Ammonia hydrogen production driving single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ammonia hydrogen production driving single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling device, which is characterized in that a delivery pump is respectively connected with a liquid ammonia source and an ammonia channel inlet of an ebullator, and a first turbine power generation assembly is respectively connected with a reaction channel inlet of an ammonia decomposition reactor and an ammonia channel outlet of the ebullator; the second turbine power generation assembly comprises a second generator, a gas compressor and a second turbine, wherein the gas compressor and the second turbine are coaxially arranged. The second turbine is in driving connection with a rotor of the second generator. A reaction channel outlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor and a compressed gas outlet of the gas compressor are connected with a combustion chamber of the combustor through pipelines respectively, the second turbine is connected with a smoke outlet of the combustor and the ammonia decomposition reactor through pipelines respectively, and a smoke channel outlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor is connected with a tail gas channel inlet of the boiler. The tail gas channel outlet is connected with the tail gas treatment unit. According to the utility model, single ammonia fuel and working medium are adopted, the complexity of the device is simplified, carbon emission reduction is promoted, and the comprehensive energy efficiency of ammonia energy reaches 80-85%.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of generator or engine, concretely relates to a kind of ammonia hydrogen production drive single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen energy has the characteristics of abundant source, high energy density, green and low carbon, etc. Since it does not produce carbon emissions as a fuel, it is the most potential clean energy. Ammonia energy, as a hydrogen-rich substance, contains 17.6% hydrogen by mass, which is an ideal carrier for hydrogen. Using ammonia to supply hydrogen and replace hydrogen has become one of the development trends of hydrogen energy.

[0003] A gas turbine is a power device that uses high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-energy gas generated by burning fuel to drive the turbine. Currently, power generation or mobile equipment using gas turbines as a power source is rapidly developing and being applied. Its main advantage is its high power density. However, the thermal efficiency of a gas turbine is usually between 30-40% under normal circumstances. Heating the steam turbine with the waste heat of the gas turbine is a way to improve overall energy efficiency. However, since the working fluids of the two are different under normal circumstances, the coupling system is often complex and bulky. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above technical problems and overcome the low comprehensive energy efficiency of ammonia energy in the prior art, the utility model provides an ammonia hydrogen production drive single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling device. The device uses a single ammonia fuel and working medium, simplifies the system complexity, promotes carbon emission reduction, and achieves a comprehensive energy efficiency of 80-85% for ammonia energy.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0006] An ammonia hydrogen production drive single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling device, the device includes a liquid ammonia source, a delivery pump, a boiler, a first turbine power generation assembly, a second turbine power generation assembly, an ammonia decomposition reactor, a burner, and a tail gas treatment unit.

[0007] The delivery pump inlet is connected to the liquid ammonia source, the delivery pump outlet is connected to the ammonia channel inlet of the boiler, and the first turbine power generation assembly is connected to the reaction channel inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor and the ammonia channel outlet of the boiler through pipelines respectively.

[0008] The second turbine power generation assembly comprises a second generator, and a compressor and a second turbine coaxially arranged, the second turbine is in driving connection with a rotor of the second generator; an outlet of a reaction channel of the ammonia decomposition reactor and an outlet of compressed gas of the compressor are respectively connected with a combustion chamber of the combustor through pipelines, the second turbine is respectively connected with an outlet of flue gas of the combustor and an inlet of a flue gas channel of the ammonia decomposition reactor through pipelines, an outlet of the flue gas channel of the ammonia decomposition reactor is connected with an inlet of a tail gas channel of the boiler, and an outlet of the tail gas channel of the boiler is connected with the tail gas treatment unit.

[0009] Further, the first turbine power generation assembly comprises a first turbine and a first generator, the first turbine is in driving connection with a rotor of the first generator, and the first turbine is respectively connected with an outlet of an ammonia channel of the boiler and an inlet of a reaction channel of the ammonia decomposition reactor through pipelines.

[0010] Further, the device is further provided with an air compressor and a fuel bottle, and the air compressor and the fuel bottle are respectively communicated with the combustion chamber of the combustor through pipelines.

