Portal structure suitable for tunnel portal landslide section
The combination structure of portal wall, steel pipe pile components and multi-level slope leveling platform solves the construction safety and economic issues of landslide sections at tunnel entrances, and achieves a highly efficient anti-slip effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423118806.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-17
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, anti-slide piles are commonly used to treat landslides at tunnel entrances. However, they are costly, complex to construct, and have poor effectiveness, especially in loose or water-rich strata. This makes it difficult to guarantee construction safety and economy.
The system employs a combination structure of portal walls, steel pipe pile components, and multi-level slope leveling platforms. The portal walls are equipped with steps, and the steel pipe piles consolidate the soil at the junction of open and closed sections. The system is reinforced by multi-level slope leveling platforms and grouting steel pipes, forming a multi-layered protection system.
It improved the construction and operational safety of the landslide section at the tunnel entrance, while reducing construction difficulty and project cost, achieving an economical and efficient anti-slip effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN223562815U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and in particular to a tunnel entrance structure suitable for landslide sections at tunnel entrances. Background Technology
[0002] During tunnel construction, landslides are prone to occur at tunnel entrances due to geological conditions and human factors. To address landslides at tunnel entrances, anti-slide piles are typically installed on both sides of the tunnel entrance and at the junction of open and closed sections to improve the tunnel's resistance to sliding.
[0003] However, anti-slide piles are generally expensive, have complex construction processes, and are difficult to install. Furthermore, they are typically suitable for hard soil or strata with a certain clay content. For loose soil or strata with high water content, the effectiveness of anti-slide piles is significantly reduced, or they may even fail to achieve the desired anti-slide effect. Since landslides at tunnel entrances are usually loose rock and soil, ensuring the safety of tunnel entrance construction and operation while also considering construction convenience and economy is a problem that must be solved.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a tunnel portal structure suitable for landslide sections at tunnel entrances to solve or at least alleviate the aforementioned defects. Utility Model Content
[0005] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunnel entrance structure suitable for landslide sections at tunnel entrances, so as to solve the technical problems of high cost and general anti-slide effect of using anti-slide piles for landslide sections at tunnel entrances in the existing technology.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an entrance structure suitable for landslide sections at tunnel entrances, comprising a first anti-slip structure, a second anti-slip structure, and a third anti-slip structure, wherein...
[0007] The first anti-slip structure includes a portal wall, and a staircase is provided on the back of the portal wall; the second anti-slip structure includes a steel pipe pile assembly located at the junction of the open tunnel section and the closed tunnel section; the third anti-slip structure includes a first-level slope leveling platform located at the junction of the open tunnel section and the closed tunnel section, and the first-level slope leveling platform extends laterally along the tunnel.
[0008] Preferably, the steel pipe pile assembly includes a first steel pipe pile disposed on the side of the tunnel and a second steel pipe pile disposed above the tunnel arch wall, wherein the first steel pipe pile extends downward from the first-level slope leveling platform through the landslide fracture surface and extends to the stable rock layer below the tunnel, and the second steel pipe pile extends downward from the ground surface to above the tunnel arch.
[0009] Preferably, the wall back of the portal wall forms a number of steps not less than 2, each step has a width along the tunnel extension direction not less than 1m, and the portal wall is connected with the tunnel lining through connecting steel bars.
[0010] Preferably, a fourth anti-sliding structure is further arranged between the first anti-sliding structure and the second anti-sliding structure, the fourth anti-sliding structure comprises a plurality of grouting steel pipes arranged in a quincunx pattern, the upper end of each grouting steel pipe is embedded in the tunnel lining, and each grouting steel pipe extends downward through the landslide fracture surface and reaches the stable rock layer below the tunnel.
[0011] Preferably, the depth of each grouting steel pipe embedded in the landslide fracture surface is not less than 5m.
[0012] Preferably, the number of the first steel pipe pile and the second steel pipe pile is a plurality, and the plurality of first steel pipe piles and the plurality of second steel pipe piles are arranged in a quincunx pattern with a spacing of 1.0m*1.0m.
