Threshing cylinder of combine harvester

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical structures, and particularly relates to a threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, which comprises a spiral feeding head, a mounting tail plate and a plurality of threshing components. The mounting tail plate and the spiral feeding head are coaxially arranged, all the threshing assemblies are arranged at equal intervals based on the circumference, and the two ends of each set of threshing assembly are perpendicularly and fixedly connected with the spiral feeding head and the mounting tail plate respectively; a roller sealing plate is installed between every two adjacent threshing assemblies in a sealed mode, and the spiral feeding head, the installation tail plate, all the threshing assemblies and the roller sealing plates are matched to form a columnar closed cavity. According to the technical scheme, the threshing link of the combine harvester is optimized, the accuracy, the high efficiency and the stability of threshing of the combine harvester are improved from two key angles of reducing loss and avoiding winding and missing threshing, the combine harvester can play a better role when used for threshing crops such as soybeans and broad beans, and the threshing efficiency of the combine harvester is improved. And a better operation effect is output.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to mechanical structure technical field, concretely relates to a threshing cylinder of combine harvester. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of agricultural mechanization, small and medium-sized full feeding combine harvester plays a vital role, and it is widely used in the harvesting operation of rice, wheat and other crops, which greatly improves the agricultural production efficiency. At present, this kind of harvester is mainly equipped with open type spike threshing cylinder, such as the Chinese patent document with the application number 2016207211648 discloses a spline connector assembly type threshing cylinder device, which adopts the open type spike threshing cylinder structure. This design shows many obvious advantages when dealing with rice and wheat threshing tasks. The plant morphology, grain structure and physical properties of rice and wheat crops are highly compatible with the working mechanism of open type spike threshing cylinder, so that the threshing process is efficient and the threshing rate is high, which can meet the quality requirements of most farmers for rice and wheat harvesting.

[0003] However, with the diversified development of agricultural planting structure, farmers begin to plant soybeans, beans and other legume crops on a large scale. When using the existing small and medium-sized full feeding combine harvester equipped with open type spike threshing cylinder to harvest these legume crops, problems gradually emerge. Mainly because soybeans and beans have stronger stems than rice and wheat, and the toughness of the pods is stronger, and the way of grain attachment in the pods is more complex. Due to the inherent characteristics of the spike structure and operation mode of the open type spike threshing cylinder, the following defects often exist when dealing with such crops:

[0004] 1) The beans will enter the space range surrounded by all the threshing components, and under the action of impact force generated by threshing and cylinder rotation, the beans are easy to pop out from the inside of the threshing cylinder to the screen plate on the periphery of the threshing cylinder, resulting in bean breakage and difficult to be effectively collected, eventually causing the loss of crops.

[0005] 2) Single set of threshing components are independently installed without effective protection and structural design, which are easy to be entangled on the threshing components. Once entangled, on the one hand, it will increase the resistance of the rotation of the threshing components, affect the normal operation of the threshing cylinder, and increase the energy consumption of the equipment; on the other hand, the entangled plants will cover part of the threshing components, so that the crops cannot fully contact with the threshing components for threshing, thereby causing the phenomenon of missing threshing, that is, part of the pods and other crops are not successfully threshed but are discharged with the residues, which reduces the quality and efficiency of threshing.

[0006] 3) It is easy to cause the damage of beans, which seriously affects the quality of harvested legume crops, cannot meet the market demand for high quality legume products, and also causes economic loss to farmers.

[0007] Therefore, it is urgent to improve the threshing device of the existing small and medium-sized full-feed combine harvester to adapt to the harvesting requirements of different crops. SUMMARY

[0008] The utility model discloses to the above prior art exists the shortage, propose a kind of threshing cylinder of combine harvester, optimize the threshing link of combine harvester, from two key angles of reducing loss and avoiding entanglement and leakage, improve the accuracy, efficiency and stability of combine harvester threshing, so that combine harvester can better play a role when facing soybean, pea and other crops threshing operation, output more optimal operation effect.

