Gas coal dust treatment structure for rapid tunneling of high-gas coal roadway

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-gas coal roadway rapid tunneling gas coal dust treatment structure which comprises a bottom drainage roadway, layer penetrating drill holes, bedding drill holes, a coal roadway, a dust catching net and a ventilation system, the bottom drainage roadway is located at the vertical distance position below the coal roadway and is tightly connected with the bottom of a coal seam, and the layer penetrating drill holes are formed in the two side walls of the bottom drainage roadway. The layer-crossing drill holes are drilled perpendicular to the layer face of the coal seam and extend to the upper portion of the coal seam from the bottom suction roadway, the bedding drill holes are arranged in the coal seam in the tunneling direction of the coal roadway and are parallel to the bedding of the coal seam and are matched with the layer-crossing drill holes, and the dust catching net is arranged in the coal roadway and is close to the rear position of a tunneling working face. The method has the beneficial effects that the diffusion and flying of coal dust in the coal roadway can be effectively inhibited and the underground operation environment can be obviously improved by optimizing and combining key elements such as the bottom drainage roadway, the cross-layer drill hole, the bedding drill hole, the coal roadway, the dust catching net and the ventilation system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal mining technology, and more specifically, to improvements in the control of gas and coal dust. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing depth and intensity of coal mining, the excavation of high-gas coal roadways faces severe challenges. On the one hand, large amounts of gas are released from the coal seam. If not extracted in time, the gas concentration can easily reach the explosive limit, posing a huge hidden danger to coal mine safety and potentially causing catastrophic gas explosions that result in casualties and property damage.

[0003] Traditional gas control methods, such as simple local extraction or ventilation dilution, are often insufficient to meet the rapidly increasing gas emission demands during rapid excavation in high-gas coal roadways, resulting in low extraction efficiency and frequent gas accumulation. Meanwhile, coal dust control relies heavily on simple spraying for dust suppression, which is ineffective and the use of water in spraying can easily cause water accumulation in the roadway, hindering the excavation process. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a gas and coal dust control structure for rapid excavation of high-gas coal roadways. It has the advantages of effectively suppressing the diffusion and flying of coal dust in coal roadways by optimizing the combination of key elements such as bottom drainage roadways, cross-layer drilling, in-layer drilling, coal roadways, dust collection nets and ventilation systems, and significantly improving the underground working environment. This solves the problems of poor coal dust suppression effect and the tendency of water spraying to cause water accumulation in roadways, which hinders the excavation process.

[0005] To achieve the aforementioned advantages of effectively suppressing the diffusion and dispersion of coal dust in coal roadways and significantly improving the underground working environment, the specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: It includes a bottom extraction roadway, cross-layer boreholes, in-seam boreholes, a coal roadway, a dust collection net, and a ventilation system. The bottom extraction roadway is located vertically below the coal roadway and is closely connected to the bottom of the coal seam. Cross-layer boreholes are arranged on its two side walls, drilling perpendicular to the coal seam bedding plane and extending from the bottom extraction roadway to the upper part of the coal seam. The in-seam boreholes are arranged parallel to the coal seam bedding plane along the excavation direction of the coal roadway, cooperating with the cross-layer boreholes. The dust collection net is set in the coal roadway near the rear of the working face.

[0006] Furthermore, the dust collection net is provided with an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer from the inside out. The outer layer is a high-strength metal filter, the middle layer is an electrostatic adsorption fiber filter, and the inner layer is a fine non-woven fabric filter. The dust collection net is fixed to the side walls and top of the coal roadway by an adjustable metal bracket.

[0007] Furthermore, the ventilation system consists of a main ventilator, local ventilators, air ducts, and ventilation regulation facilities. The main ventilator is located in the main ventilation roadways of the mine, while the local ventilators are installed at the entrances of the coal roadways. The air ducts are made of antistatic and flame-retardant flexible materials and are laid along the coal roadways. Their diameter, length, and ventilation volume are determined based on the roadway length, cross-sectional area, and gas emission. The ventilation regulation facilities include air volume regulating valves and airflow guide plates, which are distributed along the air ducts and at key nodes of the ventilation network.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a gas and coal dust control structure for rapid excavation of high-gas coal roadways, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] By organically combining bottom drainage roadways, cross-seam boreholes, and in-seam boreholes, a three-dimensional gas extraction network is constructed, enabling comprehensive gas extraction from different directions and depths within the coal seam. This significantly improves gas extraction efficiency, effectively reduces gas concentration in coal roadways, prevents gas accumulation and explosions, and creates a safe and stable environment for tunneling operations. Furthermore, the extracted gas can be utilized for resource recovery, such as power generation and domestic gas supply, thereby enhancing the economic benefits of coal mining.

[0010] The multi-layered, finely designed dust-collecting net enables graded interception and adsorption of coal dust particles. Combined with the airflow regulation of the ventilation system, it can effectively suppress the spread and flying of coal dust in coal roadways, significantly improve the underground working environment, reduce the risk of workers contracting pneumoconiosis, increase the work comfort and work enthusiasm of workers, and ensure the sustainable and healthy development of coal production.

[0011] Intelligent ventilation optimization ensures safety: The intelligent adjustment mechanism of the ventilation system avoids safety hazards and low production efficiency caused by improper ventilation, providing solid power support for the rapid excavation of high-gas coal roadways. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust collection net 5 of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the ventilation system 6 of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the ventilation system 6 of this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Bottom extraction roadway; 2. Through-layer borehole; 3. Along-layer borehole; 4. Coal roadway; 5. Dust collection net; 6. Ventilation system; 61. Fan; 62. Local ventilation fan; 63. Air duct; 64. Ventilation regulation facility; 51. Outer layer; 52. Middle layer; 53. Inner layer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. These drawings are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are usually used to represent similar components.

