Three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, which relates to the technical field of laser cutting machines, and comprises a machine tool, the upper end of the machine tool is rotatably connected with a rotary processing table, the upper end of the machine tool is provided with an X-axis translation mechanism, the upper end of the X-axis translation mechanism is provided with a Y-axis translation mechanism, and the upper end of the Y-axis translation mechanism is provided with a Z-axis translation mechanism. A rotating mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the Z-axis translation mechanism, a laser cutting tool is arranged on the inner side of the rotating mechanism, a detachable laser cutting head is arranged at the lower end of the laser cutting tool, and side fixing frames are fixedly connected to the front end and the rear end of the laser cutting tool; according to the utility model, the non-contact temperature sensor and the cooling air pipe are arranged to reduce the influence of workpiece deformation caused by overhigh local temperature caused by high-power laser, so that the temperature during cutting can be ensured to be within a reasonable range, the cutting precision is improved, and the influence of thermal expansion or thermal deformation is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to laser cutting machine technical field, concretely relates to a three -dimensional five -axis laser cutting machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] Three -dimensional five -axis laser cutting machine is a kind of laser cutting equipment with high precision and high efficiency, utilizes the combination of laser beam and five-axis motion system, realizes the cutting of complex three-dimensional shape workpiece, compared with traditional two-dimensional laser cutting machine, three -dimensional five -axis laser cutting machine can carry out free cutting movement in three spatial dimensions, so more complex, more challenging workpiece can be handled, widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, die manufacturing and precision machining etc.

[0003] The temperature of laser cutting head and workpiece surface is increased by long time under the action of high-power laser in the cutting process of current laser cutting machine, heat expansion or thermal deformation is easily caused, cutting precision is influenced, especially in the cutting of thin-walled parts or fine structure, the influence of temperature change is particularly obvious, therefore, a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine is provided to solve the problems in the above. UTILITARY MODEL

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine is provided, which solves the problem of temperature increase of laser cutting head and workpiece surface caused by long time under the action of high-power laser in the cutting process of current laser cutting machine, heat expansion or thermal deformation is easily caused, cutting precision is influenced, especially in the cutting of thin-walled parts or fine structure, the influence of temperature change is particularly obvious.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, comprising a machine tool, the upper end of the machine tool is rotatably connected with a rotary machining table, the upper end of the machine tool is provided with an X-axis translation mechanism, the upper end of the X-axis translation mechanism is provided with a Y-axis translation mechanism, the upper end of the Y-axis translation mechanism is provided with a Z-axis translation mechanism, the lower end of the Z-axis translation mechanism is provided with a rotating mechanism, the inner side of the rotating mechanism is provided with a laser cutting tool, the lower end of the laser cutting tool is provided with a detachable laser cutting head, the front and rear ends of the laser cutting tool are both fixedly connected with a side fixing frame, the inner side of the front side fixing frame is fixedly connected with a non-contact temperature sensor, the inner side of the rear side fixing frame is fixedly connected with a cooling gas pipe, the gas inlet end of the cooling gas pipe is fixedly connected with a hose, the end of the hose away from the cooling gas pipe is fixedly connected with a gas pump, the output end of the gas pump is provided with a solenoid valve, the input end of the gas pump is fixedly connected with a conveying pipe, the end of the conveying pipe away from the gas pump is fixedly connected with a gas mixing box.

[0007] Preferably, the gas mixing box is provided with two gas inlets, and the two gas inlets are fixedly connected with a normal-temperature gas source and a low-temperature gas source through connecting pipes, and the connecting pipes are provided with control valves.

[0008] Preferably, the X-axis translation mechanism comprises two symmetrically distributed X-axis translation rails, the X-axis translation rails are fixedly connected to the upper end of the machine tool through the mounting frame, the upper end of the X-axis translation rail is provided with a first sliding groove, the inside of the first sliding groove is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed first fixed plates, a first screw rod is rotatably connected between the two first fixed plates, and a first motor for driving the first screw rod to rotate is fixedly installed at the end of one first fixed plate away from the first screw rod.

