Power shortage control device for new energy electric vehicle
By monitoring and activating the power battery through the vehicle controller to charge the battery of the new energy electric vehicle, the problem of equipment failure caused by battery depletion is solved, and timely charging and low power consumption management of the battery are realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423311048.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-31
AI Technical Summary
When the battery of an existing new energy electric vehicle is low on power, the low power alarm cannot actively charge the battery, causing the controller and external equipment to malfunction. In addition, the power consumption of the BMS is high when monitoring and controlling the charging process.
Design a power supply depletion control device for new energy electric vehicles. The device monitors the depletion status of the battery through the vehicle controller and wakes up the power battery to charge the battery through the DC-DC charging module when the battery is depleted. The device includes a depletion status monitoring circuit, a wake-up drive, and a protection circuit to achieve active charging.
It effectively solves the problem of battery depletion, ensures the normal operation of new energy vehicles, reduces the power consumption of the BMS, and enables timely charging of the battery.
Smart Images
Figure CN223546162U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model provides a power supply depletion control device for new energy electric vehicles, belonging to the field of power management technology. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the new energy vehicle industry is developing rapidly, replacing gasoline vehicles and achieving zero emissions, low noise operation, and more reliable control. Batteries commonly output 12V and 24V, serving as the low-voltage power source for new energy electric vehicles, providing system power to their various controllers and some equipment.
[0003] When the power battery of a new energy electric vehicle stops charging the storage battery or the storage battery's energy storage capacity decreases due to prolonged use, the various controllers will continuously consume the storage battery's energy. When the storage battery is depleted and cannot be charged in time, it will affect the starting of the new energy electric vehicle and the normal operation of various controllers and external equipment.
[0004] Currently, most electric vehicles use low battery warnings to remind users to charge the battery or use a BMS (Battery Management System) to monitor the battery level and control the charging of the power battery. However, using only a low battery warning cannot actively charge the battery and cannot fundamentally solve the problem; monitoring and controlling battery charging through a BMS requires the BMS to be constantly operational. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the problem of high power consumption in existing new energy electric vehicles where batteries cannot be charged via alarm monitoring when they are low on charge, and where charging is achieved through BMS management, this invention proposes a power supply low-charge control device for new energy electric vehicles.
[0006] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: a power supply depletion control device for a new energy electric vehicle, including a battery, an MCU, a power battery, a DC-DC charging module, and an electric vehicle controller. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the power input terminal of the electric vehicle controller via a wire. The power output terminal of the electric vehicle controller is connected to the MCU. The positive terminal of the battery is also connected to the input terminal of a power depletion wake-up circuit. The output terminal of the power depletion wake-up circuit is connected to the wake-up control terminal of the electric vehicle controller. The power depletion wake-up circuit is also connected to the MCU. The MCU monitors the power depletion status of the output power of the electric vehicle controller. The output terminal of the electric vehicle controller is connected to the signal input terminal of the power battery. The power terminal of the power battery is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC charging module. The output terminal of the DC-DC charging module is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.
[0007] Furthermore, the power-loss wake-up circuit includes a power-loss state monitoring circuit, a power-loss wake-up drive circuit, and a power-loss wake-up protection circuit.
[0008] Furthermore, the low-power state monitoring circuit includes a Zener diode D1, resistors R3 and R4, and a capacitor C1, which is used by the control module of the electric vehicle controller to monitor the low-power state of the battery. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the negative terminal of the Zener diode. The positive terminal of the Zener diode is connected in series with resistor R3 and then in parallel with pin 1 of resistor R4 and pin 1 of capacitor C1. Pin 2 of resistor R4 and pin 2 of capacitor C1 are both connected to GND.
[0009] Furthermore, the power-down wake-up drive circuit includes a transistor Q1, resistors R1 and R5. The gate (G) of transistor Q1 is connected in parallel with pin 1 of resistor R4 and pin 1 of capacitor C1. The source (S) of transistor Q1 is connected to GND. The drain (D) of transistor Q1 is connected in parallel with pin 2 of resistor R1 and pin 1 of resistor R5. Pin 1 of resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and pin 2 of resistor R5 is connected to GND.
[0010] Furthermore, the power depletion wake-up protection circuit includes diodes D2 and D3, a Zener diode D4, and a resistor R2. The positive terminal of diode D2 is connected in parallel to pin 2 of resistor R1 and pin 1 of resistor R5. The negative terminal of diode D2 is connected in parallel to the negative terminal of diode D3, the negative terminal of the Zener diode, and pin 1 of resistor R2. The positive terminal of diode D3 is connected to pin 2 of the MCU. The positive terminal of Zener diode D4 is connected to GND. Pin 2 of resistor R2 is connected to the wake-up control terminal pin of the electric vehicle controller.
