Shell structure of liquid-cooled motor

Abstract

A shell structure of a liquid cooling motor comprises a shell, an inner spiral rib is arranged on the outer side of the shell, a water cooling sleeve wrapping the inner spiral rib is further arranged on the outer side of the shell in a sealed and sleeved mode, a cavity between the water cooling sleeve and the inner spiral rib forms a spiral water channel, and the head end and the tail end of the spiral water channel form a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end respectively. The water cooling sleeve is provided with a liquid inlet communicated with the liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet communicated with the liquid outlet end, and is further provided with a fluid flow guide barrier connected to the inner spiral rib, and the fluid flow guide barrier is arranged on the side, away from the liquid inlet direction, of the liquid inlet end. The cross sectional area of the liquid inlet and the cross sectional area of the liquid outlet are 80%-120% of the cross sectional area of liquid passing of the spiral water channel. According to the utility model, the cooling liquid can be prevented from being partially shunted from the liquid inlet end, so that the shunted cooling liquid is prevented from reversely flowing for a short distance, immediately turning by 180 degrees and flowing into the next flow channel, the consistency and continuity of the flowing direction of the cooling liquid are ensured, the hydraulic pressure in the water channel is maintained at a lower value level, and the pressure gradient between the inlet and the outlet is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of liquid cooling technology for motors, and in particular to a housing structure for a liquid-cooled motor. Background Technology

[0002] During motor operation, electrical and mechanical losses generate a significant amount of heat, causing various parts of the motor to heat up. Excessive temperatures can lead to dangerous conditions such as insulation failure in the motor windings, decreased magnetic permeability of the silicon steel sheets, and demagnetization of the permanent magnets. Therefore, motor cooling is necessary. Motor cooling methods are mainly divided into two types: air cooling and water cooling. Water cooling offers superior cooling performance, allowing the motor to output higher power at the same cost, or requiring less material and lowering costs for the same power output. Furthermore, water-cooled motors are quieter than air-cooled motors, making them widely used across various industries.

[0003] Currently, the most commonly used water-cooled motor housings are axial water channel housings and spiral water channel housings. Axial water channel housings have a smaller water channel coverage area, lower heat dissipation efficiency, and a more complex structure, making them inconvenient to manufacture. While spiral water channel housings offer good cooling performance, the coolant splits after entering the water channel, resulting in a higher hydraulic pressure within the water channel and a high pressure gradient between the inlet and outlet. There is currently no good solution to this problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a housing structure for a liquid-cooled motor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A housing structure for a liquid-cooled motor includes a housing with an inner spiral rib on its outer side. A water-cooling jacket, which encloses the inner spiral rib, is also sealed on the outer side of the housing. The cavity between the water-cooling jacket and the inner spiral rib forms a spiral water channel. The two ends of the spiral water channel form a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, respectively. The water-cooling jacket has an inlet communicating with the liquid inlet and an outlet communicating with the liquid outlet. The inner spiral rib also has a fluid guiding grid, which is located on the side of the liquid inlet facing away from the liquid inlet direction. The cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet and outlet is 80-120% of the liquid-passing cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral water channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the liquid outlet is located at an extension of 50 to 500 mm from the liquid outlet end along the liquid outlet direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the housing has mounting bosses at both ends, the inner spiral rib is located between the two mounting bosses, and the inner spiral rib is coaxially arranged with the two mounting bosses. The two ends of the water cooling jacket are respectively sealed and connected to the two mounting bosses.

[0009] Furthermore, the fluid guide grid is vertically disposed on the side of the mounting boss located at the same end, near the mounting boss at the other end.