[0009] Preferably, the Y-axis translation mechanism comprises two Y-axis translation rails fixedly connected to the upper end of the first support seat, the upper end of the Y-axis translation rail is provided with a second sliding groove, the inside of the second sliding groove is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed second fixed plates, a second screw rod is rotatably connected between the two second fixed plates, a second motor for driving the second screw rod to rotate is fixedly installed at the end of one second fixed plate away from the second screw rod, the outer surface of the second screw rod is threadedly connected with a second sliding block, the two second sliding blocks are fixedly connected with a second support seat, the upper end of the second support seat is provided with a through groove, and the gas mixing box and the gas pump are fixedly connected to the upper end of the second support seat.

[0010] Preferably, the Z-axis translation mechanism comprises two support frames fixedly connected to the upper end of the second support seat and two support plates fixedly connected to the inner side of the through groove, a third screw rod is rotatably connected between the support frame and the support plate, a third motor for driving the third screw rod to rotate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the support frame, the outer surface of the third screw rod is threadedly connected with a third sliding block, and the two third sliding blocks are fixedly connected with a moving frame.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating mechanism comprises a fourth motor fixedly installed at the inner bottom end of the moving frame, the output end of the fourth motor penetrates through the inner bottom end of the moving frame and is fixedly connected with a first rotating seat, the outer side of the first rotating seat is fixedly installed with a fifth motor, the output end of the fifth motor penetrates through the outer side of the first rotating seat and is fixedly connected with a second rotating seat, and the laser cutting tool is fixedly connected to the end of the second rotating seat away from the first rotating seat.

[0012] The utility model has the beneficial effects compared with prior art:

[0013] The scheme provides a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, the local temperature caused by high-power laser is reduced, the workpiece is deformed, the non-contact temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the laser cutting head and the workpiece surface in the cutting process in real time, when the temperature exceeds the normal range, the cooling gas pipe can send gas to the cutting area through the air pump, the local temperature caused by high-power laser is avoided, and the stability in the cutting process is improved, the gas mixing box can provide cooling gas with different temperatures according to the requirement through the mixing of the normal-temperature gas source and the low-temperature gas source, the air pump is matched with the electromagnetic valve to adjust the air flow, the supply of the cooling gas is accurately controlled, the temperature is ensured to be in a reasonable range, the cutting precision is further improved, and the influence of thermal expansion or thermal deformation is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model in another view angle;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the X-axis translation mechanism in the utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the Y-axis translation mechanism in the utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of the Z-axis translation mechanism in the utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of the rotation mechanism in the utility model. Figure 2

[0020] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic view of the rotation mechanism in the utility model.

[0021] Reference numerals in the drawing are:

[0022] 1, machine tool; 2, rotary processing table;

[0023] 3, X-axis translation mechanism; 301, X-axis translation track; 302, first sliding groove; 303, first fixed plate; 304, first motor; 305, first sliding block; 306, first support seat; 307, first screw rod;

[0024] 4, Y-axis translation mechanism; 401, Y-axis translation track; 402, second sliding groove; 403, second fixed plate; 404, second screw rod; 405, second motor; 406, second sliding block; 407, second support seat; 408, through groove;

[0025] ​5, Z-axis translation mechanism; 501, support frame; 502, support plate; 503, third screw; 504, third motor; 505, third sliding block; 506, moving frame;

[0026] 6, rotating mechanism; 601, fourth motor; 602, first rotating seat; 603, fifth motor; 604, second rotating seat;

