Multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic test system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic test system, which belongs to the technical field of test and measurement, solves the problems of large occupied space, complicated test and high cost of the existing high-pressure pneumatic test device, and comprises a universal base, a base switching system, an integrated air supply pipeline and a universal protection cabin system, the universal base is installed on the base switching system, and the base switching system limits transverse movement of the universal base. Different test devices are mounted above the universal base in a sliding manner; the integrated air supply pipeline supplies air to the test devices, and the general protection cabin system can be switched to be connected with different test devices. The system provided by the utility model not only improves the flexibility and efficiency of experimental equipment, reduces the cost and space requirements, but also provides a more economical and convenient experimental solution for scientific research institutions and laboratories, and promotes the progress and application of the experimental technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of testing and measurement technology, specifically relating to a multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system. Background Technology

[0002] High-pressure aerodynamic testing devices, such as shock tubes and light gas cannons, are widely used in scientific research and engineering experiments. These devices simulate and study physical phenomena under high-pressure, high-speed flow and impact load conditions, including the dynamic response of materials, aerodynamic properties, and impact physics. These devices play a crucial role in evaluating material strength, aircraft aerodynamic performance, the safety of protective structures, and their performance in high-speed collisions and explosive impacts, driving technological progress and engineering applications in fields such as aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, locomotives, automobiles, construction, and chemical engineering. For example, Chinese patent CN117870936A discloses a fixed support for a shock tube used to simulate explosive waves and its installation method, including a pre-embedded steel plate, a support body, a fixing ring, and a high-pressure mating cylinder. Due to the complex high-pressure gas system, high-strength structural design, and stringent safety measures involved, high-pressure aerodynamic testing devices such as shock tubes and light gas cannons are expensive and have high construction complexity. Chinese patent CN115586088A discloses a multi-functional support system for shock tubes. By installing an extended chessboard and constraint mechanism on existing shock tube equipment, and supplementing it with a sample delivery component, it enables multi-level research on impact load loading of target specimens, from materials to components. However, this multi-dimensional, multi-level research method involves the simultaneous loading of multiple loads, which this patent's device cannot achieve. Chinese patent CN217638810U discloses a shock wave dust secondary explosion experimental device, used to simulate an initial explosion followed by a subsequent dust explosion. This involves multiple high-pressure pneumatic test loadings on a single test object, but its limitation lies in its inability to conduct multiple subsequent explosion tests beyond a second time. Therefore, current high-pressure pneumatic testing devices, if requiring multiple experiments or multiple devices, may need to construct multiple bases, multiple air circuit systems, and multiple protective chambers, resulting in large space requirements, cumbersome testing procedures, and high costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system that solves the problems of existing high-pressure pneumatic testing devices having large space requirements, cumbersome testing procedures, and high costs. It not only improves the flexibility and efficiency of experimental equipment and reduces costs and space requirements, but also provides research institutions and laboratories with a more economical and convenient experimental solution, promoting the advancement and application of testing technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system includes a universal base, a base switching system, an integrated air supply pipeline, and a universal protective chamber system;

[0006] The universal base can simultaneously mount a shock tube and a light gas gun, and consists of two I-beams and upper and lower steel plates for limiting their position. Each I-beam has a groove above it to limit the installation of the track pulleys. A base plate is installed above the track pulleys, and the base plate is used to mount the shock tube test device and the light gas gun test device respectively. The shock tube test device and the light gas gun test device can slide easily on the universal base via the track pulleys, and the test section length of the shock tube and the light gas gun can be easily adjusted.

[0007] The base switching system is a base device that can slide laterally. The universal base is installed on the base switching system and is driven by a drive motor to move laterally. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor, the lateral movement of the universal base in different directions can be controlled for different tests.

[0008] The integrated gas supply pipeline uses multiple high-pressure nitrogen cylinders for simultaneous gas supply. Each high-pressure cylinder uses a high-pressure reducing valve to limit the gas supply pressure, and the gas is centrally supplied to one pipeline through the reducing valve. Finally, valve 4 controls the overall gas circuit switch. During the test, valve 5 or valve 6 can be opened separately to supply gas to the shock tube and light gas gun experimental device. This gas supply system can increase the number of high-pressure cylinders to achieve higher test pressure and more stable gas supply.