[0011] Furthermore, the power output terminal of the power module of the electric vehicle controller is connected to pin 1 of the MCU, and pin 2 of the MCU is connected to the control module of the electric vehicle controller through transistor D3 and resistor R2, which is used by the MCU to monitor the power supply output status of the power module of the electric vehicle controller.
[0012] The advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are as follows: This utility model incorporates the battery depletion wake-up function as part of the vehicle controller function. By monitoring the depletion state and controlling the depletion wake-up for charging through the vehicle controller, it can ensure that once the battery is in a depletion state, the power battery is allowed to charge the battery through the DC-DC charging module, thus fundamentally solving the battery depletion problem. Attached Figure Description
[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure for power-down wake-up of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is the circuit diagram for the power depletion wake-up function of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0016] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this utility model provides a power supply depletion control device for new energy electric vehicles, including a low-cost MOSFET power supply depletion wake-up circuit with voltage regulation protection, current limiting protection, and signal anti-interference functions. It also includes a battery, an MCU, a power battery, a DC-DC charging module, and a vehicle control unit (VCU). The battery provides power input to the VCU's power module, and the VCU's power module outputs power to the MCU. The VCU's control module monitors the battery's depletion status, and the MCU monitors the depletion status of the VCU's power module output power. When the VCU control module detects that the battery is in a depletion state, it enables the wake-up control of the VCU's power module. When the MCU detects that the VCU's power module output power is in a depletion state, it also enables the wake-up control of the VCU's power module. At this time, the power battery charges the battery through the DC-DC charging module according to the VCU's depletion wake-up signal, promptly resolving the battery depletion problem.
[0017] like Figure 2 As shown, the low-power wake-up circuit provided by this utility model includes a low-power state monitoring circuit, a low-power wake-up drive circuit, and a low-power wake-up protection circuit. D1, R3, R4, and C1 constitute the low-power state monitoring circuit, used by the VCU control module to monitor the low-power state of the battery. The power output terminal of the VCU power module is connected to pin 1 of the MCU, and pin 2 of the MCU is connected to the VCU control module, forming a low-power monitoring circuit for the power output of the VCU power module, used by the MCU to monitor the low-power state of the VCU power module's output power. Q1, R1, and R5 constitute the low-power wake-up drive circuit, used to enable the wake-up control signal under low-power conditions. D2, D3, D4, and R2 constitute the low-power wake-up protection circuit, used for voltage regulation protection, current limiting protection, and signal anti-interference protection of the low-power wake-up circuit, wherein R2 serves as a current limiting protection element, D2 and D3 serve as anti-interference protection elements, and D4 serves as a voltage regulating element.
[0018] Specifically, the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the power input terminal of the VCU power module, the power output terminal of the VCU power module is connected to pin 1 of the MCU, and the wake-up control terminal of the VCU power module is connected to pin 2 of resistor R2. The positive terminal of the battery is also connected in parallel with the negative terminal of Zener diode D1. The positive terminal of Zener diode D1 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R3. Pin 2 of resistor R3 is connected to pin 1 of resistor R4. Pin 2 of resistor R4 is connected to GND. Pin 1 of resistor R4 is also connected in parallel with pin 1 of capacitor C1. Pin 2 of capacitor C2 is connected to GND. Pin #1 is also connected in parallel with the gate (G) terminal of transistor Q1. The source (S) terminal of transistor Q1 is connected to GND. The drain (D) terminal of transistor Q1 is connected in parallel with pin #2 of resistor R1, pin #1 of resistor R5, and the positive terminal of diode D2. The positive terminal of the battery is also connected in parallel with pin #1 of resistor R1. Pin #2 of resistor R5 is connected to GND. The negative terminal of diode D2 is connected in parallel with pin #1 of resistor R2, the negative terminal of diode D3, and the negative terminal of Zener diode D4. Pin #2 of resistor R2 is connected to the wake-up control terminal of the VCU power module. The positive terminal of Zener diode D4 is connected to GND. The positive terminal of diode D3 is connected to pin #2 of the MCU.
[0019] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:
[0020] Battery voltage V BAT After passing through the Zener diode D1, a new voltage V0 is formed. V0 is then divided by resistors R3 and R4 and filtered by capacitor C1 to form a monitoring voltage V1 for the VCU control module to monitor the battery's discharge status. When the battery is not in a discharged state, V1 is greater than the turn-on voltage V0 of transistor Q1. GS(ON) When the battery is in a low-charge state, V1 is less than the turn-on voltage V of transistor Q1. GS(ON) Resistors R1 and R5 form a voltage divider circuit, dividing the battery voltage to form the discharge enable control voltage V2 of the VCU control circuit. When the battery is not in a discharged state, Q1 is turned on, and V2 is 0V; when the battery is in a discharged state, Q1 is not turned on, and V2 is (R5 / (R1+R5))*V. BAT This forms the first type of power depletion wake-up enable voltage. When V2 is (R5 / (R1+R5))*V BAT When the diode D2 is turned on, V2 enables the VCU power module's power-down wake-up control after the voltage regulation protection of the Zener diode D4 and the current limiting protection of the resistor R2.
