Efficient reverse combustion boiler and multi-layer fire grate combustion structure

Abstract

The utility model provides an efficient reverse combustion boiler and a multi-layer fire grate combustion structure, which relate to the technical field of boilers and comprise a boiler shell, a hearth, fire grate pipes, a refractory material radiation layer and a smoke pipe assembly. According to the efficient reverse combustion boiler and the multi-layer fire grate combustion structure, fuel is placed on the uppermost layer of the two layers of fire grate pipes and ignited, a part of heat generated by combustion of the fuel is absorbed by the fire grate pipes, fuel residues can fall to the bottom of the hearth from gaps between the fire grate pipes, and the inner wall of the hearth is provided with a refractory material radiation layer for radiating heat; the smoke with heat generated by combustion enters the front smoke box from the lower portion of the hearth, one part of the smoke enters the upper combustion chamber, after the smoke returns out and before the smoke enters the front smoke box, the smoke is subjected to secondary combustion under the effect of secondary air, then the smoke and the other part of the smoke enter the first upper smoke box, and the smoke enters the second upper smoke box. The refractory material radiation layer performs auxiliary heating on fuel below the hearth, so that the heat efficiency of the boiler is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a boiler technical field especially relates to a kind of high-efficiency reverse combustion boiler and multilayer grate combustion structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Reverse combustion boiler is a kind of boiler type, mainly used for heating and industrial heating, its characteristics are, when fuel burns in furnace, the direction of flue gas flow is opposite to combustion process. Flame first generates heat upward, while flue gas flows downward through the grate pipe of boiler, and finally is discharged through chimney after absorbing heat through smoke box and smoke pipe. Reverse combustion boiler is usually connected with external water supply system or cooling system, water is heated, and then is pumped to external system (such as heating pipe, hot water supply system, etc.) by circulating pump to complete heat transfer.

[0003] The existing reverse combustion boiler only heats water pipe by igniting fuel inside the boiler furnace, cannot make fuel fully burn, cannot reuse unburned fuel, has problems of low fuel utilization rate, slow boiler temperature rise and fuel waste. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model provides a kind of high-efficiency reverse combustion boiler and multilayer grate combustion structure, solve the above background technique and propose that cannot make fuel fully burn, cannot reuse unburned fuel, there is the problem of low fuel utilization rate, slow boiler temperature rise and fuel waste.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a kind of multilayer grate combustion structure, including furnace, grate pipe and refractory radiation layer, at least two layers of the grate pipe are horizontally placed in the inside of the furnace, the inner wall of the furnace is provided with the refractory radiation layer.

[0006] Preferably, the grate pipe is arranged in the middle of the furnace.

[0007] Preferably, each layer of the grate pipe is formed by a plurality of horizontally placed single pipes, and the projections of each layer of the grate pipe on the horizontal plane coincide.

[0008] Preferably, the refractory radiation layer is coated on the bottom surface of the furnace and the position lower than the lowest grate pipe.

[0009] A kind of high-efficiency reverse combustion boiler, including boiler shell, smoke pipe assembly and multilayer grate combustion structure, the furnace is arranged in the inside of the boiler shell.

[0010] Preferably, one side of the hearth is provided with a front smoke box, the upper end right side of the front smoke box is provided with an upper smoke box one, the lower side of the upper smoke box one is provided with a lower smoke box, the upper side of the lower smoke box is provided with an upper smoke box two, the side of the lower smoke box is provided with a smoke exhaust box, the side of the smoke exhaust box is provided with a smoke outlet, the smoke pipe assembly is arranged in the upper smoke box one, the lower smoke box and the smoke exhaust box, the smoke pipe assembly comprises a clamping plate and a smoke pipe, the clamping plate is fixed on the boiler shell, the clamping plate is provided with upper and lower two layers, and a plurality of smoke pipes are arranged between the two layers of clamping plates.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the hearth is communicated with the front smoke box, the upper end of the front smoke box is communicated with the upper end of the upper smoke box one, the lower end of the upper smoke box one is communicated with the lower smoke box, the upper end of the lower smoke box is communicated with the upper smoke box two, the lower end of the upper smoke box two is communicated with the smoke exhaust box, the upper end of the upper smoke box one is provided with an upper smoke box one inspection opening, the upper end of the upper smoke box two is provided with a lower smoke box inspection opening, and the upper ends of the upper smoke box one inspection opening and the lower smoke box inspection opening are provided with cover plates.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the smoke pipe assembly is provided with a support column, the upper end of the support column is fixed on the clamping plate, and the lower end of the support column is fixed on the boiler shell.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end left side of the front smoke box is provided with an upper combustion chamber, the upper combustion chamber is located above the hearth, the upper combustion chamber is communicated with the front smoke box, the outer side wall of the boiler shell is provided with an upper combustion chamber furnace door, the upper combustion chamber furnace door corresponds to the inside of the upper combustion chamber, the lower side of the upper combustion chamber furnace door is provided with a hearth furnace door, the lower side of the hearth furnace door is provided with a cinder chamber air inlet door, the hearth furnace door and the cinder chamber air inlet door correspond to the inside of the hearth, and the cinder chamber air inlet door is located between the two layers of grate pipes.

