Uniform-section concrete T beam and bridge
By adopting a uniform cross-section concrete T-beam structure, the problems of irregular T-beam formwork and numerous reinforcing bars were solved, achieving standardization and factory production of beam segments, and improving construction efficiency and load-bearing capacity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423044219.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing T-beams use a variable cross-section design, which results in irregularly shaped formwork and a wide variety of steel reinforcements. This makes them unsuitable for automated steel reinforcement production and mechanized binding, affecting construction efficiency and cost.
The structure adopts a uniform cross-section concrete T-beam structure, including a top plate, web plate and bottom plate with uniform cross-section. The transverse diaphragms are set at intervals along the length of the web plate, which simplifies the mold design, facilitates mechanized operation, and facilitates the pouring of wet joints between the beam and the top plate through the interval between the transverse diaphragms and the top plate.
This has enabled the standardization and factory production of bridge beams, saving labor costs, shortening the construction period, and improving load-bearing capacity and bridge erection efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223548409U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge engineering technology, and in particular to a concrete T-beam with uniform cross-section and a bridge. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of urban roads and highways in my country, higher requirements have been placed on the spanning capacity, construction speed, and aesthetics of bridges.
[0003] T-beams are the most commonly used beam type in highway construction, with lengths ranging from 25 to 40 meters. Their cross-sectional shape resembles the letter "T," consisting of a horizontal flange at the top and a vertical web at the bottom. T-beams are frequently used in building and civil engineering, particularly in structures such as bridges and floor slabs. Their unique structural form gives T-beams good load-bearing capacity and bending resistance.
[0004] However, the current T-beams adopt a variable cross-section design, which leads to irregular formwork shapes and a wide variety of steel reinforcement types, making them unsuitable for automated steel reinforcement production and mechanized binding. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to address the problems of current T-beams using variable cross-section designs, which result in irregularly shaped formwork, a wide variety of reinforcing bars, and unsuitability for automated production and mechanized binding of reinforcing bars, by providing a uniform cross-section concrete T-beam and bridge.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a concrete T-beam with uniform cross-section, comprising a top plate, a web plate, and a bottom plate connected sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the top plate, the web plate, and the bottom plate are all of uniform cross-section;
[0007] It also includes transverse diaphragms, which are spaced apart along the length of the web, and there is a first gap between the transverse diaphragms and the top plate.
[0008] The uniform cross-section concrete T-beam described in this application adopts a structural form with a top plate, web plate, and bottom plate of uniform cross-section. The beam structure is simple, with fewer types of steel reinforcement, which greatly simplifies the complexity of the molds during prefabrication and facilitates mechanized operation of mold opening and closing. This effectively realizes the standardization and factory production of beam segments, thereby saving labor costs and shortening the construction period. At the same time, the I-shaped cross-section helps the beam to be transversely stable and improves its load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, there is a first gap between the diaphragm and the top plate, which facilitates the continuous pouring of the wet joint of the beam and slab between adjacent top plates, making the pouring of the wet joint of the beam and slab more convenient.
[0009] Preferably, the transverse diaphragm includes an end diaphragm, a mid-span diaphragm, and a middle diaphragm, wherein the end diaphragm is located at the end of the web, the mid-span diaphragm is located in the middle of the web, and the middle diaphragm is spaced between the end diaphragm and the mid-span diaphragm;
[0010] The bottom of the end partition is connected to the bottom plate;
[0011] The mid-span partition and the mid-span partition have a second gap with the bottom plate.
[0012] The end diaphragm is connected to the bottom plate, thereby enhancing the transverse bending stiffness of the beam end; the mid-span diaphragm and the intermediate diaphragm have a second gap between them and the bottom plate to reduce the corner setting between them and the bottom plate, simplifying the relevant formwork structure of the I-beam and facilitating the on-site fabrication of the I-beam formwork.
[0013] Preferably, the end partition is parallel to the beam end;
[0014] The central partition is parallel to the transverse central partition.