[0021] The MCU uses pin 1 to determine the power output voltage V3 of the VCU power module. When V3 is not underpowered, the voltage V4 on pin 2 of the MCU is low; when V3 is underpowered, the voltage V4 on pin 2 of the MCU is high, forming a second underpowered wake-up enable voltage. When V4 is high, diode D3 conducts, and V4, after being regulated by the Zener diode D4 and current-limited by resistor R2, enables the underpowered wake-up control of the VCU power module.
[0022] When the VCU power module's low-power wake-up control is enabled, the VCU controls the power battery to charge the battery through the DC-DC charging module. The low-power wake-up process ends when the VCU power module's low-power wake-up control is deactivated.
[0023] This invention utilizes the unidirectional conduction characteristics of diodes D2 and D3. The first power-down wake-up enable voltage and the second power-down wake-up enable voltage can individually enable the power-down wake-up control signal, or they can work together to enable the power-down wake-up control signal. At the same time, the two enable voltages do not interfere with each other, achieving the effect of signal anti-interference protection.
[0024] Regarding the specific structure of this utility model, it should be noted that the connection relationships between the various component modules adopted in this utility model are definite and achievable. Except as specifically described in the embodiments, their specific connection relationships can bring about corresponding technical effects and solve the technical problems proposed by this utility model without relying on the execution of corresponding software programs. The models of the components, modules, and specific components appearing in this utility model, the connection methods between them, and the conventional usage methods and expected technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned technical features, unless specifically described, are all publicly disclosed content in patents, journal articles, technical manuals, technical dictionaries, and textbooks that can be obtained by those skilled in the art before the application date, or belong to conventional technology, common knowledge, and other existing technologies in this field. There is no need to elaborate, which makes the technical solution provided in this case clear, complete, and achievable, and can reproduce or obtain corresponding physical products based on this technical means.
[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A power supply loss control device for new energy electric vehicles, characterized in that: The system includes a battery, an MCU, a power battery, a DC-DC charging module, and an electric vehicle controller. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the power input terminal of the electric vehicle controller via a wire. The power output terminal of the electric vehicle controller is connected to the MCU. The positive terminal of the battery is also connected to the input terminal of a low-power wake-up circuit. The output terminal of the low-power wake-up circuit is connected to the wake-up control terminal of the electric vehicle controller. The low-power wake-up circuit is also connected to the MCU. The MCU monitors the low-power status of the output power of the electric vehicle controller. The output terminal of the electric vehicle controller is connected to the signal input terminal of the power battery. The power terminal of the power battery is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC charging module. The output terminal of the DC-DC charging module is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.
2. The power supply loss control device for a new energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power-loss wake-up circuit includes a power-loss state monitoring circuit, a power-loss wake-up drive circuit, and a power-loss wake-up protection circuit.
3. The power supply loss control device for a new energy electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The low-power state monitoring circuit includes a Zener diode D1, resistors R3 and R4, and a capacitor C1. It is used by the control module of the electric vehicle controller to monitor the low-power state of the battery. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the negative terminal of the Zener diode. The positive terminal of the Zener diode is connected in series with resistor R3 and then in parallel with pin 1 of resistor R4 and pin 1 of capacitor C1. Pin 2 of resistor R4 and pin 2 of capacitor C1 are both connected to GND.
4. The power supply loss control device for a new energy electric vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power-down wake-up drive circuit includes a transistor Q1, resistors R1 and R5. The gate (G) of transistor Q1 is connected in parallel with pin 1 of resistor R4 and pin 1 of capacitor C1. The source (S) of transistor Q1 is connected to GND. The drain (D) of transistor Q1 is connected in parallel with pin 2 of resistor R1 and pin 1 of resistor R5. Pin 1 of resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and pin 2 of resistor R5 is connected to GND.
5. The power supply loss control device for a new energy electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power depletion wake-up protection circuit includes diodes D2 and D3, a Zener diode D4, and a resistor R2. The positive terminal of diode D2 is connected in parallel to pin 2 of resistor R1 and pin 1 of resistor R5. The negative terminal of diode D2 is connected in parallel to the negative terminal of diode D3, the negative terminal of the Zener diode, and pin 1 of resistor R2. The positive terminal of diode D3 is connected to pin 2 of the MCU. The positive terminal of Zener diode D4 is connected to GND. Pin 2 of resistor R2 is connected to the wake-up control terminal pin of the electric vehicle controller.
6. The power supply loss control device for a new energy electric vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power output terminal of the power module of the electric vehicle controller is connected to pin 1 of the MCU. Pin 2 of the MCU is connected to the control module of the electric vehicle controller through transistor D3 and resistor R2, and is used by the MCU to monitor the power supply status of the power module of the electric vehicle controller.