[0014] Preferably, the lower side of the cinder chamber air inlet door is provided with a cinder discharge door, the cinder discharge door corresponds to the inside of the hearth, the side wall of the boiler shell at the position of the lower smoke box is provided with a smoke pipe ash outlet one, the side wall of the boiler shell at the position of the smoke exhaust box is provided with a smoke pipe ash outlet two, and the boiler shell is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0016] 1. In the uppermost layer of the two-layer grate tube, fuel is placed and ignited, and the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel is absorbed by the grate tube. Unburned or incompletely burned fuel residues generated during the combustion of the fuel will fall through the gaps between the grate tubes to the bottom of the furnace and onto the refractory radiation layer provided on the inner wall of the furnace. The refractory radiation layer has high-temperature heat radiation characteristics and can effectively radiate heat to the fuel residues, which helps to improve combustion efficiency and ensure complete combustion of the fuel residues. The hot flue gas generated by the combustion moves downward from the furnace into the front smoke box. Part of the flue gas enters the upper combustion chamber, where it can undergo secondary combustion under the action of secondary air. The refractory radiation layer can assist in heating the fuel in the furnace below, allowing the fuel to heat up more quickly and enter a higher combustion temperature range, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler.

[0017] 2. Another part of the flue gas enters the upper smoke box and moves downward through the smoke pipe assembly, enters the lower smoke box, and then moves upward through the smoke pipe assembly into the lower smoke box. The flue gas is then discharged from the smoke outlet at the bottom of the smoke exhaust box. A purification device can be connected to the smoke outlet to purify the discharged flue gas. The water inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the external water supply system. After the water is heated, it is pumped to the external system by a circulating pump to complete the heat transfer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the high-efficiency reverse-burning boiler structure of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the high-efficiency reverse-burning boiler structure of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the smoke pipe assembly structure of the present application.

[0021] In the figure, 1 is the boiler shell, 11 is the upper combustion chamber door, 12 is the furnace door, 13 is the combustion chamber air inlet door, 14 is the slag discharge door, 15 is the smoke pipe ash discharge port one, 16 is the smoke pipe ash discharge port two, 2 is the furnace, 3 is the grate tube, 4 is the refractory radiation layer, 5 is the front smoke box, 51 is the upper combustion chamber, 6 is the upper smoke box one, 61 is the upper smoke box one inspection port, 7 is the lower smoke box, 71 is the upper smoke box two, 72 is the lower smoke box inspection port, 8 is the smoke exhaust box, 81 is the smoke outlet, 9 is the smoke pipe assembly, 91 is the clamping plate, 92 is the smoke pipe, 93 is the support column, 101 is the water inlet pipe, 102 is the water outlet pipe, and 103 is the cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the utility model.