[0010] Furthermore, the cross-sectional areas of the inlet and outlet are equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral waterway.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameters of the inlet and outlet are 10–57 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the liquid inlet and liquid outlet are provided with connecting cylinders extending outward, and the liquid inlet shown is located at the end near the winding inlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the inner spiral rib is 2 to 30 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the water-cooling jacket, inner spiral ribs, and fluid guide grid are made of any one of three materials: steel, aluminum, or copper.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] 1. The present invention proposes a housing structure for a liquid-cooled motor, comprising a housing, an inner spiral rib on the outer side of the housing, and a water-cooling jacket that encloses the inner spiral rib on the outer side of the housing. The cavity between the water-cooling jacket and the inner spiral rib forms a spiral water channel. The two ends of the spiral water channel form an inlet and an outlet, respectively. The water-cooling jacket has an inlet port that connects to the inlet port and an outlet port that connects to the outlet port. It also has a fluid guiding grid connected to the inner spiral rib, and the fluid guiding grid is located on the side of the inlet port away from the inlet direction. This invention features a spiral water channel for coolant to flow through the entire outer side of the casing. During its flow, the coolant carries away heat from the casing and exits through the outlet. The spiral water channel increases the contact area between the coolant and the motor components, while also providing better water flow, achieving efficient cooling. This allows the motor to dissipate heat more effectively, improving motor performance and lifespan. The fluid guide grid prevents partial diversion of the coolant from the inlet, thus avoiding the diverted coolant from immediately turning 180 degrees and flowing into the next channel after a short reverse flow. This ensures consistent and continuous coolant flow direction, optimizes fluid dynamics, and maintains the hydraulic pressure within the water channel at a relatively consistent low level. The overall structure is simple, easy to process, and has low manufacturing costs.

[0017] 2. The housing structure of the liquid-cooled motor proposed in this utility model has a liquid inlet and outlet cross-sectional area that is 80-120% of the liquid flow cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral water channel, at which point the pressure gradient between the inlet and outlet is low.

[0018] 3. The housing structure of the liquid-cooled motor proposed in this utility model has the liquid outlet located at an extension of 50-500mm from the liquid outlet end along the liquid outlet direction. This allows the coolant on both sides of the tail end of the inner spiral rib to merge and flow towards the liquid outlet. Compared with the design of adding an intercepting strip to the tail end of the inner spiral rib and then having the liquid outlet position corresponding to the liquid outlet end, this design eliminates the process cost of setting the intercepting strip while achieving the same effect.

[0019] 4. The housing structure of the liquid-cooled motor proposed in this utility model has a connecting cylinder extending outward from the liquid inlet and liquid outlet, which facilitates the entry and exit of coolant. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the casing;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a water-cooled jacket;

[0025] In the figure, 10 is the housing; 101 is the inner spiral rib; 102 is the fluid guide grid; 103 is the first mounting boss; 104 is the second mounting boss; 20 is the water cooling jacket; 201 is the liquid inlet; 202 is the liquid outlet; 203 is the connecting cylinder; 30 is the spiral water channel; 301 is the liquid inlet end; and 302 is the liquid outlet end. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following is combined Figure 1-4 This utility model will be described in detail.

[0027] A housing structure for a liquid-cooled motor includes a housing 10. The housing 10 has an inner spiral rib 101 on its outer side. A water-cooling jacket 20, which encloses the inner spiral rib 101, is also sealed on the outer side of the housing 10. The cavity between the water-cooling jacket 20 and the inner spiral rib 101 forms a spiral water channel 30. The two ends of the spiral water channel 30 form an inlet end 301 and an outlet end 302, respectively. The water-cooling jacket 20 has an inlet port 201 connecting to the inlet end 301 and an outlet port 202 connecting to the outlet end 302. The inner spiral rib 101 also has a fluid guiding grid 102, which is located on the side of the inlet end 301 opposite to the inlet direction. The cross-sectional areas of the inlet port 201 and the outlet port 202 are 80-120% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral water channel 30.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, the liquid cooling is oil cooling, and oil is used as the coolant. The position of the inlet 201 is aligned with the position of the inlet end 301. By setting a spiral water channel 30 for the coolant to flow through the entire outer side of the housing 10, the coolant enters from the inlet 201, carries away the heat of the housing 10 during the flow process, and flows out from the outlet 202. The spiral water channel 30 increases the contact area between the coolant and the motor components, and at the same time provides better water flow, achieving a highly efficient cooling effect, enabling the motor to dissipate heat more effectively, and improving motor performance and lifespan.