[0015] Preferably, each of the transverse diaphragms is provided with a reinforcing cage, the reinforcing cage including stirrups and transverse connecting bars, the transverse connecting bars being arranged at intervals around the stirrups in the circumferential direction;
[0016] It also includes embedded parts, which are disposed within the web, and the transverse connecting bars are connected to the embedded parts.
[0017] Preferably, the embedded part includes a sleeve, both ends of which extend to the outside of the web, and the transverse connecting rib passes through the sleeve.
[0018] Preferably, the embedded part includes a threaded sleeve, one end of which extends to the outer side of the web, and one end of the transverse connecting rib is connected to the threaded sleeve.
[0019] Preferably, the transverse diaphragm is provided on one side or both sides of the web.
[0020] Preferably, a first reserved joint is provided at the end of the diaphragm away from the web;
[0021] The top plate has a second reserved joint on its side.
[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a bridge comprising a plurality of equal-section concrete T-beams as described in this application, wherein the equal-section concrete T-beams are spaced apart along the width direction of the bridge, and adjacent top plates are connected by top plate wet joints, and adjacent transverse diaphragms are connected by diaphragm wet joints.
[0023] Preferably, a waterproof layer is laid on the top surface of the roof slab, a concrete pavement layer is laid on the waterproof layer, and an asphalt pavement layer is laid on the concrete pavement layer.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0025] 1. The uniform cross-section concrete T-beam described in this application adopts a structural form with a top plate, web plate, and bottom plate of uniform cross-section. The beam structure is simple and has fewer types of steel reinforcement, which greatly simplifies the complexity of the molds in the prefabrication process, facilitates the mechanization of mold opening and closing operations, effectively realizes the standardization and factory production of beam segments, thereby saving labor costs and shortening the construction period. At the same time, the I-shaped cross-section helps the beam to be transversely stable and improves its load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, there is a first gap between the diaphragm and the top plate, which facilitates the continuous pouring of the wet joint of the beam and slab between adjacent top plates, making the pouring of the wet joint of the beam and slab more convenient.
[0026] 2. The bridge described in this application is composed of uniform cross-section concrete T-beams as described in this application. Along the width direction of the bridge, adjacent top plates are connected by wet joints of the top plates, and adjacent transverse diaphragms are connected by wet joints of the diaphragms, which improves the bridge erection efficiency. At the same time, since the I-shaped cross-section of the I-beam has better stability, it also improves the load-bearing capacity of the bridge. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal schematic diagram of the uniform cross-section concrete T-beam of this application.
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse diaphragm of a uniform cross-section concrete T-beam. Figure 1 .
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse diaphragm of a uniform cross-section concrete T-beam. Figure 2 .
[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steel reinforcement cage for the diaphragm.
[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Detail drawing of point A.
[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Detailed drawing of section B.
[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Top view (top panel not shown).
[0034] Figure 8 yes Figure 4 Side view.
[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bridge in this application. Figure 1 .
[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bridge in this application. Figure 2 .
[0037] Marked in the image:
[0038] 1-Top slab, 2-Web slab, 3-Bottom slab, 4-Diaphragm, 41-End diaphragm, 42-Mid-span diaphragm, 43-Intermediate diaphragm, 401-Stirrup, 402-Transverse connecting bar, 403-Tie bar, 5-First bay, 6-Second bay, 7-First reserved joint, 8-Second reserved joint, 9-Reserved part, 91-Sleeve, 92-Threaded sleeve, 10-Wet joint of beam and slab, 20-Wet joint of diaphragm, 30-Waterproof layer, 40-Concrete pavement layer, 50-Asphalt pavement layer, 60-Guardrail, 70-Water collection trough. Detailed Implementation
[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0040] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of this utility model is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the utility model solution or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0041] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.
[0042] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.
[0043] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several", "multiple", and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.
[0044] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "equipped with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.