[0023] The utility model provides a kind of high efficiency reverse boiler, the following embodiment provides a kind of high efficiency reverse boiler with multilayer grate combustion structure, as shown in Figure 1 And Figure 2 As shown, including boiler shell 1, grate pipe 3, refractory radiation layer 4 and flue assembly 9, the inside of boiler shell 1 is separated into multiple parts by multiple partitions, and the inside of boiler shell 1 is provided with hearth 2, at least two layers of grate pipe 3 are horizontally placed in the inside of hearth 2, the grate pipe 3 is arranged in the middle part of hearth 2, which divides hearth 2 into two parts, the upper space provides space for the placement of fuel, and the lower space provides space for the placement of fuel residue, each layer of grate pipe 3 is arranged by a plurality of horizontally placed single pipes, and the projections of each layer of grate pipe 3 on the horizontal plane coincide, and the inner wall of hearth 2 is provided with refractory radiation layer 4, one side of hearth 2 is provided with front flue box 5, the upper end right side of front flue box 5 is provided with upper flue box one 6, the upper end left side of front flue box 5 is provided with upper combustion chamber 51, upper combustion chamber 51 is located above hearth 2, upper combustion chamber 51 is in communication with front flue box 5, the lower part of upper flue box one 6 is provided with lower flue box 7, the upper end of lower flue box 7 is provided with upper flue box two 71, one side of lower flue box 7 is provided with flue discharge box 8, the lower end of hearth 2 is in communication with front flue box 5, the upper end of front flue box 5 is in communication with the upper end of upper flue box one 6, the lower end of upper flue box one 6 is in communication with lower flue box 7, the upper end of lower flue box 7 is in communication with upper flue box two 71, the lower end of upper flue box two 71 is in communication with flue discharge box 8, one side of flue discharge box 8 is provided with smoke outlet 81, and boiler shell 1 is provided with water inlet pipe opening 101 and water outlet pipe opening 102. Two layers of grate pipe 3 are coiled from a long pipe, and the grate pipe 3 is embedded in the inner wall of the boiler shell 1, and the inner wall of the boiler shell 1 is provided with a water pipe, which is in communication with the grate pipe 3, and the two ends of the water pipe are connected with the water inlet pipe opening 101 and the water outlet pipe opening 102 respectively, so that the heat in the flue gas can be absorbed into the water in the water pipe.

[0024] The water inlet pipe opening 101 and the water outlet pipe opening 102 are connected with the external water supply system, and after the water is heated, it is pumped to the external system (such as heating pipeline, hot water supply system, etc.) through the circulating pump to complete the heat transfer.

[0025] The fuel is placed on the uppermost layer of the double-layered grate tube 3 and ignited, and part of the heat generated by the fuel combustion is absorbed by the grate tube 3. The double-layered grate tube 3 has the advantage that the high-temperature flue gas generated after the fuel combustion in the boiler shell 1 flows from top to bottom, which can quickly transfer heat to the grate tube 3, and the heat transfer efficiency of the double-layered grate tube 3 is faster than that of the single-layered grate tube 3. The increase in the heated area and heat transfer of the multi-layered grate tube 3 greatly promotes the fuel utilization rate of the boiler.

[0026] During the fuel combustion process, unburned or incompletely burned fuel residues may fall from the gaps between the grate tubes 3 to the bottom of the hearth 2 and fall onto the refractory radiation layer 4. The refractory radiation layer 4 has high-temperature heat radiation characteristics, which helps to improve the combustion efficiency and ensure complete combustion of the fuel residues. The refractory radiation layer 4 is coated on the bottom surface of the hearth 2 and the position lower than the lowest grate tube 3. This can ensure sufficient heating of the fuel residues while reducing the amount of refractory radiation layer 4 coating and saving costs.

[0027] The material of the refractory radiation layer 4 can be corundum brick, bauxite brick, and silicon carbide, etc.

[0028] The hot flue gas generated by combustion moves downward from the hearth 2 into the front smoke box 5. Part of the flue gas enters the upper combustion chamber 51, and after returning, it enters the upper smoke box 6 and moves downward through the smoke pipe assembly 9 into the lower smoke box 7, and then moves upward through the smoke pipe assembly 9 into the upper end of the lower smoke box 7, and then passes through the smoke pipe assembly 9 in the smoke exhaust box 8, and is discharged from the smoke outlet 81 at the bottom of one side of the smoke exhaust box 8. A purification device can be connected to the smoke outlet 81 to purify the discharged flue gas.

[0029] The flue gas entering the upper combustion chamber 51 can be subjected to secondary combustion above the hearth 2. The refractory radiation layer 4 below the hearth 2 assists in heating the fuel in the hearth 2, which makes the fuel heat up more quickly and enter a higher combustion temperature range, which helps the fuel residues to burn completely, reduces costs, and improves the thermal efficiency of the boiler.