[0013] Preferably, the third anti-sliding structure further comprises a second stage slope flattening platform and a third stage slope flattening platform arranged above the first stage slope flattening platform, and the third stage slope flattening platform, the second stage slope flattening platform and the first stage slope flattening platform are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the landslide body; wherein the first grouting anchor is arranged on the upslope of the first stage slope flattening platform and the second stage slope flattening platform, and the second grouting anchor is arranged on the upslope of the second stage slope flattening platform and the third stage slope flattening platform.
[0014] Preferably, the width of the first stage slope flattening platform along the tunnel extension direction is 3m, the width of the second stage slope flattening platform along the tunnel extension direction is 4m, and the width of the third stage slope flattening platform along the tunnel extension direction is 6m.
[0015] Preferably, the outer diameter of the first steel pipe pile and the second steel pipe pile is 219mm, and the outer diameter of the grouting steel pipe is 89mm.
[0016] Preferably, the portal wall is a C30 reinforced concrete structure.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
[0018] The utility model provides a kind of suitable for tunnel portal landslide section's portal structure, including first anti-slippage structure, second anti-slippage structure and third anti-slippage structure, first anti-slippage structure includes portal wall, the wall back of portal wall is equipped with ladder, second anti-slippage structure includes the steel pipe pile assembly of being equipped in open cut section and blind hole section junction area, third anti-slippage structure includes the first grade slope body flattening platform of being equipped in open cut section and blind hole section junction area, first grade slope body flattening platform extends along tunnel transversely.This application is by being provided with second anti-slippage structure in open cut section, the first anti-slippage structure of wall back with ladder, first grade slope body flattening platform is arranged in the slope, can effectively ensure the portal construction safety and operation safety of portal landslide tunnel, while giving consideration to construction convenience and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the structure shown in these drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art.
[0020] Fig. 1 It is the longitudinal section schematic view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] Fig. 2 It is the elevation schematic view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the utility model.
[0022] The purpose realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the utility model will be further explained by combining with embodiments and referring to drawings.
[0023] EXPLANATION OF DRAWINGS:
[0024] 110, portal wall;120, ladder;130, connecting steel bar;210, first steel pipe pile;220, second steel pipe pile;310, first grade slope body flattening platform;320, second grade slope body flattening platform;330, third grade slope body flattening platform;340, first grouting anchor rod;350, second grouting anchor rod;410, grouting steel pipe;50, open cut section;510, open cut lining;60, blind hole section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.
[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0027] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present utility model are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture (as described in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.
[0028] In addition, the description of "first", "second" and the like in the present utility model is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.
[0029] Please refer to the drawings Figs. 1-2 In an embodiment provided by the present utility model, a tunnel opening structure suitable for tunnel opening landslide section includes a first anti-sliding structure (not marked in the drawing), a second anti-sliding structure (not marked in the drawing) and a third anti-sliding structure (not marked in the drawing), wherein the first anti-sliding structure includes a portal wall 110, and the back of the portal wall 110 is provided with a ladder 120; the second anti-sliding structure includes a steel pipe pile assembly (not marked in the drawing) arranged at the junction area of the open tunnel section 50 and the dark tunnel section 60; and the third anti-sliding structure includes a first-stage slope body flattening platform 310 arranged at the junction area of the open tunnel section 50 and the dark tunnel section 60, and the first-stage slope body flattening platform 310 extends along the tunnel transversely.
[0030] Specifically, the steel pipe pile assembly is arranged at the junction area of the open tunnel section 50 and the dark tunnel section 60, which can effectively consolidate the soil body in the open-dark junction range, and the steel pipe pile assembly has strong rigidity and strength, which can effectively prevent the displacement of the rear soil body under the action of the landslide thrust and extrude the tunnel. The steel pipe pile assembly can effectively replace the anti-slide pile at the open-dark junction, is convenient to construct, and saves the engineering cost.
[0031] A counterweight portal wall 110 is installed at the tunnel entrance. The portal wall 110 is preferably made of C30 reinforced concrete. The back of the wall is stepped, with a step width of not less than 1m and a step number of not less than 2. It is also preferably connected to the open tunnel lining 510 with φ22 connecting steel bars 130 to form a whole. The weight of the backfill soil above the open tunnel is used to press down on the counterweight portal wall steps, while the center of gravity of the wall is shifted backward to resist the thrust of the backfill soil above the open tunnel and the thrust of the mountain, effectively improving the stability of the portal wall 110 and enhancing the bearing capacity and anti-slip performance of the tunnel portal wall 110.