[0027] 7, laser cutting tool; 701, laser cutting head; 8, side fixing frame; 9, cooling air pipe; 10, hose; 11, air pump; 1101, electromagnetic valve; 12, delivery pipe; 13, gas mixing box; 14, non-contact temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following description is used to disclose the utility model so that those skilled in the art can realize the utility model. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only as examples, and other obvious variants can be thought of by those skilled in the art.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1 And Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine comprises a machine tool 1, the upper end of the machine tool 1 is rotatably connected with a rotating workbench 2, the upper end of the machine tool 1 is provided with an X-axis translation mechanism 3, the upper end of the X-axis translation mechanism 3 is provided with a Y-axis translation mechanism 4, the upper end of the Y-axis translation mechanism 4 is provided with a Z-axis translation mechanism 5, the lower end of the Z-axis translation mechanism 5 is provided with a rotating mechanism 6, the inner side of the rotating mechanism 6 is provided with a laser cutting tool 7, the lower end of the laser cutting tool 7 is provided with a detachable laser cutting head 701, the front and rear ends of the laser cutting tool 7 are both fixedly connected with a side fixing frame 8, the inner side of the front side fixing frame 8 is fixedly connected with a non-contact temperature sensor 14, the inner side of the rear side fixing frame 8 is fixedly connected with a cooling air pipe 9, the air inlet end of the cooling air pipe 9 is fixedly connected with a hose 10, one end of the hose 10 away from the cooling air pipe 9 is fixedly connected with an air pump 11, the output end of the air pump 11 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 1101, the input end of the air pump 11 is fixedly connected with a delivery pipe 12, one end of the delivery pipe 12 away from the air pump 11 is fixedly connected with a gas mixing box 13.

[0030] Further, the rotation of the rotating workbench 2 is driven by an external driving device, and the upper end thereof can be provided with a corresponding clamp according to the processing requirements.

[0031] Further, the non-contact temperature sensor 14 is used to monitor the temperature of the laser cutting head 701 and the workpiece surface and feed back the temperature data in real time. When the temperature exceeds the range, the cooling system is provided with airflow through the air pump 11, and the flow of cooling gas is adjusted through the electromagnetic valve 1101. The cooling gas is delivered to the cooling air pipe 9 through the hose 10, and the cooling air pipe 9 delivers the cooling gas to the laser cutting head 701 and the workpiece area for cooling, so as to prevent thermal deformation caused by high temperature during laser cutting.

[0032] Further, the gas mixing box 13 is provided with two gas inlet ends, and the two gas inlet ends are fixedly connected with a normal temperature gas source and a low temperature gas source through connecting pipes. Control valves are arranged on the connecting pipes. The normal temperature gas source and the low temperature gas source provide normal temperature gas and low temperature gas respectively. The gas mixing box 13 is used to mix the gas delivered by the normal temperature gas source and the low temperature gas source. The control valves are used to adjust the flow and proportion of the gas entering the gas mixing box 13. By adjusting the mixing proportion, the temperature of the gas can be controlled, so as to accurately control the temperature of the cooling gas in the cutting process, adapt to different cooling requirements, and ensure that the temperature of the cooling gas meets the requirements of the cutting process.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in the figures, the X-axis translation mechanism 3 includes two symmetrically distributed X-axis translation rails 301, which are fixedly connected to the upper end of the machine tool 1 through a mounting frame. The upper end of the X-axis translation rail 301 is provided with a first sliding groove 302. The first sliding groove 302 is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed first fixed plates 303 inside. The two first fixed plates 303 are rotatably connected with a first lead screw 307. One side of the first fixed plate 303 is fixedly installed with a first motor 304 for driving the first lead screw 307 to rotate. The outer surface of the first lead screw 307 is threadedly connected with a first sliding block 305. The upper end of the first sliding block 305 is fixedly connected with a first support seat 306.

[0034] Further, the X-axis translation mechanism 3 enables the laser cutting head 701 to move in the horizontal direction. The first motor 304 drives the first lead screw 307 to rotate, which enables the first sliding block 305 to drive the first support seat 306 to slide, thereby driving the laser cutting head 701 to move horizontally along the X-axis translation rail 301.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the Y-axis translation mechanism 4 comprises two Y-axis translation rails 401 fixedly connected to the upper end of the first support base 306, the upper end of the Y-axis translation rail 401 is provided with a second sliding groove 402, the inside of the second sliding groove 402 is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed second fixed plates 403, the two second fixed plates 403 are rotatably connected with a second lead screw 404, one side of the second fixed plate 403 away from the second lead screw 404 is fixedly installed with a second motor 405 for driving the second lead screw 404 to rotate, the outer surface of the second lead screw 404 is threadedly connected with a second sliding block 406, the two second sliding blocks 406 are fixedly connected with a second support base 407, the upper end of the second support base 407 is provided with a through groove 408, and the gas mixing box 13 and the gas pump 11 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the second support base 407.