[0029] In fluid mechanics, the principle that pressure 1 multiplied by area 1 equals pressure 2 multiplied by area 2 is based on Pascal's law and the fundamental principles of fluid statics. This principle can be expressed as: P1 × A1 = P2 × A2, where P1 and P2 are the pressures of the fluid at two different points, and A1 and A2 are the areas of the fluid action at these two points.

[0030] Based on the fundamental laws of fluid dynamics, fluids always flow from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas until pressure equilibrium is reached. The coolant is driven into the water channels by an external coolant circulator, with the inlet pressure greater than the outlet pressure.

[0031] When coolant enters the spiral channel, in the existing conventional design, i.e., without the fluid guide baffle 102, a large amount of coolant changes its flow direction from a circumferential flow along the wall to a spiral motion along the spiral channel, while a small amount of coolant continues to flow circumferentially along the wall. This change in flow direction causes flow separation, leading to greater energy loss. The energy loss caused by coolant flow separation is the largest energy loss inside the casing, thus requiring higher pressure to ensure normal coolant flow. Therefore, this embodiment specifically includes the fluid guide baffle 102 to avoid energy loss due to flow separation.

[0032] Specifically, without the fluid guide baffle 102, the coolant would split into two streams flowing in opposite directions after entering from the inlet 201. The fluid guide baffle 102 prevents the coolant from being partially diverted from the inlet 301, ensuring that the coolant only flows down along the inner spiral rib 101. This prevents the diverted coolant from flowing in the opposite direction for a short distance and then immediately turning 180 degrees and flowing into the next channel, thus keeping the hydraulic pressure in the water channel at a relatively consistent low level.

[0033] When the coolant enters the water channel from the inlet 201, according to conventional design, the flow cross-sectional area undergoes a sudden change from small to large, which will lead to a decrease in velocity and an increase in pressure. Therefore, the cross-sectional areas of the inlet 201 and the outlet 202 are 80-120% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral water channel 30. This can reduce the pressure increase caused by the sudden pressure change and keep the pressure gradient between the inlet and outlet low.

[0034] In this embodiment, the outlet 202 is located 50-500 mm behind the outlet end 302 along the outlet direction. Specifically, the outlet 202 is located 130 mm behind the outlet end 302 along the outlet direction. This arrangement allows the coolant on both sides of the tail end of the inner spiral rib 101 to merge and flow towards the outlet 202. Compared to the design of adding an intercepting baffle to the tail end of the inner spiral rib 101 and then positioning the outlet 202 corresponding to the outlet end 302, this arrangement eliminates the process cost of adding the intercepting baffle while achieving the same effect. Moreover, this arrangement can reduce energy loss caused by changes in the flow direction.

[0035] In this embodiment, the housing 10 has mounting bosses at both ends, and an inner spiral rib 101 is located between the two mounting bosses, with the inner spiral rib 101 coaxially arranged with the two mounting bosses. The two ends of the water cooling jacket 20 are respectively sealed and connected to the two mounting bosses. Specifically, the mounting boss near the liquid inlet end 301 is the first mounting boss 103, and the mounting boss near the liquid outlet end 302 is the second mounting boss 104. The thickness of the water cooling jacket 20 plus the outer diameter of the second mounting boss 104 equals the outer diameter of the first mounting boss 103. One end of the water cooling jacket 20 is sealed and connected to the side of the first mounting boss 103 near the second mounting boss 104, and the other end of the water cooling jacket 20 is sealed and connected to the outer wall of the second mounting boss 104.

[0036] In this embodiment, the fluid guide barrier 102 is vertically disposed on the side of the mounting boss located at the same end, near the mounting boss at the other end. Specifically, the fluid guide barrier 102 is vertically disposed on the side of the first mounting boss 103 near the second mounting boss 104.

[0037] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional areas of the inlet 201 and outlet 202 are equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral waterway 30, at which point the inlet and outlet pressure gradient is minimized.