[0030] As shown in Figure 2 The smoke pipe assembly 9 is arranged in the upper smoke box 6, the lower smoke box 7, and the smoke exhaust box 8. The smoke pipe assembly 9 includes a clamping plate 91 and a smoke pipe 92. The clamping plate 91 is fixed to the boiler shell 1. The clamping plate 91 is provided with two layers, and a plurality of smoke pipes 92 are arranged between the two layers of clamping plates 91, as shown in Figure 3As shown, the lower end of the smoke pipe assembly 9 is provided with a support column 93, the upper end of the support column 93 is fixed on the clamping plate 91, the lower end of the support column 93 is fixed on the boiler shell 1, and the support column 93 plays a role in supporting the smoke pipe assembly 9. Compared with the direct flow of flue gas in the boiler, the arrangement of a plurality of smoke pipes 92 makes the flue gas flow out of the smoke pipe 92, which can make the flue gas distribution more uniform, and can also improve the structural strength of the boiler shell 1, and avoid the expansion and deformation of the internal cavity box type boiler shell 1 due to internal heating.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the outer side wall of the boiler shell 1 is provided with an upper combustion chamber door 11 corresponding to the inside of the upper combustion chamber 51, and a hearth door 12 is arranged below the upper combustion chamber door 11, and a combustion chamber air inlet door 13 is arranged below the hearth door 12, both the hearth door 12 and the combustion chamber air inlet door 13 correspond to the inside of the hearth 2, and the combustion chamber air inlet door 13 is located between the two layers of grate pipes 3, and a slag door 14 is arranged below the combustion chamber air inlet door 13, and the slag door 14 corresponds to the inside of the hearth 2, and a smoke pipe dust outlet one 15 is arranged on the side wall of the boiler shell 1 at the position of the lower smoke box 7, and a smoke pipe dust outlet two 16 is arranged on the side wall of the boiler shell 1 at the position of the smoke exhaust box 8. The fuel can be placed on the grate pipe 3 through the hearth door 12, the ash attached between the double-layer grate pipe 3 can be cleaned through the combustion chamber air inlet door 13, the fuel residue can be cleaned through the slag door 14, the dust falling in the upper smoke box one 6 and the upper smoke box two 72 can be cleaned through the smoke pipe dust outlet one 15, and the ash falling at the bottom of the smoke exhaust box 8 can be cleaned through the smoke pipe dust outlet two 16.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the upper end of the upper smoke box one 6 is provided with an upper smoke box one inspection hole 61, and the upper end of the lower smoke box 7 is provided with a lower smoke box inspection hole 71, and the upper ends of the upper smoke box one inspection hole 61 and the lower smoke box inspection hole 71 are provided with cover plates 103. Whether the smoke pipe 92 of the smoke pipe assembly 9 in the upper smoke box one 6 is blocked can be checked through the upper smoke box one inspection hole 61, and whether the smoke pipe 92 of the smoke pipe assembly 9 in the lower smoke box 7 is blocked can be checked through the lower smoke box inspection hole 71, and a long rod or other tools can be used to dredge the blocked smoke pipe 92 and remove the dust on the clamping plate 91, so as to ensure good heat transfer.

[0033] The utility model adopts, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, fuel is placed on the uppermost layer of the two-layer grate tube 3 and ignited, and part of the heat generated by the fuel combustion is absorbed by the grate tube 3, and the unburned or insufficiently burned fuel residues generated during the combustion of the fuel will fall from the gap between the grate tubes 3 to the bottom of the hearth 2 and fall onto the refractory radiation layer 4 arranged on the inner wall of the hearth 2, the refractory radiation layer 4 has high-temperature heat radiation characteristics, which can effectively radiate heat to the fuel residues, which helps to improve the combustion efficiency and ensure complete combustion of the fuel residues, the flue gas with heat generated by combustion moves downward from the hearth 2 into the front smoke box 5, part of the flue gas enters the upper combustion chamber 51, after returning, before entering the front smoke box 5, under the action of secondary air, the flue gas will be secondary combustion, the refractory radiation layer 4 can assist heating the fuel below the hearth 2, so that the fuel is heated more quickly and enters a higher combustion temperature range, improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler. Another part of the flue gas enters the upper smoke box 6 and moves downward through the smoke pipe assembly 9 into the lower smoke box 7, and then moves upward through the smoke pipe assembly 9 into the upper end of the lower smoke box 7, and then passes through the smoke pipe assembly 9 in the smoke exhaust box 8, and is discharged from the smoke outlet 81 at the bottom of one side of the smoke exhaust box 8. The purification device can be connected to the smoke outlet 81 to purify the discharged flue gas, and the water inlet pipe 101 and the water outlet pipe 102 are connected to the external water supply system, and the water is heated and pumped to the external system to complete the heat transfer.