[0009] The universal protective chamber system includes a protective chamber with three connecting plates on its sides to accommodate different experimental devices. The protective chamber is a steel structure fastener, and chemical anchors are used to secure it to a concrete foundation to ensure its stability. When using a shock tube high-pressure drive experimental device, connecting plate a is bolted to the experimental protective chamber. Then, a drive motor is used to align the inlet of the shock tube high-pressure drive experimental device with the inlet of the protective chamber. When using a light gas gun high-pressure drive experimental device, connecting plate a is removed, and connecting plates b and c are installed sequentially on the protective chamber. Similarly, a drive motor is used to align the inlet of the light gas gun high-pressure drive experimental device with the inlet of the protective chamber.

[0010] The above-mentioned device can switch between shock tube and light gas gun during use to complete the combined loading of two working conditions.

[0011] Beneficial Effects: This utility model provides a multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system. It employs a stable I-beam structure and upper and lower limiting steel plates to form a universal base, allowing multiple high-pressure driven testing devices to be installed on the same universal base. This effectively solves the problem of excessive floor space required by current high-pressure pneumatic testing devices, reducing space occupancy and installation difficulty, and is suitable for subsequent expansion with multiple devices. The base slide rail adopts an embedded track design, allowing the testing device to move easily along its length using pulleys, improving the convenience of the high-pressure pneumatic testing system. The sliding base design, using a drive motor and force transmission screw, allows for quick switching to different high-pressure driven testing devices, solving the problems of cumbersome high-pressure pneumatic testing operations and the difficulty of conducting multiple tests simultaneously, thus improving experimental efficiency. The universal experimental protective chamber design allows different high-pressure pneumatic testing devices to be conducted within the same protective chamber, allowing the saved funds to be used for improving the safety of the same protective chamber, thereby enhancing the safety of high-pressure pneumatic testing. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a side view of the multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a front view of the multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic test system in this embodiment of the present invention, where a is one side of the high-pressure driven shock tube device and b is one side of the high-pressure driven light gas gun device.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a general base moving device in an embodiment of the present utility model, where a represents the base sliding to the left and b represents the base sliding to the right;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas path connection in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental chamber switching plate in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0017] In the diagram, 1-High-pressure driven shock tube device, 2-High-pressure driven light gas cannon device, 3-Structural connector, 4-Base plate, 5-Rail pulley, 6-Universal base, 7-Horizontal sliding base, 8-Protective cabin switching plate, 9-Protective cabin, 10-Drive motor, 11-Screw, 12-Connecting plate a, 13-Connecting plate b, 14-Connecting plate c. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0019] like Figures 1-3As shown, the multi-functional high-pressure pneumatic testing system consists of 11 components: a high-pressure driven shock tube device 1, a high-pressure driven light air gun device 2, structural connectors 3, a base plate 4, track pulleys 5, a universal base 6, a transverse sliding base 7, a protective chamber switching plate 8, a protective chamber 9, a drive motor 10, and a screw 11. Among them, the shock tube and light air gun device are high-pressure pneumatic testing devices, and other high-pressure pneumatic testing devices can be replaced or added according to the testing requirements.

[0020] The track pulley 5 is made of steel, consisting of an inner bearing and an outer steel ring. It is connected to the bottom of the base plate 4 via interference fit and threaded connection, and placed on the universal base 6. The main structure of the universal base 6 uses I-beams, which have strong bending resistance and can effectively ensure the overall level of the base, resulting in minimal bending deformation. Limiting steel plates are installed above and below the I-beams. Each I-beam has a groove above it to restrict the installation of the track pulley 5. The structural connecting parts 3 are made of high-strength steel and are welded together, connecting the upper experimental device and the lower base plate 4 via bolts. High-strength steel is used because the high-pressure start-up experiment design involves high-pressure impacts that could cause deformation and damage to the steel plates. The universal base 6 is also made of high-strength steel. The manufacturing method involves purchasing steel plates of suitable size and machining concave tracks within the lateral sliding width to restrict the base to only lateral movement.

