and titanium alloys, leading to accelerated tool wear and problems such as high energy consumption and environmental pollution.
Using liquid nitrogen as a coolant, the design of the liquid storage tank, delivery pipeline, guide pipe and diffusion chamber, combined with the nozzle rotation mechanism driven by servo motor, realizes the rotational flow and uniform spray of liquid nitrogen to directly cool the cutting tool.
It significantly improves temperature control accuracy and cutting efficiency, extends tool life, reduces tool wear rate, and reduces environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN223544802U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of cooling device technology, specifically a liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, in the metal cutting industry, in order to improve cutting efficiency and extend tool life, cooling measures are usually taken during the cutting process. Traditional cooling methods often use water-based or oil-based coolants sprayed onto the cutting area. Although this method can effectively reduce the temperature, it is difficult to achieve the ideal cooling effect for some high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys and other difficult-to-machine materials. This can easily lead to accelerated tool wear and even thermal cracks, which seriously affect the machining quality.
[0003] To address these issues, several improvement solutions have been proposed within the industry. One is to enhance cooling by increasing the coolant pressure, but this method requires sophisticated equipment, increasing production costs. Another is to switch to water-soluble coolants, which, while improving heat dissipation to some extent, still has limitations in applicability to certain materials. A third option is to use dry ice as a cooling medium. Dry ice rapidly sublimates and absorbs heat upon contact with high-temperature surfaces, achieving a good cooling effect; however, its storage and transportation are inconvenient, and its high cost limits its widespread practical application.
[0004] These existing cooling methods generally suffer from high energy consumption and serious environmental pollution. Moreover, they are still inadequate for the efficient and precise cooling of some special materials. Especially in high-load, continuous working environments, how to achieve rapid and effective cooling has become a key problem that needs to be solved. In order to solve the above problems, a liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools of parts is proposed. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application provides a liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools. By introducing liquid nitrogen as a coolant, it not only overcomes the problem of insufficient cooling in traditional cooling methods, but also significantly reduces energy consumption, reduces environmental pollution, and improves the safety and stability of the cutting process.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools, comprising a storage tank and a polyurethane foam insulation layer filled between the inner and outer walls of the storage tank. A liquid pump is installed at the bottom of the storage tank, and the output end of the liquid pump is connected to a delivery pipe. A flow regulating valve is installed inside the delivery pipe, and a guide pipe is connected to the output end of the delivery pipe. A diffusion chamber is installed at the top of the guide pipe, and a spiral guide groove is formed inside the diffusion chamber. The top end of the guide pipe is connected to the input end of the spiral guide groove. A nozzle is installed on one side of the diffusion chamber, and the nozzle is connected to the output end of the spiral guide groove. A controller is installed on the outer surface of the storage tank, and the liquid pump and the flow regulating valve are both electrically connected to the controller. A rotating mechanism is provided outside the nozzle.
[0007] The above solution employs innovative liquid nitrogen direct injection cooling technology, which significantly improves the temperature control accuracy and efficiency in metal cutting operations, significantly increases cutting speed and surface finish, greatly reduces tool wear rate, and extends tool life. By starting the liquid pump, liquid nitrogen inside the storage tank is transported through a delivery pipeline to a guide pipe, and then through the guide pipe to a spiral guide channel opened inside the diffusion chamber. The liquid nitrogen flows through the spiral guide channel, creating a rotating flow, thereby evenly distributing the liquid nitrogen flow. It can utilize the volume of the diffusion chamber to reduce local high-pressure areas and evenly guide the liquid nitrogen to the nozzle. Finally, the liquid nitrogen is directly sprayed onto the cutting tool through the nozzle, achieving a more efficient cooling effect.
[0008] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a servo motor fixedly connected to the outer surface of the diffuser chamber and a first sprocket fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the servo motor, and a sealed bearing is provided between the nozzle and the diffuser chamber.
[0009] With the above solution, the first sprocket can be driven to rotate when the servo motor starts.
[0010] Furthermore, a second sprocket is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the nozzle, the outer surface of the nozzle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing bearing, and the outer surface of the sealing bearing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diffusion chamber.
[0011] With the above solution, the nozzle can rotate when the second sprocket rotates. By setting a sealed bearing, the nozzle can rotate flexibly in the diffusion chamber without affecting the delivery of liquid nitrogen and also avoid leakage.