[0034] Although the embodiments of the present application have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the application listed in the specification and the embodiments, and can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present application. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily realized, and therefore the present application is not limited to specific details and the figures shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A multi-layered grate combustion structure, characterized by, The furnace (2) has at least two layers of horizontally arranged grate pipes (3) inside, and a refractory radiation layer (4) is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace (2).

2. The multi-layered grate combustion structure of claim 1, wherein, The grate pipes (3) are arranged in the middle of the furnace (2).

3. The multi-layered grate combustion structure of claim 1, wherein, Each layer of the grate pipes (3) is arranged by a plurality of horizontally arranged single pipes, and the projections of each layer of the grate pipes (3) on the horizontal plane coincide.

4. The multi-layered grate combustion structure of claim 1, wherein, The refractory radiation layer (4) is coated on the bottom surface of the furnace (2) and the position lower than the lowest grate pipe (3).

5. A high efficiency counteracting boiler, characterized in that, The furnace (2) is arranged in the inside of the boiler shell (1).

6. The high-efficiency reverse combustion boiler of claim 5, wherein, The furnace (2) is provided with a front smoke box (5) on one side, an upper smoke box I (6) is arranged on the right side of the upper end of the front smoke box (5), a lower smoke box (7) is arranged below the upper smoke box I (6), an upper smoke box II (71) is arranged above the lower smoke box (7), a smoke exhaust box (8) is arranged on one side of the lower smoke box (7), and a smoke outlet (81) is arranged on one side of the smoke exhaust box (8). The smoke pipe assembly (9) is arranged in the upper smoke box I (6), the lower smoke box (7) and the smoke exhaust box (8), and the smoke pipe assembly (9) comprises a clamping plate (91) and a smoke pipe (92). The clamping plate (91) is fixed on the boiler shell (1), and the clamping plate (91) is provided with two layers, and a plurality of smoke pipes (92) are arranged between the two layers of clamping plates (91).

7. The high-efficiency reverse combustion boiler of claim 6, wherein, The lower end of the furnace (2) is communicated with the front smoke box (5), the upper end of the front smoke box (5) is communicated with the upper end of the upper smoke box I (6), the lower end of the upper smoke box I (6) is communicated with the lower smoke box (7), the upper end of the lower smoke box (7) is communicated with the upper smoke box II (71), the lower end of the upper smoke box II (71) is communicated with the smoke exhaust box (8), the upper end of the upper smoke box I (6) is provided with an upper smoke box I inspection port (61), the upper end of the lower smoke box (7) is provided with a lower smoke box inspection port (72), and the upper ends of the upper smoke box I inspection port (61) and the lower smoke box inspection port (72) are provided with cover plates (103).

8. The high-efficiency reverse combustion boiler of claim 7, wherein, The lower end of the smoke pipe assembly (9) is provided with a support column (93), the upper end of the support column (93) is fixed on the clamping plate (91), and the lower end of the support column (93) is fixed on the boiler shell (1).

9. The high-efficiency reverse combustion boiler of claim 8, wherein, The upper end left side of the front smoke box (5) is provided with an upper combustion chamber (51), which is located above the hearth (2) and communicates with the front smoke box (5). The outer side wall of the boiler shell (1) is provided with an upper combustion chamber furnace door (11) corresponding to the inside of the upper combustion chamber (51). The lower side of the upper combustion chamber furnace door (11) is provided with a hearth furnace door (12), and the lower side of the hearth furnace door (12) is provided with a combustion chamber air inlet door (13). The hearth furnace door (12) and the combustion chamber air inlet door (13) correspond to the inside of the hearth (2), and the combustion chamber air inlet door (13) is located between the two layers of the grate pipe (3).

10. The high-efficiency reverse combustion boiler of claim 9, wherein, The lower side of the combustion chamber air inlet door (13) is provided with a slag discharge door (14) corresponding to the inside of the hearth (2). The side wall of the boiler shell (1) at the position of the lower smoke box (7) is provided with a smoke pipe ash outlet one (15). The side wall of the boiler shell (1) at the position of the smoke exhaust box (8) is provided with a smoke pipe ash outlet two (16). The boiler shell (1) is provided with a water inlet pipe (101) and a water outlet pipe (102).

Images