[0032] A first-level slope leveling platform 310 is set up at the junction of light and dark areas to provide a construction platform for the installation of steel pipe pile components and also to play a role in counter-pressure buffering.
[0033] In this application, by setting a second anti-slip structure at the junction of the open tunnel section 50 and the closed tunnel section 60, and the back wall having a first anti-slip structure with a step 120, and setting a wider counter-pressure buffer platform (first-level slope leveling platform 310) on the uphill slope, the construction safety and operation safety of the tunnel entrance landslide tunnel can be effectively ensured, while taking into account the convenience and economy of construction.
[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the steel pipe pile assembly includes a first steel pipe pile 210 disposed on the side of the tunnel and a second steel pipe pile 220 disposed above the tunnel arch wall. The first steel pipe pile 210 extends downward from the first-level slope leveling platform 310 through the landslide rupture surface and extends to the stable rock layer below the tunnel. The second steel pipe pile 220 extends downward from the ground surface to the top of the tunnel arch.
[0035] like Fig. 2 As shown, the first steel pipe pile 210 extends downwards from the first-stage slope leveling platform 310 through the landslide fracture surface and into the stable rock layer below the tunnel, such as moderately weathered rock. This effectively connects the soil or rock layer in the landslide area with the stable rock layer, enhancing the stability of the entire landslide area. The second steel pipe pile 220 extends downwards from the ground surface to above the tunnel arch, preventing the soil above the tunnel arch from sliding or collapsing, reducing the risk of tunnel damage. The overall design of the steel pipe pile assembly in this embodiment not only enhances the stability of the landslide area but also improves the safety of the tunnel structure.
[0036] As a preferred example, the number of steps formed on the back of the portal wall 110 is not less than 2, and the width of each step along the tunnel extension direction is not less than 1m. The portal wall 110 is connected to the open tunnel lining 510 by connecting steel bars 130.
[0037] As a preferred embodiment, a fourth anti-sliding structure (not shown in the figure) is further included between the first anti-sliding structure and the second anti-sliding structure, the fourth anti-sliding structure comprising a plurality of grouting steel pipes 410 arranged in a quincunx pattern, the upper end of each of the grouting steel pipes 410 being embedded in the open tunnel lining 510, each of the grouting steel pipes 410 passing through the landslide fracture surface downward and extending to the stable rock layer below the tunnel.
[0038] Specifically, according to the condition of the landslide fracture surface of the tunnel portal, it is preferred to use φ89mm grouting steel pipes 410 to grout and reinforce the tunnel foundation, the embedded depth of the landslide fracture surface is not less than 5m, the embedded length in the open tunnel lining 510 is 30cm, the spacing is 1.0m×1.0m, and the quincunx pattern is adopted, which effectively improves the bearing capacity of the foundation.
[0039] As a preferred example, the embedded depth of each of the first steel pipe piles 210 in the landslide fracture surface is not less than 8m.
[0040] Preferably, the number of the first steel pipe piles 210 and the second steel pipe piles 220 is multiple, and the first steel pipe piles 210 and the second steel pipe piles 220 are arranged in a quincunx pattern with a spacing of 1.0m×1.0m. Fig. 1 As shown in the figure, preferably, the first steel pipe piles 210 and the second steel pipe piles 220 are uniformly arranged in three rows along the extension direction of the tunnel.
[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the third anti-sliding structure further comprises a second level slope flattening platform 320 and a third level slope flattening platform 330 arranged above the first level slope flattening platform 310, the third level slope flattening platform 330, the second level slope flattening platform 320 and the first level slope flattening platform 310 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the landslide body; wherein the first grouting anchor 340 is arranged on the upside slope of the first level slope flattening platform 310 and the second level slope flattening platform 320, and the second grouting anchor 350 is arranged on the upside slope of the second level slope flattening platform 320 and the third level slope flattening platform 330.