[0012] Furthermore, a chain is provided on the outside of the second sprocket, and the second sprocket is connected to the first sprocket through the chain.
[0013] The above solution allows for easy transmission of power from the first sprocket to the second sprocket via a chain, which in turn facilitates the rotation of the nozzle via the second sprocket.
[0014] Furthermore, the top of the liquid storage tank is equipped with a liquid injection port, and the input end of the liquid injection port is threaded with a sealing plug.
[0015] The above solution allows for the replenishment of liquid nitrogen into the storage tank by setting up an injection port, which is convenient for operation.
[0016] Furthermore, a vent pipe and a pressure gauge are installed on the top of the storage tank, and a safety valve is installed inside the vent pipe.
[0017] The above solution allows for the discharge of vaporized liquid nitrogen by installing a vent pipe and a safety valve, preventing excessive pressure inside the storage tank due to gas accumulation. A pressure gauge can be installed to monitor the gas pressure inside the storage tank in real time.
[0018] Furthermore, four mounting bases are fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer surface of the liquid storage tank, and a rubber pad is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the liquid storage tank.
[0019] The above solution allows the device to be positioned and installed at a suitable location on the machine tool by setting a mounting base and rubber pad, so that the nozzle can be set directly towards the cutting point.
[0020] Furthermore, two first reinforcing rods are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide tube, and both first reinforcing rods are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the liquid storage tank. Two second reinforcing rods are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the diffusion chamber, and both second reinforcing rods are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the liquid storage tank.
[0021] The above-mentioned method can reinforce the guide tube and the diffusion chamber, improve their stability, and thus ensure that liquid nitrogen can be stably transported.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] This liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools employs direct liquid nitrogen injection cooling technology, significantly improving the temperature control accuracy and efficiency in metal cutting operations. This not only increases the cutting speed but also greatly improves the surface finish of the tool, reduces tool wear rate, and extends tool life. After the liquid pump is started, the liquid nitrogen inside the storage tank is transported to the guide pipe through the delivery pipeline, and then enters the spiral guide channel inside the diffusion chamber. The liquid nitrogen generates a rotating flow in the spiral guide channel, evenly distributing the flow direction of the liquid nitrogen and reducing local high-pressure areas. Subsequently, the liquid nitrogen is evenly guided to the nozzle through the spiral guide channel and finally sprayed directly onto the cutting tool, achieving a highly efficient cooling effect. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of this application.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom view of the structure of this application;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this application;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of this application.
[0028] In the picture:
[0029] 1. Storage tank; 2. Polyurethane foam insulation layer; 3. Liquid pump; 4. Delivery pipeline; 5. Flow regulating valve; 6. Guide pipe; 7. Diffusion chamber; 8. Spiral guide channel; 9. Nozzle; 10. Controller; 11. Rotating mechanism; 1101. Servo motor; 1102. First sprocket; 1103. Second sprocket; 1104. Chain; 1105. Sealed bearing; 12. Injection port; 13. Vent pipe; 14. Safety valve; 15. Pressure gauge; 16. Mounting base; 17. Rubber pad; 18. First reinforcing rod; 19. Second reinforcing rod. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0031] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4This embodiment discloses a liquid nitrogen cooling device for a cutting tool, comprising a storage tank 1 and a polyurethane foam insulation layer 2 filled between the inner and outer walls of the storage tank 1. The storage tank 1 is made of 316L stainless steel. The polyurethane foam insulation layer 2 prevents external heat from entering the internal liquid and causing evaporation loss. A liquid pump 3 is installed at the bottom of the storage tank 1, and the output end of the liquid pump 3 is connected to a delivery pipe 4. When the liquid pump 3 is started, it can deliver the liquid nitrogen inside the storage tank 1 through the delivery pipe 4. A flow regulating valve 5 is installed inside the delivery pipe 4. The flow regulating valve 5 is an electromagnetic proportional valve with a maximum diameter of DN5 and a working pressure range of 0~2MPa. The flow rate of liquid nitrogen can be adjusted by the flow regulating valve 5. A guide pipe 6 is connected to the output end of the delivery pipe 4, and the liquid nitrogen in the delivery pipe 4 can be delivered to the guide pipe 6. An expansion valve is installed at the top of the guide pipe 6. The diffusion chamber 7 has a spiral guide channel 8 inside. The top end of the guide pipe 6 is connected to the input end of the spiral guide channel 8. Liquid nitrogen in the guide pipe 6 can be input into the spiral guide channel 8 inside the diffusion chamber 7. The liquid nitrogen is spirally transported in the spiral guide channel 8, which helps to evenly distribute the liquid nitrogen flow. A nozzle 9 is installed on one side of the diffusion chamber 7. The nozzle 9 has five annularly arranged spray holes with a diameter of 0.2 mm. The nozzle 9 is connected to the output end of the spiral guide channel 8. The nozzle 9 is located near the machine tool spindle and is set directly towards the cutting point. The liquid nitrogen transported through the spiral guide channel 8 will be atomized and sprayed onto the cutting tool through the nozzle 9 to directly cool the cutting tool. A controller 10 is installed on the outer surface of the liquid storage tank 1. The liquid pump 3 and the flow regulating valve 5 are electrically connected to the controller 10. The core component inside the controller 10 is the main control unit ARM. The Cortex-M4 microcontroller has powerful computing capabilities and abundant peripheral interface resources. The controller 10 is a pre-equipped automated control system responsible for monitoring parameters such as liquid level and flow rate changes, and adjusting the valve opening degree through PID algorithm to maintain the optimal cooling state.