[0009] The above object is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0010] A kind of threshing cylinder of combine harvester, including spiral feeding head, mounting tail plate and several threshing components;Mounting tail plate is coaxially arranged with spiral feeding head, all threshing components are based on equidistantly arranged in circumference, and the two ends of each set of threshing components are vertically fixedly connected with spiral feeding head and mounting tail plate respectively;Roller sealing plate is sealingly installed between every adjacent two sets of threshing components, and spiral feeding head, mounting tail plate and all threshing components and roller sealing plate cooperate to form a cylindrical closed cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the threshing component is provided with six sets.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a power transmission center shaft coaxially arranged with the spiral feeding head, and the two ends of the power transmission center shaft are fixedly connected with the spiral feeding head and the mounting tail plate respectively.

[0013] Preferably, a width plate is coaxially arranged between the spiral feeding head and the mounting tail plate, and the edges of all the threshing components are fixedly connected with the width plate.

[0014] Preferably, the threshing component includes a threshing rod, a plurality of threshing teeth are spaced apart along the axial direction of the threshing rod, and the two ends of the threshing rod are fixedly connected with the spiral feeding head and the mounting tail plate through connecting seats.

[0015] Preferably, mounting seats are spaced apart along the axial direction on both sides of the threshing rod, mounting holes are formed in the mounting seats, and a bolt member is connected with the mounting seat through the mounting hole, so that the roller sealing plate is fixedly connected with the threshing rod.

[0016] Preferably, in the range of 1 / 2 or 1 / 3 of the front end of the threshing component, adjacent two threshing teeth are taken as a group, and a flexible threshing block is fixedly arranged on each group of threshing teeth.

[0017] Preferably, the flexible threshing block is made of polyurethane, rubber, TPE or PVC soft material.

[0018] The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1) Columnar closed cavity design: the columnar closed cavity composed of the spiral feeding head, the mounting tail plate, the threshing assembly and the drum sealing plate can constrain the beans so that they are discharged according to the predetermined channel, greatly reducing the loss of crops. At the same time, the columnar closed cavity can limit the activity space of the plants, reduce the entanglement, avoid the leakage, and improve the threshing quality.

[0020] 2) Optimization of the layout and connection of the threshing assembly: six sets of threshing assemblies are arranged at equal intervals in the circumference, which not only prevents the influence of over-density on the material flow, but also ensures the threshing area and optimizes the columnar closed cavity shape and stability. Unlike the single set of independent installation of the open type spike threshing drum, the two ends of the new scheme assembly are fixed vertically with the spiral feeding head and the mounting tail plate, and are connected with the edge of the width plate, thereby enhancing the structural integrity and ensuring stable operation when processing thick crops.

[0021] 3) Application of flexible threshing block: the flexible threshing block made of soft materials such as polyurethane is arranged in the range of 1 / 2 or 1 / 3 of the front end of the threshing assembly. Compared with the traditional single spike flexible scheme, it has a large contact area and a long service life, can reduce the impact force of the spike, meet the demand for high-quality beans, and can also rub and twist the crops to improve the threshing quality.

[0022] 4) Optimization of the threshing rod and connection details: the two ends of the threshing rod are fixed with the spiral feeding head and the mounting tail plate through the connecting seat, and the two side mounting seats are connected with the drum sealing plate through bolts, thereby strengthening the integrity of the components, maintaining the sealing of the cavity, ensuring the stability of the threshing operation, and being superior to the connection mode of the open type spike threshing drum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a threshing drum of a combine harvester;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local split structure of a threshing drum of a combine harvester.

[0025] Among them:

[0026] 1, spiral feeding head; 2, mounting tail plate; 3, drum sealing plate; 4, columnar closed cavity; 5, threshing assembly; 5.1, threshing rod; 5.2, threshing tooth; 5.3, connecting seat; 5.4, flexible threshing block; 6, mounting seat; 7, mounting hole; 8, bolt; 9, width plate; 10, power transmission center shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely represents a selection of embodiments of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0030] In the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "fitting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] The embodiment discloses a threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, as a preferred embodiment of the technical solution, as shown in the figure, comprising a spiral feeding head 1, a mounting tail plate 2 and a plurality of threshing assemblies 5. Figure 1 The spiral feeding head 1 receives the initial part of the crops of the entire threshing cylinder, is responsible for orderly conveying the crops such as soybeans and kidney beans to be threshed to the position of the subsequent threshing assembly 5, and plays a key role in guiding the material into the entire threshing process.