[0038] In this embodiment, the diameters of the inlet 201 and the outlet 202 are 10–57 mm. Specifically, the diameters of the inlet 201 and the outlet 202 are 15 mm.

[0039] In this embodiment, a connecting cylinder 203 extends outward from the liquid inlet 201 and the liquid outlet 202, and the liquid inlet 201 is located near the winding inlet. Specifically, the connecting cylinder 203 facilitates the inflow and outflow of coolant.

[0040] In this embodiment, the thickness of the inner spiral rib 101 is 2-30 mm. Specifically, the thickness of the inner spiral rib 101 is 8 mm; the thickness of the inner spiral rib 101 gradually decreases from the beginning and end to the end; the thickness of the main body of the inner spiral rib 101 (the middle section other than the beginning and end) is consistent and greater than the thickness of the beginning and end.

[0041] In this embodiment, the water-cooling jacket 20, the inner spiral rib 101, and the fluid guide grid 102 are made of any one of steel, aluminum, or copper. A sealed water channel structure is formed between the water-cooling jacket 20 and the housing 10 through processes such as heat fitting, cold pressing, welding, and the installation of sealing strips. Steel, aluminum, or copper, as metals, have the property of thermal expansion and contraction. When a metal is heated, the thermal motion between its atoms or molecules intensifies, causing the metal volume to expand; conversely, when a metal cools, the thermal motion between atoms or molecules slows down, causing the metal volume to contract. This phenomenon is called thermal expansion. Utilizing the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, heating causes the water-cooling jacket 20 to expand, temporarily changing the original interference fit or transition fit into a clearance fit, allowing the water-cooling jacket 20 to be smoothly fitted. Then, the two ends of the water-cooling jacket 20 are welded to the side where the two mounting bosses are close to each other, and sealing strips and other components are installed to enhance the sealing performance. Alternatively, other common sealing connection methods in this field can be used. The housing 10, the inner spiral rib 101, and the fluid guide grid 102 are integrated by welding or machining. The overall production process is simple and easy to mass-produce.

[0042] The working principle of the housing structure of the liquid-cooled motor proposed in this utility model is as follows:

[0043] The coolant enters the inlet end 301 of the spiral water channel 30 from the inlet port 201, and then flows in the spiral water channel 30 along the only inlet direction. Finally, the coolant flows out of the spiral water channel 30 from the outlet end 302, and after flowing a certain distance, it reaches the outlet 202 and flows out from the outlet 202.

[0044] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A housing structure for a liquid-cooled motor, characterized in that, The device includes a housing with an inner spiral rib on its outer side. A water-cooling jacket, which surrounds the inner spiral rib, is also sealed on the outer side of the housing. The cavity between the water-cooling jacket and the inner spiral rib forms a spiral water channel. The two ends of the spiral water channel form an inlet and an outlet, respectively. The water-cooling jacket has an inlet connecting to the inlet and an outlet connecting to the outlet. A fluid guide grid is also provided connected to the inner spiral rib, and the fluid guide grid is located on the side of the inlet facing away from the inlet direction. The cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet and outlet is 80-120% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral water channel.

2. The housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid outlet is located at an extension of 50 to 500 mm from the liquid outlet end along the liquid outlet direction.

3. The housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing has mounting bosses at both ends, and the inner spiral rib is located between the two mounting bosses. The inner spiral rib is coaxial with the two mounting bosses, and the two ends of the water cooling jacket are respectively sealed and connected to the two mounting bosses.

4. The housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fluid guide grid is vertically disposed on the side of the mounting boss located at the same end, near the mounting boss at the other end.

5. The housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional areas of the inlet and outlet are equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral waterway.

6. The housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The diameters of the inlet and outlet are 10–57 mm.

7. The housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet are provided with connecting cylinders extending outwards, and the inlet shown is located at the end near the winding inlet.

8. The housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the inner spiral rib is 2 to 30 mm.

9. The housing structure of a liquid-cooled motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water-cooling jacket, inner spiral ribs, and fluid guide grid are made of any one of three materials: steel, aluminum, or copper.

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