[0045] Example 1
[0046] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the concrete T-beam with uniform cross-section described in this embodiment includes a top plate 1, a web plate 2, and a bottom plate 3 connected sequentially from top to bottom. The top plate 1, web plate 2, and bottom plate 3 all have uniform cross-sections.
[0047] It also includes a transverse diaphragm 4, which is spaced along the length of the web 2, and there is a first gap 5 between the transverse diaphragm 4 and the top plate 1.
[0048] The beam structure adopts a uniform cross-section top plate 1, web plate 2, and bottom plate 3, which simplifies the beam construction and reduces the types of steel reinforcement. This greatly simplifies the complexity of the molds during prefabrication, facilitates mechanized mold opening and closing, and effectively achieves standardized and factory-made beam production, thereby saving labor costs and shortening the construction period. At the same time, the I-shaped cross-section helps the beam to maintain lateral stability and improve its load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, the first gap between the diaphragm 4 and the top plate 1 facilitates the continuous pouring of the wet joint 10 between adjacent top plates 1 along the length of the beam, making the pouring of the wet joint 10 more convenient.
[0049] In one or more implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the transverse diaphragm 4 is divided into an end diaphragm 41, a mid-span diaphragm 42, and a mid-span diaphragm 43. The end diaphragm 41 is located at the end of the web 2, the mid-span diaphragm 42 is located in the middle of the web 2, and the mid-span diaphragm 43 is spaced between the end diaphragm 41 and the mid-span diaphragm 42.
[0050] The bottom of the end partition 41 is connected to the bottom plate 3;
[0051] There is a second gap 6 between the cross-section partition 42 and the middle partition 43 and the bottom plate 3.
[0052] The bottom of the end diaphragm 41 is connected to the bottom plate 3, thereby enhancing the transverse bending stiffness of the beam end;
[0053] The mid-span diaphragm 42 and the mid-span diaphragm 43 have a second gap 6 between them and the bottom plate 3, which reduces the corner setting between the mid-span diaphragm 42 and the mid-span diaphragm 43 and the bottom plate 6, simplifies the relevant template structure of the I-beam, and facilitates the on-site fabrication of the I-beam template.
[0054] In an optional embodiment, the end diaphragm 41 is parallel to the beam end;
[0055] The middle partition 43 is parallel to the cross partition 42.
[0056] The parallel alignment of the end diaphragm 41 with the beam end ensures the stability and uniform stress distribution of the structure. At the ends of the bridge, the beam ends usually bear large vertical and lateral loads. The parallel end diaphragm 41 helps to distribute these loads more evenly, avoid local stress concentration, and thus improve the overall stability of the bridge.
[0057] By setting the intermediate partition 43 parallel to the cross-sectional partition 42, the abrupt changes in cross-section such as the corners of the intermediate partition 43 are reduced, thereby reducing stress concentration effects.
[0058] In this embodiment, the shape, size, and structure of the cross-section partition 42 are the same as those of the middle partition 43.
[0059] In optional implementations, such as Figures 4-8 As shown, each diaphragm 4 is equipped with a steel cage, which includes stirrups 401 and transverse connecting bars 402. The transverse connecting bars 402 are arranged circumferentially around the stirrups 401.
[0060] It also includes embedded parts, which are set in the web 2, and the transverse connecting bars 402 are connected to the embedded parts.
[0061] By connecting the transverse connecting rib 402 of the diaphragm 4 to the embedded part in the web 2, the transverse connecting rib 402 is fixed on the web 2, thereby ensuring the connection strength between the diaphragm 4 and the web 2.
[0062] Among them, such as Figure 8 As shown, the steel cage includes stirrups 401 and transverse connecting bars 402. The transverse connecting bars 402 are arranged circumferentially around the stirrups 401. Tie bars 403 are also provided on the stirrups 401 for fixing the stirrups 401.
