Hydrolysis hydrogen production device capable of adjusting flow based on two-stage pressure difference

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydrolysis hydrogen production device capable of adjusting flow based on two-stage pressure difference. The hydrolysis hydrogen production device comprises a water storage unit, a one-way valve, a reaction unit, a porous metal support plate, a fiber filter layer, a water inlet pipe, a gas storage unit, a mass flow controller, a safety valve and a control unit, a water outlet of the water storage unit is communicated with a water inlet of the reaction unit; a first switch valve T1 and a one-way valve are arranged on a pipeline between the water outlet of the water storage unit and the water inlet of the reaction unit; the reaction unit is filled with a solid hydrogen production material; a hydrogen outlet of the reaction unit is communicated with an inlet of the gas storage unit; a second switch valve T2 is arranged on a pipeline between the reaction unit and the gas storage unit; and a mass flow controller is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the gas storage unit. According to the hydrolysis hydrogen production device for adjusting the flow based on the two-stage pressure difference, self-adjustment and stable external hydrogen supply in the hydrolysis process can be achieved, and the hydrolysis hydrogen production device has the important value for solving the problem that application of hydrogen energy is limited due to storage and transportation bottlenecks.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to hydrolysis hydrogen production device technology especially relates to a hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two stage pressure difference flow regulation. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the deepening implementation of the national carbon reduction policy, hydrogen energy, as a clean alternative energy, is gradually applied to multiple fields such as transportation and backup power supply. However, the storage and transportation of hydrogen gas restricts the further development of hydrogen energy. Among various solutions, the hydrolysis of solid-state hydrogen production materials provides an effective method for in-situ hydrogen production. The existing in-situ hydrolysis hydrogen production method usually has the problems of complex system regulation mode and insufficient control stability and precision. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims at the problems of complex system regulation mode and insufficient control stability and precision of the existing hydrolysis hydrogen production device, and proposes a hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference flow regulation. The device has a simple, reasonable and compact structure, and can realize self-regulation and stable external hydrogen supply during the hydrolysis process.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of a hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference flow regulation, which comprises a water storage unit, a check valve, a reaction unit, a porous metal support plate, a fiber filter layer, a water inlet pipe, a gas storage unit, a mass flow controller, a safety valve and a control unit.

[0005] The water storage unit is provided with a first pressure sensor P1, and the water inlet of the water storage unit is provided with a booster device. The water outlet of the water storage unit is in communication with the water inlet of the reaction unit, and the pipeline between the water outlet of the water storage unit and the water inlet of the reaction unit is provided with a first switch valve T1 and a check valve.

[0006] The bottom of the reaction unit is provided with a porous metal support plate and a fiber filter layer from bottom to top, and the top of the reaction unit is provided with a second pressure sensor P2. The bottom and top of the reaction unit are respectively provided with a water inlet and a hydrogen outlet, and the hydrogen outlet of the reaction unit is in communication with the inlet of the gas storage unit. The pipeline between the reaction unit and the gas storage unit is provided with a second switch valve T2. The gas storage unit is provided with a safety valve and a third pressure sensor P3, and the outlet pipeline of the gas storage unit is provided with a mass flow controller.

[0007] The first pressure sensor P1, the second pressure sensor P2, the third pressure sensor P3, the booster device, the first switch valve T1, the second switch valve T2 and the mass flow controller are respectively in communication connection with the control unit.

[0008] Further, the reaction unit is filled with solid hydrogen production material, which is a mixture of one or more of magnesium hydride, aluminum powder and magnesium powder, and the filling amount of the solid hydrogen production material is calculated according to the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell, and a porous metal support plate and a fiber filter layer are arranged at the water inlet of the reaction unit for supporting the solid hydrogen production material, and the void of the fiber filter layer is smaller than the particle size of the solid hydrogen production material.

[0009] Further, the booster is a gas pump or a water pump.

[0010] Further, the water storage unit and the reaction unit are independently arranged.

[0011] Further, the water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the water storage unit 1.

[0012] Further, the reaction unit is embedded in the water storage unit, and the water in the water storage unit can be used as a heat dissipation medium of the reaction unit, that is, the heat capacity and latent heat of the water in the water storage unit can solve the heat release problem of the reaction unit.