[0011] Further preferably, when the device is started, compressed air provided by the air compressor and fuel gas provided by the fuel bottle are simultaneously input into the combustor, and when the outlet temperature of the combustion chamber of the combustor reaches a target process value, the second turbine power generation assembly is driven to operate; when the temperature of the reaction channel of the ammonia decomposition reactor reaches a process value, and the temperature of the boiler also reaches a target process value, the delivery pump is started; when it is detected that the second generator starts to generate electricity, the air compressor is turned off; and when it is detected that the product gas stream flowing out of the ammonia decomposition reactor reaches a process value, the fuel bottle is turned off.

[0012] Preferably, the fuel in the fuel bottle is a combustible gas or a volatile combustible liquid, which includes one or a mixture of several fuels of natural gas, hydrogen, ammonia, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, ethanol, propanol, gasoline, aviation fuel.

[0013] Preferably, the reaction channel of the ammonia decomposition reactor is filled with iron-based catalyst and / or ruthenium-based catalyst, and when the ammonia decomposition reactor is normally operated, the ammonia decomposition reaction temperature in the ammonia decomposition reactor is 350-850℃, the ammonia space velocity is 1000-30000h -1 , and the gas pressure in the reaction channel is 0.06-1.8MPa.

[0014] Further preferably, the ammonia decomposition reaction temperature is 450-580℃, the ammonia space velocity is 5000-12000h -1 , and the outlet gas temperature of the combustion chamber of the combustor is ≥750℃.

[0015] The technical scheme of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] A. The utility model discloses only single ammonia fuel is used to carry out hydrogen production reaction in ammonia decomposition reactor, greatly simplifies the system complexity, and the temperature matching design of each component reaches the optimization of heat energy, kinetic energy utilization efficiency, the heat generated in the combustion chamber of the burner makes high-temperature flue gas and the surrounding gas inflation drive the steam turbine rotation, the flue gas heat in the burner has two step-by-step utilization, first, the flue gas waste heat after work is used to heat the material in the ammonia decomposition reactor, under the premise of no additional function, promotes the reaction of the enthalpy change increase of ammonia decomposition hydrogen production, second, the flue gas after cooling provides energy for the rapid gasification of liquid ammonia, makes liquid ammonia boil and form ammonia gas flow with kinetic energy, further promotes the work of ammonia turbine, and the comprehensive energy efficiency is high, the efficiency for power generation can reach 50 -70%, if the energy efficiency utilization of tail gas is combined, can further reach 80-85%, and the use of zero-carbon ammonia fuel is favorable to promote carbon emission reduction and help to realize the carbon neutralization strategy of the country.

[0017] B. The utility model discloses compact device, first turbine (ammonia) and second turbine (gas) share a gas flow, make coupling structure greatly simplify, thereby improve the reliability of device.

[0018] C. The utility model discloses device provides air compressor and fuel bottle, when device is in stop state and needs cold start, or standby state needs to change normal operating state, utilizes air compressor and fuel bottle to start whole device, until the temperature of burner outlet gas, the reaction channel temperature of ammonia decomposition reactor and reaction product flow and the temperature of boiler all reach target process requirement, control air compressor and fuel bottle close, realize the independent operation of device, make first generator and second generator can continuously output electric energy.

[0019] D. The utility model discloses still can directly replace generator with kinetic energy load system, realize kinetic energy and the output of electric power, is suitable for steamship, car and so on large -scale mobile equipment and heavy gas turbine, micro gas turbine's power generation and cogeneration, application is wide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiment of the utility model, the following will be briefly introduced to the drawings needed in the specific embodiment, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating labor.

[0021] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the ammonia hydrogen production driving single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling device provided by the utility model connects;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the coupling device between an ammonia-to-hydrogen-driven single-shaft gas turbine and an ammonia steam turbine containing starting fuel, provided by this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of a coupling device for an ammonia-to-hydrogen drive single-shaft gas turbine and an ammonia steam turbine with a kinetic load system.