[0033] The spiral feeding head 1 receives the initial part of the crops of the entire threshing cylinder, is responsible for orderly conveying the crops such as soybeans and kidney beans to be threshed to the position of the subsequent threshing assembly 5, and plays a key role in guiding the material into the entire threshing process.

[0034] The mounting tail plate 2 is coaxially arranged with the spiral feeding head 1, serves as a fixed support structure at the other end of the threshing assembly 5, cooperates with the spiral feeding head 1 to provide a stable mounting basis for the threshing assembly 5, and guarantees the stability of the overall structure of the threshing cylinder. The coaxial design guarantees the stability of the entire structure during operation and the conveying and subsequent processing of the crops along the reasonable axial direction.

[0035] All threshing assemblies 5 are arranged equidistantly based on the circumference, uniformly distributed between the spiral feeding head 1 and the mounting tail plate 2, and constitute the core working area of threshing, directly participating in the threshing operation of crops. All threshing assemblies 5 cooperate with each other to complete the threshing task. The two ends of each set of threshing assembly 5 are vertically fixedly connected with the spiral feeding head 1 and the mounting tail plate 2, which not only ensures the firmness of the installation of the threshing assembly 5, so that it can maintain stability under high-speed operation and other working conditions, but also ensures the regularity of the whole structure, which is conducive to the smooth rotation of the threshing cylinder.

[0036] The present technical solution is sealed between each adjacent two sets of threshing assemblies 5 and is provided with a cylinder sealing plate 3, which fills the gap between adjacent threshing assemblies 5. Thus, the spiral feeding head 1, the mounting tail plate 2, all threshing assemblies 5 and the cylinder sealing plate 3 cooperate to form a cylindrical closed cavity 4.

[0037] Based on the above structure, during the threshing process, when the spiral feeding head 1 delivers soybeans, peas and other crops to the position of the threshing assembly 5, the threshing assembly 5 will exert force on the crops to thresh them. At this time, based on the structural design of the cylindrical closed cavity 4 of the present technical solution, the closed cavity is like a “protective shell” that isolates the beans outside the threshing cylinder, reducing the impact force of the beans and the influence of the cylinder rotation generated by the threshing, thereby effectively avoiding unnecessary losses. For crop harvesting operations, reducing losses is directly related to the yield and economic benefits of farmers. Especially for crops like soybeans and peas, which have relatively small particles and are prone to rolling and flying, this design to prevent ejection is particularly important, which can improve the completeness rate of crop harvesting and ensure the yield of agricultural products.

[0038] In addition, based on the structure of the cylindrical closed cavity 4 of the present technical solution, since the cylinder sealing plate 3 is sealingly fixedly connected with the threshing assembly 5, there is no gap between the structures, which realizes effective protection of the threshing assembly 5 and greatly avoids the occurrence of the situation that the crop plants are entangled with the threshing assembly 5. Specifically: by limiting the ejection space of the beans, improving the separation efficiency of the beans, and limiting the activity range of the plants, the plants complete the threshing process in a relatively regular space, reducing the possibility of irregular entanglement with the threshing assembly 5, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the threshing work, and helping to improve the overall performance of the combine harvester, making the threshing more thorough and clean.