[0013] Further, when the reaction unit is embedded in the water storage unit, the water outlet of the water storage unit is the water inlet of the reaction unit, and no additional water outlet is needed.

[0014] Further, the control unit is a PLC system or a single-chip microcomputer system.

[0015] The utility model is based on two-stage differential pressure to adjust hydrogen production flow, and the working principle is as follows:

[0016] Before starting hydrogen production, the solid hydrogen production material 13 is filled in the reaction unit 5, water is filled in the water storage unit 1, and the pressure is increased to a set value through air pressure or water pressure, and kept constant, and the first switch valve T1, the second switch valve T2 and the mass flow controller 10 are in the closed state.

[0017] (1) differential pressure regulation hydrolysis process

[0018] The control unit 12 opens the first switch valve T1, and the water in the water storage unit 1 flows through the first switch valve T1 and the check valve 4 under the push of the pressure in the water storage unit 1, and slowly enters the reaction unit 5 through the water injection pipe. The water in the reaction unit 5 reacts with the solid hydrogen production material to release hydrogen gas, such as Figure 2 As the reaction proceeds, the pressure in the reaction unit 5 gradually rises, and when the internal pressure exceeds the sum of the pressure and liquid level difference in the water storage unit 1, the water stops.

[0019] When the pressure in the reaction unit 5 is further increased and exceeds the set exhaust pressure, the control unit 12 opens the second switch valve T2, and the hydrogen flows out of the reaction unit 5 into the storage unit 9. The outflow of hydrogen causes the pressure in the reaction unit 5 to decrease, and when the pressure is lower than the sum of the pressure and the liquid level difference of the water storage unit 1, the water in the water storage unit 1 flows into the reaction unit 5 again, increasing the hydrogen production rate and further causing the pressure in the reaction unit 5 to increase.

[0020] The set exhaust pressure of the reaction unit 5 is slightly higher than the sum of the pressure and the liquid level difference of the water storage unit 1.

[0021] The pressure difference between the sum of the pressure and the liquid level difference of the water storage unit 1 and the pressure in the reaction unit 5 can automatically regulate the water injection process from the water storage unit 1 to the reaction unit 5, thereby realizing self-regulation of the hydrogen production reaction.

[0022] (2) Pressure difference regulation of hydrogen supply flow

[0023] When the second switch valve T2 is opened and hydrogen flows into the storage unit 9, the internal pressure of the storage unit 9 gradually increases. When the pressure increases to the external hydrogen supply pressure, the control unit 12 starts the mass flow controller 10 to supply hydrogen to the outside according to a certain flow rate. The storage unit 9 has a large volume and can smooth the impact caused by fluctuations in the hydrogen production flow rate of the reaction unit 5. The safety valve 11 can quickly exhaust to the outside when the pressure exceeds the set safety pressure, thereby protecting the safety of the system.

[0024] The safety pressure is higher than the exhaust pressure and lower than the allowable upper limit pressure of the hydrogen production system and the mass flow controller 10.

[0025] The pressure in the storage unit 9 decreases with the supply of hydrogen to the outside and increases with the inflow of hydrogen in the reaction unit 5, and within the highest pressure limited by the safety valve 11, conditions are provided for the safe and stable operation of the mass flow controller 10.

[0026] The hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference flow regulation has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0027] 1) The two-stage pressure difference control of the utility model can respectively regulate the progress of the hydrolysis reaction and the hydrogen flow rate of the outflow device, and realizes stable self-regulated hydrogen supply.

[0028] 2) The utility model uses the structure of embedded type to avoid high temperature in the reactor by using water vaporization.

[0029] 3) The utility model sets the storage unit and the safety valve, weakens the pressure fluctuation, protects the equipment when the pressure overload occurs, and ensures the use safety.

[0030] In summary, the hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation has the advantages of simple and accurate hydrogen supply by two-stage pressure difference control, and has important value for solving the application limitation problem of hydrogen energy due to the storage and transportation bottleneck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation of Example 1;

[0032] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation of Example 1;

[0033] Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation of Example 2.