[0024] The meanings of the symbols in the image are as follows:

[0025] 1-Liquid ammonia source; 2-Transfer pump; 3-Boiling device; 3a-Ammonia channel; 3b-Tail gas channel; 4-First turbine; 5-Ammonia decomposition reactor; 5a-Reaction channel; 5b-Flue gas channel; 6-Burner; 7-Compressor; 8-Second turbine; 9-Air compressor; 10-Tail treatment unit; 11-First generator; 12-Second generator; 13-Fuel cylinder; 14-Kinetic load system. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0027] "Gas hourly space velocity" is a commonly used technical term in fixed-bed reactor technology, referring to the volume of gas flowing through a unit volume of catalyst per unit time under standard conditions. Its unit is commonly h. -1 .

[0028] like Figure 1The utility model provides a kind of ammonia hydrogen production drive single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling device, including liquid ammonia source 1, delivery pump 2, boiler 3, first turbine power generation assembly, second turbine power generation assembly, ammonia decomposition reactor 5, combustor 6 and tail gas treatment unit 10;Delivery pump 2 import is connected with liquid ammonia source 1, the liquid ammonia source 1 here can be one or more liquid ammonia storage tank.Boiler 3 includes ammonia channel 3a and tail gas channel 3b, ammonia decomposition reactor 5 includes reaction channel 5a and flue gas channel 5b, delivery pump 2 export is connected with the ammonia channel 3a import of boiler 3 by pipeline, first turbine power generation assembly is connected with the reaction channel 5a import of ammonia decomposition reactor 5 and the ammonia channel 3a export of boiler 3 by pipeline respectively, combustor 6 includes combustion chamber, and compressed gas inlet, fuel gas inlet and the flue gas outlet after combustion are equipped on combustion chamber.Second turbine power generation assembly includes second generator 12 and coaxially arranged air compressor 7 and second turbine 8, and the shaft rotation of second turbine 8 drives the shaft rotation of air compressor 7, and the rotation shaft of second turbine 8 and air compressor 7 can be driven by coaxial linkage, gear or track, to drive the rotor rotation of second generator 12, to generate electricity;The reaction channel 5a export of ammonia decomposition reactor 5 and the compressed gas export of air compressor 7 are connected with the compressed gas inlet and fuel gas inlet of combustor 6 by pipeline respectively, and second turbine 8 is connected with the flue gas outlet of combustor 6 and the flue gas channel 5b import of ammonia decomposition reactor 5 by pipeline respectively, and the flue gas channel 5b export of ammonia decomposition reactor 5 is connected with the tail gas channel 3b import of boiler 3, for heating gasification treatment to the liquid ammonia in ammonia channel 3a, and the tail gas channel 3b export of boiler 3 is connected with tail gas treatment unit 10.

[0029] Specifically, the liquid ammonia therein is sent to the inlet of ammonia channel 3a of boiler 3 by delivery pump 2 at a certain flow rate, and flows out from the ammonia channel 3a outlet of boiler 3, and the liquid ammonia in ammonia channel 3a is completely gasified into gaseous ammonia at the outlet after gasification;The gas stream flowing out from boiler 3 enters first turbine power generation assembly, and the first turbine power generation assembly includes first turbine 4 and first generator 11, and the ammonia gas entering first turbine 4 pushes its blade and drives its rotating shaft to rotate, and then the rotating kinetic energy is transmitted to the rotor of first generator 11 to generate electricity.

[0030] The ammonia gas discharged from the first turbine 4 enters the reaction passage 5a of the ammonia decomposition reactor 5, and then is converted into product gas after the decomposition reaction in the reaction passage 5a, and flows to the fuel gas inlet of the burner 6; at the same time, the ambient air is sucked from the compressor 7, compressed and then flows into the compressed gas inlet of the burner 6; the air discharged from the compressor 7 and the product gas at the outlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor 5 as fuel are mixed and then burned in the burner 6, and the flue gas of the combustion product flows out from the flue gas outlet of the burner and then flows into the second turbine 8, the flue gas flow drives the second turbine blades to rotate, drives the rotating shaft of the second turbine and the compressor 7 to rotate together, and then transmits the rotating kinetic energy to the rotor of the second generator 12 to generate electricity.