[0039] Although the present disclosure mainly refers to soybeans and peas, but from the structural features and functional principles, it also has certain applicability to the threshing of other crops with similar particle shape, easy to fly and prone to plant entanglement, which widens the application range of the combine harvester and has good market promotion prospects.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The embodiment discloses a threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, which is a preferred embodiment of the technical solution, i.e., based on embodiment 1, and further comprises a force transmission center shaft 10 coaxially arranged with the spiral feeding head 1, which plays a crucial role in force transmission in the technical solution. The two ends of the force transmission center shaft 10 are fixedly connected with the spiral feeding head 1 and the mounting tail plate 2 respectively, forming a stable force transmission path. When the threshing cylinder is in operation, the driving force applied by an external power source is uniformly transmitted to the entire threshing cylinder structure through the force transmission center shaft 10, ensuring the coordinated operation of the components. It not only ensures the synchronization of the spiral feeding head 1, the threshing assembly 5 and the mounting tail plate 2 during high-speed rotation, avoiding problems such as component shaking and misalignment caused by uneven stress, but also provides additional structural support for the entire threshing cylinder, enhancing the overall stability and enabling smooth and efficient threshing operation.

[0042] Embodiment 3

[0043] The embodiment discloses a threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, which is a preferred embodiment of the technical solution, i.e., based on embodiment 1 or 2, and has a web plate 9 coaxially arranged between the spiral feeding head 1 and the mounting tail plate 2, and the number of web plates 9 can be set according to the axial size adaptability of the threshing cylinder. All the threshing assemblies 5 are fixedly connected with the edges of the web plate 9, so that the threshing assemblies 5 obtain additional force points in the length direction. When the threshing cylinder rotates at high speed and performs threshing operation, the web plate 9 can effectively share the stress borne by the threshing assemblies 5, preventing problems such as bending deformation caused by excessive length. For example, when a large amount of crops is processed and high-intensity operation is performed for a long time, the support of the web plate 9 can ensure that the threshing assemblies 5 always maintain a good working state, further ensuring the stability of the structure of the threshing assemblies 5 and ensuring the continuous and stable development of the threshing work.

[0044] Embodiment 4

[0045] The embodiment discloses a threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, which is a preferred embodiment of the technical solution, i.e., based on embodiment 1, 2 or 3, and the threshing assembly 5 comprises a threshing rod 5.1, and a plurality of threshing teeth 5.2 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the threshing rod 5.1, and these threshing teeth 5.2 are key parts for realizing crop threshing. When the threshing cylinder rotates, the threshing assembly 5 rotates at high speed with the spiral feeding head 1, and the threshing teeth 5.2, by virtue of their rod-shaped appearance and high-speed impact force, perform operations such as beating and rubbing on the crops entering the threshing area, promoting the rupture of bean pods and the separation of seeds.

[0046] The two ends of the threshing rod 5.1 are fixedly connected with the screw feeding head 1 and the mounting tail plate 2 through the connecting seats 5.3 respectively, which not only ensures the stability of the installation of the threshing rod 5.1 and makes it keep the position unchanged under high-speed rotation and strong impact, but also facilitates disassembly and maintenance. Once the threshing teeth 5.2 appear wear and tear, the threshing rod 5.1 can be replaced in time to ensure the continuity and efficiency of the entire threshing operation.

[0047] Embodiment 5

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the technical scheme, the embodiment discloses a threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, which is based on embodiment 4, and the two sides of the threshing rod 5.1 are respectively provided with mounting seats 6 in the axial direction, mounting holes 7 are formed in the mounting seats 6, and bolt members 8 are matched with the mounting seats 6 through the mounting holes 7, so that the cylinder sealing plate 3 is fixedly connected with the threshing rod 5.1. This connection design further strengthens the integrity between the cylinder sealing plate 3 and the threshing assembly 5, ensures that the cylinder sealing plate 3 can tightly adhere to the threshing rod 5.1 during the threshing process, maintains the sealing property of the columnar sealed cavity 4, effectively prevents the problems such as bean ejection and crop plant entanglement, and provides a solid guarantee for stable and efficient threshing operation. In addition, this structure design also facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the cylinder sealing plate 3.