[0063] In this embodiment, the transverse diaphragm 4 is divided into an end diaphragm 41, a mid-span diaphragm 42, and a middle diaphragm 43. Each of the end diaphragm 41, the mid-span diaphragm 42, and the middle diaphragm 43 is provided with a reinforcing cage. The reinforcing cage includes stirrups 401 and transverse connecting bars 402. The transverse connecting bars 402 are arranged circumferentially around the stirrups 401.
[0064] In optional implementations, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the embedded part includes a sleeve 91, with both ends of the sleeve 91 extending to the outside of the web 2, and the transverse connecting bar 402 passing through the sleeve 91.
[0065] A sleeve 91 is pre-embedded inside the web 2, with both ends of the sleeve 91 extending to the outside of the web 2. After the transverse connecting bar 402 passes through the sleeve 91, the transverse connecting bar 402 passes through the web 2, thereby making the transverse connecting bar 402 firmly connected to the web 2, thus ensuring the connection strength between the diaphragm 4 and the web 2.
[0066] In optional implementations, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the embedded part includes a threaded sleeve 92, one end of which extends to the outside of the web 2, and one end of the transverse connecting rib 402 is connected to the threaded sleeve 92.
[0067] The web plate 2 is pre-threaded with a sleeve 92, and the transverse connecting rib 402 is fixedly connected to the web plate 2 through the sleeve 92, so that the transverse connecting rib 402 is firmly connected to the web plate 2, thereby ensuring the connection strength between the diaphragm 4 and the web plate 2.
[0068] In an optional embodiment, a transverse partition 4 is provided on one side or both sides of the web 2.
[0069] When a transverse diaphragm 4 is provided on one side of the web 2, the I-beam is located at the edge of the bridge. A threaded sleeve 92 is pre-embedded in the web 2, and the transverse connecting bar 402 of the transverse diaphragm 4 is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve 92.
[0070] When transverse diaphragms 4 are provided on both sides of the web 2, the I-beam is located in the middle area of the bridge. The web 2 is pre-embedded with sleeves 91, and the transverse connecting bars 402 of the transverse diaphragms 4 pass through the pre-embedded sleeves 91.
[0071] In one or more implementations, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, a first reserved joint 7 is provided at the end of the diaphragm 4 away from the web 2;
[0072] The top plate 1 has a second reserved joint 8 on its side.
[0073] By prefabricating the first reserved joint 7 on the transverse diaphragm 4, the difficulties of large amount of on-site steel reinforcement binding and difficulty in controlling construction quality during traditional transverse diaphragm connection are avoided, simplifying the complexity of the transverse connection structure of concrete T beam. Since the transverse diaphragm 4 has the first reserved joint 7, when connecting the transverse diaphragms 4 of adjacent beams, it is convenient to pour the wet joint 20 of the diaphragm through the first reserved joint 7 of the two transverse diaphragms 4, thereby improving construction efficiency and facilitating the stepless adjustment of the cross slope of the beam and the flange to adapt to the cross slope of the route; wherein, the first reserved joint 7 is formed by the exposed steel cage of the transverse diaphragm 4.
[0074] The side of the top slab 1 has a second reserved joint 8, which facilitates the pouring of the beam-slab wet joint 10 between adjacent top slabs 1 through the second reserved joint 8. The second reserved joint 8 is composed of the exposed steel cage of the top slab 1.
[0075] In this application, when prefabricating uniform cross-section concrete T-beams in the factory, a uniform cross-section automated prefabrication jig is used. The jig consists of two layers, an inner layer made of stainless steel that is tightly bonded to the cast-in-place concrete. Before pouring the concrete, a release agent is applied to the inner layer. After the cast-in-place concrete beam has reached its final set, the mechanized hydraulic jig is opened using a control terminal. After the cast-in-place uniform cross-section concrete T-beam is prefabricated, the concrete diaphragm joints are fabricated. A diaphragm 4 is prefabricated on one side of the side main beam, and diaphragms 4 are prefabricated on both sides of the middle main beam simultaneously. The diaphragm 4 extends 80cm to 90cm beyond the web 2 of the main beam. The diaphragm 4 located at the end of the web 2 has a height of 1.1m and a height of 5cm from the bottom of the beam. The diaphragm 4 located in the middle of the web 2 has a height of 0.6m and a height of 0.9m from the bottom of the beam.