[0019] According to an embodiment of this utility model, a gas and coal dust control structure for rapid excavation of high-gas coal roadways is provided.

[0020] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, such as... Figure 1-4 As shown, the gas and coal dust control structure for rapid excavation of high-gas coal roadways according to an embodiment of this utility model includes a bottom extraction roadway 1, cross-layer boreholes 2, in-seam boreholes 3, a coal roadway 4, a dust collection net 5, and a ventilation system 6. The bottom extraction roadway 1 is located vertically below the coal roadway 4 and is closely connected to the bottom of the coal seam. Cross-layer boreholes 2 are arranged on its two side walls, drilling perpendicular to the coal seam surface and extending from the bottom extraction roadway 1 to the upper part of the coal seam. The in-seam boreholes 3 are arranged parallel to the coal seam bedding along the excavation direction of the coal roadway 4, cooperating with the cross-layer boreholes 2. The dust collection net 5 is set in the coal roadway 4 near the rear of the excavation face.

[0021] In one embodiment, the outer layer of the dust collection net 5 is a high-strength metal filter screen used to block larger coal dust particles and prevent them from impacting and damaging subsequent filter screens. The middle layer is an electrostatic adsorption fiber filter screen that uses electrostatic action to adsorb tiny coal dust particles. The inner layer is a fine non-woven fabric filter screen. The dust collection net 5 is fixed to the side walls and top of the coal roadway 4 by adjustable metal brackets.

[0022] In one embodiment, the ventilation system 6 comprises a main ventilator 61, local ventilators 62, a ventilation duct 63, and ventilation regulation facilities 64. The main ventilator 61 is located in the main ventilation roadways of the mine and is responsible for atmospheric circulation and gas dilution throughout the mine. The local ventilators 62 are installed at the entrance of the coal roadway 4 to provide fresh air to the working face, ensuring the breathing needs of the workers and dispersing accumulated gas and coal dust. The ventilation duct 63 is made of antistatic and flame-retardant flexible material and is laid along the coal roadway 4. Its diameter, length, and ventilation volume are precisely calculated and determined based on factors such as roadway length, cross-sectional area, and gas emission. The ventilation regulation facilities 64 include components such as airflow regulating valves and airflow guide plates, distributed along the ventilation duct 63 and at key nodes of the ventilation network. Based on real-time monitoring data such as gas concentration, coal dust concentration, and roadway ventilation resistance, the ventilation volume, wind speed, and airflow direction are dynamically adjusted to ensure optimal ventilation, meeting both safety production requirements and avoiding excessive ventilation that could lead to energy waste and secondary coal dust re-entrainment.

[0023] Working Principle: Before the excavation of coal roadway 4, the ventilation system 6 is activated, with the main ventilation fan 61 and local ventilation fan 62 turned on. The ventilation volume and speed are adjusted to ensure a continuous flow of fresh air into coal roadway 4, diluting the methane concentration and removing harmful gases. Simultaneously, the methane extraction status of the cross-layer borehole 2 and the in-seam borehole 3 in the bottom extraction roadway 1 is checked to ensure the normal operation of the extraction system and to pre-extract methane from the coal seam. As the working face advances, the dust collector 5 continues to function. The filter of the dust collector 5 is checked regularly for blockage; if blockage is found, it is cleaned or replaced promptly. The ventilation system 6 automatically adjusts the ventilation volume, speed, and airflow direction based on real-time monitoring data such as methane concentration, coal dust concentration, and roadway ventilation resistance, ensuring that methane and coal dust are diluted and removed in a timely and efficient manner. Dynamic maintenance is performed on the in-seam borehole 3, cleaning coal slag, accumulated water, and other debris from the borehole as needed to ensure smooth methane flow.

[0024] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixing", "screw connection", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A gas and coal dust control structure for rapid excavation of high-gas coal roadways, characterized in that: It includes a bottom extraction roadway (1), a cross-layer borehole (2), a bedding borehole (3), a coal roadway (4), and a dust trap (5). The bottom extraction roadway (1) is located vertically below the coal roadway (4) and is closely connected to the bottom of the coal seam. Cross-layer boreholes (2) are arranged on its two side walls. The cross-layer boreholes (2) are drilled perpendicular to the coal seam bedding and extend from the bottom extraction roadway (1) to the upper part of the coal seam. The bedding boreholes (3) are arranged parallel to the coal seam bedding along the excavation direction of the coal roadway (4) and cooperate with the cross-layer boreholes (2). The dust trap (5) is set in the coal roadway (4) near the rear of the excavation face.

2. The gas and coal dust control structure for rapid excavation of high-gas coal roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection net (5) is provided with an outer layer (51), a middle layer (52) and an inner layer (53) from the inside to the outside. The outer layer (51) is a high-strength metal filter, the middle layer (52) is an electrostatic adsorption fiber filter, and the inner layer (53) is a fine non-woven fabric filter. The dust collection net (5) is fixed to the side walls and top of the coal roadway (4) by an adjustable metal bracket.

3. The gas and coal dust control structure for rapid excavation of high-gas coal roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a ventilation system (6), which consists of a main ventilator (61), a local ventilator (62), a ventilation duct (63), and ventilation adjustment facilities (64). The main ventilator (61) is located in the main ventilation roadway of the mine. The local ventilator (62) is installed at the entrance of the coal roadway (4). The ventilation duct (63) is made of antistatic and flame-retardant flexible material and is laid along the coal roadway (4). Its diameter, length, and ventilation volume are determined according to the roadway length, cross-sectional area, and gas emission. The ventilation adjustment facilities (64) include air volume regulating valves and airflow guide plates, which are distributed along the ventilation duct (63) and at key nodes of the ventilation network.

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