[0034] Wherein, 1-water storage unit, 4-one-way valve, 5-reaction unit, 6-porous metal support plate, 7-fiber filter layer, 8-water inlet pipe, 9-gas storage unit, 10-mass flow controller, 11-safety valve, 12-control unit, 13-solid hydrogen storage material, P1-first pressure sensor, P2-second pressure sensor, P3-third pressure sensor, T1-first on-off valve, T2-second on-off valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The utility model is further illustrated by the following examples:

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The embodiment discloses a hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation, and the water storage unit 1 and the reaction unit 5 are independently arranged.

[0038] Specifically, the hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation of the utility model as shown in FIG. 1 comprises a water storage unit 1, a one-way valve 4, a reaction unit 5, a porous metal support plate 6, a fiber filter layer 7, a water inlet pipe 8, a gas storage unit 9, a mass flow controller 10, a safety valve 11 and a control unit 12. Figure 1 The water storage unit 1 is provided with a first pressure sensor P1, the water inlet of the water storage unit 1 is provided with a booster device, and the booster device is a gas pump; the water outlet of the water storage unit 1 is communicated with the water inlet of the reaction unit 5, and the first on-off valve T1 and the one-way valve 4 are arranged on the pipeline between the water outlet of the water storage unit 1 and the water inlet of the reaction unit 5.

[0039]

[0040] ​The reaction unit 5 is filled with solid hydrogen production material. The amount of solid hydrogen production material is calculated based on the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell. The solid hydrogen production material is one or a mixture of magnesium hydride, aluminum powder, and magnesium powder. A porous metal support plate 6 and a fiber filter layer 7 are arranged at the bottom and from bottom to top inside the reaction unit 5. The pore size of the fiber filter layer 7 is smaller than the particle size of the solid hydrogen production material. The porous metal support plate 6 and the fiber filter layer 7 at the water inlet of the reaction unit can support the solid hydrogen production material. A second pressure sensor P2 is installed at the top of the reaction unit 5. A water inlet and a hydrogen outlet are respectively provided at the bottom and top of the reaction unit 5. The hydrogen outlet of the reaction unit 5 is connected to the inlet of the gas storage unit 9. A second switching valve T2 is installed on the pipeline between the reaction unit 5 and the gas storage unit 9. A safety valve 11 and a third pressure sensor P3 are installed on the gas storage unit 9. A mass flow controller 10 is installed on the outlet pipeline of the gas storage unit 9.

[0041] The first pressure sensor P1, the second pressure sensor P2, the third pressure sensor P3, the booster device, the first switching valve T1, the second switching valve T2, and the mass flow controller 10 are all communicatively connected to the control unit. The control unit 12 is a PLC system.

[0042] The working principle of this utility model is based on a hydrolysis hydrogen production device with flow rate regulation using a two-stage pressure difference, as follows: Figure 2 As shown:

[0043] Before hydrogen production begins, the reaction unit 5 is filled with solid hydrogen production material 13, the water storage unit 1 is filled with water, and the pressure is increased to a set value by gas pressure and kept constant. The first switch valve T1, the second switch valve T2, and the mass flow controller 10 are in the closed state.

[0044] (1) Pressure difference regulation hydrolysis process

[0045] Control unit 12 opens the first switch valve T1. Driven by the pressure within water storage unit 1, water flows through the first switch valve T1 and check valve 4, and slowly enters reaction unit 5 through the water injection pipe. Inside reaction unit 5, water reacts with the solid hydrogen production material, releasing hydrogen gas. Figure 2 As the reaction proceeds, the pressure inside reaction unit 5 gradually increases. When the internal pressure exceeds the sum of the pressure and liquid level difference inside water storage unit 1, water intake is stopped.

[0046] When the pressure in the reaction unit 5 is further increased and exceeds the set exhaust pressure, the control unit 12 opens the second switch valve T2, and the hydrogen flows out of the reaction unit 5 into the storage unit 9. The outflow of hydrogen causes the pressure in the reaction unit 5 to decrease, and when the pressure is lower than the sum of the pressure and the liquid level difference of the water storage unit 1, the water in the water storage unit 1 flows into the reaction unit 5 again, increasing the hydrogen release rate and further causing the pressure in the reaction unit 5 to increase.

[0047] The set exhaust pressure of the reaction unit 5 is slightly higher than the sum of the pressure and the liquid level difference of the water storage unit 1.