[0036] Further, the Y-axis translation mechanism 4 enables the laser cutting head 701 to move in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis, and the principle is the same as that of the X-axis translation mechanism 3, that is, the second motor 405 drives the second lead screw 404 to rotate to realize the translation of the Y-axis.

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 5 , the Z-axis translation mechanism 5 comprises two support frames 501 fixedly connected to the upper end of the second support base 407 and two support plates 502 fixedly connected to the inside of the through groove 408, the support frame 501 and the support plate 502 are rotatably connected with a third lead screw 503, the upper end of the support frame 501 is fixedly installed with a third motor 504 for driving the third lead screw 503 to rotate, the outer surface of the third lead screw 503 is threadedly connected with a third sliding block 505, and the two third sliding blocks 505 are fixedly connected with a moving frame 506.

[0038] Further, the Z-axis translation mechanism 5 is used for adjusting the height of the laser cutting head 701 in the vertical direction, so that it can adapt to workpieces of different thicknesses, and the vertical movement is realized by driving the third lead screw 503 to rotate through the third motor 504, so that the third sliding block 505 drives the moving frame 506 to move in the vertical direction.

[0039] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the rotating mechanism 6 comprises a fourth motor 601 fixedly installed at the inside bottom end of the moving frame 506, the output end of the fourth motor 601 penetrates the inside bottom end of the moving frame 506 and is fixedly connected with a first rotating base 602, the outside of the first rotating base 602 is fixedly installed with a fifth motor 603, the output end of the fifth motor 603 penetrates the outside of the first rotating base 602 and is fixedly connected with a second rotating base 604, and the laser cutting tool 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating base 604 away from the first rotating base 602.

[0040] Further, the fourth motor 601 provides power for rotation, controls the angle of the first rotating seat 602, and the fifth motor 603 provides additional rotation torque, further enhancing rotation accuracy and flexibility. The rotation mechanism 6 is arranged to allow the laser cutting head 701 to rotate around multiple axes to cut from different angles, enhancing the cutting ability of the cutting machine and enabling it to cut complex three-dimensional workpieces.

[0041] Working principle: In use, the worker places the workpiece to be cut on the rotating machining table 2 and fixes it using the clamps provided on the rotating machining table 2, then turns on the control system of the laser cutting machine, sets the cutting path and parameters, inputs the size and cutting requirements of the workpiece through the control system, and the laser cutting machine automatically calculates the appropriate cutting trajectory. After calculation, the X-axis translation mechanism 3, Y-axis translation mechanism 4 and Z-axis translation mechanism 5 move the laser cutting head 701 to adjust the distance between the cutting head and the workpiece to ensure cutting quality. When the laser cutting tool 7 reaches the target position, it starts cutting according to the set path. The laser beam emitted by the laser cutting tool 7 heats, melts and evaporates the workpiece, thus completing the cutting work. According to the needs of the cutting task, the fourth motor 601 and the fifth motor 603 in the rotation mechanism 6 will drive the laser cutting head 701 to rotate around multiple axes during the cutting process. Through rotation, the cutting head can cut from different angles. During the entire laser cutting process, the non-contact temperature sensor 14 monitors the temperature of the laser cutting head 701 and the workpiece surface in real time. If the temperature exceeds the set range, the cooling system will be triggered, the air pump 11 will start working to deliver cooling gas in the gas mixing tank 13 and adjust the flow of cooling gas through the electromagnetic valve 1101. The cooling gas will be delivered to the cooling gas pipe 9 through the hose 10 and blown into the laser cutting head 701 and the workpiece area for cooling. The gas temperature in the gas mixing tank 13 will be adjusted in real time by adjusting the gas flow and mixing ratio of the normal temperature gas source and the low temperature gas source to ensure that the temperature during cutting does not exceed the standard and prevent thermal deformation. During the cutting process, the control system of the laser cutting machine will adjust the cutting path and parameters in real time according to the feedback information. When the cutting path is completed, the laser cutting head 701 stops working, and all the axis translation mechanisms work together to return the laser cutting head 701 to the original position. The user can unload the finished workpiece by loosening the clamps.