[0021] like Figure 5 As shown, the protective chamber 9 has three connecting plates on its side to accommodate different experimental devices. The protective chamber 9 is a steel structure fastener made of 20mm thick stainless steel. Because the pressure drops significantly after the high-pressure gas exits the pipe, a slightly weaker metal can be used. To ensure the stability of the protective chamber, chemical anchors are used to fix it to a concrete foundation. The protective chamber switching plate 8 is made of high-strength steel. Connecting plates a12 and b13 use M18 bolts, while connecting plate c14 uses M8 bolts. When using the shock tube high-pressure drive experimental device, connecting plate a12 is bolted to the experimental protective chamber. Then, a drive motor is used to align the port of the shock tube high-pressure drive experimental device with the port of the protective chamber. When using the light gas gun high-pressure drive experimental device, connecting plate a12 is removed, and connecting plates b13 and c14 are installed on the protective chamber. Similarly, a drive motor is used to align the port of the light gas gun high-pressure drive experimental device with the port of the protective chamber 9.

[0022] like Figure 4The gas connection shown uses a national standard high-pressure gas cylinder with a maximum pressure of approximately 13 MPa. A pressure reducing valve of appropriate size must be used to limit the safe pressure according to the test pressure range. Because high-pressure testing requires strict pressure control and poses certain safety hazards, a high-pressure ball valve is used after the pressure reducing valve, allowing the operator to slowly increase the pressure to the predetermined value. The gas circuit uses high-pressure stainless steel tubing for connection. Tees and crosses are used at the connection points to distribute different gas paths. The tees and crosses use metal clamps, pre-stressed and pressed onto the stainless steel tubing to form a highly sealed pipeline.

[0023] A universal base 6 is mounted on the horizontal sliding base 7. A three-phase asynchronous drive motor 10 drives the screw 11 to move the universal base 6 laterally. Given the high speed of the motor, the switching distance of the universal base 6 is relatively small, allowing the use of a lower-speed variable frequency motor to increase output torque and reduce dynamic stress. When the test section is too long, such as exceeding 5 meters, the number of motors should be increased appropriately, and their synchronous operation should be controlled to move the base more smoothly. Due to the need for frequent base switching, a two-way handle switch is used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor.

[0024] Device installation and operation procedures:

[0025] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the multi-functional high-pressure pneumatic testing system consists of 11 components: a high-pressure driven shock tube device 1, a high-pressure driven light air gun device 2, structural connectors 3, a base plate 4, track pulleys 5, a universal base 6, a transverse sliding base 7, a protective chamber switching plate 8, a protective chamber 9, a drive motor 10, and a screw 11. Among them, the shock tube and light air gun device are high-pressure pneumatic testing devices, and other high-pressure pneumatic testing devices can be replaced or added according to the testing requirements.

[0026] The transverse sliding base 7 is the structure connecting the entire experimental device to the ground. Because the working mass of the high-pressure pneumatic test is relatively heavy and the working acceleration is relatively large, a rigid concrete foundation should be poured before installing the transverse sliding base 7. The transverse sliding base 7 is then connected to the rigid concrete foundation through chemical anchors.

[0027] The universal base 6 can be connected by I-beams, and its length is determined according to the length of the test section. It is connected to the transverse sliding base 7 through transverse bearing pulleys.

[0028] The high-pressure driven shock tube device 1, the high-pressure driven light air gun device 2, the structural connector 3, the base plate 4, and the track pulley 5 can be prefabricated and connected as a whole, and connected to the universal base 6 through the grooved track to complete the overall installation.

[0029] Experimental procedure for the apparatus:

[0030] This embodiment demonstrates the combined loading condition of a high-pressure driven light gas gun and a shock tube load. The working process is as follows:

[0031] A carbon fiber reinforced composite target plate was used as the target for loading the sample. The sample size was 300mm×300mm×8mm. It was fixed in a prefabricated tooling in the protective chamber 9 using a four-point fixing method.