[0076] Example 2
[0077] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment discloses a bridge, including multiple equal-section concrete T-beams as described in Embodiment 1. The equal-section concrete T-beams are spaced apart along the width direction of the bridge. Adjacent top plates 1 are connected by top plate wet joints 20, and adjacent transverse diaphragms 4 are connected by diaphragm wet joints 10.
[0078] In an optional embodiment, a waterproof layer 30 is laid on the top surface of the top slab 1, a concrete pavement layer 40 is laid on the waterproof layer 30, and an asphalt pavement layer 50 is laid on the concrete pavement layer 40.
[0079] In an optional embodiment, the top plate 1 of multiple equal-section concrete T-beams forms the bridge deck, guardrails 60 are provided at both ends of the bridge deck, and a water collection trough 70 is provided on the side of the bridge deck with the lower cross slope.
[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A uniform cross-section concrete T-beam, characterized in that, It includes a top plate (1), a web plate (2) and a bottom plate (3) connected from top to bottom, wherein the top plate (1), the web plate (2) and the bottom plate (3) are all of equal cross-section; It also includes a diaphragm (4), which is spaced apart along the length of the web (2), and there is a first gap (5) between the diaphragm (4) and the top plate (1).
2. A uniform cross-section concrete T-beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse diaphragm (4) includes an end diaphragm (41), a mid-span diaphragm (42), and a middle diaphragm (43). The end diaphragm (41) is located at the end of the web (2), the mid-span diaphragm (42) is located in the middle of the web (2), and the middle diaphragm (43) is spaced between the end diaphragm (41) and the mid-span diaphragm (42). The bottom of the end partition (41) is connected to the bottom plate (3); The cross-section partition (42) and the middle partition (43) have a second gap (6) between them and the bottom plate (3).
3. A uniform cross-section concrete T-beam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end diaphragm (41) is parallel to the beam end; The intermediate partition (43) is parallel to the cross partition (42).
4. A uniform cross-section concrete T-beam according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the diaphragms (4) is provided with a steel cage, which includes stirrups (401) and transverse connecting bars (402), and the transverse connecting bars (402) are arranged circumferentially around the stirrups (401); It also includes embedded parts, which are set in the web (2), and the transverse connecting ribs (402) are connected to the embedded parts.
5. A uniform cross-section concrete T-beam according to claim 4, characterized in that, The embedded component includes a sleeve (91) with both ends extending to the outside of the web (2), and the transverse connecting rib (402) passing through the sleeve (91).
6. A uniform cross-section concrete T-beam according to claim 4, characterized in that, The embedded part includes a threaded sleeve (92), one end of which extends to the outside of the web (2), and one end of the transverse connecting rib (402) is connected to the threaded sleeve (92).
7. A uniform cross-section concrete T-beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse diaphragm (4) is provided on one side of the web (2) or on both sides of the web (2).
8. A uniform cross-section concrete T-beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diaphragm (4) is provided with a first reserved joint (7) at the end away from the web (2); The top plate (1) has a second reserved joint (8) on its side.
9. A bridge, characterized in that, The bridge includes multiple equal-section concrete T-beams as described in any one of claims 1-8. The equal-section concrete T-beams are spaced apart along the width of the bridge. Adjacent top plates (1) are connected by top plate wet joints (20), and adjacent transverse diaphragms (4) are connected by diaphragm wet joints (10).
10. A bridge according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top surface of the top plate (1) is covered with a waterproof layer (30), and a concrete pavement layer (40) is also laid on the waterproof layer (30), and an asphalt pavement layer (50) is laid on the concrete pavement layer (40).