[0031] The flue gas discharged from the second turbine 8 flows into the inlet of the flue gas passage 5b of the ammonia decomposition reactor 5, heats the material in the reaction passage 5a, the flue gas flows out from the outlet of the flue gas passage 5b of the ammonia decomposition reactor 5, enters the inlet of the flue gas passage 3b of the boiler 3, heats the liquid ammonia in the ammonia gas passage 3a of the boiler 3, and then flows out from the outlet of the flue gas passage 3b of the boiler 3 and enters the tail gas treatment unit 10 for treatment.

[0032] The process conditions of the device in the continuous working state are as follows:

[0033] The ammonia decomposition reactor 5 uses a fixed bed reactor technical route, that is, the ammonia decomposition reaction catalyst is filled in the reaction passage 5a in the form of a fixed bed layer, and the temperature of the catalyst in the reaction passage 5a is mainly controlled by the flue gas entering the flue gas passage 5b; the ammonia decomposition reaction catalyst is preferably an iron-based catalyst or a ruthenium-based catalyst, or the two types of catalysts are mixed and filled; after the ammonia decomposition reactor 5 runs stably, the reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is 350-850℃, preferably 450-580℃; the space velocity of the ammonia gas in the reaction passage 5a is 1000-30000h -1 -1, preferably 5000-12000h -1 The mass flow rate of the ammonia gas entering the ammonia decomposition reactor 5 can be calculated from the filling amount of the catalyst and the target space velocity; the gas pressure in the reaction passage 5a is between 0.06-1.8MPa; after the ammonia gas flows through the ammonia decomposition catalyst, the decomposition product is obtained, and the hydrogen and nitrogen are obtained, and the conversion rate of the ammonia gas is greater than 98.0%.

[0034] The burner 6 contains an ignition device, under the appropriate fuel flow rate and air flow rate, after successful ignition and stable operation of the device, the flow rate of the compressed air is 1-40 times the flow rate of the ammonia gas flowing into the ammonia decomposition reactor; whether the combustion state meets the process conditions is judged by whether the outlet gas temperature of the burner is continuously not lower than 750℃, and the working temperature of the boiler 3 in the device is 70-400℃.

[0035] AsFigure 2 As shown, the utility model further is further equipped with air compressor and fuel bottle in the device, it respectively through the pipeline and the combustion chamber of combustor 6 intercommunication. When the system is in the stop state and needs cold start, or standby state needs to change into normal operating state, needs to operate air compressor and fuel bottle, makes the device first reaches normal operating condition and then closes air compressor and fuel bottle, the specific starting operation method is as follows:

[0036] After opening air compressor 9 and starting fuel bottle 13, make compressed air and fuel gas enter combustor 6 simultaneously, mix, ignite and burn, the flue gas temperature formed after ignition reaches the target process value, second turbine 8 starts to rotate; the tail gas of second turbine 8 enters the inlet of flue gas passage 5b, when the temperature in reaction passage 5a in ammonia decomposition reactor 5 reaches the process value, and the temperature of boiler 3 also reaches the target process value, start delivery pump 2, make liquid ammonia flow out from liquid ammonia source 1 and further flow; when detecting that first generator 11 starts to generate electricity, close air compressor 9 or disconnect with the device, at this time, the air source is switched to the environment atmosphere; when detecting that the product gas stream flowing out from reaction passage 5a reaches the process value, close fuel bottle 13 or disconnect with the device; after that, the device can keep continuous operation, first generator 11 and second generator 12 can continuously output electric energy. Fuel bottle 13 is filled with combustible gas or volatile combustible liquid, such as natural gas, hydrogen, ammonia, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, ethanol, propanol, gasoline, aviation coal, etc. which can burn stably in air or liquid fuel, or the mixture or combination of these fuels.