[0032] a. Shock tube test conditions: When using the high-voltage driven shock tube device 1 for testing, firstly, the connecting plate a12 should be connected to the protective chamber 9 by bolts. Secondly, push the track pulley 5 to move the high-voltage driven shock tube device 1 above closer to the connecting plate a12, and use bolts to connect the high-voltage driven shock tube device 1 to the connecting plate a12.

[0033] The shock tube device consists of a high-pressure section, a diffusion section, and a low-pressure section. Before injecting high-pressure gas, an aluminum diaphragm is sandwiched between the high-pressure section and the diffusion section and secured with bolts. Next, high-pressure nitrogen is injected into the high-pressure section. The nitrogen will break through the aluminum diaphragm under a certain pressure and be injected into the diffusion section, then reach the low-pressure section, and finally reach the protective experimental chamber to apply a high-pressure load to the test target plate.

[0034] b. Light air gun test conditions: When conducting the test loading of the high-pressure driven light air gun, the connecting plate a12 between the shock tube device 1 and the protective test chamber 9 must be quickly removed. Then, the drive motor 10 is started to push the screw 11. Since the screw 11 is fixed on the universal base and connected to the transversely movable base 7, the motor eventually drives the transversely movable base 7 to move laterally, aligning the connecting pipe port of the test protective chamber 9 with the muzzle of the high-pressure driven light air gun device 2.

[0035] The following describes the connection between the high-pressure driven light air cannon device 2 and the protective cabin. For example... Figure 5 As shown, connecting plates b13 and c14 are connected to the protective hatch in sequence using bolts. Connecting plate c14 has a small diameter and is suitable for small-diameter light air cannon equipment, similar to shock tube equipment. The light air cannon device is connected to connecting plate c14 using bolts and secured with bolts.

[0036] The light gas cannon device consists of a high-pressure gas chamber, a membrane-breaking chamber, and a cannon barrel. Before the experiment begins, an aluminum diaphragm and a projectile are pressed into the membrane-breaking chamber. Then, high-pressure gas is injected into the high-pressure gas chamber. Under a certain pressure, the high-pressure gas breaks through the aluminum diaphragm and pushes the projectile into the cannon barrel to carry out high-speed penetration impact on the test target plate, thus completing the combined loading of two working conditions.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system, characterized in that, It includes a universal base, a base switching system, an integrated air supply pipeline, and a universal protective chamber system; the universal base is installed on the base switching system, and the base switching system restricts the lateral movement of the universal base; different test devices are slidably installed on top of the universal base; the integrated air supply pipeline supplies air to the test devices; and the universal protective chamber system can be switched to connect with different test devices.

2. The multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The universal base consists of two I-beams and upper and lower steel plates for limiting their position; the two I-beams are placed in parallel and fixed and limited by the upper and lower steel plates.

3. The multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each I-beam has a groove above it to restrict the installation of the track pulleys. A base plate is installed above the track pulleys. The base plate is used to install the shock tube test device and the light gas gun test device respectively. The shock tube test device and the light gas gun test device slide on the general base via the track pulleys.

4. The multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base switching system is a base device that can slide laterally.

5. The multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, A drive motor is used to drive the universal base to move laterally on the base switching system; by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor, the lateral movement of the universal base in different directions can be controlled.

6. The multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated gas supply pipeline uses multiple high-pressure nitrogen cylinders to supply gas simultaneously. Each high-pressure cylinder uses a high-pressure pressure reducing valve to limit the gas supply pressure, and the gas is supplied to one pipeline through a pressure reducing valve. Finally, the valve controls the overall gas circuit switch. During the test, the valve on the pipeline of the shock tube test device or the light gas gun test device is opened separately to supply gas to the shock tube test device or the light gas gun test device.

7. The multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The integrated gas supply pipeline increases the number of high-pressure gas cylinders to achieve higher test pressure and a more stable gas supply.

8. The multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The universal protective chamber system includes a protective chamber, the sides of which are equipped with three connecting plates to accommodate the connection between different test devices and the protective chamber.

9. The multifunctional high-pressure pneumatic testing system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The protective cabin is a steel structure fastener.

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