[0048] The pressure difference between the sum of the pressure and the liquid level difference of the water storage unit 1 and the pressure in the reaction unit 5 can automatically regulate the water injection process from the water storage unit 1 to the reaction unit 5, thereby realizing self-regulation of the hydrogen production reaction.

[0049] (2) Pressure difference regulation of hydrogen supply flow

[0050] When the second switch valve T2 is opened and hydrogen flows into the storage unit 9, the internal pressure of the storage unit 9 gradually increases. When the pressure increases to the external hydrogen supply pressure, the control unit 12 starts the mass flow controller 10 to supply hydrogen externally at a certain flow rate. The storage unit 9 has a large volume and can smooth the impact of fluctuations in the hydrogen production flow rate of the reaction unit 5. The safety valve 11 can quickly exhaust to the outside when the pressure exceeds the set safety pressure, protecting the safety of the system.

[0051] The safety pressure is higher than the exhaust pressure and lower than the allowable upper limit pressure of the hydrogen production system and the mass flow controller 10.

[0052] The pressure in the storage unit 9 decreases with the external hydrogen supply and increases with the inflow of hydrogen in the reaction unit 5, providing conditions for the safe and stable operation of the mass flow controller 10 within the highest pressure limit of the safety valve 11.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment discloses a hydrolysis hydrogen production device based on two-stage pressure difference flow regulation, as shown in Figure 3 The structure is basically the same as that of Example 1. The difference is that the reaction unit 5 is embedded in the water storage unit 1, and the water in the water storage unit 1 can serve as a heat dissipation medium for the reaction unit 5, i.e., the heat capacity and latent heat of vaporization of the water in the water storage unit 1 can solve the heat release problem of the reaction unit 5. In this embodiment, the reaction unit 5 is embedded in the water storage unit 1, and the water outlet of the water storage unit 1 is the water inlet of the reaction unit 5, without the need for a separate water outlet.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limited to them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrolysis hydrogen generation device based on two-stage differential pressure for flow regulation, characterized by, The device comprises a water storage unit (1), a one-way valve (4), a reaction unit (5), a porous metal support plate (6), a fiber filter layer (7), a water inlet pipe (8), a gas storage unit (9), a mass flow controller (10), a safety valve (11) and a control unit (12). The water storage unit (1) is provided with a first pressure sensor, and the water inlet of the water storage unit (1) is provided with a booster device; the water outlet of the water storage unit (1) is communicated with the water inlet of the reaction unit (5), and the pipeline between the water outlet of the water storage unit (1) and the water inlet of the reaction unit (5) is provided with a first switch valve and a one-way valve (4); The bottom of the reaction unit (5) is provided with a porous metal support plate (6) and a fiber filter layer (7) from bottom to top, and the top of the reaction unit (5) is provided with a second pressure sensor; the bottom and the top of the reaction unit (5) are respectively provided with a water inlet and a hydrogen outlet, the hydrogen outlet of the reaction unit (5) is communicated with the inlet of the gas storage unit (9), and the pipeline between the reaction unit (5) and the gas storage unit (9) is provided with a second switch valve; the gas storage unit (9) is provided with a safety valve (11) and a third pressure sensor, and the outlet pipeline of the gas storage unit (9) is provided with a mass flow controller (10); The first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor, the booster device, the first switch valve, the second switch valve and the mass flow controller (10) are respectively communicated with the control unit.

2. The hydrolysis hydrogen generation device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction unit (5) is filled with solid hydrogen production materials.

3. The hydrolysis hydrogen generation device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The booster device is a gas pump or a water pump.

4. The hydrolysis hydrogen generation device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The water storage unit (1) and the reaction unit (5) are respectively independently provided.

5. The hydrolysis hydrogen generation device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the water storage unit (1) is provided with a water outlet.

6. The hydrolysis hydrogen generation device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The reaction unit (5) is embedded in the water storage unit (1).

7. The hydrolysis hydrogen generation device based on two-stage pressure difference for flow regulation as claimed in claim 6 wherein, When the reaction unit (5) is embedded in the water storage unit (1), the water outlet of the water storage unit (1) is the water inlet of the reaction unit (5), and no separate water outlet is needed.

8. The hydrolysis hydrogen plant based on two-stage pressure differential for flow regulation as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 7 wherein, The control unit (12) is a PLC system or a single-chip microcomputer system.

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