[0037] In addition, as shown in the drawings, the second generator 12 in Figure 3 Also can be replaced by kinetic energy load system 14 in Figure 1 And Figure 2 Kinetic energy load system 14 can be a flywheel, propeller, power gear, etc. which can drive machines to obtain kinetic energy, can realize the output of kinetic energy and electric power, suitable for large mobile equipment such as ships, cars, etc. Of course, it can also be used for power generation and cogeneration of heavy gas turbine and micro gas turbine, wherein the micro gas turbine is 30-500Kw, and the heavy gas turbine is 30-400MW.

[0038] The utility model is not described, which is applicable to the prior art.

[0039] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating, and not limit the implementation. For ordinary skilled in the art, on the basis of the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A coupling device for an ammonia-to-hydrogen driven single-shaft gas turbine and an ammonia steam turbine, characterized in that, The device includes a liquid ammonia source (1), a transfer pump (2), a boiling device (3), a first turbine power generation assembly, a second turbine power generation assembly, an ammonia decomposition reactor (5), a burner (6), and a tail gas treatment unit (10). The inlet of the delivery pump (2) is connected to the liquid ammonia source (1), and the outlet of the delivery pump (2) is connected to the inlet of the ammonia channel (3a) of the boiling device (3). The first turbine power generation component is connected to the inlet of the reaction channel (5a) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) and the outlet of the ammonia channel (3a) of the boiling device (3) through pipelines. The second turbine power generation assembly includes a second generator (12) and a compressor (7) and a second turbine (8) arranged coaxially. The second turbine (8) is driven to the rotor of the second generator (12). The outlet of the reaction channel (5a) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) and the compressed gas outlet of the compressor (7) are respectively connected to the combustion chamber of the burner (6) through pipelines. The second turbine (8) is respectively connected to the flue gas outlet of the burner (6) and the inlet of the flue gas channel (5b) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) through pipelines. The outlet of the flue gas channel (5b) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) is connected to the inlet of the tail gas channel (3b) of the boiling device (3). The outlet of the tail gas channel (3b) of the boiling device (3) is connected to the tail gas treatment unit (10).

2. The coupling device for ammonia-to-hydrogen driven single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first turbine power generation assembly includes a first turbine (4) and a first generator (11). The rotor of the first turbine (4) is driven to the first generator (11). The first turbine (4) is connected to the outlet of the ammonia channel (3a) of the boiling device (3) and the inlet of the reaction channel (5a) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) through pipelines.

3. The coupling device for ammonia-to-hydrogen driven single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The device is also equipped with an air compressor (9) and a fuel cylinder (13), which are connected to the combustion chamber of the burner (6) through pipelines.

4. The coupling device for ammonia-to-hydrogen-driven single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the device is started, the compressed air provided by the air compressor (9) and the fuel gas provided by the fuel cylinder (13) are simultaneously input into the burner (6). When the combustion chamber outlet temperature of the burner (6) reaches the target process value, the second turbine power generation component is driven to operate. When the temperature of the reaction channel (5a) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) reaches the process value and the temperature of the boiling device (3) also reaches the target process value, the delivery pump (2) is started; when the second generator (12) is detected to start generating electricity, the air compressor (9) is turned off; when the product gas flow from the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) is detected to reach the process value, the fuel cylinder (13) is turned off.

5. The coupling device for an ammonia-to-hydrogen-driven single-shaft gas turbine and an ammonia steam turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fuel in the fuel cylinder (13) is a combustible gas or a volatile combustible liquid, including one or a mixture of several of the following fuels: natural gas, hydrogen, ammonia, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, ethanol, propanol, gasoline, and jet fuel.

6. The coupling device for ammonia-to-hydrogen-driven single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The reaction channel (5a) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) is filled with an iron-based catalyst and / or a ruthenium-based catalyst. During normal operation, the ammonia decomposition reaction temperature in the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) is 350–850°C, and the ammonia space velocity is 1000–30000 h⁻¹. -1 The gas pressure in the reaction channel (5a) is between 0.06 and 1.8 MPa.

7. The coupling device for ammonia-to-hydrogen-driven single-shaft gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The decomposition reaction temperature of ammonia is 450–580℃, and the ammonia space velocity is 5000–12000 h⁻¹. -1 The combustion chamber outlet gas temperature of the burner (6) is ≥750℃.

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