[0042] Specifically, by adding the second level and the third level slope flattening platform 330 above the first level slope flattening platform 310, a multi-level protection system is formed, which plays a role of counter-pressure buffer, and the width of the platform can be adjusted according to the actual situation on site. The grouting anchor is arranged on the upside slope of each level of the slope flattening platform, which effectively reinforces the upside slope.
[0043] As a preferred example, the width of the first level slope flattening platform 310 along the extension direction of the tunnel is set to 3m, the width of the second level slope flattening platform 320 along the extension direction of the tunnel is set to 4m, and the width of the third level slope flattening platform 330 along the extension direction of the tunnel is set to 6m.
[0044] As a preferred example, the outer diameters of the first steel pipe pile 210 and the second steel pipe pile 220 are both 219 mm, and the outer diameter of the grouting steel pipe 410 is 89 mm.
[0045] As a preferred example, the portal wall 110 is a C30 reinforced concrete structure. The C30 reinforced concrete structure has high compressive strength and tensile strength, can bear large load and deformation, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the portal wall 110.
[0046] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent range of the utility model, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation using the utility model specification and the attached drawing contents, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection range of the utility model.
Claims
1. A portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal, characterized by, The first anti-sliding structure, the second anti-sliding structure and the third anti-sliding structure are provided. The first anti-sliding structure comprises a portal wall, and a stepped wall back of the portal wall is provided; the second anti-sliding structure comprises a steel pipe pile assembly arranged at a joint area of the open tunnel section and the hidden tunnel section; and the third anti-sliding structure comprises a first grade slope flattening platform arranged at the joint area of the open tunnel section and the hidden tunnel section, and the first grade slope flattening platform extends along the tunnel transverse direction.
2. The portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel pipe pile assembly comprises a first steel pipe pile arranged at a side of the tunnel and a second steel pipe pile arranged above the tunnel arch wall, wherein the first steel pipe pile passes through a landslide fracture surface downward from the first grade slope flattening platform and extends to a stable rock layer below the tunnel, and the second steel pipe pile extends downward from the ground surface to above the tunnel vault.
3. The portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stepped wall back of the portal wall is provided with not less than two steps, each step has a width of not less than 1m in the tunnel extension direction, and the portal wall is connected with the open tunnel lining through connecting steel bars.
4. The portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal according to claim 2, characterized by, A fourth anti-sliding structure is further arranged between the first anti-sliding structure and the second anti-sliding structure, and the fourth anti-sliding structure comprises a plurality of grouting steel pipes arranged in a quincunx pattern, an upper end of each grouting steel pipe is embedded in the open tunnel lining, and each grouting steel pipe passes through the landslide fracture surface downward and extends to the stable rock layer below the tunnel.
5. The portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The depth of each grouting steel pipe embedded in the landslide fracture surface is not less than 5m.
6. The portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal according to claim 4, characterized by, The number of the first steel pipe piles and the second steel pipe piles is a plurality, and the plurality of first steel pipe piles and the plurality of second steel pipe piles are arranged in a quincunx pattern with a spacing of 1.0m*1.0m.
7. The portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third anti-sliding structure further comprises a second grade slope flattening platform and a third grade slope flattening platform arranged above the first grade slope flattening platform, and the third grade slope flattening platform, the second grade slope flattening platform and the first grade slope flattening platform are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the landslide body; wherein the first grouting anchor is arranged on the upside slope of the first grade slope flattening platform and the second grade slope flattening platform, and the second grouting anchor is arranged on the upside slope of the second grade slope flattening platform and the third grade slope flattening platform.
8. The portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal according to claim 7, characterized in that, The width of the first grade slope flattening platform along the tunnel extension direction is set to 3m, the width of the second grade slope flattening platform along the tunnel extension direction is set to 4m, and the width of the third grade slope flattening platform along the tunnel extension direction is set to 6m.
9. The portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the first steel pipe pile and the second steel pipe pile is 219mm, and the outer diameter of the grouting steel pipe is 89mm.
10. The portal structure suitable for a landslide section of a tunnel portal according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The portal wall is a C30 reinforced concrete structure.