[0042] The basic principle, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection required by the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, characterized by, The machine tool (1) is rotatably connected to a rotary machining table (2) at its upper end. An X-axis translation mechanism (3) is provided at the upper end of the machine tool (1). A Y-axis translation mechanism (4) is provided at the upper end of the X-axis translation mechanism (3). A Z-axis translation mechanism (5) is provided at the upper end of the Y-axis translation mechanism (4). A rotation mechanism (6) is provided at the lower end of the Z-axis translation mechanism (5). A laser cutting tool (7) is provided inside the rotation mechanism (6). A detachable laser cutting head (701) is provided at the lower end of the laser cutting tool (7). Side-mounted components are fixedly connected to both the front and rear ends of the laser cutting tool (7). A non-contact temperature sensor (14) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front side mounting bracket (8), and a cooling air pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear side mounting bracket (8). A hose (10) is fixedly connected to the air inlet end of the cooling air pipe (9). An air pump (11) is fixedly connected to the end of the hose (10) away from the cooling air pipe (9). A solenoid valve (1101) is provided at the output end of the air pump (11). A delivery pipe (12) is fixedly connected to the input end of the air pump (11). A gas mixing box (13) is fixedly connected to the end of the delivery pipe (12) away from the air pump (11).

2. A three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas mixing box (13) is provided with two air inlets. The two air inlets are respectively connected to a normal temperature gas source and a low temperature gas source through connecting pipes. A control valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

3. A three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis translation mechanism (3) includes two symmetrically distributed X-axis translation tracks (301). The X-axis translation tracks (301) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the machine tool (1) by a mounting bracket. The upper end of the X-axis translation track (301) is provided with a first slide groove (302). The interior of the first slide groove (302) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed first fixing plates (303). A first lead screw (307) is rotatably connected between the two first fixing plates (303). A first motor (304) for driving the first lead screw (307) to rotate is fixedly installed at the end of one of the first fixing plates (303) away from the first lead screw (307). A first slider (305) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the first lead screw (307). A first support seat (306) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first slider (305).

4. A three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis translation mechanism (4) includes two Y-axis translation tracks (401) fixedly connected to the upper end of the first support base (306). The upper end of the Y-axis translation track (401) is provided with a second slide groove (402). The interior of the second slide groove (402) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically distributed second fixing plates (403). A second lead screw (404) is rotatably connected between the two second fixing plates (403). A second motor (405) for driving the second lead screw (404) to rotate is fixedly installed at the end of one side of the second fixing plate (403) away from the second lead screw (404). A second slider (406) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the second lead screw (404). A second support base (407) is fixedly connected between the two second sliders (406). A through groove (408) is provided through the upper end of the second support base (407). The gas mixing box (13) and the air pump (11) are both fixedly connected to the upper end of the second support base (407).

5. A three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis translation mechanism (5) includes two support frames (501) fixedly connected to the upper end of the second support base (407) and two support plates (502) fixedly connected to the inner side of the through groove (408). A third lead screw (503) is rotatably connected between the support frames (501) and the support plates (502). A third motor (504) for driving the third lead screw (503) to rotate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the support frame (501). A third slider (505) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the third lead screw (503). A movable frame (506) is fixedly connected between the two third sliders (505).

6. A three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (6) includes a fourth motor (601) fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the movable frame (506). The output end of the fourth motor (601) passes through the inner bottom of the movable frame (506) and is fixedly connected to a first rotating seat (602). A fifth motor (603) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first rotating seat (602). The output end of the fifth motor (603) passes through the outer side of the first rotating seat (602) and is fixedly connected to a second rotating seat (604). The laser cutting tool (7) is fixedly connected to the end of the second rotating seat (604) away from the first rotating seat (602).

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