[0032] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The nozzle 9 is externally equipped with a rotating mechanism 11. The rotating mechanism 11 includes a servo motor 1101 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the diffusion chamber 7 and a first sprocket 1102 fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the servo motor 1101. A sealed bearing 1105 is provided between the nozzle 9 and the diffusion chamber 7. When the servo motor 1101 is started, it can drive the first sprocket 1102 to rotate. A second sprocket 1103 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the nozzle 9. The outer surface of the nozzle 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealed bearing 1105, and the outer surface of the sealed bearing 1105 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diffusion chamber 7. The connection allows the nozzle 9 to rotate when the second sprocket 1103 rotates. By setting a sealed bearing 1105, the nozzle 9 can rotate flexibly in the diffusion chamber 7 without affecting the delivery of liquid nitrogen and preventing leakage. The second sprocket 1103 is equipped with a chain 1104 on its outside. The second sprocket 1103 is connected to the first sprocket 1102 through the chain 1104. By setting the chain 1104, the power of the first sprocket 1102 can be easily transmitted to the second sprocket 1103, thereby facilitating the rotation of the nozzle 9 through the second sprocket 1103.
[0033] It should be noted that when the servo motor 1101 starts, it can drive the first sprocket 1102 to rotate. The chain 1104 can drive the second sprocket 1103 to rotate. When the second sprocket 1103 rotates, the nozzle 9 can rotate. When the nozzle 9 rotates, it can spray liquid nitrogen out in a rotating manner, thereby expanding the spray range and optimizing the cooling effect.
[0034] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The top of the liquid storage tank 1 is equipped with a liquid injection port 12, and the input end of the liquid injection port 12 is threaded with a sealing plug. Liquid nitrogen can be added to the liquid storage tank 1 through the liquid injection port 12, which is convenient for operation. The top of the liquid storage tank 1 is equipped with a vent pipe 13 and a pressure gauge 15. A safety valve 14 is installed inside the vent pipe 13. By setting the vent pipe 13 and the safety valve 14, the vaporized liquid nitrogen can be discharged to avoid excessive pressure inside the liquid storage tank 1 due to gas accumulation. The pressure gauge 15 can monitor the gas pressure inside the liquid storage tank 1 in real time. Four mounting bases 16 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer surface of the liquid storage tank 1. The bottom surface of the liquid storage tank 1 is fixedly connected to... With a rubber pad 17 attached, the device can be positioned and installed on a suitable location on the machine tool by setting the mounting base 16 and the rubber pad 17, so that the nozzle 9 can be set directly towards the cutting point. Two first reinforcing rods 18 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide pipe 6, and both first reinforcing rods 18 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the liquid storage tank 1. Two second reinforcing rods 19 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the diffusion chamber 7, and both second reinforcing rods 19 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the liquid storage tank 1. This can reinforce the guide pipe 6 and the diffusion chamber 7, improve the stability of the guide pipe 6 and the diffusion chamber 7, and thus ensure that liquid nitrogen can be stably delivered.