[0049] Embodiment 6

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the technical scheme, the embodiment discloses a threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, which is based on embodiment 4 or 5, and in the range of 1 / 2 or 1 / 3 of the front end (the end close to the screw feeding head 1) of the threshing assembly 5, adjacent two threshing teeth 5.2 are taken as a group, and a flexible threshing block 5.4 is fixedly arranged on each group of threshing teeth 5.2. This design is ingenious and is completely different from the traditional flexible scheme of a single spike. The flexible threshing block 5.4 not only has a larger area and can cover a wider threshing contact area, but also has a longer service life, which reduces the inconvenience caused by frequent replacement of components. During the working process, the flexible threshing block 5.4 can not only reduce the impact of the spike and effectively reduce the breakage rate of the seeds, but also produce a rubbing effect when contacting with the crops, thereby further improving the threshing quality.

[0051] Embodiment 7

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the technical scheme, the embodiment discloses a threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, which is based on embodiment 6, and the flexible threshing block 5.4 is made of polyurethane, rubber, TPE (thermoplastic elastomer) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride) soft material. These materials have good flexibility and wear resistance and can maintain stable performance in frequent threshing operations.

[0053] Embodiment 8

[0054] The embodiment discloses a threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, which is a preferred embodiment of the technical solution, i.e., based on any one of embodiments 1-7, the threshing assembly 5 is provided with six sets. Such an arrangement is just right, not too dense, which not only ensures sufficient threshing area, but also avoids the problem of poor material flow or mutual interference caused by too dense assembly. At the same time, the orderly arrangement of the six sets of threshing assemblies 5 makes the structure of the cylindrical closed cavity 4 closer to the ideal cylindrical shape, which has significant advantages in mechanical properties and threshing operation stability.

Claims

1. A threshing cylinder of a combine harvester, characterized in that: The device comprises a spiral feeding head (1), a mounting tail plate (2) and a plurality of threshing assemblies (5); the mounting tail plate (2) is coaxially arranged with the spiral feeding head (1), all the threshing assemblies (5) are arranged at equal intervals based on a circumference, and both ends of each set of threshing assemblies (5) are respectively fixedly connected with the spiral feeding head (1) and the mounting tail plate (2) perpendicularly; a drum sealing plate (3) is sealingly arranged between every two adjacent sets of threshing assemblies (5), and the spiral feeding head (1), the mounting tail plate (2), all the threshing assemblies (5) and the drum sealing plate (3) cooperatively form a columnar closed cavity (4).

2. A threshing cylinder for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The device further comprises a force transmission center shaft (10) coaxially arranged with the spiral feeding head (1), and both ends of the force transmission center shaft (10) are fixedly connected with the spiral feeding head (1) and the mounting tail plate (2) respectively.

3. The cylinder of a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A width plate (9) is coaxially arranged between the spiral feeding head (1) and the mounting tail plate (2), and all the threshing assemblies (5) are fixedly connected with edges of the width plate (9).

4. The cylinder of a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threshing assembly (5) comprises a threshing rod (5.1), a plurality of threshing teeth (5.2) are arranged at intervals along an axial direction of the threshing rod (5.1), and both ends of the threshing rod (5.1) are fixedly connected with the spiral feeding head (1) and the mounting tail plate (2) through connecting seats (5.3) respectively.

5. The cylinder of a combine harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both sides of the threshing rod (5.1) are respectively arranged at intervals along the axial direction, mounting seats (6) are arranged on the threshing rod (5.1), mounting holes (7) are formed in the mounting seats (6), and a bolt member (8) is arranged through the mounting holes (7) and the mounting seats (6) to fix the drum sealing plate (3) and the threshing rod (5.1).

6. The cylinder of a combine harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: In a range of 1 / 2 or 1 / 3 of a front end of the threshing assembly (5), adjacent two threshing teeth (5.2) are taken as a group, and a flexible threshing block (5.4) is fixedly arranged on each group of threshing teeth (5.2).

7. A cylinder for a combine harvester as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that: The flexible threshing block (5.4) is made of polyurethane, rubber, TPE or PVC soft material.

8. The cylinder of a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threshing assembly (5) is provided with six sets.

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