[0035] In this embodiment, a liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools employs innovative direct liquid nitrogen injection cooling technology. This significantly improves the temperature control accuracy and efficiency in metal cutting operations, significantly increases cutting speed and surface finish, greatly reduces tool wear rate, and extends tool life. By starting the liquid pump 3, liquid nitrogen inside the storage tank 1 is transported to the guide pipe 6 through the delivery pipe 4. Then, it is transported to the spiral guide channel 8 inside the diffusion chamber 7 through the guide pipe 6. The liquid nitrogen flows through the spiral guide channel 8, causing it to rotate and flow evenly, thereby uniformly distributing the liquid nitrogen flow. This utilizes the volume of the diffusion chamber 7 to reduce local high-pressure areas and uniformly guides the liquid nitrogen to the nozzle 9. Finally, the liquid nitrogen is directly sprayed onto the cutting tool through the nozzle 9, achieving a more efficient cooling effect.
[0036] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: First, check whether the liquid nitrogen in the storage tank 1 is sufficient. Then, turn on the liquid pump 3 to allow liquid nitrogen to enter the system. Next, set the initial flow rate value by adjusting the position of the flow regulating valve 5. This value can be preset according to the actual processing requirements. Then, the liquid nitrogen can be transported through the delivery pipe 4 to the guide pipe 6, and then through the guide pipe 6 to the spiral guide groove 8 opened inside the diffusion chamber 7. The liquid nitrogen is spirally transported in the spiral guide groove 8, thereby evenly distributing the liquid nitrogen flow direction. Finally, the liquid nitrogen is directly atomized and sprayed onto the cutting tool through the nozzle 9. This design allows the liquid nitrogen to reach the cutting area in a shorter time. This forms a dense and uniform atomized coating, further enhancing the cooling capacity. During the cutting process, the controller 10 collects data signals from various sensors in real time, including but not limited to temperature, pressure, and liquid level information, and feeds them back to the main control unit for processing. Based on the current working conditions, the main control unit uses a PID control strategy to dynamically adjust the opening and closing degree of the flow regulating valve 5 to ensure that the liquid nitrogen supply is always maintained within a stable and reasonable range, which can ensure efficient cooling effect and avoid wasting valuable resources. Finally, the nozzle 9 can be rotated by the rotating mechanism 11 to adapt to more types of cutting tools and complex curved workpieces.
[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0038] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools, comprising a storage tank (1) and a polyurethane foam insulation layer (2) filled between the inner and outer walls of the storage tank (1), characterized in that: A liquid pump (3) is installed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank (1). The output end of the liquid pump (3) is connected to a delivery pipe (4). A flow regulating valve (5) is installed inside the delivery pipe (4). A guide pipe (6) is connected to the output end of the delivery pipe (4). A diffusion chamber (7) is installed at the top of the guide pipe (6). A spiral guide groove (8) is opened inside the diffusion chamber (7). The top end of the guide pipe (6) is connected to the input end of the spiral guide groove (8). A nozzle (9) is installed on one side of the diffusion chamber (7). The nozzle (9) is connected to the output end of the spiral guide groove (8). A controller (10) is installed on the outer surface of the liquid storage tank (1). The liquid pump (3) and the flow regulating valve (5) are both electrically connected to the controller (10). A rotating mechanism (11) is provided on the outside of the nozzle (9).
2. The liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (11) includes a servo motor (1101) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the diffusion chamber (7) and a first sprocket (1102) fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the servo motor (1101). A sealed bearing (1105) is provided between the nozzle (9) and the diffusion chamber (7).
3. The liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools of parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the nozzle (9) is fixedly connected to a second sprocket (1103), the outer surface of the nozzle (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing bearing (1105), and the outer surface of the sealing bearing (1105) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diffusion chamber (7).
4. The liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools of parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second sprocket (1103) is provided with a chain (1104) on its outside, and the second sprocket (1103) is connected to the first sprocket (1102) through the chain (1104).
5. A liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the liquid storage tank (1) is equipped with a liquid injection port (12), and the input end of the liquid injection port (12) is threaded with a sealing plug.
6. The liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the storage tank (1) is equipped with a vent pipe (13) and a pressure gauge (15), and a safety valve (14) is installed inside the vent pipe (13).
7. The liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four mounting bases (16) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer surface of the liquid storage tank (1), and a rubber pad (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the liquid storage tank (1).
8. A liquid nitrogen cooling device for cutting tools of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two first reinforcing rods (18) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide tube (6), and both first reinforcing rods (18) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the liquid storage tank (1). Two second reinforcing rods (19) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the diffusion chamber (7), and both second reinforcing rods (19) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the liquid storage tank (1).